207 results about "Hydrogen concentration" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline safety, and discloses a hydrogen-doped pipeline hydrogen damage grading evaluation method based on fracture mechanics. Comprising the following steps: acquiring initial pipeline state data by establishing a hydrogen-doped pipeline digital twin model; then introducing a hydrogen concentration dependency term to correct the J integral expression, and performing stress analysis based on the J integral expression; generating a material toughness attenuation curve based on a stress analysis result; hydrogen diffusion and accumulation rate parameters are obtained based on a material toughness attenuation curve; predicting a damage development track in combination with real-time operation data; establishing a grading standard system of dynamic response based on the model for risk assessment; and finally, real-time monitoring and scientific grading of the hydrogen damage of the hydrogen-doped pipeline are realized. According to the invention, comprehensive dynamic evaluation of hydrogen damage of the hydrogen-doped pipeline is realized, and scientific decision support is provided for safe operation of the pipeline.

The invention discloses a hydrogen diffusion evaluation method and device for an irregular corrosion defect pipeline, equipment and a medium, and relates to the technical field of oil and gas pipeline safety, a stress field calculation result of the irregular corrosion defect pipeline is obtained, the stress field calculation result is coupled with a hydrogen diffusion field, and a hydrogen diffusion model is established; generating a hydrogen concentration distribution cloud picture based on the hydrogen diffusion model, and analyzing the hydrogen concentration distribution cloud picture to obtain an association relationship between the hydrogen diffusion behavior and hydrostatic stress distribution; based on the incidence relation, hydrogen concentration distribution change curves under irregular defect shapes, regular and irregular defect shapes, corrosion defect lengths and corrosion defect depths of different morphologies are determined respectively; hydrogen diffusion evaluation is carried out on the irregular corrosion defect pipeline based on the hydrogen concentration distribution change curve, the problem that the diffusion behavior and the concentration distribution rule of hydrogen in a real defect area are difficult to accurately reflect is solved, the accuracy and reliability of hydrogen diffusion evaluation of the irregular corrosion defect pipeline are improved, and the safety of pipeline operation is improved.

A method for modifying an insulating film is provided. The method includes a first step of preparing an insulating film containing hydrogen, and a second step of performing microwave treatment on the insulating film to release the hydrogen in the insulating film as water molecules, so that a hydrogen concentration in the insulating film is reduced. Note that the microwave treatment is preferably performed using an oxygen gas and an argon gas at a temperature range of higher than or equal to 200° C. and lower than or equal to 300° C., and the proportion of the flow rate of the oxygen gas to the total of the flow rate of the oxygen gas and the flow rate of the argon gas is preferably greater than 0% and less than or equal to 50%.

The invention relates to a hydrogen refueling station inspection robot hydrogen leakage degree quantification method, belongs to the technical field of gas leakage detection, and solves the problems that existing hydrogen leakage quantification is poor in real-time performance and inaccurate in quantification result. The method comprises the steps that when the inspection robot detects that the hydrogen volume fraction exceeds a preset threshold value, a current position serves as an initial point position, and moving and sampling are carried out multiple times in the determined hydrogen leakage source direction; based on the sampling data of each point location, constructing a corresponding local hydrogen concentration field and determining the position of a hydrogen leakage source; based on the local hydrogen concentration field closest to the hydrogen leakage source, hydrogen leakage degree quantification parameters are obtained; obtaining a hydrogen leakage degree quantized value based on the hydrogen leakage degree quantized parameter; and obtaining a hydrogen leakage risk level based on the hydrogen leakage degree quantized value and a preset leakage risk level threshold interval.

The invention provides a control method and device of an alkaline electrolyzed water system, an MPC controller optimizes hydrogen flow and auxiliary power supply power in real time through a prediction model in each control period to obtain an optimal control sequence of the current control period, and based on a first control parameter in the optimal control sequence, a second control parameter in the current control period is obtained; and cooperatively regulating the hydrogen-oxygen side pressure difference of the alkaline electrolyzed water system to a target value, and meanwhile, controlling the hydrogen concentration in oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzed water system within a safety threshold value. According to the scheme, the input is controlled based on rolling optimization of the multivariable dynamic prediction model, the dual targets of pressure difference stabilization and inhibition of the hydrogen content in oxygen are achieved, the technical problem that dynamic balance and the HTO risk are difficult to consider in traditional single parameter adjustment is solved, and the hydrogen production efficiency and safety are remarkably improved in the scene of wind and light fluctuation.

