569 results about "Brown coal" patented technology

A method and device for the gasification of pulverized fuels from solid fuels such as bituminous coals, lignite coals, and their cokes, petroleum cokes, coke from peat or biomass, in entrained flow, with an oxidizing medium containing free oxygen, by partial oxidation at pressures between atmospheric pressure and 80 bar, and at temperatures between 1,200 and 1,900° C., at high reactor capacities between 1,000 and 1,500 MW. The method uses the following steps: metering of the fuel, gasification reaction in a gasification reactor with cooled reaction chamber contour, quench-cooling, crude gas scrubbing, and partial condensation.

The invention relates to a method of high-temperature flue gas drying, which is particularly suitable for drying long flame coal, brown coal or other low rank coal. The coal-fired high-temperature flue gas is used to dry flammable and explosive coal types, such as brown coal in the direct contact method; therefore, the method has less gas exhaust, high thermal efficiency and high drying speed. The internal water content of the dried coal is obviously reduced, and the heating power of the dried coal is greatly increased. The invention also relates to the device using the method.

A drying and upgrading device for lignite and a technological method thereof, relating to the lignite efficient utilization field. The invention comprises a chamber dryer for the lignite, a fluidized-bed pyrolysis device, a combustion device for the pyrolysed gas, and other adjuvant devices. The dried lignite is fed into the pyrolysis device, volatiles and liquid products are extracted, the volatiles are sent into the combustion device to be burnt to generate fume and steam, the fume and a part of the steam are sent into the drying device to serve as the drying media. The rest steam is sent into the pyrolysis device to provide the heat source for the pyrolysis. A chain conveying method and a method of chamber drying/discharge of the fume and the steam are adopted for the drying device. Two different steams with different temperatures are generated in the combustion device and used for drying and pyrolysis of the lignite respectively. Compared with the prior technology, the device and the method provided by the invention have the advantages of safe and reliable operation, reasonable design, steady running in the large-scale application, and capability of improving the comprehensive utilization rate of the lignite.

A method and device for the gasification of solid fuels such as bituminous coals, and cokes such as those from bituminous coals, lignite coals, and biomasses, as well as petroleum cokes, that are ground fine and mixed with water or oil to obtain fuel-in-liquid suspensions, so-called slurries, and their gasification together with an oxidizing medium containing free oxygen, by partial oxidation at pressures between atmospheric pressure and 100 bar, and at temperatures between 1200 and 1900° C. in an entrained flow reactor. The method includes slurry preparation and infeed to the reactor, gasification in an entrained flow reactor with cooled reaction chamber contour, full quenching of the crude gas to saturation temperature that may be 180-260° C. depending on the gasification pressure, and wet or dry dust separation. The crude gas is pretreated so that it can be fed to further technological steps such as crude gas conversion, H₂S and CO₂ removal, and synthesis.

The invention relates to a thermal conversion method and a thermal conversion device of solid fuel, wherein the thermal conversion of the solid fuel is composed of three independent and association-controllable sub-processes of pyrolysis, gasification and burning by decoupling the integrated pyrolysis, gasification and burning reactions in the conventional thermal conversion process. A hot carrier substance is circulated among the sub-processes, so that the burning sub-process provides reactive heat to the pyrolysis and the gasification sub-processes and simultaneously provides oxygen to the gasification process to initiate internal burning so as to compensate for the gasification reaction heat that the hot carrier substance is unlikely to supply. Accordingly, the thermal conversion method can control the three thermochemical reactions of pyrolysis, gasification and burning by decoupling, recombination and association to achieve combined production of pyrolysis oil, synthesis gas and heat. Different from conventional single conversion devices for burning, gasification and pyrolysis, the thermal conversion method of the invention has the advantages of compact structure, high heat utilization efficiency and greatly reduced oxygen consumption for synthesis gas production, thus achieving high-value comprehensive conversion and utilization of solid fuels such as brown coal, bituminous coal and biomass.

