76 results about "Air well" patented technology

PCT No. PCT / EP97 / 00657 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 14, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 14, 1998 PCT Filed Feb. 13, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO97 / 34454 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 18, 1997A cooler which can be fitted on a rear wall or a side wall or a door of a switching cabinet and can be connected thereto via an intake and an inlet aperture of an internal circuit. According to the invention, rain and dustproofing is improved because alongside a central ventilation shaft open at the top, the cooler housing has vertical ventilation chambers open at the top as part of an external circuit hermetically separated from the internal circuit, the top of the switching cabinet and cooler housing is covered by a roofing component spaced therefrom which projects on all sides beyond the control box and the cooler housing and leaves a peripheral ventilation slot opening downwards. The roofing component is divided by two partitions into three chambers which communicate with the ventilation shaft and both ventilation chambers in the cooler housing.

The invention relates to a matlike foam material stock which is suitable more particularly for purposes of air purification and / or air filtration and can be used preferably for installation in ceilings and ceiling systems, walls and wall systems, air-conditioning devices, ventilation shafts, as building material or the like. The matlike foam material stock comprises a gas-permeable, more particularly air-permeable, matlike three-dimensional support, the support being formed as an open-cell or open-pore foam, more particularly foam material, and an odorant- and / or noxiant-sorbing material being taken up or provided in the support, the odorant- and / or noxiant-sorbing material being designed as an odorant- and / or noxiant-sorbing, more particularly odorant- and / or noxiant-adsorbing, sorbent based on discrete sorptive particles, the sorptive particles being fixed on the support, more particularly on the walls of the cells or pores of the foam, more particularly foam material.

The invention relates to a natural ventilation method in a high rise building and a device thereof. The device is characterized in that the roof of the high rise building is provided with a wind receiving tower and an air pulling tower, wherein the wind receiving tower is provided with a plurality of wind receiving paths; the paths are communicated with an air shaft; the air shaft is communicated with a plurality of rooms in the high rise building via gas pipes; the air pulling tower is communicated with one air pulling well; the air pulling well is communicated with a plurality of rooms in the high rise building via suction pipes; the top of the air pulling tower is in a circular arc shape; and a plurality of air outlets are arranged below the top. A plurality of wind receiving paths of the wind receiving tower can receive wind from each direction, and the wind enters a plurality of rooms in the building via the gas pipes. When airflow flows through the circular-arc top of the air pulling tower, flow rate is quickened, pressure is lowered, and air in the air pulling well is sucked and is discharged from the air outlet; negative pressure in the air pulling well causes air in the room to enter the air pulling well via a suction pipe; and the operation is continuously carried out like this, the room can continuously obtain fresh air under the condition that the window is closed.

The invention relates to a novel livestock and poultry multi-story building ventilation system. The ventilation system is arranged in a livestock and poultry building; the livestock and poultry building is communicated with an air shaft; an exhaust fan is arranged on a wall body of the air shaft in a concentrated mode; a summer ventilation system comprises a summer ventilation pipe; the summer ventilation pipe is arranged above a feeding layer; multiple summer air outlet pipes with different angles are distributed at the bottom of the summer ventilation pipe; a winter ventilation system comprises a winter ventilation pipe; the winter ventilation pipe comprises a preheating section and an air outlet section; the preheating section is arranged in a preheating air duct; one end of the preheating section is communicated with the bottom end of an air chamber through an adjustable winter air inlet; the other end of the preheating section is connected with the air outlet section through a connecting section; the air outlet section is also arranged above the feeding layer; and multiple air outlet pipes with the length directly reaching the downstream of the feeding layer are distributed at the bottom of the air outlet section. The summer air outlet pipes blow air to the pig body in three directions, so that the optimal air speed, air volume and air blowing position can be provided for the pig. The winter air outlet pipes are conveyed to the ground position, hot vitiated air is squeezed out of a ceiling from the bottom, and an air outlet can be adjusted, so that the optimal air volume can be provided.

