513 results about "Destructive distillation" patented technology

A system and process to provide integrated control for the pyrolytic composition of organic (biomass) waste products especially for municipal solid waste systems. The system includes integrated control that monitors biomass waste stream throughout the entire system and the products produced therefrom and includes presorting, controlling the amount of material processed in a continuous manner, shredding, removing moisture in a continuous process that is controlled and providing the waste stream to the distillation unit for pyrolytic action where it is converted into gaseous fuel and a char residue. The gaseous fuel is scrubbed clean and monitored and stored and reused to provide heat to the system. The entire system may be self-sustaining and continuous with very little or no human intervention. An integrated real time computer control system includes sensors and measuring devices with all the major components to ensure integrated efficiency.

This invention is directed to a method of preparing a natural resin by liquefying wood, bark, forest residues, wood industry residues, or other biomass using rapid destructive distillation (fast pyrolysis). Fast pyrolysis produces both vapors and char from biomass, and following removal of the char from the product vapors, a liquid pitch product is recovered and processed by distillation, evaporation, or a combination thereof, in order to obtain a natural resin which may be in either liquid or solid form. The natural resin comprises a total phenolic content from about 30% to about 80% (w/w), and is a highly-reactive ligninic compound that has been found to be suitable for use within resin formulations without requiring any further extraction or fractionation procedures. Resins comprising up to 60% natural resin have been prepared and tested in board production and found to exhibit similar properties associated with commercially available resins. The natural resin may substitute for phenol, or for both phenol and formaldehyde within phenol-containing resins. Similarly, the natural resin can replace a substantial part of the components within urea-containing resins.

The invention discloses a process for integrally heated continuous preparing biomass pyrolysis gasification gas and a rotary furnace utilized by the same. At a furnace tail cooling section, red charcoal at a temperature of 600-800 DEG C after pyrolyzing and destructive distilling reacts with steam generated by cooling spray water on the lower portion in the furnace so as to absorb large quantities of heat and simultaneously generate water gas and semi-water gas. Heat generated by burning recycled gas and air is used for maintaining pyrolysis temperature of biomass material layers and providesenough heat for further, pyrolysis, destructive distillation and steam decomposition reaction. By aid of the heat, biomass inside the furnace is pyrolyzed and destructively distilled to generate large quantities of volatile matters, and the biomass is gradually heated to decompose destructive gas with high heat value. The rotary furnace utilizes a three-section design: a first section is a furnace head preheating section, which is mainly used for preheating and drying raw materials, a second section is a rotary furnace body pyrolysis section, which is mainly used for pyrolysis and destructivedistillation and is a core operation portion of the furnace, and a third section is a furnace tail cooling section, which is mainly used for cooling charcoal. Prepared gas is high in heat value, and devices occupy small space.

The invention discloses a method for extracting Chinese-style flue-cured tobacco fragrance cigarette juice for an electronic cigarette. The method comprises the following steps: 1, blending flue-cured tobacco type tobacco leaves, tobacco shreds or tobacco powder; 2, applying cigarette feed liquid or materials with high sugar content on the tobacco leaves, tobacco shreds or tobacco powder; 3, performing destructive distillation on the tobacco leaves, tobacco shreds or tobacco powder by different temperature sections; 4, collecting fractions. The fractions collected by the method can directly serve as electronic cigarette juice, and cigarette essence perfume having characteristic flavor, or edible essence perfume also can be added to enrich the styles of the electronic cigarette tobacco juice; the electronic cigarette juice collected by the method has the style characteristic and flavor similar to those of a Chinese-style cigarette, the satisfaction is good, the fragrance is harmonious, and the taste is pure and mild.

