6009 results about "Ground plane" patented technology

A patch antenna for operation within a high temperature environment. The patent antenna typically includes an antenna radiating element, a housing and a microwave transmission medium, such as a high temperature microwave cable. The antenna radiating element typically comprises a metallization (or solid metal) element in contact with a dielectric element. The antenna radiating element can include a dielectric window comprising a flame spray coating or a solid dielectric material placed in front of the radiating element. The antenna element is typically inserted into a housing that mechanically captures the antenna and provides a ground plane for the antenna. Orifices or passages can be added to the housing to improve high temperature performance and may direct cooling air for cooling the antenna. The high temperature microwave cable is typically inserted into the housing and attached to the antenna radiator to support the communication of electromagnetic signals between the radiator element and a receiver or transmitter device.

Implantable medical devices (IMDs) having sense amplifiers for sensing physiologic signals and parameters, RF telemetry capabilities for uplink transmitting patient data and downlink receiving programming and interrogation commands to and from an external programmer or other medical device are disclosed. At least one IC chip and discrete components have a volume and dimensions that are optimally minimized to reduce its volumetric form factor. Miniaturization techniques include forming notch filters of MEMS structures or forming discrete circuit notch filters by one or more of: (1) IC fabricating inductors into one or more IC chips mounted to the RF module substrate; (2) mounting each IC chip into a well of the RF module substrate and using short bonding wires to electrically connect bond pads of the RF module substrate and the IC chip; and (3) surface mounting discrete capacitors over IC chips to reduce space taken up on the RF module substrate. The IC fabricated inductors are preferably fabricated as planar spiral wound conductive traces formed of high conductive metals to reduce trace height and width while maintaining low resistance, thereby reducing parasitic capacitances between adjacent trace side walls and with a ground plane of the IC chip. The spiral winding preferably is square or rectangular, but having truncated turns to eliminate 90° angles that cause point-to-point parasitic capacitances. The planar spiral wound conductive traces are further preferably suspended over the ground plane of the IC chip substrate by micromachining underlying substrate material away to thereby reduce parasitic capacitances.

An efficient, low-loss, low sidelobe, high dynamic range phased-array radar antenna system is disclosed that uses metamaterials, which are manmade composite materials having a negative index of refraction, to create a biconcave lens architecture (instead of the aforementioned biconvex lens) for focusing the microwaves transmitted by the antenna. Accordingly, the sidelobes of the antenna are reduced. Attenuation across microstrip transmission lines may be reduced by using low loss transmission lines that are suspended above a ground plane a predetermined distance in a way such they are not in contact with a solid substrate. By suspending the microstrip transmission lines in this manner, dielectric signal loss is reduced significantly, thus resulting in a less-attenuated signal at its destination.

An array of phase changing memory cells that includes a current source, a voltage sensor, a plurality of conductive bit lines electrically connected to the current source, a plurality of conductive word lines each electrically connected to a ground plane via a first resistor and to the voltage sensor, and a plurality of memory cells. Each memory cell is connected between one of the bit lines and one of the word lines and includes phase change memory material. One of the memory cells is selected by turning on switches just on the bit line and word line connected thereto, or by turning a switch connected in series between the corresponding bit and word lines, where the read current flows through the selected memory cell and the voltage sensor measures a voltage drop across the selected memory cell.

An antenna assembly includes a common reflector and multiple monopole type antenna elements positioned on a ground plane and fed with a switch assembly. The switch assembly is capable of feeding individual antennas as well as combining multiple antennas for improved radiation pattern coverage. Multiple antenna elements are placed around the common reflector to cover sectors of space around the antenna assembly to provide transmission and reception of radio frequency (RF) signals for mobile communication devices in a wireless network. The ground plane can be grounded or capacitively coupled to an existing circuit board or metal surface, allowing for reduced ground plane dimensions.

Dual-band and multi-band radiating elements are described based on composite right / left-handed (CRLH) meta-material transmission line (TL). These elements can operate as resonators and / or antennas depending on feed-line configuration. The radiating elements are based on the fundamental backward wave supported by a composite right / left-handed (CRLH) meta-material transmission line (TL). Unit-cells of the transmission line comprise conductive patches coupled through vias to a ground plane. The physical size and operational frequencies of the radiating element is determined by the unit cell of the CRLH meta-material. This radiating element is configured for monopolar radiation at a first resonant frequency and patch-like radiation at a second resonant frequency. The first and second resonant frequencies are not constrained to a harmonic relationship.

