350 results about "Microwave pyrolysis" patented technology

The invention provides an industrial treatment method for oil field waste. The industrial treatment method for oil field waste comprises the following steps: carrying out sampling analysis on the oil field waste, preheating to 80-300 DEG C by using high-temperature steam or conduction oil, then carrying out microwave pyrolysis treatment, controlling pressure at minus 5000 to minus 100 Pa, thus obtaining solid treatment substances and gas, condensing, separating and purifying the gas, and finally recycling so as to obtain water, oil and non-condensable gas. An industrial treatment device for oil field waste comprises a feed hopper, a dryer, a microwave heating cavity, a microwave generator, a heating device and a condensation separation purification device, wherein the feed hopper is connected to the dryer which is connected to the microwave heating cavity, a steam or conduction oil outlet of the heating device is connected to a steam or conduction oil outlet of the dryer; gas outlets of the dryer and the microwave heating cavity are connected to the condensation separation purification device; the microwave generator is connected to the microwave heating cavity. The industrial treatment method and the industrial treatment device have good treatment effects, high utilization rate of energy sources and good economical efficiency.

The invention discloses a method for performing microwave pyrolysis on garbage. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) pretreating the garbage to obtain structured garbage which is suitable for microwave pyrolysis; 2) performing microwave pyrolysis on the garbage, namely introducing pyrolysis gas out of a pyrolysis gas outlet of a microwave pyrolysis device, continuously outputting pyrolysis solid products from a pyrolysis solid residue discharge port on the microwave pyrolysis device, sealing the rest parts of the microwave pyrolysis device except a garbage inlet, the pyrolysis solid residue discharge port and a pyrolysis gas outlet to prevent the pyrolysis gas from being leaked and preventing external air from entering the microwave pyrolysis device to ensure that the pyrolysis gas is used as protective gas for pyrolysis reaction; and 3) recovering pyrolysis products, namely treating according to the pyrolysis products. The method has the characteristics of rapidness and high efficiency, low energy consumption, low cost, high resource utilization rate, simplicity in operation, high garbage volume reduction rate, capacity of obviously reducing damage of garbage to environment and the like; and by the method, innocent treatment of the garbage can be realized really.

The invention discloses a catalyst for waste plastic microwave pyrolysis and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst comprises the following components by mass percent: 50.0-90.0% of a microwave absorption component, 9.0-49.9% of a catalytic cracking component, and 0.1-1.0% of a coking inhibiting component. The invention also discloses the preparation method of the catalyst. Compared with the prior art, the catalyst has the advantages that firstly, the catalyst has multiple functions, can effectively convert the microwave electromagnetic energy into heat, provides necessary energy for waste plastic pyrolysis and catalytic cracking, and can reach high equilibrium temperature in action; secondly, the yield of liquid pyrolysis oil is high, no coke is generated in the pyrolysis or the coke is loose and is easy to clear away; and thirdly, the preparation method of the catalyst is simple and is applicable to industrial production.

The invention discloses an industrial waste salt slag innocent treatment method. The industrial waste salt slag innocent treatment method mainly comprises the following steps: a) burdening materials according to types of the industrial waste salt slag, and uniformly mixing the materials; 2) drying the mixture, wherein the drying process at least comprises initial drying and medium microwave drying, the initial drying process can remove the most part of free water, the medium microwave drying can remove the crystal water and gasify a part of organic matters, and the drying temperature is a continuously adjustable stable temperature gradient; c) anaerobic microwave pyrolysis: pyrolyzing the dried mixture at the temperature of 450-500 DEG C and under a nitrogen charged environment for more than 100 minutes, so as to pyrolyze the organic matters to form micromolecules to be gasified, organic salt to be split and gasified and the contained ammonium salt to be decomposed; 3) conducting air cooling to the pyrolyzed waste salt to be put in storage, and then conducting complete innocent treatment to the pyrolyzed waste salt, detecting and then selling the qualified product or reusing the treated waste salt. The industrial waste salt slag innocent treatment method has the characteristics of safety, efficiency, energy conservation and the like, has the obvious advantage in the resource recycling aspect, can greatly slow down the solid waste management stress in the industrial developed area, in particular the chemical engineering petrochemical industry park, is favorable to promote the related sustained development of the park.