The invention relates to a technique method for directly producing sponge iron by carrying out deep reduction on extracted vanadium tailings, belonging to the field of iron making. The method adopts brown coal as the reducing agent, and simultaneously CaO is added as slag former and used for increasing alkalinity to synergize with Na2O and K2O in the tailings to react with SiO2 and Al2O3 to generate zeolite-like stable mineral so as to boost extraction and separation of sponge iron in products of deep reduction. The products of deep reduction are subject to two-section ore grinding-two-section low intensity magnetic separation technique to obtain sponge iron with iron grade larger than 90% and TiO2 smaller than 0.20%. The invention is simple in technique and easy to control, and has large reserves of raw materials and low price; the product can be used as raw material for steel making; other impurities meet steel making requirements, the technique flow of processing iron ore into rolled steel is shortened, the environment pollution caused by sintering, pelletizing and blast furnace iron making of iron ore concentrate obtained by other methods can be avoided, and the invention has obvious environment benefit and energy conservation and consumption reduction effects.

The invention relates to the organic fertilizer field, in particular to tobacco powder biological organic fertilizer formula and production method thereof. The invention is characterized in that the formula includes the following components by parts by weight: 5-6 parts of tobacco powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of brown coal, 1.5-2.5 parts of live stock excrement and 1-2 parts of straw powder. The tobacco powder biological organic fertilizer is complete in nutrient elements and can regulate soil, activate micro organism liveness in soil, overcome soil hardening and improve soil air permeability; insect pest in soil can be effectively killed; stress resistance of crop is improved, stress reaction of crop is improved, and deformity is reduced; the organic fertilizer is safe and notoxic to human, live stock and environment; the organic fertilizer uses tobacco powder of cigarette factory and redrying factory and straw powder as main raw materials, solves the problems that tobacco powder of the cigarette factory and redrying factory is difficult to treat and secondary pollution is caused by direct burning of the tobacco powder and straw and is environmentally friendly.

The invention discloses a coking method of lignite addition and coal charge. The method of the invention comprises: mixing evenly 5 percent to 20 percent of mixture of lignite and asphalt to be made into coal charge, and then performing coking to produce lignite coke. The coke produced by the coking method and the coal charge has greatly improved quality and reaches the goal of coking lignite addition and reducing the coking cost.

The invention relates to a brown coal drying and dehydrating device and an application method. The hot-air drying and dehydrating device dries and dehydrates brown coal at high speed and low energy consumption by main means of high-power microwaves and infrared. The application method for the device comprises the steps of: crushing raw coal; pretreating the coal through a hot-air drying system to remove external water; and then drying and dehydrating the coal further by microwaves, wherein an infrared scanning system is adopted in the drying and dehydrating process in order to prevent the brown coal from backwater. By applying the device, the water in the brown coal can be removed by over 98 percent in short time. The brown coal drying and dehydrating device has the advantages of simpleness and easy operation of process flow, quick dehydration and low energy consumption. The device and the method have no negative effect on the environment, the water coming out through drying can also be recycled, and the device and the method are economic and effective.

A combined cycle process that includes gas turbines, a steam turbine train, a heat recovery unit, and a gasification unit that produces low or mid BTU fuel gas from coal, lignite, coke, biomass, or other suitable hydrocarbon containing material wherein the fuel gas is burned in the heat recovery unit at one or more points to increase steam rate to the steam turbine train.

The fuel gas injection flow rates into the heat recovery unit are controlled to avoid exceeding peak temperatures in the heat recovery unit of about 2500 F.

Optionally, the fuel gas from the gasification unit is cooled by transferring sensible heat to condensate from the steam turbine train to convert the condensate to high pressure steam for driving the steam turbine train.

Optionally, a steam boiler unit is integrated into the combined cycle process to raise additional high pressure steam for the steam turbine train. The steam boiler feed water is condensate from the steam turbine train. The steam boiler produces saturated high pressure steam that is superheated in the heat recovery unit.

