2080 results about "Ground plane" patented technology

The present disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus of generating a surround view monitoring (SVM) image. The method includes: obtaining installation information of an actual camera installed on a ship; setting a virtual camera to orient toward a ground plane perpendicularly within a world coordinate system; calculating a conversion relationship between the virtual camera and the actual camera, based on the installation information of the actual camera; generating the SVM image based on the calculated conversion relationship; and controlling the ship based on the generated SVM image.

A right-hand circularly-polarized patch antenna comprising a ground plane and a patch connected to each other with one or more wires for which the wire shape and location of the end points are selected such that they do not cause an antenna mismatch, and the electrical current carried in the wires produces an extra electromagnetic field subtracted from the patch field in the nadir direction.

The invention relates to the technical field of autonomous mobile robots, in particular to a freight robot autonomous navigation obstacle avoidance method based on multi-sensor fusion, which comprises the following steps of: identifying dynamic targets such as pedestrians and vehicles through data fusion of a depth camera and a laser radar, and predicting a future short-term movement track of the dynamic targets by utilizing a filtering algorithm; a risk corridor over time is generated, so that emergency braking or deadlock is avoided, and the operation efficiency and the traffic smoothness are greatly improved; a space-time consistency cross validation mechanism is established by utilizing the characteristics that the laser radar is insensitive to transparent objects and ultrasonic waves are sensitive to the transparent objects, so that false alarm and missing alarm are effectively eliminated, the robot can safely pass through a complex indoor environment, and the application boundary is greatly expanded; a depth camera is used for fitting a ground plane and analyzing point cloud height change in real time, so that obstacles which cannot be expressed by a two-dimensional navigation map can be identified; and an optimal track is generated by minimizing a multi-target cost function, so that the path is ensured to be safe and smooth.

An antenna unit includes a case having a base and a lid. An antenna assembly is located within the lid and is IP67 compliant, being waterproof. The antenna assembly can provide antennas located on one or more baseplates that are positioned within the top cover of the box. A baseplate can act as a heatsink, a reflector, and / or a ground plane, for the antennas while the cover is closed and in the locked position. The antennas have been designed and optimized to work on a baseplate and designed to operate with the thick plastic cover of the box. A plurality of antenna components are situated within the base separate from the antenna assembly. An optional barrier is located within the base to divide the antenna components from the lid. The antenna assembly include different types of antennas operable at least between 600 MHz to 39 GHz. The lid is separable from the base and is divided from other components to minimize interference so that all antennas may operate simultaneously while the lid is in a closed position.

The invention relates to the technical field of curtain walls, and discloses a measuring device for processing a hyperbolic aluminum plate. Comprising a detection truss body used for providing a movable supporting structure; the laser detection instrument is mounted on the detection truss body and is used for performing three-dimensional scanning on the hyperbolic aluminum plate and generating point cloud data; the reference correction instrument is used for calibrating and detecting the reference position of the truss body; the control module is used for scanning a ground plane reference corresponding to the measuring device for machining through a reference correction instrument, and obtaining an X-axis deviation value and a Y-axis deviation value of the detection truss body and the ground plane reference and a Z-axis deviation value corresponding to the detection truss body; according to the X-axis deviation value, the Y-axis deviation value and the Z-axis deviation value, a reference correction instrument is controlled to calibrate and detect the reference position of the truss body; and controlling the laser detection instrument to walk according to a preset path, executing a scanning program to generate a three-dimensional format file, and performing fitting comparison on the three-dimensional format file and a design model corresponding to the hyperbolic aluminum plate to complete three-dimensional shape detection of the hyperbolic aluminum plate.

An antenna assembly can include a base portion and a cover, the cover configured to be removably coupled to the base portion. The antenna assembly can include a modem positioned on or above the base portion, a ground plane, and a multi-band antenna.

The invention discloses a point cloud plane parameter optimization method based on IPOPT and residual combination. The method comprises the following steps: preprocessing point cloud data; obstacle target self-adaptive removal is carried out on the preprocessed point cloud data; a composite objective function is constructed, a maximum error constraint inequality is constructed, and calculation of plane parameters is realized by using an IPOPT optimization algorithm; a loss function containing a hard constraint penalty term is constructed, and it is ensured that the optimization direction conforms to the constraint through dynamic adjustment and parameter rollback; and a dual-path parameter updating strategy of a positive learning rate and a negative learning rate is adopted to generate a corresponding residual item, and ground plane parameter updating is carried out through parameter decoupling and recombination so as to realize further optimization of point cloud plane parameters. According to the method, accurate point cloud plane parameters can be better calculated, and the anti-interference capability and scene adaptability of plane parameter fitting are integrally improved.