The invention discloses a method for preparing semicoke, empyreumatic oil and coal gas by pyrolyzing coal. The method is characterized in that a heating mode of solid thermal carriers is adopted in the pyrolysis process; the semicoke generated in the pyrolysis process and large-particle semicoke in a heat carrier mixture are separated as products by a size grading method, and the empyreumatic oiland coal gas with a medium heat value are produced as byproducts, wherein a pyrolysis system mainly comprises a heat carrier storage bin, a mixer, a pyrolysis reactor, a solid grading separator and araising pipe burning reactor. In the invention, the heating rate of coal is improved, the destructive distillation time is shortened, the single burner production capacity is improved, and the coal of combination grain is taken as production raw materials, the raw material adaptability and the utilization factor are high and the method provided by the invention is suitable for various lignite andbitumite.

The invention provides a passivation process and a passivation system of active coke. The process mainly comprises: firstly, carrying out rehydration and cooling treatment on quenched active coke which is from the destructive distillation pyrolyzation treating process; then feeding the rehydrated active coke into a passivation react zone for low-temperature oxidation passivation treatment; and finally, cooling the coke which is treated by rehydration and low-temperature oxidation passivation to the normal temperature. Therefore, the coke has greatly-increased stability, and can not self-ignite under the conditions of long-distance transport and long time of being exposed to the environment; and simultaneously, the invention has the advantages that the cost of production technology is low, the system operation has simplicity, stability and high practicability and the production process has less pollution, thus the invention can be used in the process of large-scale active coke passivation industrial production.

The invention discloses a method for preparing radioactive <124>I ions. The preparation method comprises the following steps: a, taking aluminium oxide powder and tellurium dioxide powder in a mass ratio of 1:18-22, uniformly mixing the powder, and pressing the obtained mixture into a tellurium target with a thickness of 50-60 mg/cm<2>; b, placing the prepared tellurium target in a circular accelerator, and irradiating the tellurium target 2-3 h by Te (p, n) <124>I, wherein the incident p particle beam intensity is 18-20 mu A, the energy is 18.5-20 MeV, and the angle of incidence is 6-10 DEG; meanwhile, cooling the tellurium target by using water in the process of irradiating, and after the irradiating is completed, placing the tellurium target to cool 4-6 h; c, placing the tellurium target in a quartz distillation tube of a destructive distillation device to distill, meanwhile, controlling the temperature to 750 DEG C so as to heat the tellurium target, so that radioactive <124>I ions are escaped, and collecting the radioactive <124>I ions. The problems that radionuclide <124>I prepared in the prior art is low in yield and low in recovery rate are solved.

The invention relates to a method for preparing rubber packing from modified oil shale semicoke. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) performing superfine crushing on oil shale semicoke after destructive distillation; 2) roasting in a high-temperature furnace, performing air insulation heat preservation, and performing furnace cooling so as to obtain carbonized oil shale semicoke; 3) modifying the carbonized oil shale semicoke superfine powder by using a surface modifier so as to obtain modified oil shale semicoke powder, wherein the addition amount of the surface modifier accounts for 2% of the mass of the powder, the modification temperature is the room temperature, and the modification time is 30 minutes; 4) smelting the modified oil shale semicoke, rubber, carbon black, zinc oxide, stearic acid, an antioxidant, liquid paraffin, sulfur and a promoter in a smelting machine at certain temperature; and 5) cooling, and molding by using a press vulcanizer. Organic matter residues in the oil shale semicoke can be sufficiently utilized, wastes can be turned into wealth, environment pollution caused by air storage can be eliminated, the carbonized oil shale semicoke powder is uniform in surface carbonization, solid in wrapping, good in organic matter compatibility, stable in performance, simple in process and low in cost. Various indexes of mechanical properties of testing samples can meet national standards.