The invention discloses an air well patrol system. The air well patrol system comprises a horizontal circumferential traction mechanism, a vertical traction mechanism and a patrol robot; the patrol robot comprises a robot shell, and further comprises a carrying table; an annular orbit is arranged on the carrying table; the orbit is connected with an image acquisition cradle head in a sliding manner; a rotating wheel is connected below the image acquisition cradle head through a driving motor; the rotating wheel is connected with the orbit in the sliding manner; a cable holding mechanism is fixed to the interior of the robot shell; the cable holding mechanism is fixed to the interior of the cable holding mechanism; the image acquisition cradle head comprises a camera, a control module and awireless transmission module; and a moving trolley, a motor, a ground traction device and a downhole traction device are all connected with the control module. The air well patrol system can move upand down in the vertical direction of an air well, monitor a wellbore in a climbing process, and can also perform all-directional monitoring on the circumferential direction of the wellbore. In addition, the air well patrol system is stable in operation and convenient to use, and can adapt to various complicated working environments.

The invention belongs to the technical field of city underground comprehensive pipe galleries, and particularly relates to a safety device for preventing road rainwater from entering an underground comprehensive pipe gallery. The safety device comprises a base, a cover plate and a hydraulic cylinder; and one side of the cover plate is hinged to the base, the hydraulic cylinder comprises a piston rod and a hydraulic cylinder barrel, one end of the piston rod is connected to the hydraulic cylinder barrel in a sliding manner, and the other end of the piston rod is hinged to the lower surface of the cover plate. The safety device is installed at the bottom of a ventilating shaft, parts like civil engineering structures do not need to be additionally arranged, installation is convenient, and cost is saved. When waterlogging happens in a city, as the road rainwater accumulation depth is increased, when the accumulated water height is larger than the height of the bottom of a window-shade installed in a comprehensive pipe gallery ventilating shaft and rainwater overflows and enters the comprehensive pipe gallery, the safety device will be automatically closed, the aim of preventing the comprehensive pipe gallery from water logging is achieved, and safety of the comprehensive pipe gallery is guaranteed. After the road water accumulation height is reduced, accumulated water at the upper portion of the safety device is removed through a drainage facility, then the safety device is opened, and normal work of a ventilation opening is recovered.

The invention relates to the field of urban cleaning, in particular to a sewer inspection well cover for cleaning garbage based on water flow power, which comprises an open well grating cover, a closed circular cover, a well cover outer ring, an inclined grid plate, a water power rotating component and the like. The open-air well grating cover is installed at a sewer water outlet, a sealing round cover is hinged to the open-air well grating cover, a well lid outer ring is fixedly connected to the bottom face of the open-air well grating cover, the inclined grid plate is fixedly connected to the middle in the well lid outer ring, and a water power rotating assembly is fixedly connected into the well lid outer ring. The garbage scraping assembly and the scraping rod rotate to push garbage impurities on an arc-shaped filtering grid into the loading lifting barrel, the situation that too many garbage impurities on the arc-shaped filtering grid block the arc-shaped filtering grid, and consequently water flow cannot flow is prevented, when the scraping rod rotates, the water flow flows out through a groove hole in the scraping rod, and the situation that the water flow exerts pressure on the scraping rod is prevented. The garbage impurities are secondarily filtered through the slotted holes in the loading lifting cylinder, so that the garbage impurities are further prevented from entering a sewer.

The invention relates to the field of buildings, in particular to a landscape air shaft and a building. The landscape air shaft is communicated with a basement of the building and an external space of the building and comprises a plurality of side walls, a bottom plate and a cover plate. The side walls and the bottom plate are arranged below an outdoor grade level of the building to form an air shaft cavity with the top open, the opening is communicated with an upper space of the outdoor grade level, and at least one of the side walls is provided with a ventilation port communicated with the basement. The cover plate is arranged at the opening of the air shaft and approximately flushes with the outdoor grade level of the building, and a grating cover plate or a metal grating plate serves as the cover plate. Due to the fact that an air outlet of the landscape air shaft is integrated with the indoor grade level to form a uniform landscape, damages and occupancy of building facades or external landscapes due to protrusion of a traditional air shaft protruding out of the earth's surface are avoided, and more activity spaces can be created for people to have various social activities.

