202 results about "Ventilation shaft" patented technology

A pre-fabricated building module containing components of a typical multi-story housing project and a corresponding method of installation. Each module is configurable to provide one of a variety of room and dual-room layouts. The module's design allows for road transportation and installation by a tower crane typically found in most multi-story construction projects. Module embodiments are provided for enabling drop-in, stack-in, or slide-in installation in most buildings. Each module is preferably stackable with another module of the same type and configured to provide a predetermined amount of support for loads in the surrounding structure. Each module preferably provides all necessary mechanical and electrical components including their section of risers and ventilation shaft, as well as fixtures, fittings, appliances, cabinets, etc. except for the exterior cladding of perimeter walls which are designed for on-site installation. Each module preferably includes panelized interior cladding for built-in room items enabling sub-assembly prefabrication.

PCT No. PCT / EP97 / 00657 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 14, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 14, 1998 PCT Filed Feb. 13, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO97 / 34454 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 18, 1997A cooler which can be fitted on a rear wall or a side wall or a door of a switching cabinet and can be connected thereto via an intake and an inlet aperture of an internal circuit. According to the invention, rain and dustproofing is improved because alongside a central ventilation shaft open at the top, the cooler housing has vertical ventilation chambers open at the top as part of an external circuit hermetically separated from the internal circuit, the top of the switching cabinet and cooler housing is covered by a roofing component spaced therefrom which projects on all sides beyond the control box and the cooler housing and leaves a peripheral ventilation slot opening downwards. The roofing component is divided by two partitions into three chambers which communicate with the ventilation shaft and both ventilation chambers in the cooler housing.

The invention relates to a long tunnel gallery ventilation technique, solving the problems that poor ventilation performance, high construction cost and hindering construction of the prior art, belonging to the field of tunnel construction technique, which is characterized in that an exhaust fan is arranged in the main tunnel to pump the foul air; the flat tunnel mouth has no plugging obstacle, and a plurality of blowers are arrange at the position having fresh air entering from the flat tunnel mouth; the blower transfers fresh air to different working positions via a blowing ventilator. The long tunnel gallery ventilation technique has the advantages that: 1. saving the length of laying air duct, in particular to long tunnel with considerable amount of ducts; 2. using low power jet blower instead the main blower to save electricity; 3. speeding up the discharge of the foul air, having good visible condition and enough oxygen content; 4. the smoke of working position is exhausted in short time which speeds up the construction; 5. the flat tunnel has no air dampers which realizes no obstacle plugging and the improvement of the traffic environment.

The invention discloses a city tunnel structure system, a city tunnel is equipped with a plurality of naturally ventilating vertical wells, the top end of the vertical well is communicated with the ground, the lower end of the vertical well is communicated with the inside of the tunnel. The vertical well is arranged on the top or side upper part of the tunnel along the length direction. The naturally ventilating vertical wells can be arranged continuously along the whole length of the tunnel, or discontinuously along the whole length of the tunnel, the largest distance between the vertical wells is preferably larger than 240 meters. The top end of the vertical well can be added with a wind cap, and an auxiliary ventilator is added when natural ventilation amount is adequate. The invention also discloses a city tunnel vertical well type natural ventilation and smoke control technology using the structure system, which is suitable for single cavity two-direction traffic tunnels, as well as double cavity two-direction traffic tunnels. The invention solves the problems of ventilation and smoke control of a city tunnel having a length ranging from 500 meters to 1500 meters, greatly saves the cost for tunnel construction and running, and reduces the emission concentration of pollutants at the outlet of the tunnel.

The invention discloses a road tunnel intercommunication type longitudinal ventilation mode. The road tunnel intercommunication type longitudinal ventilation mode is characterized in that: an underground fan room and a connection ventilation duct are arranged at an appropriate position between two adjacent tunnels; the underground fan rooms are used for installing ventilation fans; the connection ventilation ducts are used for connecting the air flow of two tunnels; the automobile tail gas, which is generated in sections from the underground fan rooms to outlets, of pure uphill tunnels or uphill-major tunnels (uphill tunnels for short) is diluted by using cleaner air in pure downhill tunnels or downhill-major tunnels (downhill tunnels for short); and the polluted air, which is generated in sections from inlets to the underground fan rooms, of the uphill tunnels is discharged through the outlets of the downhill tunnels. By adoption of the road tunnel intercommunication type longitudinal ventilation mode, ventilation equipment can be reduced, ventilation shafts, inclined shafts or electrostatic dust removal stations are eliminated, and ventilation power consumption in daily operation is low, so that civil engineering cost and operation cost are reduced.