The invention discloses a method for preparing biomass oil in a microwave thermal decomposition way, which comprises the following steps: biomass enters a screw conveyer from a storage hopper, the feeding speed of the screw conveyer is 30-60 kilogram/h; the biomass enters a microwave pyrolysis reactor through the screw conveyor, the temperature of the biomass after absorbing microwave rapidly rises to 450-550 DEG C to reach the best temperature 475-500 DEG C of the biomass producing the oil; the biomass is thermally decomposed in the microwave pyrolysis reactor to produce high-temperature organic steam, the organic steam is sent to a cyclone separating device for gas and solid separation to remove carbon grains and sand; the organic steam is discharged through the cyclone separating device, the biomass is sent to a condenser for quenching, a condensable part of the biomass is changed into the biomass oil, and the biomass oil is dropped into an oil tank, thereby the biomass oil is prepared. The invention accords with the best process requirement of the biomass oil extraction without thermal conduction and has low cost, controllable and precise thermal decomposition temperature and no thermal inertia.

The invention relates to a biomass poly-generation comprehensive utilization method and device. The method comprises the steps of: naturally drying and roughly crushing biomass materials, then carrying out microwave heating and cracking in a microwave pyrolysis chamber, introducing thermal gas (tar) and solid semicoke which are generated by microwave heating and cracking into a microwave reforming chamber, and further carrying out microwave heating and reforming on the thermal gas (tar) to convert the thermal gas (tar) into synthesis gas under the catalytic reaction of the semicoke; activating and regenerating the semicoke after catalysis and reforming, and then sending to the microwave reforming chamber for continuous catalytic reaction. In the invention, directional conversion from biomass to synthesis gas is realized by means of microwave radiation, the semicoke generated by pyrolysis is used as a reforming catalyst, two technologies of microwave pyrolysis and microwave reforming are integrated, and the semicoke can be activated and regenerated for recycling under microwave radiation. The semicoke that is not suitable for recycling can also be returned to field directly or in the form of a compound fertilizer after being mixed with fertilizer to improve soil carbon sink and enhance soil fertility. Compared with other processes, the method has the advantage of high synthesis gas conversion rate improved by about 10%; the prepared synthesis gas has wide applications and can be used for synthesizing chemical products such as ammonia, dimethyl ether, fertilizer and the like. The method can realize the resource poly-generation comprehensive utilization of biomass.

The invention discloses high-selectivity carbide catalyst for naphthalene hydrogenation reaction for preparing tetrahydronaphthalene and a quick microwave preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of catalyst material application and preparation. The method comprises the steps of: fully grinding complex compounds containing relevant metals and carriers, or supporting the complex compounds containing the relevant metals onto the surfaces of carriers through a solution impregnation method and conducting microwave pyrolysis in inert gas to form the supported carbide catalyst. The invention provides the high-efficiency carbide catalyst with 100 percent selectivity aiming at the naphthalene hydrogenation reaction for preparing the tetrahydronaphthalene and a simple, convenient, quick, environmental-friendly and energy-saving preparation method thereof. The prepared carbide particles are evenly dispersed on the carriers, so that the situation of surface carbon deposition is avoided. The contradiction between high catalyst selectivity and high cost is successfully avoided, and therefore the high-selectivity carbide catalyst and the preparation method thereof have promising industrial application prospect.

The invention discloses a garbage microwave pyrolysis comprehensive treatment system and a method and equipment used by the same, aiming to solve the problems of microwave pyrolysis treatment, and the method and equipment used by the system. The comprehensive treatment system comprises a municipal solid waste (MSW) preprocessing system A, a vertical garbage continuous microwave heating low temperature cracking furnace B, a solid product activated carbon production system C, a pyrolysis gas preparation fuel gas system D, a liquid product distilled extraction light oil and fuel oil system F and a matched sewage treatment system G, wherein the MSW preprocessing system A, the solid product activated carbon production system C and the pyrolysis gas preparation fuel gas system D are respectively connected with the vertical garbage continuous microwave heating low temperature cracking furnace B; and the liquid product distilled extraction light oil and fuel oil system F is connected with the oil recovery pipeline of the pyrolysis gas preparation fuel gas system D. The invention has the advantage that: low carbon emission is realized in the treatment process under the reducing atmosphere, fixed carbon in the garbage is emitted without violent toxicity like dioxin and heavy metal solid powder, the treated wastewater can be recycled and max garbage resource recycling is realized.

