425 results about "River section" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for constructing a deep pool and a shoal in a straight river channel. In the method, a spur dike is arranged on the left bank side of the straight river channel, a bank slope on the opposite bank of the spur dike is protected by riprap, a diving guide wall is arranged on the left and right banks of the downstream side of the spur dike respectively, the discharge cross section of the river channel is shortened by the spur dike to increase the flow rate of water flow, the bottom of a river bed of a river reach between the diving guide walls on the downstream side of the spur dike is continuously scoured to naturally form the deep pool, and a dead water area or slow flow water area formed between the diving guide wall and the river bank becomes the shoal through long-term deposition. The method has the advantages that: the deep pool is naturally formed and becomes a rest place for aquatic organisms such as fishes and the like, and can become a shelter for the aquatic organisms such as the fishes and the like in a flood period; plants can be planted on the shoal, and the shoal can become an organism habitat different from the deep pool; and the complexity of a river channel structure and water conservation condition diversity can be increased or repaired, and river biodiversity, population composition and rare species conservation are facilitated.

The invention discloses a construction method of a flat shoal flow prediction model based on joint control of upstream-downstream borders over a lower reach. The construction method specifically comprises the steps of adopting a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model to calculate and study a water level-flow relation curve of each fixed section in the reach; determining flat shoal flow in each section according to flat shoal elevation in each fixed section; adopting a method based on the combination of geometric average of logarithmic transformation and weighted average of section spacing to calculate the flat shoal flow of reach dimension; analyzing a response relationship of the flat shoal flow adjustment on an upstream water-sediment condition and downstream water level change, and constructing the prediction model based on joint control of the upstream-downstream borders over the lower reach. According to the construction method of the flat shoal flow prediction model based on joint control of the upstream-downstream borders over the lower reach, the calculated and obtained flat shoal flow of reach dimension is capable of better describing the flow passing capacity of the whole reach, and thus the flat shoal flow is more representative; the constructed flat shoal flow prediction model is capable of well reflecting the variation trend of the flat shoal flow along with the upstream water-sediment condition when the downstream water level changes sharply, and thus the constructed flat shoal flow prediction model has a guidance significance in the flood prevention and riverway management.

The invention discloses a river critical levee section washing safety analysis and bank slope stability judgment method. The method comprises the steps of 1, generating a data set used for constructing a two-dimensional river channel water/sand model; 2, setting model calculation parameters and definite solution conditions according to river reach parameters in the research area, and constructing a two-dimensional water/sand numerical simulation model of the research area; step 3, setting various working conditions according to sand coming conditions under different flood conditions, simulating river water/sand transportation and river bed silt flushing of a research area by utilizing a two-dimensional water/sand numerical model, analyzing dangerous river beds before and after flood based on a simulation result, and respectively calculating river dangerous bank slope river bed depth flushing distance and river lateral erosion distance; and step 4, constructing a finite element model for seepage-stability analysis of the bank slope of the critical levee section, and quantitatively researching the relationship between each factor and the bank slope stability safety coefficient. According to the method, the stability of the riverway dangerous work bank slope under the action of water flow flushing is studied, and a quantitative means is provided for critical levee section stability evaluation.

The invention provides a coupling analysis method for a one-dimensional mathematical model and two-dimensional mathematical model of river way outburst flood. After corresponding data is collected, adyke breach outflux inundated area and a river way section obviously influenced by dyke breach outflux are first dispersed by using a quadrilateral or triangular unstructured grid, and other river sections adopt one-dimensional cross-section data generalization. The one-dimensional model is solved by adopting a classical Presimann implicit format, the two-dimensional model is solved by adopting aGodunov format with a shock capturing ability. In order to avoid numerical oscillation, mass conservation and momentum conservation of the connection portion between the one-dimensional mathematical model and the two-dimensional mathematical model are ensured; according to the coupling analysis method for the one-dimensional mathematical model and two-dimensional mathematical model of river way outburst flood, provided connection portion is a transition region, one-dimensional model calculation and two-dimensional model calculation are both conducted in the transition region. After the dyke breach is started, the dyke breach outflux inundated area and a river way two-dimensional computing area automatically become an integrated two-dimensional computing area, and the calculation of dyke breach outflux process is completed by the two-dimensional model. The processing method can fully consider the hydrodynamic response process inside and outside the river way on the dyke breach, the numerical simulation precision of the dyke breach outflux process is improved, and the shortcoming in a traditional method is overcome that only a weir formula is adopted to calculate the dyke breach outflux process, so that the momentum exchange inside and outside the river way can not be considered.