A low-profile dual-band antenna includes a ground plane. An “E”-shaped metal plate is located a first distance from the ground plane and includes first and second outer extensions and an inner extension of the metal plate. A feed tab connects the inner extension and the ground plane. A shorting tab connects the inner extension and the ground plane. The low-profile dual-band antenna communicates first radio frequency (RF) signals in a first RF band and second RF signals in a second RF band. The first RF signals and the second RF signals are vertical polarized signals. The low-profile dual-band antenna produces a radiation pattern that is omnidirectional in the azimuth plane and vertically polarized in a horizontal plane when communicating the first RF signals and the second RF signals. The first RF band and the second RF band can be independently tuned.

The present invention provides a dielectric resonator antenna comprising: a dielectric resonator; a ground plane, operatively coupled with the dielectric resonator, the ground plane having four slots; and a substrate, operatively coupled to the ground plane, having a feeding network consisting of four microstrip lines; wherein the four slots are constructed and geometrically arranged to ensure proper circular polarization and coupling to the dielectric resonator; and wherein the antenna feeding network combines the four microstrip lines with a 90 degree phase difference to generate circular polarization over a wide frequency band.

An orthogonal electrical coupling relies on electromagnetic coupling for the inner connection, as opposed to direct contact between conductors. A conductor on one of the lines is connected to a ground plane which is adjacent to a resonant slot. Microwave energy is coupled to the slot, thereby exciting the slot. A second conductor is on the opposite side of the ground plane from the first conductor. Microwave energy from the excited resonant slot passes to the second conductor, thereby allowing contactless interconnection between the first conductor and the second conductor. The coupling may emphasize certain modes of propagation relative to other possible modes of propagation. Specifically, the ground plane and slot may be enclosed in a cavity of a size such that the cavity does not support any natural mode propagation inside the cavity. Instead, the coupling may have a cavity in which a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode is propagated.

An antenna assembly includes a common reflector and multiple monopole type antenna elements positioned on a ground plane and fed with a switch assembly. The switch assembly is capable of feeding individual antennas as well as combining multiple antennas for improved radiation pattern coverage. Multiple antenna elements are placed around the common reflector to cover sectors of space around the antenna assembly to provide transmission and reception of radio frequency (RF) signals for mobile communication devices in a wireless network. The ground plane can be grounded or capacitively coupled to an existing circuit board or metal surface, allowing for reduced ground plane dimensions.

A multi-band antenna having a low frequency operating band and a high frequency operating band is provided. The multi-band antenna includes a radiating element, a grounding plane, a short-circuiting element and a short-circuiting regulator. The radiating element has a feed-in point for transmitting signals and several radiation arms. The first and the second radiation arms respectively have a first resonant mode and a second resonant mode which jointly generate a high frequency operating band, while the third radiation arm has a third resonant mode which generates a low frequency operating band. The grounding plane is connected to the radiating element via the short-circuiting element to miniaturize the scale of the antenna. The short-circuiting regulator of the grounding plane enhances the impedance matching when high frequency resonance occurs.

A composite interposer for providing power and signal connections between an integrated circuit chip or chips and a substrate. The interposer includes a signal core formed from a conductive power / ground plane positioned between two dielectric layers. A method for fabricating a composite interposer comprising disposing a silicon layer on a substrate, and selectively etching the silicon layer down to the substrate to develop silicon openings with a silicon profile, and to expose part of the substrate. Vias are formed through the exposed part of the substrate. The method additionally includes filling the vias and the silicon openings with a filler material (e.g., a high-aspect-ratio-capable photodefinable epoxy polymer) to form filled silicon openings and filled vias, forming first openings through the filled silicon openings and through the filled vias, forming second opening through filler material to expose semiconductor devices on the silicon layer, and interconnecting electrically, through the first openings and through the second openings, the exposed semiconductor devices with pads disposed against a bottom of the substrate.

The present invention relates to a tunable resonating arrangement comprising a resonator apparatus (10), input / output coupling (4) means for coupling electromagnetic energy into / out of the resonator apparatus, and a tuning device (3) for application of a biasing voltage / electric field to the resonator apparatus. The resonator apparatus comprises a first resonator (1) and a second resonator (2). Said first resonator is non-tunable and said second resonator is tunable and comprises a ferroelectric substrate (21). Said first and second resonators are separated by a ground plane (13) which is common for said first and second resonators, and coupling means (5) are provided for providing coupling between said first and second resonators. For tuning of the resonator apparatus, the biasing voltage / electric field is applied to the second resonator (2).