The invention relates to a system and a method for deeply purifying coal. The system is composed of a flotation column, a mixing tank, a circulating pump, a bubble generator, an oil storage barrel, a gasoline pump and an oil gas generator. The method comprises the following steps: adding kerosene or diesel oil into the oil gas generator and then heating and evaporating the kerosene or diesel oil,thereby generating kerosene or diesel oil steam; introducing the kerosene or diesel oil steam together with air into a floatation device, thereby generating oil bubbles; and promoting the wetting property of the bubbles under the condition of maintaining the floatation of a mineral main body, thereby achieving the purpose of promoting the floatability of the mineral. The problem of difficulty in flotation of low-rank coals can be solved, the rate of multipurpose utilization of the coal can be increased and the economic value can be promoted. The system and method provided by the invention aresuitable for deeply purifying the low-rank coals with low metamorphic grade, such as brown coal, long flame coal, non-caking coal, weakly caking coal, gas coal, and the like, can be used for greatly promoting the yield of clean coal and can be used for obviously reducing the dosage of the kerosene or diesel oil used as a collecting agent. The system has the advantages that the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the floatation index of the low-rank coals is excellent and the dosage is small.

The invention described is a process for improving the performance of a commercial coal or lignite fired boiler system by supplementing its normal coal supply with a controlled quantity of thermally beneficiated low rank coal, (TBLRC). This supplemental TBLRC can be delivered either to the solid fuel mill (pulverizer) or directly to the coal burner feed pipe. Specific benefits are supplied based on knowledge of equipment types that may be employed on a commercial scale to complete the process. The thermally beneficiated low rank coal can be delivered along with regular coal or intermittently with regular coal as the needs require.

The invention discloses an IGCC (Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle) poly-generation device and method based on pyrolysis and gasification of low metamorphic powdered coal. The device comprises a pyrolysis/gasification system, a coal gas purifying system, a circulating fluidized bed boiler and a gas turbine/steam turbine system. The method comprises the steps as follows: carrying out low temperature pyrolysis and partial air gasification on the low metamorphic powdered coal, grading and converting into coal gas, tar and semi-coke, and carrying out the IGCC poly-generation process by the semi-coke and the coal gas with high calorific value. According to the device and the method, the tar, sulphur and other chemical products can be produced while clean power is generated, the products obtained by grading and converting the low metamorphic powdered coal are fully utilized, the material conversion and energy conversion functions are integrated, the resource utilization rate is high, and the heat energy efficiency is high. The device and method are suitable for the low metamorphic powdered coal such as peat, brown coal, jet coal, non-sticking coal and the like, and the particle size of raw materials is 0-8 mm. The high-temperature coal gas generated in a fluidized bed gasification furnace contains a large amount of hydrogen, so that the powdered coal can be subjected to hydropyrolysis, and the tar recovery rate can reach more than 12%.

A solid fuel burner using a low oxygen concentration gas as a transporting gas of a low grade solid fuel such as brown coal or the like and a combustion method using the solid fuel burner are provided. The solid fuel burner comprises a means for accelerating ignition of the fuel and a means for preventing slugging caused by combustion ash from occurring. Mixing of fuel and air inside a fuel nozzle 11 is accelerated by that an additional air nozzle 12 and a separator 35 for separating a flow passage are arranged in the fuel nozzle 11, and the exit of the additional air nozzle 12 is set at a position so as to overlap with the separator 35 when seeing from a direction perpendicular to a burner axis, and additional air is ejected in a direction nearly perpendicular to a flow direction of a fuel jet flowing through the fuel nozzle 11. An amount of air from the additional air nozzle 12 is varied corresponding to a combustion load. By increasing the amount of air from the additional air nozzle 12 at a low load operation, an oxygen concentration of a circulation flow 19 formed in a downstream portion outside the exit of the fuel nozzle 11 is increased to stably burn the fuel. By decreasing the amount of air from the additional air nozzle 12 at a high load operation, a flame is formed at a position distant from the fuel nozzle 11 to suppress radiant heat received by structures of the solid fuel burner and walls of the furnace.