The invention provides a shrink tunnel (10) for the heat shrink of a film surrounding articles (112), which is preferably used for the heat shrink of a film of a container (110).The shrink tunnel comprises at least one transportation section for the articles (112), at least one ventilation shaft (50) and at least one mechanism (60) for conveying the airflow (130) to the ventilation shaft.The ventilation shaft is equipped with at least one shaft wall (51) equipped with a plurality of jet nozzles (52) directed to the articles.The airflow is introduced into the interior of the shrink tunnel through the jet nozzles.The shaft wall is equipped with an adjusting unit for adjusting the quantity or a flow angle (beta) of the airflow in the interior of the shrink tunnel.The invention is to provide a setting or adjustment of the hot-air nozzles in a shrink tunnel, which allows a simple and rapid adaptation to the articles to be packaged.

The present invention relates to a tunnel air-exchange device, and more specifically to one in which: the air inside normal tunnels including tunnels through which vehicles run is cleaned and polluted internal tunnel air is expelled to the outside, to which end cold air, supplied to water tanks of different sizes provided in line at set intervals in the floor inside the tunnel, is used to ensure that the heavy soot and gases in the polluted hot air generated by vehicles, are sucked into the water tanks while the lighter foul air is discharged through chimneys by convection, thereby creating a pleasant tunnel environment by always maintaining clean air inside the tunnel; and which also extinguishes fires by spraying fire-extinguishing water during tunnel fires. Accordingly, the present invention combines a chimney effect with natural convection provided by the water tanks to exchange the air inside the tunnel and naturally expel polluted air, which is in contrast to exhaust fans of the prior art because there is no generation of noise or heat, and expenses can be reduced since there is no electrical consumption.

Apparatus for allowing ventilation as usual for underground tunnels through a ventilation shaft opening to atmosphere yet preventing underground flooding from surface waters pouring through the grate, comprises an assembly that fits within the ventilation shaft and includes one or more panels held in an upright home position that allows ventilation as usual but is releasable to rotationally gravitate to a lower sealing position closing a passage between the ventilation shaft and atmosphere to prevent water from entering the underground tunnels. A panel position indicator moves from a hidden position to a visible position with lowering of the panels to visually signify that the panels are lowered and that flooding protection is activated.

The invention provides a steeply inclined ore body room-and-pillar mining method, comprising the following steps: a traveling roadway is tunneled along the trend of the ore body; broken-ore troughs are tunneled in the traveling roadway at interval with the broken-ore troughs as junctions, two inclined shafts are tunneled toward the uphill direction to the top of a quarry; a rhombic ore block formed between the inclined shafts is mined from top to bottom in sequence; ore pillars are left in the rhombic ore block at interval; ores mined in the process of tunneling slip into the broken-ore troughs along the inclined shafts depending on self weight and then put into a mine car in the traveling roadway from the broken-ore troughs to be delivered; the tunneled inclined shafts in networked cross distribution can serve as a passage and an ore chute for the miners to go up and down and as a ventilation shaft and a workplace for rock drilling, ore breaking and blasting avoiding. The method is good in ventilation effect, safe, reliable, low in cost, simple in construction operation, high in ore recovery ratio and low in dilution ratio.

The invention discloses a whole section aeration method of a flood discharging tunnel. The bottom part of a free flow flood discharging tunnel is provided with a backward step and a ventilation shaft, which form bottom cavity aeration, based on which a lateral deflector is respectively arranged at side walls on two sides of the upstream of aeration backward step, therefore, an aeration side cavity is formed and the whole section aeration is further formed at the aeration backward step. The deflector inside the flood discharging tunnel with the whole section aeration structure designed according the method is a wedge deflector. Since the whole section aeration changes the former simplex method of bottom cavity aeration and guarantees the necessary aeration quantity when the flood discharging tunnel in normal operation, thus eliminating large-area fresh water flooding district at the side walls of the flood discharging tunnel and effectively avoiding the cavitation eroding damage of the side walls.