The invention discloses a compact tensile sample dynamic hydrogen charging test device and a test method. The compact tensile sample dynamic hydrogen charging test device comprises an electrochemical hydrogen charging device, a liquid carrying table, a compact tensile sample and a clamp, a CT sample penetrates through the liquid carrying table through the clamp and is fixed, and the electrochemical hydrogen charging device is connected with the liquid carrying table; and the whole CT sample and the clamp head are positioned in the columnar container and are immersed in the electrolyte of the columnar container. The problems of potential safety hazards, limited hydrogen filling content and hydrogen escape during hydrogen filling of the CT sample are solved; electrochemical hydrogen charging can be carried out while a fracture toughness test or a fatigue test is carried out, so that hydrogen overflow caused from hydrogen pre-charging to an experiment is effectively avoided, and potential safety hazards of experiment problems caused by a conventional hydrogen pre-charging experiment are also avoided; any hydrogen charging current density can be taken, after the surface area of a sample is measured, the hydrogen flux in the experiment process can be strictly controlled by adjusting the current of the direct-current power supply, the gradient hydrogen concentration is obtained by controlling the current and the hydrogen charging time, research is facilitated, and experiment parameters are accurate.

The invention discloses a hydrogen concentration measurement method based on a multi-mode sensor, and relates to the technical field of gas detection and industrial process safety monitoring. Hydrogen sensors based on different physical principles are introduced in the same measurement link, and environmental variables such as temperature, humidity, pressure and the like and sensor output are collected together; a multi-dimensional feature is formed after normalization and time alignment, and then fusion is performed by using a weight adaptive to the change of an environment, so that instantaneous errors generated by a single sensor due to temperature drift, wet drift or pressure fluctuation are shared or suppressed, and the stability and repeatability of a fusion result are improved; furthermore, a cross sensitivity compensation module arranged before fusion identifies response differences between hydrogen and interference components such as carbon monoxide and methane by using a machine learning model obtained by training under a multi-gas mixing working condition, and the probability of false signals and false alarms caused by coexisting gas is reduced on the premise that a special detection channel is not added.

The invention discloses a hydrogen brittleness performance evaluation method for a hydrogen transport pipeline, which comprises the following steps: obtaining the average hydrogen concentration in a sample through a high-pressure hydrogen permeation test of a wafer sample, and obtaining the hydrogen concentration and hydrogen diffusion coefficient of the surface of the sample under a specific electrochemical hydrogen charging condition through an electrochemical hydrogen charging test of the wafer sample; a finite element analysis model of a target sample is established to simulate the change relation of the total amount of hydrogen atoms in the target sample along with time under the electrochemical hydrogen charging condition, and the electrochemical hydrogen charging time equivalent to the high-pressure gaseous hydrogen charging is obtained by comparing the high-pressure gaseous hydrogen charging with the electrochemical hydrogen charging. The target sample is charged with hydrogen through an electrochemical hydrogen charging method, and finally the hydrogen embrittlement performance of the target sample is obtained through a hydrogen embrittlement performance test. According to the method, simple finite element simulation and electrochemical hydrogen charging are combined, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen charging which is complex, low in efficiency and high in danger is replaced, and the detection time of the hydrogen embrittlement performance test of the hydrogen charging pipe is shortened.