The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing biological oil, activated carbon and combustible gas by use of biomass poly-generation. The method comprises: carrying out microwave pyrolysis on biomass by use of a horizontal rate furnace microwave pyrolysis device, and filtering and condensing the obtained gas phase product to obtain the biological oil and the combustible gas. After being heated by heat exchange with high temperature activated carbon, air is used for drying a raw material. In the device, microwave radiation heating and horizontal rate furnace delivery are adopted, the raw material does not need to be crushed to fine granules, no carrier gas is needed in the pyrolysis process, the yield of the combustible gas can be improved to achieve a poly-generation effect, and biochar granules are avoided of entering the pyrolysis gas, so that the quality of the biological oil is improved.

A method for recycling noble metals from electronic waste materials and apparatus thereof. The method comprises the following steps: mechanically breaking up the electronic waste materials; removing rubber and plastic materials by electrostatic separation; removing ferromagnetic metals by magnetic separation; removing residual rubber and plastic materials by microwave pyrolysis; removing low-melting-point metals by indirectly heating using microwave; separating the noble metals from one another in turn from low-melting-point metal to high-melting-point metal for recycle. The apparatus includes a microwave housing. A filtering screen is positioned on the inside wall of the housing horizontally, and vertically-arranged and open-ended heating pipes are positioned over the filtering screen. The method and apparatus can adequately recycle resources in the electronic waste materials.

The invention relates to a method for directionally producing biomass charcoal, biomass oil and biomass gas through microwave catalytic pyrolysis of biomass, and belongs to the technical field of biomass energy utilization. According to the method, firstly, the biomass is subjected to impurity removal, crushing and drying, added with a catalyst and uniformly mixed, and a gaseous product and a solid product are obtained through microwave pyrolysis; and the obtained gaseous product is rapidly condensed, a condensable part is directly condensed to form liquid-phase high-quality biomass oil, non-condensable gas is high calorific value gas fuel, the obtained solid product is taken out after cooled to the room temperature with a furnace, and high-yield biomass charcoal is obtained. The high-yield biomass charcoal is taken as a raw material for producing activated carbon or fuel to be directly used. The method is simple, efficient and environment-friendly, and the resource utilization rate is high.

A device utilizing microwave to pyrolyze raw materials consists of block gate, material screw pressing unit, air leakage draught fan, microwave pyrolysis chamber, carbon combustion chamber and ash release capstan. It is featured as carrying out heating-pyrolysis on raw material being wrapped or packed directly by microwave without break or grind of raw material.

The present document describes a catalyst to initiate microwave pyrolysis of waste, a process for the microwave pyrolysis of waste using the catalyst, as well as a microwave pyrolysis system.

The invention discloses a systematic device and a method for biomass microwave pyrolysis poly-generation by adopting combined washing and baking pretreatment. The systematic device comprises a biomass washing-baking-pyrolysis system and a washing liquor circulatory system. According to the method, firstly, biomass raw materials are washed to remove part of alkali metal and impurities and then pre-dried, then large quantities of hemicellulose components are decomposed through baking pretreatment, the physical microstructure of biomass is improved, and the quality of a biomass microwave pyrolysis product after pretreatment is improved; the obtained biomass has high char calorific value and ash fusion point, low bio-oil water content and acidity, stable chemical composition, high syngas calorific value and great follow-up utilization potential. Energy of volatile matters is recovered and taken as a pre-drying heat source; meanwhile, the washing liquor circulatory system recovers sensible heat of pyrolysis char and moisture and latent heat in exhaust gas of flue gas after drying, the energy efficiency of the system is high, exhaust gas is not discharged in an operation process, operating parameters can be adjusted according to the biomass raw materials, the system operation safety is high, and the cost is low.

The invention discloses a method for treating a waste lithium battery by microwave pyrolysis. The method comprises the following steps of: placing a waste lithium battery which is discharged thoroughly in an industrial microwave oven for the pyrolysis, and respectively performing aftertreatment on oil gas and solid generated during the pyrolysis, wherein a shell of the battery is removed, and the pyrolysis temperature is 400-900 DEG C. The method is simple in treatment process, high in energy utilization rate, few in generated wastes, small in occupying area, low in treatment cost, and short in treatment time. In addition, by using the method, the environment friendliness can be realized, three wastes can not be generated, the zero discharging of the wastes can be realized basically, and the energy and resource recycling of the waste lithium battery can be realized, so that the method has a good development prospect.