The invention discloses an entire-underground cable tunnel safety manhole being used also as a ventilation shaft, which pertains to the technical field of power supply and distribution circuits and comprises an underground firewall with a door, an aboveground firewall, a fire door, a propeller fan, a fire damper, a safety manhole, a vertical ladder, a stair hall, a sump pit and a dredge pump; wherein the safety manhole is also used as a ventilation shaft and adopts an entire-underground type. The entire-underground cable tunnel safety manhole has the advantages that: as the internal structure of the ventilation shaft is optimized, the requirements of ventilation, drainage, fire prevention and routing inspection of the cable tunnel are satisfied, and the entire structure of the ventilation shaft is arranged underground, thus solving the problem of the overall beautiful appearance of a factory and effectively reducing the construction cost. The channel and the ventilation opening of the ventilation shaft are integrated into one, thus being capable of being flexibly arranged without affecting the arrangement of other facilities on the ground in the factory district.

The invention discloses an underwater tunnel ventilation system and ventilation method. Two ends of a service tunnel are provided with ventilation shaft exhaust ducts and ventilation shaft air delivery ducts and are connected with the exhaust ducts and the air delivery ducts; each exhaust duct is communicated with one main tunnel via an exhaust connection duct; each air deliver duct is communicated with the other main tunnel by an air delivery connection duct; a replacement ventilation connection duct is arranged between the two main tunnels to communicate the two main ducts; fresh air enters the air delivery duct from the ventilation shaft air delivery ducts on two ends of the service tunnel, and enters one main tunnel via the air delivery connection duct; replacement axial fans are started to cause air flow in one main tunnel to enter the other main tunnel via the replacement ventilation connection duct, and polluted air is discharged from the ventilation shaft exhaust ducts via the exhaust connection duct and the exhaust ducts. According to the ventilation system, the service tunnel is used as an air duct to import fresh air into the tunnel and discharge the polluted air, and the difficulty that an artificial island ventilation shaft needs to be arranged in every multiple kilometres for a part, which passes through a water area, of the tunnel for a long distance is solved.

The invention relates to ventilation and fire control of road tunnels, in particular to a method for initiating a smoke outlet of the road tunnel. The method comprises a smoke vent arranged along the length direction of tunnel and a plurality of smoke outlets arranged at the top of the tunnel, wherein, the smoke vent is internally provided with a smoke exhaust blower, the smoke outlets are communicated by the smoke vent; the method is characterized in that the initiating method is : when a fire source appears, after the fire source position is fixed, two smoke outlets at the lower reaches of a fire source point and a smoke outlet at the upper reaches of the fire source point are initiated; the method has the advantages of optimizing smoke exhaust effect of the road tunnel, improving smoke control capacity, reducing influence range thereof on the basis of the same smoke exhaust configuration, effectively controlling proliferation of smoke within the range of 150m, maintaining fine smoke layering and providing relatively good safe space for the specialized personnel.

A method of controlling a building automation system (1) for controlling at least one device (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35) such as a window, blind, shutter, awning, door, ventilation shaft and / or light source, wherein said building automation system (1) comprises one or more controllable units (12, 13, 22, 23, 32, 33) being associated with said at least one device (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35). One or more mobile clients (4, 5) wirelessly transmits a client identifier (CI) for identifying the mobile client (4, 5), and a receiver (200) receives said client identifier(s) (CI) transmitted from said mobile clients (4, 5). The received data is processed based on client identifier information data (CII) comprising information of one or more registered client identifiers (CI) of mobile clients (4, 5), and client status information (CSI) comprising information of registered mobile client(s) (4, 5) registered as present, is updated according to said processing of received client identifiers (CI). This information is used for operating controllable units of the system according to different sets of predefined rules. The client identifier (CI) may be a MAC address and the transmitted client identifier (CI) may be used for user occupation presence detection. The disclosure moreover relates to a building automation system, a receiver and a software program product.

The invention discloses an argon blowing automatic connecting mechanism used in the steel-making process. The argon blowing automatic connecting mechanism comprises a pipeline, ladle joint components and ladle vehicle joint components, wherein the ladle joint components and the ladle vehicle joint components are automatically connected with each other in the form of direct contact of conical surfaces. The invention adopts a technical proposal that direct contact of a spherical head structure of a ventilation shaft during the assembly of ladle vehicle joints and a front end conical surface of a valve core during the assembly of ladle joints is adopted for sealing under the action of a spring force. Because various components all adopt high temperature resistant materials, the service life of the argon blowing automatic connecting mechanism is greatly increased from dozens of minutes to dozens of months. Moreover, the invention greatly reduces the cost, simultaneously reduces the replacement frequency, saves the effective working time and improves the production efficiency.