An antenna assembly can include a case, a first ground plane, and a multi-band multi-element antenna. The case can include a body portion and a door pivotably coupled to the body portion. The first ground plane can be coupled to the body portion and can divide the case into a first internal volume and a second internal volume. The multi-band multi-element antenna can include at least one multi-band radiating element coupled to a top side of the first ground plane. The antenna assembly can include a tablet computer and / or a display screen.

A system and method for extending and holding aloft a long-wire radio antenna using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), optimizing high-frequency (HF) radio communication where ground-based infrastructure is impractical. The UAV-based system pulls an antenna wire from a reel vertically and hovers in place holding the antenna at a length resonant on the transmitting frequency, enabling effective skip propagation. The system includes mechanisms for precise impedance matching and standing wave ratio (SWR) tuning through automatic adjustments of antenna length, facilitated by onboard sensors and control systems. The antenna wire is connected to a reel anchored to the ground and connected to a wire-mesh ground plane. In one embodiment, the system constantly feeds electric power to the UAV, with filters isolating RF and power currents, enabling both antenna and power transmission functions on the same wire. This system addresses the challenges of maintaining HF communication in remote or disaster-stricken regions.

Various embodiments provide an antenna assembly and associated systems, devices, and methods. The antenna assembly may include two or more antennas, including a first antenna and a second antenna, coupled to a ground plane. The antenna assembly may further include an isolation network coupled to the ground plane between the first and second antennas. The isolation network may include a conductive structure between conductive antenna portions of the first and second antennas, and an isolation circuit coupled between the conductive structure and the ground plane. The isolation circuit may include a resistor, an inductor, and / or a capacitor (e.g., coupled in parallel with one another). Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Antenna elements and electronic devices are provided, including an antenna element includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a radiator array. The first radiator is connected to a ground plane through a grounding component, the second radiator is spaced from the ground plane and disposed opposite to the ground plane, and the second radiator and the first radiator are spaced apart. The radiator array is spaced from the first radiator and disposed opposite to the first radiator, and is located on a side that is of the first radiator and that is further from the ground plane. The radiator array includes at least two sub-radiators, and the at least two sub-radiators are spaced from each other in an extension direction of a plane on which the radiator array is located. The first radiator includes a first hollow region, and the radiator array includes a second hollow region.

The invention discloses a compact millimeter wave dual-polarization filtering antenna and array, which comprises 11 layers of structures (a first metal layer to a sixth metal layer, three dielectric layers and two bonding layers) and three types of metalized via holes which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the feed through hole penetrates through the first dielectric layer to the third dielectric layer, the short-circuit through hole penetrates through the first dielectric layer to the third dielectric layer, and the shielding hole penetrates through the third dielectric layer. Wherein a cross-shaped radiation patch and a C-shaped parasitic metal strip line are arranged on the first metal layer; an annular driving patch is arranged on the second metal layer; the third metal layer is provided with a feed metal strip line and a parasitic metal strip line. The fourth metal layer is provided with a parasitic open-circuit branch. A first grounding plane is arranged on the fifth metal layer; the sixth metal layer is provided with a second grounding plane and an anti-pad. The working frequency band covers the n258 frequency band and the n257 frequency band of 5G millimeter waves, dual-polarization radiation and effective out-of-band rejection can be achieved, and meanwhile the antenna has the advantages of being compact in structure and light and handy in appearance.

Techniques for estimating a ground plane based on lidar data and / or attributes of the ground plane are discussed herein. A vehicle captures radar data, e.g., 4D radar data including height information, as it traverses an environment. The radar data can include direct returns from an object and reflected or multipath returns, e.g., that reflect off a ground surface and the object. A position of the ground plane can be estimated based at least in part on a distance between direct returns and the reflected returns. Attributes of the ground plane may be determined from differences between the direct returns and the reflected returns.

