439 results about "River network" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of prediction of weather states, and especially relates to a modeling evaluation method for urban heavy rain inundation. The method includes the following steps: (1), establishing a to-be-evaluated area into a digital elevation model, and dividing the model into grids; (2), generating a river network, establishing a river network on the digital elevation model, and determining the current direction and speed of a basin; (3) determining inundated areas, the grids the river flows across being river grids and other grids being ground grids, determining initial river grids and inundation conditions, and successively determining, from the initial river grids, whether the ground grids adjacent the river grids meet inundation conditions, wherein the ground grids are inundated grids if the conditions are satisfied, otherwise, the ground grids are not inundated grids; (4) determining the inundation critical rainfall; (5) determining inundation calamity risks; and (6) evaluating inundation risks. Through adoption of the method, the inundation coverage, the inundation depth, the inundation risks and losses or the like can be predicated before heavy rain, early warning is carried out timely, property losses are minimized, and personal safety is guaranteed.

The present invention discloses one kind of reinforcing purifying pre-reservoir system for treating the plain river network area. The reinforcing purifying pre-reservoir system includes four parts: surficial runoff colleting and regulating subsystem; depositing plant grating subsystem; reinforcing purifying ecological permeable dam subsystem; and pre-reservoir area. The said four parts are connected successively to form one complete reinforcing purifying pre-reservoir system for treating the plain river network area. The system can eliminate N and P containing nutritive salts, suspended solid and one pollutant from surficial runoff and other pollution sources to reduce pollution load. The present invention can reach the target of eliminating TN in 60 %, TP in 70 % and SS in 80 %, and the technology may be used in plain river network area.

The invention relates to a real-time and efficient drainage basin flood routing visual simulation method. The method comprises the steps that grid control sections and nodes are acquired; a river regime fitted curve is determined; an encrypted section is generated; the grid control sections and the encrypted section are processed; a node grid is generated through interpolation; a digital riverway model is generated; section water level data is acquired; a section water level matched with the digital riverway terrain grid is generated through interpolation; submerging lines of a single riverway or tree-shaped river network or annular river network are determined; the topological relation between the riverway submerging lines is built; an inundated area is determined; riverway water flow routing visual display is carried out. According to the method, the flood routing condition of a drainage basin can be displayed efficiently in real time, a continuously changing flood inundation layer can be created, the local or full-area inundated area is stereoscopically observed according to the elevation of the water surface, the superficial area and water storage of flood water surface inundation at a certain elevation can be calculated in real time for a local flood inundation region, the method directly serves drainage basin flood control and disaster reduction, and important theoretical and practical significance is achieved on disaster reduction capacity improving.

The invention discloses a digital river-lake network based method for dividing a water collection unit of a river basin of a plain river network region. A traditional method for generating a grid flow direction matrix by a DEM (digital elevation model) to extract a river network is changed, and real digital river-lake networks are directly adopted and used for assisting in division of the water collection unit of the river basin to expectedly obtain a drainage structure really expressing a hydrological topological relation of the plain river network region, and the water collection unit. The method comprises the following steps of: step 1, constructing a hydrological space element data model of the plain river network region; step 2, extracting a hydrological node, defining a vector river network flow direction according to the node type, and establishing a topological relation between the river-lake networks; step 3, generating a grid flow direction by using the DEM, and correcting the grid flow direction by using the river-lake networks with a flow direction relation; and step 4, according to the grid flow direction and the positions of the river-lake networks, dividing the water collection unit of the river basin. The method solves the problem in division of the water collection unit of the plain river network region with a complicated river-lake network structure, and is of great significance on distributed hydrological simulation of the plain river network region.

The invention discloses a safety assessment system for a river water environment of a plain river network, and belongs to the field of water environment safety assessment. By taking a DPSIR model as a theoretical basis, water environment safety assessment indexes are divided into five aspects of social and economic driving force, a pollution source and water resource development pressure, a water environment health present condition, a river service function and an environment supervision capability, and twenty assessment indexes including permanent population density, GDP per capita, a building land use proportion and the like are established. The water environment safety assessment process comprises the specific steps of obtaining a survey value for assessing an index of each layer of a river; determining an assessment standard value of the index; performing standardization processing of the survey value of the index; calculating an index score of a river water environment safety assessment index layer; calculating an index score of a river water environment safety assessment criterion layer; and calculating and assessing a river water environment safety index. According to the system, a scientific assessment method is established for the plain river network, and the water environment safety condition and problem of the plain river network can be quickly and effectively identified.