An improved arrangement for connection of a disconnectable spider buoy to an internal turret of a floating production storage and off loading vessel is disclosed. Risers from subsea wells are connected by quick disconnect / connection devices to pipes which run through the turret and then via a product swivel to lines leading to storage tanks on the vessel. A structure is provided to create an enclosed space to enclose the connection devices at the top of the spider buoy. A ventilation shaft runs from the enclosed volume to atmosphere via the top of the turret. A forced air line is provided into the enclosed space for ventilating the space via the ventilation shaft during normal operations. If a gas leak is sensed in the enclosed space, the forced air line is closed. The small volume which surrounds the connection devices quickly fills with hydrocarbon gas to produce a high gas / air ratio in the enclosed space which greatly reduces danger of explosion.

The invention discloses a tunnel air ventilation and purification structure, which comprises a tunnel body, wherein inner liner reinforcing ribs are uniformly distributed in the tunnel body. The tunnel air ventilation and purification structure is characterized in that both sides of the interior of the tunnel body are provided with air ventilation passages, and a separating plate is arranged in each air ventilation passage and is used for separating the corresponding air ventilation passage into an upper layer and a lower layer; motors are uniformly arranged at the upper layer of each air ventilation passage, and are connected with large belt wheels, small belt wheels are arranged at the lower layer of each air ventilation passage and are in transmission with the large belt wheels via belts, an air exhaust fan is arranged on each large belt wheel, and an air suction fan is arranged on each small belt wheel. The tunnel air ventilation and purification structure has the beneficial effects that the operation is simple, and the automation degree is high; the tunnel is quickly air-ventilated by the air pressure difference in the tunnel, and the waste gas of driving vehicles in the tunnel is sucked, purified and exhausted, so that the air pollution is reduced; the tunnel air ventilation and purification structure is suitable for being popularized and applied.

The invention relates to a solar energy pebble heat storage heating system, wherein a pebble heat storage layer is arranged below the indoor floor of a house, grid plates are arranged below the pebble heat storage layer, a suspended air channel is arranged between the grid plates and the ground, one side of the suspended air channel is communicated with an air inlet arranged at root of a wall of the house, the other side of the suspended air channel is communicated with an air outlet arranged at root of another wall of the house, a louver valve is arranged at the air inlet, an exhaust fan is arranged at the air outlet; a solar energy air collector, an air-in ventilation shaft and an air-out ventilation shaft are arranged above the roof of the house, the air outlet of the solar energy air collector is communicated with the air-in ventilation shaft and the suspended air channel, the air inlet of the solar energy air collector is communicated with the air-out ventilation shaft, and the lower end of the air-out ventilation shaft extends to the indoor of the house. The system solves the defect of the heating by using the solar energy air collector, namely the collector can not be used at night so that the solar energy air collector can not only use the solar energy in the day, but also use the solar energy at night for indoor heating, the consumption of conventional energy is reduced, and the discharge of carbon dioxide is also reduced.

The invention discloses a ventilating heat-dissipating support structure used for an ultrahigh geothermal tunnel. The ventilating heat-dissipating support structure comprises an initial-stage supportstructure, a waterproof layer structure, a heat insulating layer structure, a secondary lining structure, a ventilating heat-dissipating structure, a structure temperature measuring system and a transverse connecting tube, wherein the initial-stage support structure comprises an initial spraying structure and a re-spraying structure; the ventilating heat-dissipating structure is positioned in theinitial spraying structure; and the transverse connecting tube is used for connecting the ventilating heat-dissipating structure to a gas exchange system in the tunnel. According to the ventilating heat-dissipating support structure disclosed by the invention, the ventilating heat-dissipating structure is arranged in the initial-stage support structure, sub-grade type circulating ventilation is performed to realize air exchange between high-temperature gas inside the ventilating heat-dissipating structure and normal-temperature gas in the tunnel, good heat-dissipating effect is achieved, adverse effect, on the support structure, of high ground temperature is overcome, and integral durability of the funnel support structure under long-term high-temperature action is improved. The inventionfurther provides a using method of the ventilating heat-dissipating support structure used for the ultrahigh geothermal tunnel.

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture machinery, and in particular relates to a straight through jet aerator, which mainly comprises a main engine, a floating body mechanism and a waterproof cover, wherein the main engine is a hollow ventilation shaft motor; a motor shaft is connected with a hollow shaft through a coupler; a jet pipe is arranged outside the hollow shaft; theupper end of the jet pipe is connected with a flange of the motor, and the lower end of the jet pipe supports the hollow shaft through a water lubricated bearing; an axial flow impeller is arranged on a hollow shaft at the lower end of the hollow shaft; a main shaft of the hollow ventilation shaft motor is a hollow main shaft; a bearing is arranged between a shell and the main shaft; a stator is fixed on the shell; a lower end cover of the shell is provided with a flange; the lower end of the main shaft extends out of one end of the flange; the floating body mechanism is more than one hollow blow-molded floating pontoon which is provided with a supporting seat; the supporting seat is provided with a U-shaped groove; and a supporting post of the motor is arranged in the U-shaped groove.

