1039 results about "Flood discharge" patented technology

The invention relates to a sewage in-situ purification system using a drainage ditch. The drainage ditch is divided into a treating ditch and a diverting ditch which are parallel to each other along the longitudinal direction; the front ends of the treating ditch and the diverting ditch are provided with diverting grooves; the front end of the treating ditch is provided with a grit chamber, and the tail end is provided with a sedimentation basin; a contact oxidation pond and an artificial wetland pond are arranged between the grit chamber and the sedimentation basin; and the grit chamber, thecontact oxidation pond, the artificial wetland pond and the sedimentation basin are spaced by a transverse partition wall. The invention can effectively carry out in-situ purification treatment to sewage by using ditch space, realize the continuous treatment and the purification to the sewage and enable the ditches to become a landscape harmonious with surrounding environment. The sewage in-situ purification system can carry out hydraulic drop oxygenation to the sewage by sufficiently using height difference variations inside the drainage ditch, reduce the cost of sewage treatment, does not generate secondary pollution and affect the flood discharge of the drainage ditch and can effectively intercept and remove high-concentration pollutants caused by the flush effect of initial rain.

The invention discloses a gyrating drilled shaft provided with an aeration ridge. The invention is characterized in that the gyrating drilled shaft is provided with an aeration ridge on the wall surface at the middle lower part of the drilled shaft section, the aeration ridge is formed by gradually shrinking the drilled shaft connected with the upper flat section of a flood discharging tunnel from the middle part to the middle lower part and then suddenly expanding the wall surface, and at least two aeration holes are distributed on the annular aeration ridge formed by the sudden expansion, each of the aeration holes is spliced with a vent pipe communicating with the atmosphere. The vent pipes can be selectively buried on the outer side of the gyrating drilled shaft. The gyrating drilled shaft disclosed by the invention enables near-wall water layers at the lower reaches of the aeration ridge to become into aerated water flows, thereby increasing the flow cavitation number, playing the effects of air entrainment and cavitation prevention, preventing the overflowing section at the middle lower part of the drilled shaft from being damaged by cavitation erosion, and ensuring the safe flood discharging operation of the gyrating drilled shaft.

The invention discloses a prevention and control method for debris flow induced by ice-lake break and an application of the method. The method comprises the steps of determining a flood peak flow threshold of break flood debris flow in combination with topographic and geomorphic characteristic parameters of a drainage basin, rainfall characteristic parameters, inner-source characteristic parameters of the drainage basin, transport capacity of a main river and the like; then judging the stability of a morainic dam body in each calculation area and performing classification of dangerousness based on basic parameters obtained by field investigation, sampling and indoor testing of the morainic dam body; and based on this, determining body shape parameters and a distribution mode of pile structure bodies in the morainic dam body. According to the method and the application, for the situation that sudden ice-lake break caused by buried ice melting in the morainic dam, ice landslides and entry of ice into a lake due to icefall easily forms a giant debris flow disaster, the dam body undercutting speed can be effectively controlled, the break flood discharge time can be prolonged, the peak flow of break flood can be reduced, and the scale of forming the debris flow by the break flood can be reduced, regulated and controlled, so that the risk of causing harm to a downstream zone of the ice lake by the break flood is lowered.

The invention discloses a method for forecasting water burst flood peak and peak time for a karst tunnel underground river. The method comprises the following steps: (1) computing point rainfall; (2) determining areal rainfall according to the point rainfall; (3) computing effective precipitation according to the areal rainfall; (4) computing time interval unit hydrograph; (5) computing effective precipitation unit hydrograph according to the time interval unit hydrograph; (6) computing surface runoff according to the effective precipitation and the effective precipitation unit hydrograph; (7) computing subsurface runoff; (8) adding the surface runoff at each time interval and the subsurface runoff at the corresponding time intervals to obtain flood discharge; (9) performing fitting on value of the flood discharge to obtain a flood hygrograph; and (10) obtaining the flood peak and the corresponding peak time on the flood hygrograph and determining construction time for a karst tunnel according to the flood peak and the corresponding peak time. According to the method provided by the invention, the water burst flood peak in the tunnel and the arrival time of the flood peak can be accurately forecasted, so that the construction time for the tunnel can be reasonably arranged, and the lives of people and the safety of mechanical equipment can be ensured.