The invention relates to a pollution control method of farmland drainage in a plain tidal river network area, belonging to the technical field of environmental protection. The pollution control method comprises the following steps of: preliminarily clearing up a drainage ditch, and respectively sloping the bottom and the side slopes of the ditch along the farmland runoff water drainage direction to prepare ecological drainage ditch; then, reinforcing the side slopes of the ecological drainage ditch by using slates or porous water-permeable plates, and cultivating ecological plants on the side slopes and the bottom of the ecological drainage ditch in sequence; and finally, arranging a water collection tank at the junction part of the farmland drainage and the ecological drainage ditch. Runoff water flows into a river after being purified by the ecological drainage ditch. The invention has the characteristics of simplicity, convenience, practicability, good purification effect, good landscape effect and the like.

The invention relates to an SWMM modeling-oriented and multi-element-considered method for automatically dividing sub-basins of city regions. The method comprises the following steps of: S1, carrying out sub-basin automatic modeling on a to-be-divided region by using DEM data, basic geographic data, land utilization/coverage data and rainwater pipe network data of the to-be-divided region; S2, following the terrains to obtain a river network water outlet sub-basin; S3, obtaining a river network water outlet sub-basin division unit; S4, carrying out division to obtain rainwater well sub-basins; S5, combining the rainwater well sub-basins obtained by the river network water outlet sub-basin division unit and then carrying out topological check and local correction to obtain final geometrical morphologies of sub-basins of the to-be-divided region; and S6, setting attribute information of the sub-basins of the to-be-divided region and carrying out SWMM modeling-oriented automatic calculation on the attribute information of the sub-basins. According to the method provided by the invention, the influences caused by multiple elements such as terrains, river systems, roads, artificial building facilities and rainwater pipe networks to the city surface rainwater conflux are considered, so that the automatic division of sub-basins in the city regions is realized.

The invention provides a method for establishing an urban river network water body spectrum library. According to the method, urban river network water body spectrum data and other multi-source data are organized, put in the library, queried and displayed, and spectral signature analysis and a water quality remote sensing retrieval technology are carried out on the urban river network water body spectrum data and other multi-source data. The urban river network water body spectrum library is invented for the specific requirements that urban river network water body remote sensing water quality monitoring and evaluation is wide in range and long in monitor time, condition queries according to time, places, spectral signatures and other types are achieved, meanwhile, the function of carrying out a query according to a map is achieved, and the spectrum library achieves the function of displaying and outputting the queried multi-source data. The spectrum library achieves matching on unknown spectrums, achieves evaluation and optimization on a water quality parametric inversion model, and achieves evaluation on water quality through the water environment quality national standard GB3838-2002.

The invention provides a watershed refined management system integrating a water environment model. The refined management system is provided with a database, the database stores hydrological data, meteorological data, pollution source data and water quality monitoring data, watershed river network meshing information stored in a river network meshing module divides a watershed into sub-computingunits, a sub-computing unit mesh of an entire watershed water system is finally determined, a model calculation module is used for simulating the pollutant concentration of each sub-computing unit mesh in the watershed to, and based on a water environment model, a water pollution accident analysis method, a pollution source response and treatment project benefit analysis method and a water qualitystandard exceeding influence backtracking pollution source method are constructed, thereby achieving the dynamic and refined management of pollution sources, projects, water quality and the like in the watershed.

The invention provides an assembly line topology network dynamic simulation method based on an adaptive-dimensional DEM (dynamic effect model), which comprises the following steps of extracting topographic and hydrologic characteristics and applying the characteristics with dimensional attributes by fully utilizing daily-increased high-precision DEM data so as to construct an adaptive-dimensional DEM database based on a river network restrain TIN; and based on the database, calculating each triangular water flow direction in the TIN, and constructing a water flow line from any positions to a river basin exit so as to simplify three-dimensional topographic expression to be in a one-dimensional topology assembly line structure and realize an embedded multi-dimensional multilayer topology structure; and calculating associated hydrologic parameters by utilizing a topical hydrologic formula and realizing earth surface water flow dynamic simulation multi-dimensional application from a wide range to a local range.

The invention discloses a pollutant total amount control method based on control section water quality standard reaching. The pollutant total amount control method comprises the steps of carrying outdata collection, field investigation and monitoring; investigating and analyzing the pollution source current situation and the water environment quality current situation of the research area, and identifying a main pollution source and a main standard exceeding factor; constructing a nested river network hydrodynamic mathematical model and a water quality mathematical model; calibration is carried out according to the water quantity and water quality synchronous monitoring data; according to the pollution source investigation result and the model calibration result, calculating an allowabledischarge amount; providing a water quality improvement scheme. According to the method, a nested regional hydrodynamic water quality mathematical model is established by dividing a research region range and a calculation unit, the allowable discharge calculation research of the region is developed on the basis, and a water quality improvement scheme is provided, so that technical support and theoretical reference basis are provided for pollutant reduction and environmental improvement schemes.

