3703 results about "Loop control" patented technology

A condition of impaired speed and torque control of a parallel electrically variable transmission due to factors beyond nominal modeling and estimation errors is diagnosed under low speed operation. The transmission includes at least one electric machine and a motor torque controller for regulating the transmission input speed and output torque. The motor torque controller includes an open-loop control path based on predetermined torques and accelerations and a closed loop control path based on input speed error. The presence of a larger than expected closed-loop correction magnitude, combined with low output speed and one or more other conditions is used to diagnose a condition of potential torque error, in which case the transmission control is altered to prevent unwanted operation.

A process control system integrates the collection and analysis of process control data used to perform certain computationally expensive process control functions, like adaptive model generation and tuning parameter generation, in the same control device in which one or more of the process control routines are implemented, to thereby provide for faster and more efficient support of the process control routines. This system replaces a layered approach using multiple processing devices by integrating an analytical server which performs computationally expensive analyses used by one or more control routines directly into the real-time control device in which the one or more control routines are located. This integration provides the ability to analyze large quantities of data for multiple process loops controlled by a particular device in a fast and efficient manner.

A transmitter includes multiple transmit antennas, a conversion unit configured to generate multiple signal sequences corresponding to a predefined frequency bandwidth from one or more transmission streams associated with any of the transmit antennas, a precoding unit configured to weight the signal sequences with a precoding matrix selected from a codebook including multiple predefined precoding matrices, and a transmitting unit configured to convert an output signal from the precoding unit into a number of signals corresponding to the number of transmit antennas and transmit the converted signals from the transmit antennas. The precoding unit applies distinct precoding matrices to different signal sequences, and an association between the distinct precoding matrices and the different signal sequences is determined through open-loop control being independent of a feedback from a receiver.

An RF generating system operates with high efficiency to supply RF output power to a plasma load. The RF generating system is capable of modulating the RF output power at frequencies up to the frequency of the RF output power while maintaining high efficiency operation. Broadband frequency modulation of the RF output power suppresses instabilities thereby minimizing unstable behavior of the plasma load.

A low-cost sine-wave drive for a 3-phase permanent magnet synchronous AC machines (PMSM) in open-loop control is based on the measurements of two linear Hall sensors. The two Hall sensors are excited by a magnetic ring with the same pole number as the PMSM rotor magnet and sinusoidal flux distributions. The output signals of the Hall sensors are unified through a two-phase-type phase-lock-loop in order to reduce the impact of the sensor mounting non-uniformity during mass production. The peak torque and speed of motor is simply controlled by adjusting the amplitude of pulse-width-modulation carrier. Smooth torque control is achieved due to sinusoidal 3-phase currents. Such a simple sine-wave drive can be achieved with or without the assistance of a micro-controller unit (MCU). No current sensor is required for the motor phase current detection. This motor can be used in industrial applications where there is no strict requirement on torque response and constant speed control of PMSM machines.

A system architecture for closed loop control of infusion devices is described. The architecture provides means to control the flow from an infusion device as well as in some embodiments the pressure of the delivery. A variety of infusion systems are described that use the closed loop control architecture. In some embodiments the closed loop control may be adapted to current commonly used infusion means such as a gravity feed intravenous system. Other embodiments describe infusion pump system that use biasing or drive mechanisms of springs, elastomers, rotary and linear motors.

A vertical support rigidly mounted to a planar base positions and supports a cryocooler expander unit off axis and away from a sample to be examined. The sample support is likewise rigidly mounted to the planar base with a rigidly mounted sample housing therein. The cryocooler expander unit is suspended in the vertical support by spring dampening bearings. A pair of opposing flexible vacuum bellows connects the cryocooler expander unit to the sample housing and vertical support. This configuration isolates the sample from vibration. Flexible thermal links associated with an predictive electronic closed loop control sequence maintains sample temperature.

The invention discloses a current-magnitude-based open-circuit failure online-diagnosis method for a power tube of an inverter, belongs to the field of motor control, and aims to solve the problem of poor robustness of a current-magnitude-based open-circuit failure diagnosis technology for the power tube of the inverter. The method comprises the following steps of establishing a current observer model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor driving system in a failure-free state, comparing an observed current value with detection current to obtain a three-phase current residual, converting the three-phase current residual to a two-phase coordinate system in a coordinate conversion way to obtain a current residual vector, standardizing the current residual vector, and diagnosing and positioning an open-circuit failure of the power tube of the inverter according to the amplitude and the phase of the standardized current residual vector. The current-magnitude-based open-circuit failure online-diagnosis method for the power tube of the inverter is free of influence of a system closed-loop control algorithm and insensitive to loads, and has higher robustness to parameter errors, measurement errors, system disturbance and the like.