The invention discloses a method and system for real-time automatic distribution of gate opening of a cascade hydropower station. The system includes a collection terminal, database server, application server, process library, policy library, information publishing cat, and remote control system, a collection element, transmission element, simulation element, and constraint element are arranged onthe application server and are connected with the database server, process library and information publishing cat. The invention can adjust the gate in advance, at the same time, the opening degree of each gate of the preset dispatching strategy is given by using the subsection step-size mutation algorithm, In addition to real-time monitoring of reservoir water level, effectively shorten the timeof making gate opening, A good balance has been struck between flood control and flood resource utilization, In order to reduce the working intensity of the operators and accurately control the waterlevel of the reservoir, the calculation process is simple and quick, and the follow-up effect of cascade flood control storage capacity under different flood discharge is taken into account, so as tomeet the needs of the actual operation of the power station for the calculation result accuracy, safety, real-time performance and economy.

The present invention relates to flood discharge method and flood discharge tunnel dissipating energy by means of eddying flow and intense water-air mixing, and is especially one flood discharge tunnel for high water head large hydraulic power project. The flood discharge tunnel includes one water inlet in the upstream of dam, one eddy flow and fall head energy dissipating facility connected to the water inlet and provided with well, one water cushion pond with one waterproofing pier in the exit for further energy dissipating, one water output tunnel connected to the water cushion pond and one water outlet. The flood discharge tunnel has one energy dissipating rate as high as 90 %, and can control the outlet flow rate and prevent cavitation erosion, scouring and atomizing effectively.

The invention discloses a full-section water wetland purification system suitable for a normal water level of a river. The system comprises four parts, namely an overflow weir, a water distribution dike, a wetland for purifying water and a main flood period overflowing river. In low water seasons and the normal water level, all the water from the upstream flows through the wetland, thus the system can play a role in purifying the water; and at a flood period, the water level exceeds the overflow weir, the water flows through all sections, a narrow trapezoidal diversion port constructed in the system plays roles of water bundling and damming during the flood, the resistance is higher if the flood is greater, and more flood is compelled to flow to the wider and tendency-along flood discharge trunk river so as to reduce the flood flow of the wetland on the premise of not obstructing the flood discharge capacity and effectively protect the wetland. Moreover, according to the specific terrain of the river, structure forms of the wetland purification system can be connected in series so that the river water can be subjected to multistage purification. The construction method can be used for effectively purifying the water.

The invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower, in particular an energy dissipation flood discharging device. The energy dissipation flood discharging device is gentler in the energy dissipation process. The energy dissipation flood discharging device comprises a flood discharging hole and further comprises a central shaft and a spiral flow channel. The central shaft is arranged at the axis position of the flood discharging hole, the spiral flow channel is arranged with the central shaft as the axis, an inlet of the spiral flow channel is communicated with an inlet of the flood discharging hole, and an outlet of the spiral flow channel is communicated with an outlet of the flood discharging hole. When water flow enters the structure, the water flow moves spirally along the spiral flow channel and finally arrives at the bottom of the structure. The spiral flow channel is long and many curves exist, so that the water flow is acted by friction force for a long time, and since the water flow collides with the spiral flow channel, a large amount of gravitational potential energy is transferred into heat energy. Thus, the purpose of energy dissipation is achieved.

The invention relates to a method that a diversion tunnel is rebuilt into a jet current internal energy dissipation tunnel, which belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower. The method is characterized in that: a drilled shaft is built at the downstream of the water inlet of the diversion tunnel; the lower part of the drilled shaft is connected with the top of the diversion tunnel, and the top is connected with a throat-type pressure tunnel; the outlet of the pressure tunnel in the drilled shaft is shrunk into a jet exit; a blanking adapter is arranged at the diversion tunnel of fore half section at the joint between the drilled shaft and the diversion tunnel so as to form a blind room. The method comprises the following reconstructed facilities: a short pressure water inlet, a derivation conduit section, a current adjusting section, a constriction section, a drilled shaft section, a drilled shaft tunnel connecting section and a diversion tunnel section. The method has the advantages that: the method is suitable for the reconstruction of high-head and mass flow flood discharge tunnel; a stable and effective flood discharge also can be kept in the situation of high water level at the downstream; the newly-built tunnel section occupies a small area with flexible arrangement; thereby the method can greatly reduce the cost of energy dissipating facilities.