A method for determining the hydrogen concentration (CH2) in an anode (6) of at least one fuel cell (4) comprises: (A) repeatedly measuring the electric current (i) output by the at least one fuel cell (4) and providing a plurality of current measurement values (i(t)); (B) repeatedly measuring the hydrogen concentration (kH2) in a gas mixture (26, 28) which flows out of a purge valve (20) which is arranged at an outlet (9) of the at least one fuel cell (20), and providing a plurality of hydrogen concentration measurement values (kH2(t)); (C) calculating relative current measurement values (irel(t)) from the measured current measurement values (i(t)) and calculating relative hydrogen concentration measurement values (krel(t)) from the measured hydrogen concentration measurement values (kH2(t)); (D) determining scaled current measurement values (iscal(t)) by multiplying the relative current measurement values (irel(t)) by a current scaling factor (gi) and determining scaled hydrogen concentration measurement values (kscal(t)) by multiplying the relative hydrogen concentration measurement values (krel(t)) by a hydrogen concentration scaling factor (gH2); (E) forming difference values (diff(t)) from the scaled current measurement values (iscal(t)) and the scaled hydrogen concentration measurement values (kscal(t)); (F) integrating or summing the difference values (diff(t)) over time (t); and (G) adding a bias value (GH2) to the integral D(T) or to the sum D(T) of the difference values (diff(t)).

A process for producing amines by reductive amination, the process includes introducing a feed stream, the feed stream comprising an amino alcohol and a reducing agent, and hydrogen in a reaction zone of a reactor, and contacting the feed stream with a catalyst in the reaction zone. A hydrogen flow rate into the reaction zone is adjusted, and a product stream comprising ethyleneamines is extracted. The catalyst includes a carrier component selected from alumina, silica, and combinations thereof; and an active component having a first metal, a second metal, and a third metal. The first metal is selected from cobalt, nickel, and copper, the second metal is selected from rhenium, ruthenium, chromium, zinc, sodium, calcium, magnesium, strontium, lithium, potassium, barium, cesium, lanthanum, tungsten, iron, silver, titanium, manganese, aluminum, rhodium, platinum, palladium, iridium, and combinations thereof, and the third metal is niobium.

A controller, process, and glass manufacturing apparatus can be configured to minimize defects. Embodiments can be adapted to control injection of nitrogen and / or argon and a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen or nitrogen, hydrogen, and argon during glass float manufacturing to facilitate a pre-selected hydrogen concentration within a tin bath furnace while also minimizing glass surface defects that can be caused from tin condensation and tin bath impurity concentrations. Empirical use data can also be collected and provided to a pre-defined machine learning element of a host device to update a pre-defined control scheme of a controller for adapting the operational condition set points or other target values to account for furnace operation history and performance.

The invention discloses a detection device and a detection method for hydrogen concentration in hydrogen-doped natural gas, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen-doped natural gas analys.The detection device comprises a ten-way valve, two quantitative pipes, a gas carrying pipe and a sample feeding pipe; the ten-way valve is connected with a first quantitative pipe; the ten-way valve is connected with the first analytical column and the second analytical column, and the second analytical column is connected with the thermal conductivity detector; carrier gas is introduced into the carrier gas pipe, and is used for carrying sample gas to the first analysis column and the second analysis column; the device further comprises a six-way valve, the six-way valve is connected with the second quantitative tube, the six-way valve is connected with the first analytical column, the sample introduction tube is connected with the six-way valve, sample gas enters the two quantitative tubes through the sample introduction tube, the six-way valve and the ten-way valve can achieve switching between a first state and a second state, and the quantitative tubes do not need to be replaced when high-concentration hydrogen and low-concentration hydrogen are detected. According to the detection method, the detection device is used for detection, and high-concentration hydrogen and low-concentration hydrogen can be detected.

Embodiments of the present application are suitable for the hydrogen technology field, and provide a hydrogen early warning method and device, a terminal equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises: acquiring a plurality of historical hydrogen concentrations when a preset monitoring area is detected in a target time period; generating a change curve of the hydrogen concentration according to each historical hydrogen concentration; acquiring an actual hydrogen concentration at a current time; and if it is determined according to the change curve that the actual hydrogen concentration meets a preset early warning condition, generating early warning information. The above method can early warn the monitoring area and reduce the safety risk.