The invention discloses a rail transportation train automatic monitoring system based on communication, which comprises on-board equipment and a ground automatic monitoring system. The on-board equipment arranged on the train is used for collecting train information and sending to the ground automatic monitoring system through a wireless network, and is also used for receiving and executing dispatching commands sent by the ground automatic monitoring system. The ground automatic monitoring system is used for receiving the train information from the on-board equipment, interlocking calculating according to the train information to generate dispatching commands and sending the commands to the on-board equipment through the wireless network. The invention realizes the closed loop control to the train through the train-ground bidirectional information transmission, greatly lowers the effect of human error, and raises the system reliability; ATS system real-timely knows various operation parameters of the train such as the position, the speed, etc. thereby improving the operation efficiency and the automation of the system; moving block is realized through wireless communication, thereby facilitating the improvement of traffic density; and the train can timely respond the dispatching and the adjusting commands of the ATS system.

An internal combustion engine defined as having an engine block for internal combustion, a high-pressure turbocharger for delivering pressurized intake air to the engine block, a low-pressure turbocharger for delivering pressurized intake air to the high-pressure turbocharger, a turbogenerator for recovering heat energy from the exhaust gas downstream of the low-pressure turbocharger to generate electricity, and an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system comprising an EGR-pump drawing exhaust gas from an EGR inlet located between the low-pressure and high-pressure turbocharger turbines, wherein the EGR-pump controllably delivers exhaust gas to an EGR mixer in the pressurized intake air stream at a location between the low-pressure and high-pressure turbocharger compressors. An electronic control unit (ECU) is adapted to command the EGR-pump to deliver a desired EGR flow-rate to the engine block based on look-up tables and either open-loop and/or closed-loop control algorithms.

The invention relates to a multi-objective coordination-typed self-adaptive cruise control method for a vehicle, comprising the following steps: 1) according to the detail requirements of the multi-objective coordination-typed self-adaptive cruise control for a vehicle, the performance indicators and I/O restriction of MTC ACC are designed, and multi-objective optimization control problem is established; and 2) MTC ACC control law rolling time domain is used for solving the objective optimal control problem, and the optimal open-loop control quantity is used for carrying out feedback and achieving closed-loop control. Based on the steps, the control method comprises the following four parts of contents: 1. the modeling for the longitudinal dynamics of a traction system; 2. the performance indicators of MTC ACC; 3. the I/O restriction design of MTC ACC; and 4. solution by the MTC ACC control law rolling time domain. By constructing multi-objective optimization problem, the control method not only solves the contradiction among the fuel economy, the track performance and the feeling of the driver, moreover, on the same simulation conditions, compared with the LQ ACC control, the control method simultaneously reduces the fuel consumption and vehicle tracking error of the vehicle, and achieves the multi-objective coordinating control function.

The invention discloses a closed loop planar linear motor which includes a stationary stator (or platen) of arbitrary extent, and a moving forcer which is a single rigid body that can move over the planar stator surface on an air bearing with high speed and high precision in two orthogonal translational directions and a small rotation (or combinations thereof). An important distinguishing feature is a monolithic position and orientation sensor based on alternating current (AC) magnetic techniques which is an integral part of the forcer and occupies otherwise unused space in the forcer body. Also incorporated within the forcer is a special electronic processing element which converts weak AC signals from the sensor into usable high precision position and orientation information relative to the stator surface. A unique controller which is part of the closed-loop linear motor acts to combine information from the AC magnetic sensor with input from a user to provide precise, high-performance closed-loop control of the forcer, thereby enabling the forcer to be positioned with sub-micrometer precision and oriented with sub-millidegree precision on the stator surface. Additionally, owing to its closed-loop nature, the forcer can maintain its position and orientation even in the presence of disturbance forces and torques, and can emulate the operation of a mechanical spring and damper.