The invention discloses an underground substation ventilation shaft. The underground substation ventilation shaft comprises an air inlet shaft for air inlet and an air exhaust shaft for air exhaust, wherein the air inlet shaft and the air exhaust shaft are symmetrically arranged; the air inlet shaft and the air exhaust shaft each comprise a structural wall body, rainproof shutters, electric glass windows, air inlets and outlets and a draught fan, wherein the structural wall bodies are used for separating the ventilation shaft from other rooms of a substation and partially protrude out of the ground; the rainproof shutters are embedded in the structural wall bodies on the ground; the electric glass windows are arranged on the inner sides of the rainproof shutters, electrically connected with electric devices and controlled by the electric devices to be opened and closed; the air inlets and outlets are formed in the underground portions of the structural wall bodies and used for airflow circulation between the ventilation shaft and other rooms of the substation; and the draught fans are used for providing power for airflow circulation. The problem that adverse wind ventilation is not smooth due to wind direction change is avoided, and meanwhile the problem that the lighting effect of the ventilation shaft is poor can be solved under the condition that ventilation is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a power generation device capable of increasing the static pressure of a fan to recover mine return air flow energy. The power generation device comprises a wind tunnel, one end of the wind tunnel is connected with the fan, the fan and a return air well opening are correspondingly installed, the other end of the wind tunnel is bent upwards and provided with a wind energy converter in a matched mode, the input end of the wind energy converter is connected with a wind wheel located at an outlet of the wind tunnel, and the wind wheel is connected with a generator set through the output end of the wind energy converter. The wind energy converter comprises an input shaft, a lower support is rotationally installed at the lower end of the input shaft, and the wind wheel and the input shaft are integrally installed and located above the lower support. An upper support is rotatably installed in the middle of the input shaft, and an annular supporting beam connected with the other end of the wind tunnel is installed between the lower support and the upper support. Through the wind tunnel, the wind wheel, the wind energy converter and the generator set, one part of the mine return air flow energy is recycled and converted into electric energy, and the other part is converted into static pressure energy of the wind wheel.

The invention relates to a remediation technology in the field of soil pollution treatment, and particularly discloses an in-situ remediation system for contaminated soil and a method for remediatingammonia nitrogen contaminated soil by using the remediation system. The remediation system for the contaminated soil comprises a ventilation shaft, an extraction well, a gas extraction device, a gas-liquid separation device, a gas treatment device and a waste liquid collection device, wherein the gas treatment device is an acid washing tower. According to the invention, ammonia nitrogen gas is extracted from the ammonia nitrogen contaminated soil through the gas extraction device in the remediation system, and is then separated from water by using the gas-liquid separation device; the separated ammonia nitrogen gas is subjected to acid pickling via the gas treatment device; and waste liquid is collected through the waste liquid collection device. The soil remediation system and method provided by the invention are low in cost, safe and controllable in use and capable of rapidly remediating the ammonia nitrogen contaminated soil, and overcome the problem of secondary pollution to environment.

The invention discloses a nuclear power plant spent fuel vertical storage dry shaft, which comprises a concrete base plate, a dry shaft and at least one ventilation shaft surrounding the dry shaft. The concrete base plate comprises an earth surface concrete plate and an underground concrete plate buried underground. The dry shaft is provided with a bottom located on the underground concrete plate,a top air outlet located above the ground surface concrete plate, and a dry shaft body located between the bottom air outlet and the top air outlet, at least one supporting bracket is arranged in theheight direction of the dry shaft body, and a spent fuel storage tank located at the bottom of the dry shaft and at least one spent fuel storage tank located on the supporting bracket are stored in the height direction of the dry shaft body. The bottom of the ventilation shaft is located on the underground concrete plate and communicated with the dry shaft, the ventilation shaft is provided witha top air outlet communicated with the natural environment, external natural air enters the bottom of the dry shaft from the top air outlet of the ventilation shaft, and decay heat of a spent fuel assembly in the spent fuel storage tank is discharged into the surrounding environment from the top air outlet of the dry shaft.