An antenna element suitable for integrated arrays at terahertz frequencies is disclosed. The antenna element comprises an extended spherical (e.g. hemispherical) semiconductor lens, e.g. silicon, antenna fed by a leaky wave waveguide feed. The extended spherical lens comprises a substantially spherical lens adjacent a substantially planar lens extension. A couple of TE / TM leaky wave modes are excited in a resonant cavity formed between a ground plane and the substantially planar lens extension by a waveguide block coupled to the ground plane. Due to these modes, the primary feed radiates inside the lens with a directive pattern that illuminates a small sector of the lens. The antenna structure is compatible with known semiconductor fabrication technology and enables production of large format imaging arrays.

A MMIC having: a substrate; a plurality of active and passive electrical elements disposed on a top surface of the substrate; a plurality of coplanar waveguide transmission line sections disposed on the top surface of the substrate for electrically interconnecting the active and passive electrical elements; an electrical conductor disposed on a bottom surface of the substrate under the coplanar waveguide section. Edges of ground plane conductors of the coplanar waveguide (CPW) sections have slots therein in regions thereof connected to the active and passive devices. The design of such circuit includes mathematical models of the CPW with the pair of local ground planes and the strip conductor thereof have relatively narrow connectable ports.

A phase shifter comprises a substrate, a ground plane formed on a first surface of the substrate, a support structure positioned on a second surface of the substrate opposite the first surface, three parallel, non-co-planar microstrip lines supported by the support structure above the second surface of the substrate, a ferrite element supported by the support structure between the second surface of the substrate and the three non-co-planar microstrip lines, and means for applying a magnetic field to the ferrite element.

Single feed planar inverted-F antennas (PIFAs) are provided for three, four or five frequency bands of resonance in both cellular and non-cellular frequency bands. The PIFAs include a dielectric carriage having a metal radiating element located on a top surface thereof and sidewalls having a metal ground plane element located at the bottom of the sidewalls. The non-radiating edge of the radiating elements include a downward extending shorting strip that is connected to the ground plane element and a downward extending feed strip that is spaced above the ground plane element and is connected to a feed cable. The radiating element includes downward extending matching and loading plates whose free ends are spaced above the ground plane element, which provide impedance matching and reactive loading to the radiating elements. Configurations of slots (open and closed) within the radiating elements selectively provide multiple frequency resonance to the radiating elements in both cellular and non-cellular frequency bands.

An apparatus based on composite right-handed or left-handed (CRLH) principles to provide a transmission line or antenna structure having a plurality of cells to which one or more feed ports are attached. The apparatus is based on an equivalent circuit Right-Hand (RH) series induction (LR) and shunt capacitor (CR), and Left-Hand (LH) series capacitor (CL) and induction (LL), in which effective permittivity (e) and permeability (m) of the structure are manipulated by the choice of CR, LR, CL, and LL. One embodiment describes mushroom antenna cells (1D or 2D array) in which vias extend up from a feed network on a ground plane through at least one dielectric region to each of a first plurality of conductive elements (plates or strips). Optionally, a second plurality of conductive elements are disposed between first and second dielectric layers to form metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors to lower resonance frequency.

A three-band, two-antenna, assembly includes a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) having a radiating / receiving element that is spaced from and extends generally parallel to a ground plane element. The planar radiating / receiving element of an inverted-F antenna (IFA) is located in an open space that exists between the radiating / receiving element of the PIFA and the ground plane element. The radiating / receiving element of the IFA extends either perpendicular to, or parallel to, the radiating / receiving element of the PIFA. The radiating / receiving element of the PIFA includes one or more open slot configurations that operate to provide dual resonant frequencies for the IPFA (AMPS / PCS or GSM / DCS). The radiating / receiving element of the IFA operates in a non-cellular frequency band (ISM or GPS).

A high volume aerodynamic golf club head with a club head volume of at least 400 cc and a front-to-back dimension of at least 4.4 inches producing a face-on normalized aerodynamic drag force of less than 1.5 lbf when exposed to a 100 mph wind parallel to the ground plane and oriented at the front of the club head. The club head has a crown section having a crown apex located an apex height above a ground plane, wherein a portion of the crown section between the crown apex and the face has an apex-to-front radius of curvature that is less than 3 inches. An apex ratio of the apex height to a maximum face top edge height is at least 1.13. The apex height and location of the crown apex obtain desirable airflow reattachment close to the face and improve airflow attachment to the crown section.