15260 results about "Thermal efficiency" patented technology

In a combined steam and gas turbine engine cycle, a combustion chamber is made durable against high pressure and enlarged in length to increase the operation pressure ratio, without exceeding the heat durability temperature of the system while increasing the fuel combustion gas mass flow four times as much as the conventional turbine system and simultaneously for greatly raising the thermal efficiency of the system and specific power of the combined steam and gas turbine engine.Water pipes and steam pipes are arranged inside the combustion chamber so that the combustion chamber can function as a heat exchanger and thereby convert most of the combustion thermal energy into super-critical steam energy for driving a steam turbine and subsequently raising the operation pressure ratio and the thermal efficiencies of the steam turbine cycle and gas turbine cycle. The combustion gas mass flow can be also increased by four times as much as the conventional turbine system (up to the theoretical air to fuel ratio) and the thermal efficiency and the specific power of the gas turbine cycle are considerably increased.Further, the thermal efficiency of the combined system is improved by installing a magnetic friction power transmission system to transmit the power of the system to outer loads.

The disclosure describes methods for producing bulk, particulate material that includes solid, generally ellipsoidal particles. Irregularly shaped feed particles with average particle sizes of up to 25 microns on a volume basis are dispersed in at least a portion of a combustible gas mixture by application of force and/or fluidizing agents. The combustible mixture with particles in suspension is then delivered, while controlling agglomeration or re-agglomeration of the particles, to at least one flame front. There, the mixture and suspended particles are uniformly distributed across the surface(s) of and passed through the flame front(s) with a high concentration of particles in the mixture. This flame front and the resultant flame(s) with suspended particles are located in at least one "wall free" zone. In such zone(s) the flame(s) may expand while the particles are maintained in dispersion and heated, with controlled and highly efficient application of heating energy. At least partial fusion occurs within at least the surfaces of the particles at high thermal efficiencies, while agglomeration of particles during fusion is inhibited.

The invention discloses a tobacco suction system based on electromagnetic heating. The tobacco suction system is characterized by comprising an end cover (1), a heater (2) and an electromagnetic induction system, wherein the end cover (1) is detachably connected to the heater (2); the end cover (1) comprises a circular cover (11) and a filter tip (13); the heater (2) comprises a shell (21), an inner container (23), a base plate (24) and a cylindrical iron core (25); the electromagnetic induction system comprises an induction coil for heating the inner container (23), the base plate (24) and the cylindrical iron core (25), and a temperature control circuit. By heating the inner container, the base plate and the cylindrical iron core through the electromagnetic induction system, the heating speed can be increased, the heat efficiency is high, and instant heating can be realized, thereby better meeting the requirement of good suction mouthfeel; due to the arrangement of the cylindrical iron core, tobacco products can be heated uniformly and fully, and waste caused by insufficient heating of the tobacco products can be avoided. The tobacco suction system is suitable to be popularized and applied.

The part load method controls delivery of diluent fluid, fuel fluid, and oxidant fluid in thermodynamic cycles using diluent, to increase the Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) and thermal efficiency in part load operation above that obtained by relevant art part load operation of Brayton cycles, fogged Brayton cycles, or cycles operating with some steam delivery, or with maximum steam delivery. The part load method may control the TIT at the design level by controlling one or both of liquid and/or gaseous fluid water over a range from full load to less than 45% load. This extends operation to lower operating loads while providing higher efficiencies and lower operating costs using water, steam and/or CO2 as diluents, than in simple cycle operation.

The overall efficiency of a regenerative bed reverse flow reactor system is increased where the location of the exothermic reaction used for regeneration is suitably controlled. The present invention provides a method and apparatus for controlling the combustion to improve the thermal efficiency of bed regeneration in a cyclic reaction/regeneration processes. The process for thermal regeneration of a regenerative reactor bed entails

• • (a) supplying the first reactant through a first channel means in a first regenerative bed and supplying at least a second reactant through a second channel means in the first regenerative bed,
  • (b) combining said first and second reactants by a gas mixing means situated at an exit of the first regenerative bed and reacting the combined gas to produce a heated reaction product,
  • (c) passing the heated reaction product through a second regenerative bed thereby transferring heat from the reaction product to the second regenerative bed.