The invention discloses a filtering patch antenna with out-of-band high suppression and high frequency selectivity. Comprising a dielectric substrate, a radiation patch printed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate, a parasitic branch knot, an air layer, a metal ground, a feed circular hole etched in the metal ground and used for separating a feed short needle from a metal ground plane, the feed short needle inserted into the dielectric substrate, and nylon columns inserted into four corners of the dielectric substrate and the metal ground plane and used for fixing. The structure is simple and compact, the working bandwidth is widened, the out-of-band rejection capability and the frequency selectivity are remarkably enhanced, and the requirement for coexistence of multiple frequency bands is met.

The invention belongs to the field of antennas, and discloses a millimeter wave broadband circularly polarized antenna array and a manufacturing method thereof. The fourth metal layer is used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves based on the sequential rotation feed network; the fourth metal layer is also used for serving as a ground plane of the grounding coplanar waveguide; the third dielectric layer is used for transmitting the received electromagnetic waves to the third metal layer; metal via holes are introduced into the third dielectric layer to realize the performance of the grounding coplanar waveguide; the third metal layer is used for coupling electromagnetic waves to the first radiation layer and the second radiation layer based on slot coupling; the third metal layer is also used for serving as a ground plane of the grounded coplanar waveguide; the first radiation layer and the second radiation layer are respectively used for directionally radiating electromagnetic waves to a free space; metal via holes are introduced into the first radiation layer and the second radiation layer, so that the performance of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is realized; the millimeter wave antenna meets the requirement of a millimeter wave mobile communication working frequency band, and has the characteristics of large axial ratio bandwidth, easiness in processing, low loss and stable directional diagram.

Provided in the present disclosure are a patch antenna, an antenna array and a communication device. The patch antenna comprises: a feed circuit, a slotted ground plane, and a first patch layer, a second patch layer and a third patch layer, which are sequentially stacked in the direction of the slotted ground plane facing away from the feed circuit and are spaced apart from each other, wherein the feed circuit comprises two feed ports and an open-loop annular feed portion connecting the two feed ports; the slotted ground plane is located on one side of the feed circuit; the slotted ground plane is provided with a plurality of slots; the slotted ground plane is spaced apart from the feed circuit; the orthographic projections of the slots on the feed circuit at least partially overlap the open-loop annular feed portion; and the first patch layer comprises a first patch, the second patch layer comprises a second patch, and the third patch layer comprises a first annular patch. The simplification of the structure of a polarization switchable antenna, the reduction of the return loss and the increase of the signal gain and impedance bandwidth are facilitated.

A multi-band antenna includes a reflector that provides a ground plane, a first array of first radiating elements, each of the first radiating elements located on a front side of the reflector and configured to emit first electromagnetic radiation in a low frequency band, a second array of second radiating elements, each of the second radiating elements located on the front side of the reflector and configured to emit second electromagnetic radiation in a high frequency band, and an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) plane that is located between the reflector and a radiator of the first radiating element and between the reflector and a radiator of the second radiating element. The AMC plane is configured to reflect the first electromagnetic radiation substantially in phase and to reflect the second electromagnetic radiation substantially in antiphase.

The technology described herein is directed towards a reconfigurable surface device that reflects an impinging electromagnetic signal, with a phase profile determined by vertical positioning of a flexible metallic ground plane beneath metallic resonating elements of the reconfigurable surface. The vertical positioning forms different gaps between portions of the flexible ground plane and the respective metallic resonating elements above those portions, to determine the direction of the reflected beam. In one implementation, four individually linear actuators (vertical driving motors) are mechanically coupled to the corners of the ground plane of a metasurface (panel). These actuators and motors are independently controlled to establish the phase profile, by determining the amount of vertical positioning of each corner of the flexible ground plane to steer the reflected beam. The low-cost design can operate to steer millimeter wavelength beams in many wireless communication scenarios.

A vertically-polarized omnidirectional antenna, including: a body including: a host printed circuit board (PCB) including: first and second slots, and a metal flooded ground plane, first and second antenna PCBs forming four dipole pairs, the first and second antenna PCBs mounted to the host PCB, respective first to third ground connection fillet tabs, the first and second tabs being on an opposite side of the host PCB from the third tab, the first to third tabs being on a same side of its antenna PCB, an amplitude taper on each antenna PCB at transitions between the host and antenna PCBs, including: a first transmission line splitting off into a second transmission line and a third transmission line, the second transmission line feeding two antennas to form one dipole pair, the third transmission line stepping down using a quarter-wave transformer, and a radio frequency (RF) connector to receive a power supply.