The invention provides a method for improving quality of brown coals with an externally heated rotary furnace. The method comprises the following steps: drying and desorbing a raw material brown coals at a temperature of 100 DEG C to 300 DEG C in a rotary drying furnace; thermally cracking the dried and desorbed brown coals in a rotary carbonization furnace; heating and keeping the brown coals at a temperature of 450 to 700 DEG C through hot air from an outer jacket for thermal cracking for 40 min to 2 h; as for semi coke obtained after thermal cracking, quenching the resultant semi coke in a rotary cooling furnace and allowing the semi coke to pass through a screening device so as to obtain a finished product of semi coke with different particle sizes; as for high temperature crude coal gas containing tar obtained after thermal cracking, allowing the resultant high temperature crude coal gas containing tar to pass through a tar separating and purifying device so as to obtain a finished product of tar with high quality and a finished product of coal gas with a high calorific value, delivering one part of the finished product of coal gas and air into a combustion furnace for combustion, and delivering the combusted hot flue gas back to the jacket of the rotary carbonization furnace as a heat source. The invention enables the utilization rate of the raw material brown coals and the available value of the coal gas to be improved and treating capacity of a purifying device for coal gas to be reduced; dry quenching of coke is employed and the discharge of the coke is continuous, thereby improving the quality of semi-coke, saving energy and reducing generation of harmful gas.

The invention discloses a brown coal drying method and device utilizing waste heat of smoke and steam of a power plant. The drying method comprises two-time drying treatment, wherein the two-time drying treatment comprises the steps that firstly, the high-temperature smoke directly discharged by a power plant coal fired boiler is utilized for conducting first-time drying treatment on damp materials, the high-temperature smoke directly makes uniform contact with the damp materials, and intermediate materials are obtained; and secondly, the high-temperature smoke and the high-temperature steam directly discharged by the power plant coal fired boiler are utilized for conducting second-time drying treatment on the intermediate materials at the same time, the high-temperature smoke directly makes uniform contact with the intermediate materials, meanwhile, the intermediate materials make uniform contact with a heat exchange pipe inflated with the steam for heat exchange, dried materials are obtained, and second-time drying treatment is achieved. The brown coal drying method and device have the beneficial effects that the power plant waste heat serves as a heat source for brown coal drying, the running economical efficiency of a power plant generator set is improved, a system for drying the brown coal and a brown coal power generation system are integrated, efficient utilization of power plant energy and optimization of a technology system are achieved, and the brown coal drying method and device belong to the poly-generation technology of the power plant.

The invention relates to an oil field fluid loss additive for drilling liquid and its producing method and the application of the treating agent in the process of producing drilling liquid system. The treating agent utilizes the cation monomer dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride can make the sodium lignin sulfonate and the sulfonated-methyl brown coal graft induced by FeCl3 so as to produce a new fluid loss agent with the resistance to salt and collapse at high temperature. The composed product integrates the brown coal and lignin. The cation introduction improves the resistance to collapse. The weak crosslinking function of the Fe3+ makes the heat resistance improved further based on the brown coal. Therefore, the product can be widely applied in different complicated conditions such as high temperature deep well, gypsum/slat bed, stratum with a bad water sensitivity, fragility stratum and etc. and has a good prospect.

The invention relates to a crop fertilizer, in particular to a refined biological organic fertilizer made by using poultry and livestock excrements and monosodium residues and the preparation method. The refined biological organic fertilizer comprises 30 to 50 percent of poultry and livestock excrements, 20 to 30 percent of monosodium residues, 10 to 30 brown coal, 2 to 8 percent of soybean powder, 2 to 5 percent bone powder, and 1 to 2 percent of rice bran; these components are made into biological organic fertilizers containing the essential nutrients of crops through the functions of a plurality of beneficial microorganism floras. The invention has the advantages of simple preparation method, low cost, no pollution, and can improve the quality of crops, therefore, the invention is an environmental friendly organic fertilizer and suitable for wide popularization.

The invention discloses a drying and dry distillation combined quality improving process and a drying and dry distillation combined quality improving system for low rank coal, which are used for overcoming the defects existing in the prior art and are particularly suitable for drying and dry distillation combined quality improvement of brown coal with high water content or other low rank coal such as long flame coal, non-caking coal or weakly caking coal, gas coal and the like. In the process, a combined quality improving method in which a steam revolving drier for drying and a multi-pipe revolving low-temperature dry distiller for dry distillation are provided is adopted, so that the problems of large coking wastewater handling capacity, large coal gas handling capacity and the like existing in a pure dry distillation process are solved. The drying and multi-pipe revolving low-temperature dry distillation combined quality improving process provided by the invention has the advantages of high energy utilization ratio, safe and stable systems, small dry distillation gas handling capacity, small coking wastewater handling capacity, high tar yield, high coal gas heat value and the like.