The invention relates to the technical field of mine purification, in particular to a dust removal device for a ventilation system of a coal mine shaft, which comprises a moving frame movably arranged in a ventilation shaft, a moving mechanism is mounted on the moving frame, a dust collection mechanism is mounted in the middle of the moving frame, and the dust collection mechanism is matched with the moving mechanism. A sweeping frame is rotationally installed at the end of the moving frame, a sweeping mechanism is movably arranged on the sweeping frame, and an ecological negative ion emitter is installed at the end, away from the sweeping frame, of the moving frame. By arranging the moving mechanism, through adjustment of the moving mechanism, the whole dust removal device can adapt to ventilation hoistways of different sizes in a coal mine ventilation system, and the whole dust removal device is convenient to use; by arranging the dust collection mechanism, in the adjustment process of the moving mechanism, the distance between the dust collection mechanism and the inner wall of the ventilation shaft in the coal mine well ventilation system can be adjusted, and dust on the inner wall of the ventilation shaft in the coal mine well ventilation system can be conveniently adsorbed by the dust collection mechanism.

The invention discloses a method for utilizing a goaf as a total return air well of a mine. The method comprises steps of selecting an available goaf and filling each stope goaf therein for a metal mine of underground mining of an very thin ore body, a thin ore body or a medium-thick ore body which are steeply-inclined, safely treating a passage therein, and subjecting surrounding passages communicating with the passage to anti-leakage treatment; communicating the middle gallery of the lower end of the goaf with a centralized return air well of a lower mining ore body, taking the middle gallery of the upper end of the selected goaf as a total return air well, and gathering all or part of return air of polluted air of the lower to-be-mined ore body to a total return air gallery via a stoperaise in the goaf for being discharged to the ground. The goaf passage is used as the total return air well or the newly added total return air well. While improving the mine ventilation system, the mine without the special total return air well is not required for digging a special return air well, so that the mine of the small special return air well section does not need to expand the section of the special return air well, which greatly reduces the cost of mining.

The invention discloses a sudden-expansion and sudden-fall radial gate rear side wall aeration structure, and belongs to the field of water conservancy and hydropower. The structure comprises a radial gate, side walls, a bottom plate, a ventilation shaft, a sudden-expansion and sudden-fall water stop mechanism and side wall aeration mechanisms, wherein the side walls are located on the two sides of the bottom plate, a water flow channel is formed between the side walls and the bottom plate, the radial gate is installed on the water flow channel, the ventilation shaft is located on the downstream of the radial gate and communicates with a cavity area on the top of downstream flood discharge water flow, the sudden-expansion and sudden-fall water stopping mechanism is located on the upstream of the radial gate, and the side wall aeration mechanisms are located on the two side walls of the downstream of the ventilation shaft. According to the side wall aeration structure, under the condition that the width of an original flood discharge tunnel is not expanded, the multiple stages of side walls which are shrunk inwards firstly and then expanded laterally are arranged on the two side walls of the downstream of the ventilation shaft, water flow passes through the multiple stages of side walls after impacting the side walls through the gate, the water flow is fully aerated, the water flow on the side walls does not have a clear water area any more, and the side walls are not subjected to cavitation damage any more.

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a device for installing an air pipe in a narrow vertical shaft and a hoisting method. The device comprises a main support, and the main support is arranged at an air pipe well and fixedly connected with an inner wall of a building and the ground; a lifting device is arranged on the main support, the lifting device is connected with a hoop device through a lifting cable, and the hoop device is used for tightly holding an upper end opening of an air pipe joint and driving the air pipe joint to ascend and descend under the action of the lifting device; and the hoop device comprises a set of holding edge strips which are oppositely arranged, and at least two opposite pull rods used for adjusting the relative distance of the holding edge strips are arranged on the holding edge strips. The lower end of the lifting cable is connected with the holding edge strips. An air pipe section is lifted and dropped back through the lifting device, an upper-section air pipe and a lower-section air pipe are connected, and the problem that installation is inconvenient in the narrow space of the air well is solved; and meanwhile, the multiple sections of air pipes are assembled into the air pipe section in advance, then hoisting installation is conducted, and the installation efficiency and reliability of the air pipe are greatly improved.