Disclosed is a packaged semiconductor device comprising a semiconductor die comprising a MMIC having a differential output; a package substrate, comprising first second and third metal layers, and electrically connected to the semiconductor die by a plurality of pillars between the semiconductor die and the first metal layer, wherein the first and third metal layers comprise a ground plane, and the second metal layer, therebetween, comprises a single-ended stripline; wherein the differential output is galvanically connected to the first metal layer by a pair of pillars aligned along a first axis; wherein the packaged semiconductor device comprises a balun coupler between the differential output, and the single-ended stripline aligned along a second axis; wherein the balun coupler comprises an opening in the first metal layer, the opening comprising two arms extending in a first direction parallel to the second axis.

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and provides a load transformer and a differential amplifier, the load transformer comprises a first metal layer, a second metal layer, a third metal layer and a fourth metal layer which are sequentially stacked, and the first metal layer, the second metal layer, the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer are mutually spaced and asymmetrically arranged; the first metal layer is an annular first coil layer, the second metal layer is an annular second coil layer, the third metal layer is an annular third coil layer, and the fourth metal layer is a grounding layer; the load transformer further comprises a first substrate dielectric layer, a second substrate dielectric layer and a third substrate dielectric layer. The first substrate dielectric layer is arranged between the first metal layer and the second metal layer; the second substrate dielectric layer is arranged between the second metal layer and the third metal layer; the third substrate dielectric layer is arranged between the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer. The load transformer is small in area, low in cost and convenient to improve the utilization rate of the substrate.

The invention relates to a single-layer waveguide antenna structure which is formed by splicing a PCB main board and a waveguide board, a stand column-mushroom pin composite structure is arranged in the single-layer waveguide antenna structure, mushroom pins are arranged in the PCB main board, stand columns are arranged in the waveguide board, and a transmission waveguide wall, a radiation waveguide wall and a grounding layer are further arranged in the PCB main board; a transmission waveguide cavity and a radiation cavity are also arranged in the waveguide plate; the transmission waveguide wall, the mushroom pin, the transmission waveguide cavity and the stand column form a closed waveguide cavity, and the transmission waveguide wall serves as a bottom H face of the waveguide cavity, so that a single-layer waveguide antenna structure is achieved. By the adoption of the single-layer waveguide antenna structure, the bottleneck problems of high-frequency signal reflection loss, adjacent channel coupling crosstalk and the like caused by a heterogeneous material interface and sensitive assembly tolerance between a traditional waveguide system and a PCB are solved, the number of stand columns in a waveguide plate can be effectively reduced, and the manufacturing difficulty of the waveguide plate can be simplified.

An antenna mountable to a window to provide non-destructive installation and removal therefrom. The antenna has a substrate of dielectric material having a first surface with patterned conductive material providing a main radiator and ground plane, and a back surface of patterned conductive material providing a feeding circuit, which capacitively conveys and receives, via the substrate, RF signals with the main radiator and ground plane. The main radiator and ground plane, and preferably the feeding circuit, are each radiating structures to achieve different frequency ranges, such as over VHF, UHF, and cellular bands, with wideband performance. The antenna is configured to resemble a semitransparent sunshade by the antenna body being perforated, through the front and back thereof, with holes enabling a majority of the antenna body to appear semitransparent for screening sunlight. One or more fixtures are utilized for detachably mounting the antenna along a surface of a window.

The invention provides a common-caliber dual-polarization indoor distribution antenna and communication equipment, the common-caliber dual-polarization indoor distribution antenna comprises a vertical polarization antenna, a horizontal polarization antenna and a feed structure, the vertical polarization antenna comprises a metal floor, a triangular metal plate, a plurality of grounding metal columns and a first copper-clad layer, the triangular metal plate and the plurality of grounding metal columns are arranged between the metal floor and the first copper-clad layer; the horizontally polarized antenna comprises a double-layer dielectric plate and a slot array, the bottom of the double-layer dielectric plate is coated with copper to form a first copper-coated layer, and the slot array is arranged at the top of the double-layer dielectric plate; the horizontally-polarized antenna and the vertically-polarized antenna are arranged in a common-caliber mode, the structure is simple, and the size is small. The feed structure comprises a first feed structure and a second feed structure, the first feed structure is connected with the vertical polarized antenna, and the second feed structure is connected with the horizontal polarized antenna; the first feed structure and the second feed structure are arranged on the metal floor in a non-overlapping manner, so that coupling interference is avoided.