Burner firing method and device are presented where an oxidizing oxygen-fuel burner is fired at an angle to the reducing air-fuel burner flame to reduce overall NOx emissions from high temperature furnaces. The oxidizing oxy-fuel burner stoichiometric equivalence ratio (oxygen/fuel) is maintained in the range of about 1.5 to about 12.5. The reducing air-fuel burner is fired at an equivalence ratio of 0.6 to 1.00 to reduce the availability of oxygen in the flame and reducing NOx emissions. The oxidizing flame from the oxy-fuel burner is oriented such that the oxidizing flame gas stream intersects the reducing air-fuel flame gas stream at or near the tail section of the air-fuel flame. The inventive methods improve furnace temperature control and thermal efficiency by eliminating some nitrogen and provide an effective burnout of CO and other hydrocarbons using the higher mixing ability of the oxidizing flame combustion products. The simultaneous air-fuel and oxy-fuel burner firing can reduce NOx emissions anywhere from 30% to 70% depending on the air-fuel burner stoichiometric ratio.

To provide a method for recovering carbon dioxide, in which thermal energy for regenerating a CO₂ absorbing solution and power for compressing the recovered CO₂ are supplied, and high thermal efficiency is achieved, and a system therefor. A system for recovering carbon dioxide including a high pressure turbine 3, an intermediate pressure turbine 7, and a low pressure turbine 8; a boiler 1 for generating steam for driving the turbines; an absorption tower 18 filled with a CO₂ absorbing solution for absorbing and removing CO₂ from combustion exhaust gas of the boiler; a regeneration tower 24 for regenerating the absorbing solution having absorbed CO₂; a compressor 42 for compressing the removed CO₂; a turbine 41 for a compressor, which is driven by some of the exhaust steam of the high pressure turbine; turbines 51 and 52 for auxiliary machinery, which are driven by some of the exhaust steam of the intermediate pressure turbine; and supply pipes 45 and 55 for supplying exhaust steam of the compressor turbine and the auxiliary machinery turbines to a reboiler 30 of the regeneration tower as a heating source.

Embodiments of the invention provide an IGCC which achieves improved plant thermal efficiency by using a cooling steam supply system that cools the high-temperature sections of the gas turbine 34. Embodiments of the invention further provide and IGCC in which the cooling steam recovery system recovers steam after cooling the gas-turbine high-temperature section and makes practical re-use of the energy and substances within the system. Therefore, embodiments of the invention can reduce or eliminate the degradation of certain equipment by cooling the high-temperature sections. Methods are provided for increasing the thermal efficiency o an IGCC.

A method for improving thermal efficiency in one or more data centers includes measuring a temperature at one or more computing devices having allocated thereto one or more computing workloads and determining whether the measured temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature threshold. If the predetermined temperature threshold is exceeded, sufficient computing workloads are migrated to one or more alternate computing devices to reduce the temperature at one or more of the computing devices to less than or equal to said predetermined temperature threshold. In accomplishing the method, there is provided a data orchestrator configured at least for receiving data concerning the measured temperature, determining whether the measured temperature exceeds the predetermined temperature threshold, and migrating one or more of the computing workloads to one or more alternate computing devices. Computer systems and computer programs available as a download or on a computer-readable medium for installation according to the invention are provided.

A thermoelectric device with an improved thermal efficiency has an object to be heated or cooled having a surface, at least one electrically conductive lower pad bonded directly to the surface of the object using a thermally conductive dielectric material, at least one thermoelectric element coupled on one end to the electrically conductive pad, at least one electrically conductive upper pad coupled to an opposite end of the thermoelectric element, and electrical power connections coupled to the device.