The invention relates to a lifting-type vent for an underground building. The lifting-type vent for the underground building is characterized in that a foldable air duct and a lifting device are arranged on the inner side of a vent shaft; the foldable air duct and the lifting device are both fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the vent shaft; the upper end of the lifting device is connected with the upper end of the foldable air duct; a vent grating is arranged on the top of the foldable air duct; at a normal vent working condition, the lifting device and the foldable air duct are at a contraction state; the vent grating on the top of the foldable air duct is flush with the shaft opening of the vent shaft; and at an accident vent working condition, the lifting device is triggered to lift upwards, and the foldable air duct extends upwards along with rising of the lifting device, so that the vent grating at the top of the foldable air duct is higher than the shaft opening of the vent shaft by a certain safe distance. According to the lifting-type vent for an underground building, the height of the vent of the vent shaft is automatically adjusted according to the normal vent or accident vent working condition; during normal vent, the vent grating can be flush with the ground or is convex slightly so that a surrounding landscape is not affected; during accident vent, the vent is lifted, so that safe height and warning requirement is met; and the lifting-type vent for the underground building is simple in structure and low in cost.

The invention provides a pumped storage power station inclined shaft tunnel appearance inspection and measurement device and an arrangement method. The arrangement method comprises the following stepsthat S1, a measurement trolley is installed on a lower adit section in a tunnel; S2, driving equipment is installed at a preset position outside a ventilation wellhead; S3, according to the moving track of the bearing rope, guide wheels are arranged at the corners of the wall of the tunnel correspondingly; and S4, a balance weight is installed at a bottom end of the bearing rope, the bottom end of the bearing rope is lowered to the lower adit section in the tunnel from the ventilation wellhead to be connected with the measuring trolley, and the measuring trolley is dragged through the bearingrope to observe the wall of the inclined shaft. The method is advantaged in that an appearance detection problem of an existing large-dip-angle large-diameter inclined shaft is solved, risks caused in the manual detection process in the prior art are avoided, and the method has advantages of being simple in structure, easy to operate, good in detection effect and the like.

A method and structure for shallow-hole ore-retaining and subsequent filling mining with combined mining of inner and outer patios. This method alternately arranges ore chambers and inter-columns along the strike of the ore body, and constructs inner and outer patios on the inter-column in the vein and outside the footwall. The inner patio runs through the whole stage, the height of the outer patio is half of the stage height, and the mining standards of adjacent mine houses are not shared; the body to be mined in the mine house is divided into upper and lower parts vertically. When the lower ore body is mined, personnel, etc. The stope is entered and exited through the in-vein courtyard. When the upper ore body is mined, the stope is entered and exited through the outer-vein courtyard and the upper section of the inner-vein courtyard; the back-air well is arranged at the end of the mine house, and the fresh air flow enters through the inner and outer pedestrian courtyard and stope connection road In the stope, the polluted air is discharged to the upper-stage return air system through the filling return air shaft; compared with the related art, the mining method of the present invention is used to mine the thin ore veins with steep inclination and crushing, which can greatly improve the ore recovery rate, production efficiency and operation safety. Reduce engineering maintenance costs and improve ventilation.

The invention belongs to natural ventilation arrangement of an enclosure building in the field of constructional engineering. According to the basic technology, the natural ventilation arrangement is formed by arranging four building bodies in a surrounding mode, and an opened courtyard space is formed in the middle of the natural ventilation arrangement. One layer of the building body located on the windward side is composed of air guide building blocks, wherein the height of the air guide construction blocks is equal to the height of the layer, and vertical air guide channels are formed between the air guide building blocks so that air can enter the courtyard space from the air guide channels. A water pool is arranged in the courtyard space. Ventilation wells are arranged in the building bodies located on the non-windward faces. The ventilation openings of the ventilation wells are formed in building windward faces facing the courtyard space. Ventilation routes are located between the ventilation openings and a top layer. The physical arrangement of the building is used, organized natural ventilation of the surrounded courtyard space and the inner portion of the building is achieved, the ecology environment of the building is achieved, and the energy consumption is lowered.