The invention discloses a hydrogen production system safety linkage control method based on multistage hydrogen concentration threshold values. The method comprises the steps that S1, hydrogen concentration detection values of all areas of a hydrogen production system are collected in real time; s2, threshold value judgment: comparing a detection value with a plurality of preset concentration threshold values; s3, executing a corresponding linkage control action according to a comparison result: when a detection value reaches or exceeds a first-level threshold value, triggering a first-level response, and executing alarm starting and accident exhaust; when the detection value reaches or exceeds a second-level threshold value, triggering a second-level response, executing the action of the first-level response, and additionally cutting off a hydrogen valve in an associated area; when the detection value reaches or exceeds a third-level threshold value, third-level response is triggered, the action of second-level response is executed, and emergency shutdown of the starting system is increased; according to the method, early warning, hierarchical control and emergency protection of the hydrogen leakage risk are achieved, and unnecessary interference on production is reduced on the premise that safety is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a palladium alloy film hydrogen sensor and a hydrogen detection system and method.The sensor comprises a substrate, the substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, the first surface is provided with a first hydrogen-sensitive film responding to the hydrogen concentration within a first detection range, and the second surface is provided with a second hydrogen-sensitive film responding to the hydrogen concentration within a second detection range; a second hydrogen-sensitive film which responds to the hydrogen concentration in a second detection range is arranged on the second surface, and the material components and / or microstructures of the first hydrogen-sensitive film and the second hydrogen-sensitive film are different; a temperature measuring element for measuring temperature and a heating element for heating are also arranged on the substrate; wherein the lower limit value of the first detection range is larger than the lower limit value of the second detection range and smaller than or equal to the upper limit value of the second detection range, and the upper limit value of the first detection range is larger than the upper limit value of the second detection range. According to the invention, the problems of complex design, large size, high power consumption, high cost and large error of an existing dual-sensing system are solved through integrated double-sided design of high and low measuring ranges and shared temperature compensation.

The invention relates to a hydrogen leakage detection method and device, a medium, equipment and a vehicle, and the method comprises the steps: collecting a first hydrogen concentration in the vehicle according to a first sampling period, and determining a plurality of first concentration differences according to the collected first hydrogen concentrations, and determining a first quantity of the first concentration positive values and a second quantity of the first concentration negative values in the plurality of first concentration difference values, and determining that hydrogen leakage exists in the vehicle according to the first quantity and the second quantity. In this way, the first hydrogen concentration in the vehicle is collected according to the first sampling period to determine multiple concentration differences, and it is determined that hydrogen leakage exists in the vehicle according to the first number of the first concentration positive values and the second number of the first concentration negative values in the multiple first concentration difference values. The hydrogen leakage of the vehicle can be found in time at the initial stage of slow hydrogen leakage, so that the reliability and accuracy of detecting the hydrogen leakage of the vehicle can be effectively improved.

Tin tetrachloride pentahydrate, zinc nitrate hexahydrate and dimethylimidazole are used as raw materials, methanol is used as a solvent, and the tin-zinc bimetallic oxide, which is named Sn-Zn-O for short, is obtained through stirring, centrifugal drying and calcining; the material is an n-type semiconductor, and the chemical composition of the material is SnO2 and ZnO. The microstructure of Sn-Zn-O is a nano microsphere, and the particle size range of the Sn-Zn-O is 100-250 nm. The invention relates to a preparation method of a hydrogen sensor based on Sn-Zn-O, namely when the Sn-Zn-O is used as the hydrogen sensor, the optimal working temperature is 180 DEG C, the response value is 112 when the hydrogen concentration is 1000 ppm, the response time is 1.29 s, and the recovery time is 147 s. When the hydrogen concentration range is 0.1-2000ppm, the hydrogen sensor has different responses to hydrogen with different concentrations, and the lowest hydrogen concentration is detected to be 0.1 ppm.