The invention discloses a hydraulic engineering type of a vertical crossing arrangement for a silo vortex flood discharging tunnel and a releasing tunnel or a diversion tunnel, which is characterized in that: the hydraulic engineering type is to make the flood discharging tunnel and the releasing tunnel or a diversion tunnel arranged in vertical crossing through a silo vortex chamber on the top of no pressure section behind a middle brake chamber of the releasing tunnel or the diversion tunnel, which combines the flood discharging tunnel behind the silo with the releasing tunnel or the diversion tunnel. The invention needs not to construct a section of drainage equipment from the silo exit to the connection place of two tunnels, and can avoid bad fluidization in a connection place of two tunnels in the prior inclined crossing technique scheme, has no particular requirements and limitations on the axis direction of the releasing tunnel or the diversion tunnel, can select a good and short path for construction according to the landform and geologic conditions, thereby greatly lowering cost, reducing engineering period, achieving the aim of a rapid start of operations.

The invention relates to a movable type plant floating island chain applicable to an estuary of the lake. A series of floating island monomers are connected by an antiseptic rope to form a floating island chain, wherein the head end of the floating island chain is fixed to a shore, and the tail end of the floating island chain is controlled by retracting and releasing a rope system, so that the floating island chain is arranged along the full section of a riverway during the non-flood discharge period, and is moved to the shore to be fixed during the flood discharge period or high wind. The movable type plant floating island chain has the advantage that: the capacity of purifying the floating islands is improved by planting aquatic plants with a function of purifying water quality on a carrier and collocating with biological filter bulb fillers hung in a hexahedral frame on the lower part of a floating bed through the aquatic plant purification technology and biomembrane technology. A series of floating island monomers are connected together to form the movable type plant floating island chain of which the head end is fixed and the tail end is movable, so the movable type plant floating island chain can be arranged along the full section to purify the water quality fully and also can be moved to the shore during the flood period without influencing flood discharge; and the relation of the improvement of the water quality and the drainage of the flood discharge is coordinated, navigation channels are reserved in the riverway to meet the demands for shipping, so the movable type plant floating island chain is suitable for the purification of the water quality at the estuary of the lake and ecological restoration.

The invention discloses an ecological restoration method for a municipal eutrophicated river. The method comprises the following steps: arranging a barring and controlling water level system at a barring and controlling water gate of the river; in the main stem of the river, piling cubic meters of earth obtained after desilting to form an along-river gentle slope and a river-center island, wherein a bank slope ratio is 1: 2.5 to 1: 5, and a shoal water zone and a deep and broad water zone are successively formed from a dam of the river to the center of the river; carrying out rock mound type and jack-like concrete block type bottom shape reconstruction on the slope surface of the along-river gentle slope; constructing embankment-zone aquatic plant zones at the river-center island and the along-river gentle slope having undergone bottom shape reconstruction and constructing a plant floating bed bio-zone in an along-river zone; and releasing filter-feeding and omnivore fish, shellfish and shrimps. With the restoration method provided by the invention, the water quality of the river is improved from class IV and V to class III or a higher class; biodiversity of a water area is increase by more than 2 times; the river has better capability in smooth regulation of water storage and flood discharge; and a water system has the further improved functions of underground water supplement, carbon immobilization, oxygen release, climate adjustment, water conservation, etc.

The invention relates to a method for reducing heavily silt-carrying river reservoir deposition, and belongs to the field of water conservancy. The IPC of the method is E02B1/00 and E02B9/02. According to the method, a sand blocking ground sill is built in a reservoir, the reservoir is divided into a clean water reservoir area and a muddy water reservoir area, distant silt carrying flow on the upstream of a dam is efficiently drained out of the reservoir through sand transporting culverts, the targets of reservoir filling and desilting are achieved, and the reservoir rainfall scouring distance is enlarged. Fine particle sediment overflowing to the reservoir area before the dam from the sand blocking ground sill is discharged out of the reservoir through dam flood discharging tunnel spillways in a submersible sand pumping pump reservoir desilting mode. The wide, shallow and bent deposition forms in the reservoir areas are shaped in a submersible sand pumping pump dredging mode, reservoir area straight river channels of density flow transporting are facilitated, and the natural desilting effect of the reservoirs is improved. The method is used in heavily silt-carrying river reservoir building and deposition waste reservoir reconstruction projects.

The invention discloses a whole section aeration method of a flood discharging tunnel. The bottom part of a free flow flood discharging tunnel is provided with a backward step and a ventilation shaft, which form bottom cavity aeration, based on which a lateral deflector is respectively arranged at side walls on two sides of the upstream of aeration backward step, therefore, an aeration side cavity is formed and the whole section aeration is further formed at the aeration backward step. The deflector inside the flood discharging tunnel with the whole section aeration structure designed according the method is a wedge deflector. Since the whole section aeration changes the former simplex method of bottom cavity aeration and guarantees the necessary aeration quantity when the flood discharging tunnel in normal operation, thus eliminating large-area fresh water flooding district at the side walls of the flood discharging tunnel and effectively avoiding the cavitation eroding damage of the side walls.