A mining method for downward cementing and filling without top pillars in combined sections and stopes: the stope layout is divided into two side-by-side stopes according to the middle section; in the quasi-cutting project, the raised shaft is directly connected to the two middle sections of the well at one time , a raised well controls the left and right stopes; the cutting roadway lowers the height of the filling body by one layer compared with the conveying vein roadway, and eliminates the original top pillar; the mining process adopts the approach type downward mining, and the mining operation is in the upper layer of filling Under the body, it is supported by anchor nets on the upper wall; the ventilation support project uses the ventilation shaft along the road to return air, and the pipe-slit anchor rod combined with steel mesh is used to support the upper wall; the filling project reserves pedestrian wells along the road, along the road Ventilation shafts, end-side shafts; the mining method of the present invention has the advantages of low dilution loss rate, simple construction technology, small construction work volume, good ventilation in the stope, high safety, and low mining cost, and is suitable for weak, broken, and steep slopes. Thin vein mining offers an excellent solution.

The invention discloses a goaf buried pipe cold water cooling and nitrogen injection system, comprising an industrial chiller and a water inlet pipeline, the water inlet pipeline is connected to the industrial chiller through a three-way valve, and the three-way valve is a The other end of the ground nitrogen generator is connected to the ground nitrogen generator. The water inlet pipeline passes through the auxiliary shaft, the mine transportation alley, the pedestrian air inlet inclined alley, the transportation uphill and the section transportation alley, and the end of the water inlet pipe passes through a three-way The second valve is connected with a U-shaped pipeline group. The U-shaped pipeline group is composed of a plurality of U-shaped single pipes in series. A safety valve is installed in the U-shaped single pipe, and a return valve is installed at the return water end. The return water valve is connected with the return water pipeline, and the return water pipeline passes through the section return air lane, the return air uphill, the return air alley and the return air well in turn, and the end of the return water pipeline is connected with the hot water utilization device , A water pump is provided between the return water pipeline and the hot water utilization device, and the hot water utilization device communicates with the industrial chiller.

The invention provides a hydrodynamic anti-backflow air shaft, and relates to the technical field of underground buildings. The hydrodynamic anti-backflow air shaft comprises a shaft enclosure wall, an outer wall and an enclosure, wherein the shaft enclosure wall is arranged around a shaft mouth of a shaft, the upper end of the shaft enclosure wall is encircled to form a ventilation opening, and the shaft mouth of the shaft is in communication with the outside only through the ventilation opening; the outer wall is arranged around the shaft enclosure wall, and a mounting space is reserved between the outer wall and the shaft enclosure wall; and the enclosure is located between the shaft enclosure wall and the outer wall, the enclosure is arranged around the shaft enclosure wall, and the enclosure can vertically move along with the change of the height of the water level in the mounting space. According to the hydrodynamic anti-backflow air shaft, the water retaining height is increased, and accumulated water is prevented from flowing backwards into a ventilation shaft; the structure is reliable, external force driving is not needed, and maintenance cost is low.

The invention relates to a reverse drilling construction method of a high-gas and outburst-coal-seam fresh air shaft, and belongs to the field of coal mine fresh air shaft construction. The reverse drilling construction method of the high-gas and outburst-coal-seam fresh air shaft comprises the steps of constructing a bearing platform on the earth surface of a fresh air shaft, and arranging a drilling platform; connecting a drill rod with a construction drill bit with a propelling system, a water tail and a pump station; starting drilling from the earth surface, passing through a rock stratum,and penetrating through a coal seam until arriving at a concentrated air return way under a coal mine; unloading the construction drill bit; lowering the drill rod into the concentrated air return way under the coal mine, and connecting with the tapered drill bit; drilling toward the earth surface from the concentrated air return way under the coal mine, lowering the drill rod with the tapered drill bit into the concentrated air return way under the coal mine, unloading the tapered drill bit, and connecting a construction platform with the drill rod; applying a drilling machine to construct gas extraction drilling in the coal seam, connecting the tapered drill bit with the drill rod after the coal seam gas content reaches to an allowable exposed threshold value, and perpendicularly drilling toward the direction of the earth surface until arriving at the earth surface. After a fresh air shaft body is formed, spouting and reinforcing are carried out on the inner part of the fresh air shaft from the underground coal mine to the earth surface.