The invention relates to the technical field of cartography and geography information systems, and specifically to a DEM-based river valley cross-section morphology algorithm. The algorithm includes the following six steps of (1) pre-processing data based on a DEM; (2) calculating sectional river network data; (3) calculating river network vertical data; (4) drawing a contour line of the valley bottom of a river valley; (5) calculating a width value of the valley bottom; and (6) drawing a profile map of the cross-section morphology of the river valley. The important quantitative indictors for describing the morphology of the river valley can be obtained by calculation according to the invention, which are the contour line of the valley bottom of the river valley, the width value of the valley bottom of the river valley and the profile map of the cross-section morphology of the river valley. These quantitative indicators can reveal the formation and development of a river, the construction situation of a valley landform and so on, and are of great theoretical significance for the study of the classification and management of rivers, the prediction of a river blocking probability of the landslide mass, the calculation of ground motion parameters and the like.

The invention discloses a sub-watershed division method of a large-scale complicated topography area distributed hydrologic model. The method includes the steps: maximum and minimum water-collecting area threshold value determination; watershed water outlet determination; multi-threshold virtual river network fusion; sub-watershed division. According to the method, watershed water outlets can be automatically, efficiently and rapidly identified, the method primarily solves the problem of extraction distortion of river networks in an internal flow area, and topological relationships among divided sub-watersheds can be accurately described, the number of the sub-watersheds is effectively controlled when research area ranges are accurately fitted, and accuracy and efficiency requirements of model simulation are comprehensively considered. The method has good applicability on the sub-watershed division in large-scale complicated topography area, and relevant results can provide strong support for construction of the macro-scale area distributed hydrologic models.

The invention provides a method and a system for calculating a river networks model. The method and the system are used for carrying out numerical simulation analysis on water flow movement of rivers based on a hydraulic principle so as to accurately master and forecast water regime of the rivers. The method and the system have the advantages of high calculation speed, capability of supporting various types and the like.

The invention discloses a rasterization-based method of determining a river surface source pollution load in a plain river network area. According to the method, based on a rasterization technology and a GIS spatial overlay analysis function, a confluence weight factor is calculated with a ratio of a river section area to a shortest distance between a grid and a surrounding rive as a weight, and aconfluent area range of each river and utilization area of corresponding type of land are determined. The method comprises specific steps of drawing a river network polygon, calculating area rasterization and performing spatial operation, calculating the confluence weight factor, determining a flow direction of the surface source pollution, dividing a confluent area of the surface source pollution, calculating use areas of different types of land, calculating a pollution load per unit area, and calculating the river surface source pollution load. The method determines the surface source pollution confluent area reflecting characteristics of water systems of the plain river network area, making it easier to determine a boundary of a confluent area of the area and being easy to promote anduse in calculation of pollution load of areas with the same water system characteristics.

The invention provides a one-two-dimensional hydrodynamic coupling method based on a spatial topology. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model comprising a one-dimensional river network model for simulating the flow of a river network and a water-crossing structure, and a one-dimensional pipe network model for simulating the flow of a city pipe network; constructing a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model used for meshing the region within the compilation range and control line to be analyzed, interpolating the mesh according to the topography of the region, and assigning the mesh attributes; performing surface-to-surface two-dimensional model coupling for a river course and a surface according to the one-dimensional river network model andthe two-dimensional hydrodynamic model; according to the one-dimensional pipe network model and the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, performing one-two-dimensional model coupling for the urban surface and underground. The invention provides a perfect coupling mode, which is adapted to different flood coupling calculation requirements. Flexible one-two-dimensional coupled generalization model can well solve the generalization of streams and streets flood discharge.

The invention discloses a water pollution diffusion warning visualization method, comprising: drawing a curve graph of water monitoring data over time; modeling for a target water area; combining an electronic map with a river network modeling process; calculating pollutant degradation coefficient via a series reactor water quality model, monitoring spot positional information and real-time monitoring data; if abnormal data are monitored, determining a current pollution level and a corresponding warning color according to the pollutant concentration, calculating a gradient array between the current warning color and a normal water color, calculating a pollution diffusion distance via the water quality model, and traversing and retrieving, in conjunction with pollution source position and the acquired pollution diffusion distance, a pollution diffusion zone range from a target water area model, gradiently coloring a retrieved pollution diffusion path via the gradient array, and simulating to demonstrate a migration and degradation process of pollutants in a river. The method of the invention has the advantages that a water monitoring network can be visually modeled and the tendency of pollution diffusion can be predicted in real time.