The invention provides a permeable overflow dam combining functions of water level control and water purification, which comprises a solid dam body, a permeable dam body and water purifying media arranged in the permeable dam body, wherein the solid dam body is in a water-proof solid structure formed by casting concrete or reinforced concrete, and the height of the dam top of the solid dam body is the height of a higher water level in the lowest water level required by a river channel ecological system or the lowest water level required by river channel landscape environment; the permeable dam body is a lattice fence formed by casting concrete or reinforced concrete, a plurality of reinforced concrete partition walls are cast in the permeable dam body along a river width direction, a plurality of no-fines concrete walls are cast in the permeable dam body along a water flow direction, and the height of the dam top of the permeable dam body is higher than the designed normal water level of the overflow dam and is lower than that of the designed flood level of a river channel; and the water purifying media are pebbles, vermiculites, zeolites or spherical water purifying fillers. The invention not only can meet the requirement of raising the water level without influencing the flood discharge capacity but also can effectively purify water and improve river water environment quality.

The invention discloses a high-dam large-reservoir hydropower station flood discharge gate dynamic monitoring method. The method comprises the steps of: firstly, placing a shooting three-coordinate measuring system at the position to be detected of a gate; obtaining a gate monitoring image of the position to be detected of the gate; then utilizing a triangulation principle to calculate position coordinates of characteristic mark points of the gate monitoring image; then calculating position deviations and deformation displacement amounts of the coordinates corresponding to each characteristic mark point of the gate monitoring image; and finally, judging whether the deformation displacement amounts exceed a prescribed requirement. According to the invention, the three-dimensional shooting measuring system is adopted to detect the deformation state of the hydropower station gate, the problem that the deformation measurement of hydraulic metal structural gate prototype observation is limited by field conditions and restricted by measurement precision is solved, and the three-dimensional shooting measuring system detects the deformation of the hydropower station gate based on a three-dimensional visual imaging technology; in addition, the method is applicable to the deformation measurement of a hydropower station flood discharge tunnel arc-shaped gate, and the method has the advantages that the usage and operation are simple, the data collection is convenient, and the measurement result display is visual.

The invention relates to a flood discharging method for anticorrosion and energy dissipation of a rotational flow ring dam and a device thereof. The device comprises a vertical well; the bottom of thevertical well is communicated with a horizontal energy dissipation hole; the energy dissipation hole is communicated with a flow guide hole; the inlet of the vertical well is provided with the ring dam; the inner ring of the ring dam is connected with a smooth contracted curved surface formed in the vertical well; the ring dam is externally provided with a plurality of flow guide piers; the central lines of the flow guide piers and the tangent lines of the flow guide piers form inclined angles Theta which is larger than and equal to 0 degree and is less than 45 degree; a connection part between the vertical well and the energy dissipation hole, which is relative to the energy dissipation hole, is provided with a space; the energy dissipation hole is provided with a water collecting pier and a contracting pier; and a plunge pool is arranged between the water collecting pier and the contracting pier. Because the flow guide piers are tangent with the edge of the ring dam or the flow guide piers are connected with the edge of the ring dam by forming a small angle, the water flow is rotary, and spiral flow moves in the vertical well. The invention has simple structure, convenient construction, less investment, no maintenance, good anticorrosion and energy dissipation effect, no pulverization phenomenon at the outlet of the flood discharging hole, and protects ecology environment.

The invention belongs to a flood discharge energy dissipation facility, and discloses a biological environment-friendly expansion-drop combination energy dissipater. The energy dissipater comprises a plurality of upstream flood discharge slots, flood discharge partition walls arranged among the upstream flood discharge slots, a flow picking structure arranged at the tail ends of the upstream flood discharge slots, a stilling basin arranged at the downstream of the flow picking structure, and a stilling basin tail weir and a downstream apron arranged at the downstream of the stilling basin, wherein the upstream flood discharging slots consist of a plurality of high-weir flood discharge slots and a plurality of low-weir flood discharge slots; and the high-weir flood discharge slots and the low-weir flood discharge slots are arranged in parallel from top to bottom. According to energy dissipater provided by the invention, the problem that the bottom plate of multi-strand flood discharge downstream stilling basin is suffered from the threat of vertical vortex under large flow; and moreover, under the promise that the energy dissipation efficiency of the bottom flow energy dissipater is improved, the gas super-saturation is reduced, and the influence to the downstream biological environment is reduced.