The invention relates to a sectional heating control device for non-burning cigarettes. The sectional heating control device comprises a sectional heater and a control system, the sectional heater comprises multiple hollow heating elements, an insulating and heat insulating washer is arranged between every two adjacent hollow heating elements, the hollow heating elements and the insulating and heat insulating washers form a tubular whole, the tubular whole is hollow to from a heating chamber for accommodating tobacco products, one end of the heating chamber is a cigarette inlet, and the other end of the heating chamber is communicated with outside air through an air flow passage. The control system comprises a controller and a power supply, the power supply is connected with the controller which comprises a CPU (central processing unit) and power regulators, the CPU is connected with the power regulators which are connected to the hollow heating elements respectively, and the CPU controls the hollow heating units to heat in axial sequence. Through an electric heating mode, aroma components in the cigarettes can be removed by destructive distillation, and harm of the cigarettes to human bodies is reduced.

The invention discloses an apparatus and a process for destructive distillation and cracking of biomass, belonging to the technical field of industrial processing apparatus structures and processes for mechanical products. The apparatus comprises an input part, a reaction vessel part, a control part and a processing output part. Self-balancing of energy in the process of production is realized through utilization of the destructive distillation and cracking process for biological garbage. According to the invention, the destructive distillation and cracking process for biomass has the advantages of short process flow, little equipment and low energy consumption, and the apparatus has the advantages of safe and convenient operation, easy maintenance and repair, etc.

The invention discloses a process for industrially producing carbon, gas, oil and electricity through biomass energy forming and destructive distillation. The process comprises the following steps of: raw material pretreatment: crushing raw materials; forming: pressing the crushed raw materials into formed particles in a certain shape; drying: controlling the moisture content in the formed particles at 3%-5%; destructive distillation: thermo-chemically converting the dried formed particles into granular carbon, gas and liquid under the condition of air isolation or in the presence of little air; acid washing: performing acid washing on the gas produced through the destructive distillation; cooling and separation: cooling the acid-washed gas and performing gas-liquid separation on the gas and the condensed liquid, and then performing wood tar-pyroligneous separation on the cooled liquid; and alkali washing: performing alkali washing on the cooled gas. The process is capable of converting the biomass raw materials into high-grade good-quality fuels and industrial raw materials.

The invention discloses a process for making synthetic gas by non-adhesive or low-adhesiveness coal fluidized carbonization, comprising the steps of: crushing non-adhesive or low-adhesiveness coal into fine coal; feeding the fine coal into a carbonization reactor and producing coal gas, tar steam and semicoke; cooling the coal gas and tar steam, and extracting the coal gas and coal tar; feeding the semicoke into a coal gas generator to react with oxygen gas and water steam to produce generated coal gas and coal ash; feeding the generated coal gas into a CO conversion reactor to regulate composition of the synthetic gas and act as synthetic methanol gas. And the utilization ratio of raw materials can be 100%. And the oil yield of fine coal fluidized carbonization is high. And the produced semicoke can completely turn into generated coal gas, and finally only coal ash is left. And the yield of liquid products by carbonization and liquid products synthetized by synthetic gas is higher than that of liquid products by coal liquefaction.

The invention belongs to the technical field of brown coal quality improving, and relates to a large-scale brown coal quality-improving process and a large-scale brown coal quality-improving apparatus. According to the invention, an interrelated large-scale continuous brown coal quality-improving system is composed of three modules which are a tunnel internal-heat drying module, an external-heating microwave destructive distillation module, and a powdery brown coal molding and drying module. Because of large-amount water discharging, a brown coal block large-capillary framework is collapsed, so that the brown coal is naturally broken into small blocks and powder without mechanical disruption. The small-block brown coal is subjected to destructive distillation under high-temperature hot wind external heating and microwave coupling, until the blocks turn into semi-coke; water-containing coal gas, water-containing coal tar, anhydrous gas, and anhydrous coal tar are respectively obtained by destructive distillation. With a binder of the water-containing coal tar and coal tar pitch (one or a mixture thereof), the powdery brown coal is subjected to kneading and aging; the material is processed into granules by using a vacuum extrusion granulator; and the particles are processed by using a low-temperature microwave drying device, so that high-quality brown coal particles with high strength, low moisture absorption, and high heat value are obtained. The brown coal particles can endure long-distance transportation.