A lamp control circuit is described, containing a power factor corrector, coupled to it a digitally controlled ballast, having power devices. The digitally controlled ballast is capable of powering a lamp. The ballast is controlled by a current feedback loop, coupled between the power devices and the digitally controlled ballast, and a voltage feedback loop, coupled between the lamp and the digitally controlled ballast. Further, a method of operating a lamp-control circuit is presented, the circuit containing a digital controller, an output stage, a current feedback loop, and a voltage feedback loop. In operation the digital controller receives a current feedback signal or a voltage feedback signal from the output stage and the lamp. In response to the received signal the digital controller generates a digital control signal and powers a lamp through the output stage according to the generated digital control signal.

PCT No. PCT/US96/16332 Sec. 371 Date Feb. 25, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Feb. 25, 1998 PCT Filed Oct. 11, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97/14102 PCT Pub. Date Apr. 17, 1997A synthetic creature (10) in which links (26), representing limbs, are loosely connected by joints (28) to independently interact and implement the physics of everyday life-like actions (18) in a character (16). Elements of mass, positive weight (46), and negative weight (48) are independently handled to mimic the closed-loop control characteristics of real animals. The synthetic creature (10) uses intelligent appearing behaviors (20) built up out of the actions (18) and recursively arranged in a hierarchical behavior tree (72) to cooperate and compete in a run-time computer (202) to give a feeling of autonomy and awareness. Further taught is an authoring environment (200) of tools used to author the character (16), actions (18), and behaviors (20) of the synthetic creature (10), which provide author feedback and simulation testing capability at the various layers (12) of the synthetic creature (10).

Presence/absence of a failure in a feedback control system of a motor is monitored. When a failure is detected in the feedback control system, the motor is driven by switching to an open-loop control. During the open-loop control, the motor is rotated by sequentially switching the motor current supply phase without feeding back encoder count information. The position count is incremented or decremented every time the current supply phase is switched. When the position count has reached a target count, it is determined that the rotor has reached a target position, whereupon the open-loop control is finished.

A marine propulsion and steering system for a vessel having multiple modes of operation, an axial propulsion system, a maneuvering propulsion system and a maneuvering control system including a pilot controllable joystick for generating propulsion and maneuvering control inputs representing vessel motions desired by a pilot. An input loop is responsive to the joystick control inputs to generate maneuvering commands representing the magnitudes and directions of motions of the vessel desired by the pilot and the actuator loop controller is responsive to the maneuvering commands from the input loop to generate corresponding vessel control commands to the vessel propulsion and maneuvering systems.

The invention provides methods and apparatus for carrying out multiple amplification reactions in a single reaction chamber by successive cycles of loading reaction mixture, amplifying, and removing spent reaction mixture in a fluidly closed reaction system. In particular, the present invention allows amplification of a plurality of target polynucleotides from a single sample by carrying out under closed-loop control successive amplifications of different target polynucleotides from different portions of the sample.

The invention relates to a method for controlling the steering angle β of the guiding wheels of a vehicle (1) consisting of a tow truck (2) and a trailer (8) hinged with respect thereto. The inventive method makes it possible to produce an instruction β₀ usable by an actuator acting on the steering angle β. The inventive method used during a reverse running consists in selecting a target point (C), which the vehicle path should pass through, in determining the instruction for an angle θ_c between the axes of the truck and trailer according to said target point (C) and the vehicle geometry and in controlling the steering angle β of the guiding wheels according to a close-loop control for slacking the measured steering angle ? between the truck and trailer axes towards the instruction value of the angle θ_c.

A method of modeling multiple material parts for additive manufacturing processes such direct metal deposition operates within the constraints of a single material CAD system. Each material is modeled separately as a single or multiple solid part, under the assumption that there are no internal multiple materials; that is, no voids for other material parts. The parts are ordered from the outer most geometry to the innermost geometry and Boolean operations are performed to calculate the final volume for each part. In use of the invention, should any design changes occur, only the parts as originally defined need to be modified, and the method is reapplied. The method is applicable to the generation of CAM cutting paths for 2½-D and 3-D geometries by pocket machining with spiral-in, spiral-out, and arbitrary direction raster tool paths using stock material with and without reflection, depending upon the geometry. Single- and multi-material files may be merged one toolpath file, and commands may be embedded for closed- or open-loop control of the fabrication process.