The invention relates to a method for monitoring river runoff through a remote-sensing hydrologic station. The method comprises the steps of 1, selecting key fluvial sections lacking measuring stationareas; 2, conducting low-altitude remote sensing retrieval on the information of the fluvial sections lacking the measuring station areas; conducting real-time drone control flight on monitoring points of the fluvial sections selected in step 1, preprocessing the obtained data, extracting earth surface information, obtaining the longitudinal section gradient, the cross section area and the watersurface width of the fluvial sections on this basis, combining ground water level monitoring and underwater topographic surveying and mapping, and utilizing a manning formula for deduction to solve the flow of the monitored section. The method has the advantages that satellite remote sensing and low-altitude remote sensing are coupled, each other's advantages are complemented, and the blank of thelack of hydrologic data is filled up; during emergency management, the real-time river channel segment width is obtained, the river runoff is calculated, the river runoff data is reported in real time, and the runoff monitoring precision is smaller than 8%; the problem that hydrometric stations of an arid region are scarce, and cannot handle flood, water pollution and other emergency events is solved.

The invention discloses a non-contact flow measurement method for measuring a high flood based on the flow velocity of representative vertical line points. The method includes the following steps of (1) determining the positions of one or more vertical lines according to river section data, and using a radar flow velocity meter to measure the flow velocity of a river surface point below a measured vertical line; (2) calculating the flow velocities V1-Vp (the surface point flow velocity of P vertical lines) of the surface points of multiple vertical lines according to the surface point flow velocity of the measured vertical line; (3) conducting arithmetic average on the section surface point flow velocity of the multiple vertical lines, and obtaining the average flow velocity Vsur of the river surface; according to the empirical formula of hydraulics, making the average flow velocity of the river surface multiplied by the surface velocity coefficient lambda to obtain the average flow velocity Vave of the section; (4) according to the river section data, obtaining the river water passing section area corresponding to the set water depth, and making the area multiplied by the average flow velocity of the section to obtain a river flow value. The method can calculate the flow of artificial and natural rivers quickly, conveniently and accurately, and is especially suitable for unattended heavy rain, high flood and other complex disastrous environments.

The invention discloses a rasterization-based method of determining a river surface source pollution load in a plain river network area. According to the method, based on a rasterization technology and a GIS spatial overlay analysis function, a confluence weight factor is calculated with a ratio of a river section area to a shortest distance between a grid and a surrounding rive as a weight, and aconfluent area range of each river and utilization area of corresponding type of land are determined. The method comprises specific steps of drawing a river network polygon, calculating area rasterization and performing spatial operation, calculating the confluence weight factor, determining a flow direction of the surface source pollution, dividing a confluent area of the surface source pollution, calculating use areas of different types of land, calculating a pollution load per unit area, and calculating the river surface source pollution load. The method determines the surface source pollution confluent area reflecting characteristics of water systems of the plain river network area, making it easier to determine a boundary of a confluent area of the area and being easy to promote anduse in calculation of pollution load of areas with the same water system characteristics.

A construction method for a river beach pool ecological purification system relates to a river ecological repairing technology. The technical scheme is that a crooked river channel is adopted as a construction area, one section in the construction area is a river section with the river bend central angle as 90-160 degrees and is provided with more than two bent portions, and the linear length of the construction area is 5-7 times as large as the average width of a main river channel at the river section. The method is characterized in that bend tops of the turning positions at the upper end and the lower end of the river channel in the construction area are dug for 50cm-2m downwards to build a deep pool, earthwork obtained through digging of the deep pool is used for constructing a shallow beach at the center of the river channel of a straight section between the two bent portions of the river channel in the construction area and on the side close to a convex bank at the turning positions of the river channel in the construction area, the shallow beach is 10cm-50cm higher than the original river bottom to form a river island or a river bank beach, large rocks with the specification of 30-80cm are piled on the upstream face of the constructed shallow beach, and a fish channel with the recessed depth as 20-50cm is constructed at the center of the river channel at the downstream of the constructed river island. The method is used for pollution regulation and ecological repairing of rivers.