The invention discloses a household up-draft biomass gasification device, which has an upright cylinder structure and is characterized in that the household up-draft biomass gasification device comprises a destructive distillation chamber arranged at the upper section thereof, a main gasification chamber arranged at the middle section thereof and an ash chamber arranged at the lower section thereof; all the sections are respectively separated by a heat storage grille and a heat storage grate; and the main gasification chamber is enclosed by a radiation cylinder on the periphery. The household up-draft biomass gasification device has no need of an external firing heat source, fast firing speed and high temperature of the gasification center, remarkably reduces tar content, reduces radiation loss of a furnace body, and has high gasification efficiency, long fire banking time of the gasification furnace, simple and compact structure, convenient operation and low operating cost.

The invention discloses a carbonizing system of wood materials. The carbonizing system of wood materials comprises a carbonizing device and a by-product recovery device, wherein the carbonizing device comprises a reaction vessel and a reaction chamber for putting the reaction vessel; the reaction vessel comprises a material shelf and a destructive distillation kettle for putting the material shelf; the destructive distillation kettle is composed of a destructive distillation kettle body and a destructive distillation kettle cover; an exhaust hole and a temperature measuring hole are arranged on the destructive distillation kettle cover; the reaction chamber comprises a calcining chamber with a combustion area, a carbonizing chamber, a pre-heating chamber which are sequentially arranged, a drying chamber and a cooling chamber for pre-treatment and post-treatment of wood materials respectively. The pre-heating chamber, the carbonizing chamber and/or the exhaust hole on the destructive distillation kettle cover in the calcining chamber are connected with the by-product recovery device. The system is suitable for carbonizing production of all wood materials such as tree wood, hard weed tree, bamboo material, forestry and agricultural residues (straw, shell, sawdust and on the like). The invention is scientific and rational in process, none in emission and pollution, short in production period and low in cost, thereby being suitable for popularization and application.

A smokeless combustion device with fire stack in furnace consists of destructive distillation gasification combustion chamber, the second combustion chamber, top fire grate, bottom fire grate, fire stack in furnace, firepot, heated surface and fender. The extensive fuel materials such as raw coal, bulk coal, section coal, wood, straw and agricultural wastes can be used as fuel material of said device.

The invention discloses a method for synchronously recovering mercuric chloride, metal salt and active carbon in a spent catalyst. The method is orderly implemented through the steps of spent catalyst drying, mercuric chloride recovery, complex perforation of active carbon and metal salt recovery, wherein mercuric chloride in the spent catalyst is recovered through destructive distillation in combination with condensation and aqueous solution absorption; deposits in the micropores of the active salt are displaced through hot water soaking in combination with bubbling by introducing air, thereby realizing the purpose of recovering the pores of the active carbon; and then the active carbon is recovered through drying and the metal salt is recovered through filtering; in the whole process, no pollutant is generated and discharged and the utilization rate of water is also extremely high; valuable elements in the spent catalyst are all recovered; and the valuable elements in the spent catalyst which is used in production previously and contains mercuric chloride, metal salt and active carbon are utilized, thereby achieving the purposes of solving the problems of scarce raw materials for new catalyst production and environmental pollution caused by inappropriate spent catalyst disposal; as a result, the method is obvious in economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.

The invention discloses a single-stage fine coal multi-pipe rotary low-temperature destructive distillation technology and a system. The single-stage fine coal multi-pipe rotary low-temperature destructive distillation technology adopts a multi-pipe rotary destructive distillation machine to carry out low-temperature destructive distillation of fine coal. Multiple destructive distillation pipes for dispersing fine coal are arranged in the multi-pipe rotary destructive distillation machine. Spiral blades are arranged in the destructive distillation pipes and have the effects of diversion and disturbance on coal. The single-stage fine coal multi-pipe rotary low-temperature destructive distillation technology and the system can enhance destructive distillation effects, can increase destructive distillation effective areas, have the advantages of large fine coal treatment amount, small destructive distillation gas treatment amount, low content of tar and dust, and high calorific value of gas, can realize recovery of chemical raw materials such as coal tar and the like produced in low-temperature destructive distillation of soft coal and low-order fine coal as completely as possible, can improve a comprehensive utilization rate of coal, and can realize production of semicoke powder and high-calorific value gas from soft coal and low-order fine coal through low-temperature destructive distillation.