The invention discloses a miniaturized sensor for measuring the dielectric constant of a dielectric material, and belongs to the technical field of microwave sensing. The sensor structure comprises a top metal patch signal layer, a middle dielectric substrate layer and a bottom metal grounding layer, wherein the top-layer metal patch structure comprises five parts, namely a 50-ohm microstrip line, a 1 / 4 wavelength impedance change line, a coplanar waveguide with a coupling slot, a substrate integrated waveguide and a sensing unit, and the top layer and the grounding layer are connected through a metalized through hole of the middle layer; and a complementary split-ring resonator sensing unit of a stepped impedance fractal structure is etched on the top metal layer and is used as a sensing area for placing a solid material for dielectric constant measurement. According to the sensor, the purpose of miniaturization of the sensor is achieved through loading of the resonant ring unit, the measurement sensitivity is high, the measurement error is small, and the sensor is suitable for dielectric constant measurement of dielectric materials.

The disclosed wireless antenna may include a stratified architecture that electrically isolates an antenna radiating element from a ground plane. For example, the disclosed wireless antenna may be included in a wearable device such that the antenna radiating element is capacitively coupled with the bare skin of the wearer. A slot or cleared volume between the antenna radiating element and the ground plane causes electrical fields to close between the antenna radiating element—effectively enlarged by the bare skin of the wearer—and the ground plane. By clearly separating the antenna radiating element and the ground plane and coupling the antenna radiating element to conductive human tissue, the disclosed wireless antenna significantly improves performance at low frequencies such as LTD low bands. Various other methods, systems, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Disclosed is a packaged semiconductor device, comprising: a semiconductor die comprising an MMIC, the MMIC having a differential output; a package substrate including a first metal layer, a second metal layer, and a third metal layer, and electrically connected to the semiconductor die through a plurality of pillars between the semiconductor die and the first metal layer, where the first metal layer and the third metal layer include a ground plane, the second metal layer between the first metal layer and the second metal layer comprises a single-ended strip line; wherein the differential output is galvanically connected to the first metal layer through a pair of struts aligned along a first axis; wherein the packaged semiconductor device comprises a balun coupler between the differential output and the single-ended stripline aligned along a second axis; wherein the balun coupler comprises an opening in the first metal layer, the opening comprising two arms extending in a first direction parallel to the second axis.

This application discloses an antenna structure and an electronic device. The antenna structure includes an antenna radiation body, a first coupled radiation branch, a second coupled radiation branch, a first feed, a first matching circuit, and a second matching circuit. The antenna radiation body is located between the first coupled radiation branch and the second coupled radiation branch, there is a gap between the antenna radiation body and the first coupled radiation branch, and there is a gap between the antenna radiation body and the second coupled radiation branch. The first feed is disposed between a first feed point on the antenna radiation body and a ground plane. The first matching circuit is disposed between a first position of the antenna radiation body and a ground plane. The second matching circuit is disposed between a second position of the antenna radiation body and a ground plane.

The invention discloses an image analysis method and system for quality control traceability of a satellite navigation board, and relates to the technical field of image processing. The method comprises the following steps: synchronously acquiring an image and three-dimensional point cloud data of a radio frequency transmission line area through a high-resolution area array CCD camera and a laser contourgraph; acquiring a transmission line contour based on image identification, and constructing a three-dimensional radio frequency line model through point cloud fitting; detecting the line width and the distance to the ground plane by using the model, and calculating the impedance prediction complexity in combination with a data acquisition error; dynamically calling a characteristic impedance prediction engine based on the complexity to obtain a predicted characteristic impedance sequence; and quality defect judgment is carried out, and traceability control is carried out on defective products. According to the method, a complete technical chain from geometric dimension detection to electrical performance evaluation is established, hidden defects which are difficult to find by a traditional method can be effectively identified, and the quality control precision and the product yield of the satellite navigation board are improved.

Example directional couplers and devices including one or more directional couplers are disclosed. In an example, a directional coupler comprises a first electrically conductive portion and a second electrically conductive portion, a first ground plane electrical conductor disposed in a plane between the first electrically conductive portion and the second electrically conductive portion, and a second ground plane electrical conductor and a third ground plane electrical conductor disposed such that the first and second electrically conductive portions and the first ground plane electrical conductor are between the second and third ground plane electrical conductors. The first ground plane electrical conductor includes at least one hole directly between the first electrically conductive portion and the second electrically conductive portion.