The invention discloses a method for quickly tracing to source by means of back flow based on a one-way river, and relates to the field of environment monitoring and environment pollution control. The method comprises the following steps: determining an upstream direction and a downstream direction of the one-way river; converting a map layer coordinate system of the one-way river into a projection coordinate system; performing average split on the one-way river to acquire split one-way river data; determining a river section in which pollution monitoring sites are located; determining a river section in which a suspect pollution source is located; determining the range of the suspect pollution source; determining the pollution source. The aim of quickly finding pollution discharge enterprises causing the river water body pollution is fulfilled, and data support is provided for environment protection departments to take measures in time.

The invention discloses a river section water quality monitoring system. The river section water quality monitoring system comprises a bank control base station and a monitoring box, wherein a sampling device, a water quality monitoring device and an underwater control device are arranged in the monitoring box; the sampling device is connected with the water quality monitoring device which is connected with the underwater control device, a balance stabilizing device is arranged at the upper part of the monitoring box, and a lifting control device is arranged at the lower part of the monitoring box. A river section water quality monitoring method comprises steps of (1) building the bank control base station; (2) mounting cables; (3) controlling the monitoring box to reach a river section monitoring point; (4) monitoring the river section water quality. The river section water quality monitoring system is simple in structure, high in pertinence, high in automation degree and convenient to operate; with adoption of the method, the water quality condition of the river section can be monitored in real time, the accuracy is high, information is pushed actively and remotely, remote control is realized, the water quality condition is known by a worker conveniently at any time, and the labor intensity is reduced, so that the working efficiency is increased and the economic cost is reduced.

The invention discloses an alluvial river bank collapse early warning method. Aiming at collapse of a binary structure bank of an alluvial river under long-term action of water flow, the position of bank collapse can be forecasted early; meanwhile, rolling forecast can be continuously performed by utilizing the characteristics that river section data is relatively easily acquired and more forecasting times are present, and the forecast accuracy is improved. The method comprises the following steps of: determining a river bank stability index, forecasting river bed deposition and erosion change and performing early warning and judgment on the bank collapse. By using the bank slope stability index determining and judging standard, comparing with a forecast slope and combining with a gradingjudgment index system, the position of a dangerous bank section can be early warned, and technical support is provided for dike maintenance and management.

The invention relates to the technical field of hydroelectric engineering ecological dispatching, and discloses a cascade power station ecological dispatching system suitable for producing drifting egg fishes, which is used for providing appropriate hydrological process conditions for drifting egg fish breeding and reducing the influence of cascade reservoir operation on the drifting egg fish breeding process. The method is based on the water level of a fish spawn spawning site and a fish spawn drifting river section; change in indicators such as flow, the upstream step is matched with the downstream step to adjust the water level of the fish spawning site and the fish egg drifting river section. Through the cooperative use of engineering measures and non-engineering measures, appropriatehydrodynamic process conditions are provided for the breeding of the fishes laying the drifting eggs, and the influence of the operation of the cascade reservoir on the breeding process of the fisheslaying the drifting eggs is reduced. The method is suitable for the ecological dispatching of the cascade power station nearby living fishes with drifting eggs.

The invention provides a river ecological flow determining method with the benthos diversity as a target. By means of the method, the research methods of ecological water requirements are enriched, and meanwhile, the ecological flow determining method with benthos as indicator organisms is provided. The method comprises the steps that river segment selection is researched; the benthos in a river segment are researched and ecological environment elements are inspected on site; the type of a benthos habitat and the characteristic parameter threshold value of the benthos habitat are determined; the optimal type of the benthos habitat which maintain the benthos diverse is determined; the fluvial geomorphology measurement of the river segment is researched; a two-dimensional hydrodynamics modelis constructed; the benthos habitat of the river segment is simulated in different flows; the optimal flow for maintaining the benthos diverse is determined. The method has the advantages that the ecological flow which enables the benthos diversity to be highest can be very accurately obtained, and the problem that by means of a general ecological flow determining method, the result cannot reflect the actual demands of aquatic organisms is solved.