In a wind turbine, an open loop control algorithm for incrementally or positively adjusting the pitch angles of individual rotor blades may be used to increase spacing between the base of the turbine tower and an approaching blade tip. As each rotating blade passes in front of the tower base, a minimum clearance distance may be assured to avoid blade tip strikes of the base. In accordance with at least one embodiment of the control algorithm, as each blade approaches the tower base, it may be feathered to reduce its power loading, and to facilitate increased clearance beyond the normal unloading or feathering produced by the so-called tower shadow effect. To offset resultant loss of torque, the remaining blades may be correspondingly pitched toward power, i.e. into the wind, to balance and/or smooth out the overall rotor torque curve, and thus to avoid torque ripples.

A stepping motor is driven in both closed-loop and open-loop modes while initiating microstepping after a predetermined threshold velocity has been reached. A feedback device such as an encoder is mounted on the stepping motor shaft and the encoder keeps track of the mechanical position of the rotor. Based on feedback from the encoder, stator phases are activated to maintain a 90° phase advance and produce maximum torque. A lead angle compensation technique is used to advance the motor lead angle, to allow for the excitation currents to reach maximum even at higher speeds. The stepping motor controller employs this strategy in order to produce maximum torque across a wide range of motor speeds and actuator motions.

A control method and a control system of tension in the process of rolling periodic variable-thickness strips belong to the technical field of rolling. The method comprises the following steps: dividing segments on the rolled pieces, setting front and back tension values in each zone, realizing tension open-loop control and tension closed-loop control based on maximum torque limit and adding a dynamic torque compensation link and a mechanical friction torque compensation link; controlling torques of an uncoiler and a coiling machine motor and setting speed. The system comprises a rolling mill; coiling machines are arranged at both sides of the rolling mill respectively; length-measuring rollers are arranged between the coiling machines and the rolling mill; thickness gauges are arranged at both sides of the rolling mill respectively; coil diameter gauges are arranged on the coiling machines; a rolling force sensor and a hydraulic cylinder are arranged on the rolling mill; tensiometers are arranged below the length-measuring rollers and pulse coders are arranged on the length-measuring rollers; the thickness gauge, the coil diameter gauge, the rolling force sensor, a displacement sensor of the hydraulic cylinder, the tensiometer and the pulse coder are respectively connected with a computer control system.

The invention discloses a critical care, transfusion control, and diagnosis and treatment integrated system and a control method thereof. The system comprises a transfusion device, a transfusion care base station, a central monitoring server and a medical PDA, wherein the transfusion care base station forms a transfusion scheme and performs open-loop control on the transfusion device by a wireless or wire mode, or adjusts transfusion parameters according to a corresponding closed-loop algorithm by monitoring and analyzing physiological parameters of patients during the transfusion execution, and performs closed-loop control on the transfusion device by the wireless or wire mode; the central monitoring server is connected with the transfusion care base station by the wireless or wire mode and monitors the operating state of the transfusion care base station; and the medical PDA is connected with the transfusion care base station and/or the central monitoring server by the wireless mode and is used for displaying transfusion condition and managing transfusion process. The system organically combines a treatment means (venous transfusion) and the effect of the treatment means (the monitoring of the physiological parameters) into one system, thereby realizing the closed-loop control of one or more transfusion devices, and improving medical quality and work efficiency of medical personnel.

A system and method for inter-cell power control for interference management in an OFDM system is provided. The system provides for a combination use of open loop and closed loop PSD control algorithms. The open loop control is a function of path loss from the serving cell as well as the neighboring cells. The closed loop control updates the end node transmit PSD by listening to the load indicators from the serving cell and at least one other neighboring non-serving cell which generates the highest level of interference. The system thus provides a fast and tight control with multi-cell information that allows improved inter-cell interference control.

The invention relates to a position/force hybrid control method for a space manipulator, which is a double-loop control method combining a Cartesian space and a joint space. Compared with a conventional control method on the basis of an integral model, which has the problems of oscillation of the transition process and algorithm complexity, the position/force hybrid control method for the space manipulator has the advantages that the position/force hybrid control problem is decomposed into the planning problem of the Cartesian space and the control problem of the joint space; a position/force kinematic plan from the Cartesian space to the joint space and kinematic control of the joint space are given out; an internal and external loop control system is formed; and position control on a free space at the tail end of the manipulator and contact force control in a space restrained by the environment are implemented. A simulation result for a SDOF ( Seven Degrees of Freedom) redundant manipulator proves that the method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, is effective and is easy for engineering realization.