The invention relates to the technical field of building ventilation, and aims to provide a socket-type air pipe connection fixture, including a connecting piece, the connecting piece includes a connecting pipe and a limiting strip, and the limiting strip is arranged on the outer wall of the connecting pipe , the two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively located in the adjacent air pipe, the connecting pipe and the air pipe are in interference fit, and the adjacent air pipe is located on both sides of the limit bar. When installing the air duct, the present invention can make the installation efficiency of the air duct higher, and does not need to leave a construction space for workers to install bolts and nuts between the side wall of the civil air shaft and each side wall of the air duct, and can make The air duct requires less installation space.

The invention provides a tunnel ventilation opening structure which comprises a tunnel main hole used for normal passing of vehicles and arrangement of ancillary facilities. The connection channel is used for communicating the tunnel main hole with the ventilation shaft; the widened belt is used for converting air flow and facilitating turning of construction vehicles, the widened belt and the connection channel are arranged on the same side, the connection channel intersects with the outline of the widened belt, a ventilation window is formed in the arch portion of the tunnel main hole at the intersection position of the connection channel and the axis of the connection channel, and the ventilation window is communicated with the ventilation window. And the inner contour of the broadband is the same as that of the tunnel emergency parking strip. The tunnel ventilation opening structure is simple in structure, reasonable in stress, simple, practical, convenient to construct, high in safety, convenient to operate, maintain and manage, and capable of effectively achieving coordination and consideration of tunnel ventilation, construction and operation management.

The present invention relates to a method for calculating the amount of sand settling at the bottom of a well during the drilling and production of marine natural gas hydrate. The solid-state equivalent volume flow Q of the volume flow of natural gas returned from the empty wellhead hyd1 (t); step 3, calculate the solid-state equivalent volume flow rate Q of natural gas completely decomposed by the hydrate particles returned from the annular wellhead hyd2 (t); step 4, calculate the gas hydrate solid equivalent volume flow rate Q in the process of drilling and production hyd (t); step 5, calculate the volume rate Q of mud sand contained in the wellbore annulus s (t); Step 6, calculating the bottom-hole sand settlement rate Q ss (t); Step 7, calculating the bottom sand volume V ss (t), that is, the amount of sand at the bottom of the well at the specified mining time. The invention can conveniently calculate the bottom-hole sand sedimentation amount of the marine natural gas hydrate layer during the jet fragmentation process under the on-site construction conditions, so as to provide a basis for safe drilling and avoid safety accidents.

The invention discloses a double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel ventilation system. The double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel ventilation system comprises a pilot tunnel or a service tunnel arranged between two main line tunnels, and main line tunnels are provided with a first shoreside ventilation shaft and a second shoreside ventilation shaft communicating with the two main line tunnels at two shoresides of a water area respectively; the first shoreside ventilation shaft is provided with a first air supply shaft and a first air exhaust shaft communicating with the ground atmosphere; the second shoreside ventilation shaft is provided with a second air supply shaft and a second air exhaust shaft communicating with the ground atmosphere; sections of the main line tunnels are provided with a traffic lane, a top space of the traffic lane is a discharge flue, a plurality of jet fans are hung at a top part of the traffic lane, a water area air feeder room is arranged between the main line tunnel and the service tunnel or the pilot tunnel, the first first air supply shaft, the second air supply shaft and the water area air feeder room are internally provided with air feeding fans and air feeding valves; and a water area exhaust valve is arranged between a discharge flue and the main line tunnel. The invention further discloses a corresponding ventilation method. The system has advantages of a good ventilation effect, safe operation, low cost and efficient civil engineering structure utilization.