The invention relates to a river section degradation evaluation method, which effectively solves the problems that the evaluation excessively depends on data, the compatibility is complicated and the accuracy and efficiency of the evaluation are affected. The method comprises the following steps: establishing river section degradation evaluation elements and indexes, performing in-situ monitoring, carrying out water quality chemical index analysis and biological authentication for a collected sample, determining a weight of criterion layer evaluation elements for the river degradation by utilizing the level analysis characteristic value method, determining a sub-weight for each representative evaluation index of the criterion layer evaluation elements by utilizing a variance method, and obtaining an absolute weight of each index by considering the weight of the criterion layer evaluation elements; evaluating the river section degradation situation according to each evaluation index absolute weight and a matter-element model, calculating a correlation function and correlation degree, and obtaining the degradation degree of the river section according to the evaluation standard. The method is novel and unique, easy to operate and use, good in effect and capable of accurately evaluating the river section degradation and instructing the river governing and ecological restoration.

The invention relates to the technical field of water resource monitoring, in particular to a water environment pollution analysis system based on big data, comprising: an acquisition unit for acquiring river basic data and pollution source data; the division unit that is used for carrying out river reach division on the river; the modeling unit that is used for establishing a pollutant tracing relationship and a monitoring section water quality response relationship; the analysis unit that is used for performing pollution source structure analysis on each water outlet of each control unit according to the internal and external source contribution analysis and the pollution source type contribution analysis, and analyzing the contribution rate of the pollution source to the water quality of the monitoring section; and the output unit that is used for outputting an analysis result. According to the invention, the monitoring section is taken as the core, the pollution source causing themonitoring section can be analyzed, the pollution source with relatively large contribution degree to the river section water quality in the river is locked, and the technical problem that when an existing method is used for coping with sudden pollution sources, pollution source checking and tracing work cannot be effectively carried out in time is solved.

The invention discloses a river phase relation suitable for a runoff tidal estuary area and derivation method thereof. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, primarily deriving the river phase relation by combining the O'Brien method with the Douguoren method; S2, establishing a current mathematic model according to the actually measured data of the river, and solving the current mathematic model by use of a finite volume method; S3, selecting a river area only under the runoff effect, and fitting the river phase relation of the runoff river area; S4, selecting the engineering river area of the representative upstream runoff flow; S5, dividing the river area into a certain number of cross sections, equally dividing the river width of each cross section into several, and calculating through the river phase relation of the runoff river area fitted in the step S3; and S6, respectively calculating the average wetted area A and QT falling of the river area in the step S4 by use of the current mathematic model in the step S2. The river phase relation disclosed by the invention has extremely high precision when qualitatively and quantitatively describing the relation of a river power condition and the channel morphology at the runoff tidal estuary area.

The invention provides a river health comprehensive characterization and evaluation system covering three scales of river basin, river corridor and habitat and combining points, lines and surfaces against the problem that the existing river health characterization and evaluation are largely focused on the single river corridor scale with the ignorance of the internal relations between a river and the river basin and the habitat, and the river health comprehensive characterization and evaluation system applies the multi-index integrated method, respectively determines the river comprehensive health and the health level in each scale and identifies main factors limiting the river health state. The method fully considers the multi-scale integration of the river and the characteristics of close links among the scales and fully considers an interference source of the river and the river, thereby being capable of rapidly and accurately identifying the main limiting factors of the river health while determining the health scales of different river sections of the same river or the health scales of different rivers in the same ecological region, having the advantages of intuitive result expression, convenient application and the like and providing a definite method basis for the river comprehensive management.