A transmitter includes a power amplifier which is capable of both linear and non-linear operation, controlled by first and second control loops. A power controller includes a capacitive component, and controls the gain of the power amplifier. A ramp generation circuit provides a control signal to the power controller. It includes a ROM which stores ramp data values based on samples of a predetermined ramp shape. The ramp shape is based on a generally regular profile C, for example a cos² or cos⁴ function. The ramp shape also includes a boost portion BP, which enhances the ramp data values before the beginning of the generally regular profile C. The boost portion BP causes the capacitor in the feedback loop of the relevant control loop to become fully charged more rapidly, which produces a corresponding increase in the output power of the power amplifier shortly after the generally regular profile C is applied. This allows the transmitter to follow the generally regular profile C of the ramp signal at an earlier time when compared with the prior art. The size of the boost portion BP can be adjusted dependent on a detected temperature.

The invention relates to a 3D-coordinated power grid energy management system and a power grid evaluation and control method, which belongs to the field of scheduling automation of power system. The system comprises a power grid model reconstruction sub-system, a power grid safety evaluation and alarm sub-system, an active frequency optimization control sub-system and a passive voltage optimization control sub-system, and a background calculation sub-system and a system foreground. The method comprises following steps: tracking isoline of an external power grid and automatically reconstructing a global power grid model; automatically executing online safety analysis integrated with static power grid, dynamic power grid, voltage stabilization, coordination of relay protection setting values, etc., and online recognizing the safety state of the power grid; alarming for normal unsafe condition, and carrying out prevention control; alarming for emergent conditions, and carrying out correction control calculation; and carrying out realtime active scheduling closed-loop control and passive voltage optimized closed-loop control under normal safety condition. The invention can achieve comprehensive and coordinated closed-loop control for the safety of the power grid, the economy and the electric energy quality.

The invention provides an automatic control system of an efficient handing operation of a container crane, and relates to the technical field of operation and production of container cranes. The machine vision and image recognition location technology is used to locate the relative position of a container and a lifting appliance, an image processing result is transmitted to a crane control system, a bar code location system is mounted near a crane cart track and a crane trolley track to accurately locate the position of the lifting appliance of the crane, then a position closed loop feedback control system is formed, and therefore an image recognition location method and an image recognition location device of the container crane are achieved, a lifting appliance movement closed loop control method of the container crane is achieved, and an automatic container grabbing method and an container grabbing device of the lifting appliance of the crane are achieved.

The invention discloses an optimal energy-saving method for controlling the surface pollutant discharge of a steam boiler. The method comprises the steps of firstly controlling the flow of pollutant discharge according to the steam flow proportionally, and continuously diluting water in the steam boiler as required; on this basis, configuring a conductivity close loop control circuit to prevent the influences, such as water supply salinity fluctuation, flow rate measurement error, boiler bottom periodic pollutant discharge and the like, and coupling the both by an addition logic unit so as to form a feedforward-feedback complex control system. The invention can prevent various interferences, stably keep the salinity of the water in the steam boiler above the desired level, and realize the optimal energy-saving and emission-reducing effects by the least pollutant discharge amount.

The invention discloses a multiple inspection robot cooperative operation method for a substation sequence control system. When the closed-loop control and the state visualization of the intelligent substation sequence control system are implemented, the executing and checking time of the sequence control system can be effectively saved by adopting the method. The invention provides the multiple inspection robot cooperative operation method which comprises the following steps: modeling by adopting a topological method on the basis of the substation environment, forming a topological network chart and a communication relation matrix according to walking routes of inspection robots, and carrying out search and traversal of paths to output a discharge matrix and a shortest path matrix; in the single-step sequence control process, determining a shortest communication path sequence of each inspection robot from a current position to a target point according to the distance matrix and the shortest path matrix; carrying out excellence selection of single-step sequence control, i.e. selecting the inspection robot with the optimal performance under the condition of considering comprehensive indexes of journey, time, safety and maneuverability; determining an operation path sequence of each inspection robot and a corresponding activation event; and carrying out on-line monitoring, wherein if the environment is changed, the on-line monitoring takes charge of debugging and recovering operation.