The present invention relates to a ternary cathode material modified by carbon quantum dots and a preparation method thereof. The ternary cathode material is a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathodematerial and has a molecular formula of LiNixCoyMnzO2, wherein 0<=x<1, 0<=y<1, 0<=z<1, and x+y+z=1; and the carbon quantum dots are distributed at the surface of the ternary cathode material. The carbon quantum dots are employed to modify the ternary cathode material to reduce the material surface alkali content, effectively improve the material electrical conductivity and improve the rate capability and the cycle performance of the material. In the preparation process, a microwave pyrolysis method is employed to perform in-situ pyrolysis at the surface of the ternary cathode material to generate the carbon quantum dots, the carbon quantum dots are more uniformly distributed, and in the preparation process, the temperature of the system is low, so that the problem is solved that the transition metal is subjected to carbon reduction when the surface of the ternary cathode material is coated with the carbon material.

The invention discloses a horizontal microwave cracking furnace for solid organic matter. A furnace chamber formed by sequential butt joint of a feeding device (2), a feeding microwave inhibitor (4), a microwave oven (5), a discharging microwave inhibitor (11) and a discharging device (12) is installed on a machine frame (1), a conveyer (3) is installed in the furnace chamber and passes through the microwave oven (5), one end of the conveyer (3) is in butt joint with the feeding device (2), the other end of the conveyer (3) is in butt joint with the discharging device (12), and the center axis of a whole furnace body is placed horizontally. A microwave pyrolysis technique is adopted, and heating speed is high; due to the fact that microwave heating is integral heating, microwaves can directly act on medium molecules for heat energy conversion, the inside and outside of a material can be heated at the same time, and microwaves can penetrate through the material evenly no matter the shape of the material; meanwhile, based on microwave non-thermal catalytic effect, cracking speed is high, cracking is thorough, the quality of obtained products is high, energy can be saved greatly, and control is easy; besides, microwave energy is transmitted in an airtight chamber made of metal and a waveguide tube, so that leakage and emission of harmful gases are avoided, and safety performance is quite high.

The invention relates to a preparation method of pH and thermal dual-sensitive lipidosome loaded with magnetic carbon quantum dots on an internal water phase, which concretely comprises the following steps of: 1) preparing nano ferroferric oxide by a co-precipitation method, carrying out surface modification by polyethyleneimine, preparing carbon quantum dots by a microwave pyrolysis method, and adding the carbon quantum dots into the modified magnetic particle solution to form the magnetic carbon quantum dots; and 2) loading the magnetic carbon quantum dots into the internal water phase of the lipidosome by a low-pressure film formation-high-pressure incubation method, and grafting the pH and heat sensitivity triblock copolymer on the surface of the lipidosome by hydrophobic effect to prepare the lipidosome modified by nano particles and polymer. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method is simple and lower in cost; the prepared product can be developed into a diagnosis therapeutic agent with functions of magnetic targeting, fluorescence imaging or tracing; and the medicine carrying system of pH and thermal controlled-release medicine has important reference value for developing other types of multifunctional medicine carriers.

The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a treatment process of industrial waste salt. The treatment process of the industrial waste salt comprises the following steps of (a), carrying out microwave drying on the industrial waste salt under a closed condition to obtain dry waste salt; (b) crushing the dry waste salt to obtain waste salt powder; (c) carrying out microwave pyrolysis on the waste salt powder under an aerobic condition to obtain pyrolyzed salt; and (d), sequentially dissolving, filtering and crystallizing the pyrolyzed salt to obtain regenerated industrial salt. According to the treatment process of the industrial waste salt, the industrial waste salt is subjected to microwave drying, crushing, microwave pyrolysis and purification treatment to obtain the high-purity regenerated industrial salt. The treatment process has the advantages of simple process, high treatment efficiency, suitability for large-scale treatment of the industrial waste salt and good industrial popularization prospects.

The invention discloses a biomass microwave pyrolysis oriented gasification method and system. The method includes a microwave pyrolysis reaction process, a microwave gasification reaction process anda catalyst recycling regeneration process. An employed catalyst is a catalyst including biological semi-coke, biological tar, nickel oxide and a group I metal hydroxide. The system of the present invention includes a feed assembly, a microwave pyrolysis assembly, a microwave gasification assembly and a catalyst regeneration assembly. The catalyst regeneration assembly includes an oxidation processor, a deashing tank, a dispersion processor, a precipitation processor, an extruder, a baking chamber and a necessary solid-liquid separation device. The method and system of the present invention can catalyze oriented conversion of biomass into syngas to achieve a gas yield of 90% or more, a syngas content of 90% or more, and a H2/CO ratio controlled between 2.0 and 3.0. The system can effectively couple and integrate products and energy during the production process, and achieve a continuous and streamlined process.