The present application relates to a kind of hydrogen leakage safety boundary visualization method and system, belong to new energy technology field.First, the same hydrogen leakage process is carried out using hydrogen leakage experimental device and numerical simulation, data fusion is carried out to the measured hydrogen concentration and simulated hydrogen concentration, and fusion concentration is obtained, then contour curve boundary is randomly taken point until the position of the point is equal to 4%, the position of the point is marked as calibration position, the average gray value is obtained by doing time average processing to the gray value of calibration position, finally, all the pixel points with average gray value in hydrogen leakage gray scale image are marked, and the visual boundary of 4% hydrogen concentration is obtained.The present application uses the strategy of data fusion to improve the accuracy of calibration hydrogen leakage safety boundary profile.

The application provides a hydrogen production system and a control method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the hydrogen-oxygen concentration of the hydrogen production system during normal operation of the hydrogen production system, wherein the hydrogen-oxygen concentration comprises the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen; when the oxygen concentration in hydrogen exceeds the standard and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen does not meet the standard, controlling the hydrogen production system to switch from the current working mode to an idle mode; controlling the hydrogen production system to switch from the idle mode to a shutdown mode according to the running time of the hydrogen production system in the idle mode, so as to control the electrolytic cell to shut down; and controlling the voltage of the electrolytic cell after the input electric parameter of the electrolytic cell is reduced to zero. In the scheme, when the oxygen concentration in hydrogen exceeds the standard and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen does not meet the standard, the hydrogen production system is made to enter the idle mode, so that the electrolytic cell is prevented from frequently shutting down, the number of times of shutting down of the electrolytic cell is reduced, the voltage of the electrolytic cell is controlled, the reverse current size and reverse current corrosion are inhibited, and the durability of the electrolytic cell is improved.

The invention relates to a hydrogen stoichiometric ratio measuring method and a fuel cell hydrogen loop control method and system, and aims to directly calculate the hydrogen stoichiometric ratio of a fuel cell in-pile position by acquiring in-pile hydrogen concentration and secondary flow hydrogen concentration, so that the problem of stoichiometric ratio calculation error caused by the fact that gas component change is not considered in a traditional differential pressure method is solved. According to the control method, on the basis of the hydrogen metering ratio measured in real time, when the actual hydrogen metering ratio is smaller than the required hydrogen metering ratio and it is determined that the gas shortage risk exists, the rotating speed of a hydrogen circulating pump is accurately adjusted by calculating the total gas volume flow of a required hydrogen pump and inquiring a Map map of the hydrogen pump, so that hydrogen supply is increased. Meanwhile, closed-loop regulation is carried out in combination with real-time concentration monitoring, and nitrogen removal and hydrogen supplement logic triggered based on concentration threshold grading is set, so that high precision of hydrogen metering and active safety of loop control are realized, and the gas shortage risk caused by nitrogen permeation is effectively avoided.

The invention provides a numerical simulation method for hydrogen permeation of a defective pipeline influenced by corrosion of sulfate reducing bacteria. Comprising the following steps: (1) determining hydrogen permeation key parameters of a pipeline in a sulfate reducing bacteria corrosion environment through a sulfate reducing bacteria corrosion simulation experiment; and (2) constructing a multi-physics field coupling model by utilizing a finite element method, and realizing the numerical simulation of the hydrogen concentration distribution of the defective pipeline under the corrosion influence of the sulfate reducing bacteria through coupling of an electrochemical physics field and a substance transfer physics field. And (3) outputting a hydrogen concentration distribution result of the defect-containing pipeline, and revealing an influence rule of corrosion of the sulfate reducing bacteria on the hydrogen concentration distribution. According to the method, the technical blank of hydrogen permeation numerical simulation of the defect-containing pipeline in a sulfate reducing bacteria corrosion scene is filled, and theoretical support is provided for hydrogen damage evaluation, safety design and protection of the defect-containing pipeline.