The invention relates to a natural ventilation and natural smoke extraction system for an urban road tunnel. At the top of the road tunnel, ventilating shafts are arranged at intervals distance L, and each ventilating shaft enables the inner space of the tunnel to be communicated with the upper air outside the tunnel, the longitudinal length along the tunnel of the ventilating shaft at the top is W; a buried section is mounted between two adjacent ventilation shafts, a wedge structure is formed at the top of the buried section, the thickness of the wedge structure means the vertical distance H between the lowest point of the wedge structure and the bottom of the ventilation shaft. The natural ventilation and natural smoke extraction system fully utilizes the traffic wind power and the buoyancy of smoke gas, completely abandons the mechanical ventilation and mechanical smoke extraction scheme, thus saves a great deal of operational energy consumption. The smoke extraction has no flow disturbance caused by a fan in the exhaust process, and the smoke layer structure is stable, thus the exhaust smoke will not diffuse throughout the tunnel. The natural ventilation and natural smoke extraction system is utilized to escape, evacuate and rescue.

The invention discloses an edge-on cantilever type self-traveling concrete curing vehicle for a tunnel, which comprises a main framework, a spraying maintenance device and a traveling device, wherein the main framework comprises a chassis frame, a support frame, a support frame bearing plate and a spraying arc arch frame; the spraying maintenance device comprises a self-priming pump, a steel water storage tank, a water pipe, a water sprinkling pipe and a nozzle; and the traveling device comprises a traveling track wheel mounting frame, a track wheel and a gear motor. The edge-on cantilever type self-traveling concrete curing vehicle is of an edge-on type, a bizarre design is carried out on the spraying arc arch frame, the requirements for normal ventilation of a ventilating pipe in a tunnel and traveling clearance are met, the vehicle travels along one side during operation in the tunnel, a traveling clearance for passing other engineering vehicles is reserved on the other side, the vehicle can be operated along with other working procedures simultaneously with no mutual interference generating, and the construction progress is guaranteed effectively; the vehicle adopts a hinged type chassis frame, and thus has stronger trafficability when the ground is uneven or a small barrier is on the ground; and the vehicle is provided with a crosswise limiting device in the traveling direction to guarantee that the curing vehicle does not deflect, and is equipped with an automatic traveling and time control device, so that a specially-assigned person is not required for guarding and control.

A novel design and construction method for the creation of a Deployable Flexible Flood Mitigation Device manufactured from textile and membrane materials. The Flexible Flood Mitigation Device comprises a textile / membrane panel configured to be movable between an opened position and a closed position, wherein in the closed position, the panel forms a barrier against flood water; and a spool that is manually or electrically operated is used to move the panel from the closed position to the opened position. The spool can also be eliminated and the panel can be manually folded for storage. The Flexible Flood Mitigation Device can be configured for use in many applications including subway tunnels, vehicular tunnels, stairwells, ventilation shafts, and other openings that can be threatened by flooding. It can be used in any orientation (vertical, horizontal or at an angle with respect to gravity), and can stop fluids approaching from either side. It can also be shaped to fit any opening. Although its primary use is flood mitigation, the device is also applicable to containment of smoke from fire, chemical or biological agents, or other transient media.

A backsplash includes a faucet that provides point-of-use dispensing of water to a cooktop container. The backsplash includes controls that allow a user to select a desired amount of water to be dispensed, as well as the temperature of water to be dispensed. A filter assembly includes a replaceable filter that allows for filtered water dispensation. Optionally, the backsplash can be connected to one or more appliances in the kitchen in order to communicate information and / or power. The backsplash may also include a ventilation channel to direct vented air from a range to a ventilation shaft.