The invention relates to a method for modifying lignite, belonging to the technical field of coal processing. In the method, the lignite is broken, sent into a coal mill, and is ground into coal pulp after water is added. Due to high content of internal water of the lignite, the concentration of the water-coal-slurry is relatively low, generally 30-55%. Modified water-coal-slurry is obtained after treatment under high temperature and pressure, wherein the internal water of lignite particles in the modified water-coal-slurry is reduced, and the water used for lubrication among the particles is more than needed water content of the water-coal-slurry. Measure of settlement or/and other specific measure, is/are needed to separate the excess water, and the concentration of the water-coal-slurry is increased from 30-50% to 50-70%, thereby increasing the calorific value of the lignite.

The invention discloses a soil improving synergistic saline-alkali resistant water soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The waste liquid generated in the amino acid fermentation production process is taken as a carrier, and added with active humic acid prepared from decomposed coal or brown coal or peat rich in humic acid, and then the mixture is thoroughly and proportionally mixed with water soluble nitrogen fertilizer, water soluble phosphatic fertilizer, water soluble potassic fertilizer, and macroelements and microelements such as copper sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate and ferrous sulfate; and then the final mixture is subjected to spray drying, separation and collection treatment, so that a powdery material is obtained; and as a result, the soil improving synergistic saline-alkali resistant water soluble fertilizer is formed. The soil improving synergistic saline-alkali resistant water soluble fertilizer provided by the invention is low in cost, low in investment, low in energy consumption, small in floor area, energy-saving, environment-friendly and free of pollution; zero emission of amino acid waste liquid and deep processing of the decomposed coal, the brown coal and the peat are realized and pollution on the environment is reduced; the waste is well utilized and changed into things of value; besides, the soil improving synergistic saline-alkali resistant water soluble fertilizer is good in water solubility, free of residue, rich in nutrition, high in active organic matter content and high in safety; and furthermore, the soil improving synergistic saline-alkali resistant water soluble fertilizer achieves the effects or improving the soil and resisting saline and alkali, and is obvious in synergia and wide in uses.

The invent relates to a process for preparing super-strong anti-hard-water sodium (potassium) humate by using brown coal or decomposed coal as principal raw material, H2SO4 as acidating agent, H2O2 as oxidizing agent, and a two step synthesis is employed which consists of, subjecting the raw material containing rich humic acid (brown coal or decomposed coal) to acid-treatment under acidic conditions, then charging oxidation agent (hydrogen peroxide) under alkality condition, thus improving the product capability for resisting hard water.

The invention relates to a soilless culture substrate which is mainly applicable to seedling breeding of paddy rice and also applicable to seedling breeding of plants like flowers, grass and vegetables. The soilless culture substrate is characterized by containing any one selected from the group consisting of crushed rice hulls, furfural residues and xylitol residues, any one selected from the group consisting of brown coal powder, silicon calcium magnesium fertilizer and mushroom residues, dried cow dung, bentonite and insecticide-fertilizer. According to the invention, the soilless culture substrate contains a variety of micronutrient elements needed in growth of plants in a seedling stage and bactericides, has the characteristics of richness in nutrients, disease prevention, cold resistance, seedling strengthening, low cost, greenness, ecological environmental protection, convenient usage and the like, can create a good growing environment for the plants in a seedling stage, has good water retention performance, allows good consistency between a cover layer and a bottom layer to be obtained, can be directly used for bed paving, sowing, covering, thorough watering and mulching so as to breed standard seedlings, enables a high breeding rate of standard seedlings to be achieved, is beneficial for protection of ecological environment of farmlands and can realize recycling of agricultural wastes and standardized seedling breeding of plants; a preparation method for the substrate is scientific and reasonable, can be easily mastered and is convenient to operate.