The invention discloses a method and system for evaluating the influence of hydrogen content on the fracture performance of a metal material under the stress-strain synergistic effect, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out a hydrogen diffusion and mechanical property coupling experiment, and carrying out an in-situ tensile hydrogen permeation experiment and a compact tensile experiment, and respectively obtaining a rule of hydrogen diffusion parameter co-evolution along with stress-strain and fracture toughness data in different hydrogen-stress-strain coupling states. (2) establishing and verifying a multi-physics field coupling numerical model, constructing a hydrogen diffusion-mechanical coupling model based on a stress driven diffusion and strain proliferation trap theory, and establishing a quantitative correlation function of stress-strain-hydrogen concentration-hydrogen induced crack initiation J integral through experimental data calibration; and (3) carrying out safety assessment on the defective pipeline, establishing an actual pipeline defect model, calculating J integral at the defect and predicted crack initiation J integral of the metal material under the working condition, and carrying out quantitative risk grading by defining a safety margin coefficient, so as to realize early warning and management and control of the hydrogen induced cracking risk.

The application discloses a high-purity hydrogen production safety monitoring method based on intelligent sensing technology, which comprises the following steps: obtaining a plurality of hydrogen concentration data and environmental data based on a detector deployed in a high-purity hydrogen production area; obtaining the composition and concentration of interfering gas in the high-purity hydrogen production area, and determining a plurality of interference factors based on the interference degree of the composition and concentration of interfering gas on the plurality of hydrogen sensors; determining a plurality of environmental compensation factors based on the influence degree of the environmental data on the plurality of hydrogen sensors; fusing the plurality of hydrogen concentration data based on the plurality of interference factors and the plurality of environmental compensation factors respectively to obtain a target hydrogen concentration value; and sending an early warning signal and an early warning instruction to a control terminal if the target hydrogen concentration value exceeds a warning threshold. The application reduces the error of a single sensor, can consider the influence of environmental data on hydrogen concentration and correct it, and improves the accuracy of hydrogen concentration detection.

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage wells, and discloses a hydrogen storage well residual gas recovery structure which comprises a hydrogen storage well body and a buried cement column. According to the residual gas recovery structure of the hydrogen storage well, by arranging the sealing mechanism, when residual gas of the hydrogen storage well needs to be recovered, a buried cement column is placed at the top of the hydrogen storage well body, an exhaust pipe is placed into the hydrogen storage well body along the buried cement column, and then a marble slab is placed on a clamping plate to be clamped; the exhaust pipe is sleeved with the rubber column, the rubber column is matched with the marble slab to form a first seal, then the rock salt layer is formed on the top of the rock salt marble slab through the partition plate, rock salt can well prevent hydrogen leakage, and then the buried cement column is filled with liquid concrete to form a second seal. The hydrogen concentration in the sealing box and the buried cement column is monitored through the hydrogen concentration monitor at the same time, residual hydrogen gas is pumped out through the vacuum pump, and the sealing mechanism can achieve double sealing of a well opening to reduce residual gas leakage and monitor and compare the hydrogen concentration in the well and the hydrogen concentration of the well opening.

This invention provides a hydrogen-rich water cup, comprising a cup body, a base, and a hydrogen delivery tube. The cup body includes an inner wall, an outer wall, micropores, and a catalyst coating. The base includes a hydrogen storage chamber and a gas-liquid mixing component. The inner wall is cup-shaped, forming a receiving space on its inner side. The outer wall is columnar and surrounds the outer side of the inner wall, forming a sandwich space around the inner wall. Micropores are disposed on the inner wall and located between the sandwich space and the receiving space. The catalyst coating is disposed within the sandwich space. The sandwich space is connected to the hydrogen storage chamber via the hydrogen delivery tube. The hydrogen storage chamber is connected to the gas-liquid mixing component, and the gas-liquid mixing component is connected to the receiving space. The advantages of this invention are: it can generate hydrogen-rich water with only light exposure; it is safe and reliable, automatically monitoring the pressure in the hydrogen storage chamber and automatically venting when the pressure is too high; it is convenient to use, and can monitor the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen-rich water in real time.

A semiconductor device may include a gate structure, a channel structure extending through the gate structure, a first hydrogen supply layer disposed on the gate structure, having a first hydrogen concentration, and comprising an oxygen vacancy, and a hydrogen blocking layer disposed on the first hydrogen supply layer and having a second hydrogen concentration lower than the first hydrogen concentration.