A novel design and construction method for the creation of a deployable flexible flood mitigation wall manufactured from textile and membrane materials. The flexible flood mitigation wall system comprises a textile / membrane wall and support posts configured to be movable between a stowed position and a deployed position and wherein, in the deployed position, the wall forms a leak-free barrier against flood water or other fluids. A series of posts that are manually deployed is used to support the fabric wall when hydrostatically challenged, and transfer loads to the ground. The wall is stored at the point of use in a surface box or trench box and keeps the loading from the flood water off the building, structure or equipment being protected. The flexible flood mitigation wall can be configured for use in many applications including entire buildings, building entrances, transit system passages such as ventilation shafts or elevator shafts, windows, stairwells, and other openings that can be threatened by flooding. It can be continuous such that it surrounds structures such as buildings and power substations, homes, or segmented, such that it can be used to seal openings of all kinds including human or vehicle doorways. It can be tailored to fit any opening and water height.

The invention discloses a system and a method for independently carrying out natural ventilation of a tunnel through a solar air pump. The system comprises a ventilation shaft arranged on a mountain above the tunnel in a penetration manner, wherein a sola air pump system is arranged at the outlet end of the ventilation shaft; the sola air pump system is capable of heating the air of the outlet end of the ventilation shaft and pumping polluted air in the tunnel out via negative pressure formed after the hot air quickly flows out of the ventilation shaft; the solar air pump system comprises a solar water heater unit and a chimney; the solar water heater unit is arranged on the mountain and constituted by a plurality of parallel solar water heaters; the chimney is connected to the outlet end of the ventilation shaft; a heat exchanger is arranged in the chimney; the outlet end of the solar water heater unit is connected to the inlet end of the heat exchanger; the outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the solar water heater unit. According to the system and the method, the cooperation of a power-driven ventilator is not needed; through heat energy storage of intermediate medium water, the ideal effect of independently carrying out natural ventilation of the tunnel under the condition without power consumption is ensured.

The invention specifically relates to an energy-saving rapid construction method for ventilating shafts of tunnels, which solves the problem that shortcomings exist in the construction on the existing ventilating shafts of tunnels by using a downward driving method. The method comprises the following steps of: a, measuring the position of a positioned shaft; b, carrying out strengthening construction on the geologic status of a shaft mouth, meanwhile, excavating a vertical ballast-discharge hole downwards from the shaft mouth, and carrying out excavation from the front hole of a tunnel to the position of the shaft until the excavating position meets the vertical ballast-discharge hole; c, carrying out shaft excavation by using a drilling and blasting combined method; d, when the shaft is excavated to a certain depth, carrying out secondary lining construction on the upper part of the shaft, wherein the secondary lining construction and the shaft construction are performed synchronously; and e, installing a shaft ventilating device. According to the invention, through adopting a mode of carrying out equidirectional and synchronous operation flow on the shaft excavation construction and the shaft secondary-lining construction, the method has the significant advantages of small safety risk, high construction speed, high working efficiency, energy saving, consumption reduction, easiness in construction drainage in shafts, low comprehensive construction cost, and capabilities of reducing the equipment investment, saving the occupied land and the cost of ecological restoration engineering, and obviously improving the construction work environment.

The invention relates to a shaft-type daylighting and ventilation device and a method thereof. A daylighting and ventilation pipe and a pipeline form a shaft, wherein a multistage reflection device is arranged in the shaft and fixed in a special position of the shaft, and external light enters into the shaft through a top photic plate to realize the internal daylighting function of the shaft. An exhaust outlet and an exhaust fan are arranged at the upper part of a ventilation shaft; each floor is connected to a daylighting shaft; and an exhaust outlet is arranged at the lower part of the floor, so that contaminated air in rooms can be exhausted from the exhaust outlet at the lower part. The invention can be widely applied to devices built and equipped in various shafts and the application method of the devices, can realize an industrialized, normalized and universalized energy conservation and emission reduction method for a building, and belongs to the daylighting and ventilation fields of buildings.

The invention discloses a ventilation structure of a mined metro station in a mountain city and a construction method thereof. The construction demolition area and investment cost are reduced effectively, and the engineering risk of opening on a main structure is reduced. The ventilation structure comprises a metro station and an up-going running tunnel and a down-going running tunnel, and the up-going running tunnel and the down-going running tunnel pass through the metro station longitudinally. An exhaust channel is arranged on the end wall of a station hall, located at one end of the station, of the metro station, and the outer end of the ventilation channel is connected with centrally-arranged ventilation shaft transverse channels to form a fresh air / exhaust channel. The ventilation shaft transverse channels, the up-going running tunnel and the down-going running tunnel and the exhaust channel are arranged in the delta-shaped mode, and fresh air, exhaust air and piston air is vented from the ground through the centrally-arranged ventilation shaft transverse channels and a ventilation shaft.