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy research, in particular to a tree-shaped river network cascade reservoir hydrodynamic water quality and sediment coupling simulation method and system, and aims to solve the problem of integrity and reliability of river channel terrain sections and control line hydrological station data. After the cascade reservoirs are added, how to solve the problem of joint solution of the river network and the cascade reservoirs is solved, and a Western River midstream river network overall hydrodynamic simulation calculation platform integrating a cascade reservoir scheduling mode and a one-dimensional river network hydrodynamic model is established by relying on latest actually-measured water depth topographic data of the main and branch river channels. Model calculation is based on a one-dimensional Cherry View South Range. a calculation sequence for establishing a model from four levels of a river network, a sub-river network, ariver channel and nodes is provided. The river network and the cascade reservoirs are generalized. The river network and the cascade reservoirs are connected into a whole through the transmission relation of the water conservancy project scheduling mode and the external boundary conditions. All river segments are connected into a calculation whole, synchronous real-time simulation and calculationare achieved, and the research means of river network cascade reservoir scheduling is enriched.

The invention relates to a developing and governing method for a sandy wide channel canal/shoal/pool. A narrow river channel is formed by two main dikes (new flood dikes) which are constructed between the prior flood dikes at two sides of a sandy channel segment along the riverway trend, and large dams are constructed at the upstream and the downstream. A water supply and sand diversion canal is constructed at the inside or outside of at least one of the main dikes in the narrow river channel. A conveyance and navigation canal is constructed outside one or two sides of the narrow river channel. The conveyance and navigation canal is adjacent to the water supply and sand diversion canal or the conveyance and navigation canal, or the conveyance and navigation canal is a split type. The bottomland and the pool surrounded by the diking are changed from the shoal area between the main dike or canal dike and the prior flood dikes. The bottomland can be a permanent site for living, production, construction and development. The long-term reserved pool is capable of storing water resource and supplying water in non-flood season, storing floodwater and replenishing dryness in flood season, and detaining and storing the flood. The developing and governing method for the sandy wide channel canal/shoal/pool effectively prevents from flood, treats and uses slit, ensures the security in flood prevention, and supplies enough rinsing water source; the water service cost is low, and the method is capable of developing and utilizing the resources such as hydraulic power, shipping, and tourism, etc. in the channel segment, and the method has a positive meaning in improving environment.

The invention belongs to the field of bridge measurement and design, and provides a measuring and controlling method of the maximal scouring depth of a bridge abutment. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly designing a bridge abutment scouring experiment scheme, and then analyzing the shifting bed experiment result, wherein aiming at that during the specific flood process, the bridge abutment scouring depth has great relationship with the maximal unit discharge of the flood peak at the bridge site, the river bed gradient as well as the particle size composition of the river bed, the bridge abutment is in the increase trend as the unit discharge and the river bed gradient, and is in decrease trend as the river bed particle size. The partial scouring depth around the bridge abutment by adopting the multi-parameter correlation analysis is subjected to formula fitting, thereby obtaining the fitting formula of the bridge abutment scouring depth. The obtained fitting formula is high in pertinence and suitable for the built bridge culvert of a high-gradient gravel-cobble river reach, the relevant coefficient of the fitting formula is high, and the problems that the existing formula for calculating the partial scouring depth of the bridge abutment is not suitable for the high-gradient gravel-cobble river reach and is unreasonable in calculation are solved.

The invention relates to a construction method of an erosion-preventing large-diameter bored pile. The method is characterized in that in the construction method, a movable large-rigidity guide rack is used to control steel casing perpendicularity, an erosion-preventing protecting layer comprises a lower-layer cement grouting body, a middle-layer film bag sand-filling body and upper-layer stone riprap; the movable large-rigidity guide rack comprises a section steel truss, a pushing adjusting device, a moving guide rail, a movable pulley, a traction device and the like;a sectional machining and a field butt joint is adopted for the sinking process, and the sinking process uses the large-rigidity guide rack to position the steel casing, control the perpendicularity of the steel casing and correct the steel casing; high-pressure grouting is performed in certain depth range of a riverbed through a reserved grouting pipe to form a cement grouting body protecting layer after the bored pile is constructed, and a riprap erosion-preventing layer is constructed after a whole pile group is constructed. By the method, the erosion-preventing large-diameter bored pile can be fast constructed in river sections with rapid flows and severe erosion effects, high construction quality is achieved, and good technological and economic benefits are achieved.