This invention proposes an integrated hydrogen detection and elimination device and method, comprising: an environmental detection module for detecting hydrogen concentration; an alarm unit that generates a graded alarm signal when the hydrogen concentration reaches a preset alarm threshold; an intake pump for drawing in ambient gas; a filtration module for purifying the intake gas; an elimination module that causes hydrogen flowing over its surface to undergo a catalytic oxidation reaction with a loaded catalyst; an internal detection module for detecting the temperature and pressure inside the device; and a control module that receives the graded alarm signal and outputs control commands to dynamically adjust the intake pump and the elimination module. This invention, through modular integrated design, achieves integrated hydrogen detection-alarm-control-elimination, constructing a closed-loop safety protection system with multi-parameter real-time detection, intelligent graded alarm, and efficient catalytic elimination. The device responds rapidly, can adaptively adjust operating parameters according to leakage risk, has high elimination efficiency, and strong reliability, making it suitable for real-time hydrogen leakage protection in fields such as hydrogen energy and nuclear power.

The application discloses a hydrogen sensor for measuring hydrogen concentration in a high-humidity environment, comprising a functional part and a packaging part, wherein the functional part comprises a first thin film layer, an electrode layer and a silicon substrate which are sequentially stacked; the first thin film layer is a silicon compound thin film and is used for protecting the electrode layer; the electrode layer is used for generating a detection signal for detecting hydrogen concentration according to the change of thermal conductivity in the gas; the packaging part is provided with an inner electrode and an outer electrode, the inner electrode is connected with the electrode layer to receive the detection signal of the electrode layer, and the outer electrode is connected with an external circuit to output the detection signal; the hydrogen sensor is provided with reference and compensation resistors, the detection precision and the detection range of the sensor are increased; the measurement resistance wire is fully contacted with the surrounding air through the structural arrangement, the hydrogen concentration change is rapidly detected; and the sensor can be stably applied in the high-humidity environment by adopting the multilayer protective film and the air-permeable and water-repellent film.

This invention provides a sampling device and method for analyzing the concentration of hydroxyl and parahydrogen ions (HHE), belonging to the field of new energy technology. The sampling device includes a tank, an inflation valve, and an intermittent exhaust assembly. The inflation valve is connected to one end of the tank, and the intermittent exhaust assembly is mounted on the tank, allowing gas inside the tank to be intermittently discharged from both ends. The intermittent exhaust assembly includes exhaust heads, exhaust valve cores, and exhaust control components located at both ends of the tank. The intermittent exhaust assembly in this sampling device for HHE concentration analysis allows air to be discharged from both ends of the tank through intermittent exhaust, facilitating air removal from the ends and edges of the tank and improving air discharge efficiency. The intermittent exhaust method also promotes turbulence within the tank, facilitating the removal of impurities from the inner wall of the tank and carrying these impurities out of the tank.

The invention relates to a method for determining a hydrogen concentration (H2A) at an anode inlet or outlet (62, 66). The method comprises the steps of measuring (A) a discharge hydrogen concentration (H2Ab), measuring (B) a fuel cell stack current (IB) or stack power (PB), determining (D) a minimum hydrogen concentration (H2min) before opening the discharge valve (42) using the discharge hydrogen concentration (H2Ab) and at least one stored curve, and calculating (E) a hydrogen concentration (H2A) during a discharge phase using the minimum hydrogen concentration (H2min) and the fuel cell stack current (IB) or the stack power (PB) and a stored curve for a rate of change in hydrogen concentration over time. The method additionally comprises the steps of closing (G) the discharge valve (42) when a predefined upper limit value of the hydrogen concentration (H2A) is reached, calculating (H) a hydrogen concentration (H2A) during a closing phase of the discharge valve (42) using the hydrogen concentration (H2A) when the discharge valve (42) is closed and the fuel cell stack current (IB) or the stack power (PB) and a stored curve for a rate of change in hydrogen concentration over time, and opening (J) the discharge valve (42) when a predefined lower limit value for the hydrogen concentration (H2A) is reached during the closing phase.