The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic and hydro-power engineering, and relates to a method for measuring the intensity of atomization rainfall formed by flood discharge in hydropower engineering. The method comprises the following steps of: collecting atomization rain by using two or three rain collecting tanks, wherein the shapes of the inlets of the rain collecting tanks is completely same, and each inlet plane is vertical to each other on space; respectively gathering the collected rainfall in corresponding water measuring tank by independent guide pipes to measure the intensity of the rainfall, and finally, calculating by subjecting the measured intensity of rainfall to a vectorial resultant to obtain the corresponding total atomization rainfall intensity and the rainfall direction. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for the observation of a model and a proto-model of the atomization rainfall in hydropower engineering, and the measured rainfall intensity data is excellent in regularity and high in precision, so that the research on the mechanism of atomization of flood discharge is prompted greatly, the atomization forecast accuracy of hydropower station engineering is enhanced, and the reliable guarantee is provided to the prevention of the disaster of atomization of flood discharge.

The invention discloses an automatic storage and discharge device for a dam. The automatic storage and discharge device comprises a plurality of dam piers which are arranged on the top surface of the dam; storage and discharge plates which are perpendicular to the top surface of the dam when standing still are arranged among the dam piers; the tops of the storage and discharge plates are articulated with the dam piers; a plate returning device is connected between the storage and discharge plates and the dam; the dam piers are layered in the vertical direction; the storage and discharge plates are connected among all layers of dam piers; when the water flow is normal, the storage and discharge plates are in the standing state and perpendicular to the top surface of the dam under the joint action of the plate returning device and a safety pin to ensure the slow water storage work in the dam; and when the flood peak arrives and the water level exceeds the warning state, the powerful impact must greatly exceeds the bearing capacity of the plate returning device and the safety pin, thus the storage and discharge plates can be naturally opened under the water pressure to realize the automatic discharge of the flood peak. Since multiple layers of storage and discharge devices are arranged, the automatic storage and discharge device is suitable for various large, medium and small reservoirs and can ensure safe and efficient flood discharge.

The invention mainly discloses a riverway chain bucket type dredging ship and a dredging construction method thereof. According to the technical scheme, the riverway chain bucket type dredging ship comprises a ship body, a control chamber, a retiring room, a support, at least two chain bucket conveying mechanisms and a sludge collecting bin. A lifting mechanism is arranged between each chain bucket conveying mechanism and the support. Moving devices and salvage devices connected with the moving devices are arranged on the two sides of the ship body, and a salvage basket and a power paddle are arranged on the rear side of the ship body. The method comprises the first step of construction preparation, the second step of chain bucket type dredging ship position adjustment, the third step of chain bucket conveying mechanism descending position control, the fourth step of dredging work conduction, the fifth step of sludge treatment work and the sixth step of subsequent work. By means of the method, sludge at the river bottom can be efficiently removed, objects floating on the river surface can be removed as well, suspension pollutants brought from the sludge during salvage work are eliminated, and a riverway is dredged; and the flood discharge capacity of the riverway is improved, the water quality is improved, and water pollution is reduced.

The invention discloses a cyclone shaft flood discharging tunnel system. The system comprises a gate chamber, an upper flat section, a volute chamber, a shrinkage section, a shaft straight section, an outlet pressure slope section, and a lower flat sluicing section on the back side of the outlet pressure slope section; the volute chamber is of a conical structure having the same one shrinkage slope rate with a lower shrinkage section and smoothly joined with the shrinkage section; and an edge wall, tangential to and joined with the volute chamber, of the upper flat section is an inclined edge wall having the same shrinkage slope rate with the volute chamber. The conical volute chamber cyclone shaft flood discharging tunnel can reduce the possibility of water directly falling to the bottom of a shaft at the tail end of the shrinkage section, improves the energy dissipation effect, meanwhile, reduces the height requirement of the volute chamber, reduces the excavation quantity, and saves the engineering investment.

The invention relates to a design method for reconstructing a diversion tunnel into a flood discharge tunnel in a 'tail-raising' mode. The design method is used for reconstructing the diversion tunnel into the flood discharge tunnel in the 'tail-raising' mode, wherein, a vertical shaft section and a horizontal turning section are additionally arranged at the tail of the diversion tunnel so that the horizontal height of the horizontal turning section is higher than that of the diversion tunnel. The design method has the advantages that the flood discharge tunnel reconstructed by the design method has a simple structure, and the construction process is easy to operate; stress state of an operating gate can be improved; and the problem of downstream energy dissipation is easily solved, and the manufacturing cost is lowered.