The invention discloses a GIS platform-based plain river network region pollution load calculation method. Aiming at the characteristics of plain river network region pollution source generation and migration, outputs and river pollutant loads of various pollution sources and various pollutants under the support of a GIS platform; four calculation modes are utilized to respectively calculate pointsource and surface source pollution loads of seven pollution sources such as urban domestic pollution, rural domestic pollution, urban rainfall runoff pollution, dry land rainfall runoff pollution, rice field rainfall runoff pollution, livestock breeding pollution and aquaculture pollution, and finally the pollution load of a whole plain river network region is determined. The method is not onlycapable of reflecting the pollutant migration characteristics of plain river network regions, but also capable of being popularized and applied on a relatively large spatial-temporal scale, so that the simulation precision in the migration process of pollutants from sources to river networks is improved.

The invention discloses a method for extracting mountain river information. The method comprises the following steps: performing radiation calibration, atmospheric correction, mosaicing and cutting processing on remote sensing image data information of a land satellite Landsat 8 OLI; calculating a composite spectral threshold water index; extracting a mountain shadow of a study area according to DEM data of the study area; extracting a river network of the study area according to the DEM data of the study area, and establishing a river buffer area; calculating the land surface temperature of the study area; calculating surface albedo of the study area; calculating the NDBI (normalized difference build-up index) of the study area; resampling the land surface temperature, surface albedo andNDBI layer of the study area for standard treatment to eliminate incorrectly extracted building information; performing small hole elimination and gap filling on the extracted small rivers in the study area are filled by closed operation and filtering operation in mathematical morphology filtering. The technical problem that accuracy of information extraction for mountain rivers in the prior art needs to be improved is solved.

The invention discloses a river network modeling method which is used for analyzing and researching the river network by means of the complex network theory, and belongs to the technical field of hydrology. The modeling method abstracts the object river network into a directed network model and includes steps of defining evident changes of hydraulic characteristics of rivers in the object river network as nodes of the directed network model; defining riverways where river water flows through among the nodes as edges of the directed network model and defining flow direction of the river water as directions of the edges. The river network modeling method further quantitatively analyzes importance of the nodes and the edges in the river network according to the hydraulic characteristics such as the length of the riverways and runoff volume. Compared with existing normal hydrological models, the river network modeling method can well reflect real topological property of the river network and integrally analyzes and researches the real river network, importance of the nodes and the edges in the river network can be analyzed, and great significance in flood fighting, disaster relief, water resource protection and hydrological analysis and research and the like is achieved.

A power transmission and transformation equipment ice coating disaster monitoring and forecasting method based on meteorological and topographic factors comprises the following steps of: S1, collecting meteorological and topographic data comprising geographic information such as a sea level elevation, river network information, a slope, an exposure, slope variability, exposure variability, a waviness, a roughness, a surface illumination degree and the like; S2, establishing an ice coating thickness estimation meteorological model, wherein the meteorological model is as follows: Y=-0.11x1-0.49x2-0.34x3-0.335x4+0.00x5-0.013x6+0.27x7+1.75x8; S3, carrying out topographic correction of the ice coating thickness estimation meteorological model and carrying out contrastive analysis on an ice coating thickness increment and a difference value of an actually measured value and a meteorological model estimated value, which are obtained by utilizing the formulas, wherein a topographic correction model is as follows: delta Y'=0.19+0.0014x1-0.0035x2+0.045x3; S4, adding the meteorological model in the step 2 with a topographic correction model in the step 3 to obtain a final ice coating thickness comprehensive correction model, completing monitoring on ice coating thickness distribution and carrying out forecasting on the basis of an obtained result. The method considers influence of microtopography and micrometeorology on monitoring of a power transmission and transformation equipment ice coating disaster and has the advantages of high accuracy, high practicality, high reliability and the like.

The invention relates to a plain area urban river network water circulation regulation and control method based on an ecological restoration target, and the method comprises the steps: building a water volume-hydrodynamic force-water quality-water ecological index system through the investigation of the basic conditions of an urban river network and taking the aquatic organism diversity as the basic target of the urban river network water ecological restoration; constructing a river network hydraulics-water quality-water ecology refined simulation model, optimizing a flowing water engineeringregulation and control scheme by utilizing a hydrodynamic force-water quality simulation result of each scene scheme, constructing an urban river network large circulation system, and adjusting a section structure of a local end river segment to realize local small circulation; and comprehensively evaluating the flood control safety, the environment improvement benefit and the influence on the water supply source of the regulation and control scheme. Under an existing engineering system, a flowing water source and kinetic energy of the flowing water source are fully utilized, dispatching of hydraulic engineering such as gates and pumps serves as a main way, ordered movement of inland river water flow is promoted, and the inland river self-cleaning capacity is recovered and improved.