A closed multi-room fluidized bed sludge drying method is provided, which is a sludge drying method having the advantages of simple equipment structure, convenient operation, strong sludge adaptability, high thermal efficiency, safety, continuity, stability, etc. After the mechanically dewatered sludge is mixed with the back-mixed sludge, the mixture is dried room by room in an inert particles multi-room fluidized bed dryer (3). The first room and the second room of the inert particles multi-room fluidized bed dryer (3) adopt inert particles (f) as heat storage medium. Gas from a cyclone separator (5) goes through a spray tower (7) and returns into an air heating unit (4) through a circulating fan (10). Part of dried sludge (e) at the lower part of the cyclone separator (5) enters the inert particles multi-room fluidized bed dryer (3) through the back-mixing in a mixer (2). Waste liquid from the bottom of the spray tower (7) enters a waste liquid circulating pool (8), with part of waste liquid circulating into the spray tower (7) and part into a sewage treatment system.

Diluted wet combustion forms a hot process fluid or VASTgas comprising carbon dioxide (CO₂) and fluid water which is delivered geologic formations and/or from surface mined materials to reduce the viscosity and/or increase hydrocarbon extraction. This may improve thermal efficiency and/or increases heat delivery for a given combustor or per capital investment. High water and/or CO₂ content is achieved by reducing non-aqueous diluent and/or adding or recycling CO₂. Power recovered from expanding the VASTgas may be pressurize the VASTgas for delivery by partial expansion through a Direct VAST cycle, and/or by diverting compressed oxidant through a parallel thermogenerator in a Diverted VAST cycle. Pressurized VASTgas may be injected into well within the hydrocarbon formation or with mined material into a heavy hydrocarbon separator vessel to heat, mobilize, solubilize and/or extract heavy hydrocarbons. Light hydrocarbons may be mixed in with the hot process fluid to enhance hydrocarbon mobilization and recovery. Microwaves may further heat the VASTgas and/or hydrocarbon. Sulfur oxidation, calcining limestone and/or recycling may increase CO₂. Oxygen enrichment may increase the specific power. VASTgas may be delivered through and back injection wells and/or production wells, and/or between sequential injection wells in alternating and/or paired zigzag formations with multiple wells per VAST combined heat and power recovery system.

An internal combustion engine (100) comprises a fuel injection valve (21, 22) which supplies a first fuel having a higher self-ignitability than gasoline and a second fuel having a higher combustion speed than gasoline such that an air-fuel mixture containing the first fuel and the second fuel is formed in a combustion chamber (14), a spark plug (25) which ignites the air-fuel mixture, and a programmable controller (41) programmed to control supply proportions of the first fuel and the second fuel such that the ignited air-fuel mixture undergoes flame propagation combustion and then undergoes self-ignition combustion. Thus, a reduction in emissions can be achieved, and high thermal efficiency can be realized through the self-ignition combustion.

A method and apparatus for producing hydrogen from carbonaceous materials using a hydrogen-selective permeation membrane incorporated into a carbonaceous material reactor, as a result of which, hydrogen production rate from the reactor is increased, downstream gas cleaning and purification units of conventional systems are eliminated or substantially reduced in size, and the thermal efficiency of producing hydrogen from carbon-containing materials is increased and its production cost is reduced.

The invention relates to a method of high-temperature flue gas drying, which is particularly suitable for drying long flame coal, brown coal or other low rank coal. The coal-fired high-temperature flue gas is used to dry flammable and explosive coal types, such as brown coal in the direct contact method; therefore, the method has less gas exhaust, high thermal efficiency and high drying speed. The internal water content of the dried coal is obviously reduced, and the heating power of the dried coal is greatly increased. The invention also relates to the device using the method.

Disclosed is an air fryer which comprises a fryer rack, a fryer body, a cover and a base. The fryer body is located in the fryer rack which is located in the base, and one end of the cover is hinged to the tail of the fryer rack while the other end of the cover is connected with the front of the fryer rack in an openable and closable manner. The air fryer further comprises a hot air circulation structure which comprises an axial flow fan, a wire heater and a hot air passage, the axial flow fan is mounted in the front of the fryer rack, an axial air suction opening of the axial flow fan is located in a hole between the fryer body and the fryer rack, a radial air outlet of the axial flow fan is communicated with an outlet at the bottom of the hot air passage which is disposed vertically and located in the cover, the outlet of the hot air passage is horizontal in direction and communicated with an inner cavity of the fryer body, and the wire heater is located in the hot air passage. The air fryer is capable of effectively lowering power consumption and high in heat efficiency.