The invention discloses a method for extracting Chinese-style mixed-fragrance cigarette juice for an electronic cigarette. Tobacco leaves, tobacco shreds or tobacco powder of flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco and aromatic tobacco are mixed, cigarette feed liquid or at least one of cocoa powder, licorice, honey and blackcurrant extracts is added, the mixture is subjected to destructive distillation by different temperature sections, and fractions are collected. The fractions collected by the method can directly serve as electronic cigarette juice, and cigarette essence perfume having characteristic flavor, or edible essence perfume also can be added to enrich the styles of the electronic cigarette juice; the electronic cigarette juice collected by the method has the style characteristic and flavor similar to those of a Chinese style blended type cigarette, mildness and sweetness of VIRGINIA and pungency and appetizing of an aired cigarette are realized, and the aftertaste is pure.

The invention relates to an electromagnetic wave heating device for non-burning cigarettes. The device comprises an outer shell, a heat insulation sleeve and a heater. A cigarette inlet allowing tobacco products to be inserted in is formed at the front end of the outer shell, an air inlet is formed at the rear end of the outer shell connectively, the heater is arranged in the outer shell, an electromagnetic wave heating element is adopted as the heater and comprises a coil and an inner heating sleeve, the coil and the inner heating sleeve are matched to realize heating, the heat insulation sleeve is arranged between the coil and the inner heating sleeve, insulation washers are arranged at two ends of the electromagnetic wave heating element respectively, the inner heating sleeve is hollow to form a heating cavity for accommodating the tobacco products, the front end of the heating cavity is communicated with the cigarette inlet, and the rear end of the heating cavity is communicated with the air inlet. By the device, aroma components in the cigarettes can be removed by destructive distillation through an electromagnetic wave heating mode in stead of directly burning the cigarettes, harm of the cigarettes to human bodies is reduced, and a consumer is ensured to obtain a tobacco feature feeling.

The invention provides a method for integrative sorting and destructive distillation pyrolysis and gasification of household refuse without discharge of dioxin. According to the method, an automatic garbage integrative sorting system, a feeding charging system, a destructive distillation pyrolysis and gasification furnace system, an exhaust gas purifying device, an ash removing device and a combustible gas power generation system are used in the method; problems in treatment of household refuse are thoroughly overcome, for example, generation of dioxin is avoided and pollution of waste water, exhaust gas and waste residues is reduced; plastic garbage in hybrid municipal solid waste is sorted out for preparation of plastic particles by using the automatic garbage integrative sorting system; after drying, rest garbage is converted into combustible gas and is used to prepare the renewable resource tar through integrative treatment of destructive distillation pyrolysis and gasification, waste residues are used for brick making, waste water is recycled after treatment, and exhaust gas is purified and discharged after the exhaust gas reaches the standard. When the method provided by the invention is used for treating garbage, generation and harm of dioxin are avoided, no waste water, waste residues and wastes are discharged, harmlessness and full resource utilization are realized in reality, and recycling economy of treating wastes with wastes and turning the waste into the valuable is achieved.

The invention discloses an oil sludge treating system and method. The oil sludge treating system comprises a sedimentation device, a feeding device, a destructive distillation device, a cyclone separator, a condensation device, a centrifugal separator and a boiler. Oil sludge is divided into an oil-water layer and an oil sludge sediment through the sedimentation device; the oil sludge sediment is conveyed to the destructive distillation device through the feeding device, and is decomposed into destructive distillation gas and semicoke through the destructive distillation device; gas-solid separation is conducted through the cyclone separator; then the destructive distillation gas is cooled to be condensed fluid and non-condensable gas through the condensation device; the condensed fluid is divided into a recovered oil layer and a waste water layer through the centrifugal separator; finally the recovered oil is collected for later use. In addition, in the treating process, the oil-water layer, the semicoke, the non-condensable gas and the waste water layer are conveyed to the boiler for combustion. Therefore, the oil sludge treating system has functions of pollutant treatment and energy recovery, and is high economical efficiency.

The invention relates to a large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower, which is used for solving the problem of the industrial destructive distillation of low-order brown coal. The large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower comprises a tower body, a combustor, a coal bunker and a screw feeder, wherein the coal bunker and the screw feeder are positioned on the top of the tower body, and a carbocoal outlet is formed on the lower part of the tower body; the tower body consists of a plurality of unit towers which are arranged longitudinally in a laminated mode; a uniformly-distributed plate, an anti-wearing tile and a heating pipe are arranged in each unit tower from top to bottom; high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustor enters the heat pipe in each unit tower sequentially from bottom to top from an S-shaped high-temperature flue; each unit tower is provided with a gas transfer pipe; a gas valve is arranged on the transfer pipe; and the unit tower positioned on the uppermost part is provided with a discharge flue. The upgrading tower consists of a plurality of unit towers, so the structure is convenient to manufacture and mount, and products are easy to form. Due to the adoption of a continuous production mode, the large-scale low-order brown coal upgrading tower is suitable for large-scale industrial production, is simple in equipment and easy to implement, and provides an effective path for the utilization of the low-order brown coal.

The invention provides a fluidized bed low-temperature destructive distillation system and a low-temperature destructive distillation method of low-rank coal. According to the method, a mixed gas of hot coal gas produced by a gasification furnace and circulation cold coal gas is adopted as a hot carrier and a fluidizing gas of a destructive distillation reaction. A hydrogen atmosphere of coal gas can provide a partial hydrogenation effect, such that obtained tar has the advantages of high light component content, good quality, high thermal efficiency, and high yield. Also, with the method, a two-stage low-temperature destructive distillation reactor is adopted, such that the retention time of solid particles in the reactor is increased, destructive distillation effect is improved, high solid content in the bed can be maintained, and operation stability can be maintained. The invention also provides a low-temperature destructive distillation reactor. The low-temperature destructive distillation reactor is the two-stage low-temperature destructive distillation reactor, such that the retention time of solid particles in the reactor is increased, and destructive distillation effect is improved. With the two-stage low-temperature destructive distillation reactor, high solid content in the bed can be maintained, and operation stability can be maintained.

The invention relates to a process and device for sludge pyrolysis. The device is characterized by comprising a gas retort, a waste heat drying oven, a deodorization system, a purification system and a control system. A combustor is arranged on the lower portion of the hearth of the gas retort, and the hearth of the gas retort is connected with the waste heat drying oven. Wood chips or dry sludge particles are added to sludge to be mixed evenly, filter pressing is carried out, and sludge pressing blocks are manufactured. The sludge pressing blocks are pre-dried in the waste heat drying oven, and are contained in the inner kettle of the gas retort for carbonization, gas generated by the carbonization is separated by the purification system, and combustible gas is manufactured for heating the gas retort. Destructive distillation solid residues are used for the filtering and deodorization of combustion tail gas in the gas retort. A low-temperature carbonization technology is adopted, harmless utilization and recycling utilization are carried out on the sludge, the combustible gas generated in the low-temperature carbonization process can be used for heating the gas retort, resources are cyclically utilized and recycled, energy consumption in sludge treatment is reduced, the pollution of the sludge treatment on environment is reduced, secondary products with a high added-value are produced, and economic benefits and social benefits are achieved.