230results about "Fixed-bed gasification" patented technology

To provide a system of a biomass ultra-high temperature furnace characterized by production of a high calorie gas.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a machine, a component, a system, a bio-automobile, a bio-locomotive, and a bio-engine, such as a "biomass automobile", a "biomass driving engine", and a "biomass engine", which use hydrogen (H2), carbon (C), and the like of moisture of biomass as energy sources. In order to get an ultra high temperature furnace having a temperature of a lower portion in a furnace of temperature of 815°C or more, a gust of wind is blown by composite energy. The composite energy is a biomass ultra-high temperature system of 815°C or higher, in which oxygen is blown into normal-temperature or high-temperature air to be blown into biomass, air is dehumidified, and petroleum-based liquid / gas / solid, coal-based liquid / gas / solid, natural gas-based liquid / gas / solid, normal-temperature water or high-temperature water, solar energy such as sunlight or solar heat, or solid / liquid / gas serving as other energy source is blasted.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

A fully modularized mid-feed pyrolysis reactor includes modularized upper, middle, and lower vessels. The middle vessel is equipped with at least two feeding units. Discharge pipes of the feeding units are placed into the core feeding and reaction zone of the reactor. The discharge outlets of the discharge pipes are equipped with heat-insulating valves that can automatically close under gravity. The lower vessel integrates an integrated grate, which can be rotatably arranged inside the lower vessel. The top of the integrated grate is equipped with a rotatable distributor including a support tray and a material distribution tower with a pointed top structure positioned at the center of the support tray. The bracket formed by water-cooling pipes on the distributor can act as an agitator. Under the premise of achieving precise control, this invention solves the technical problems of single feedstock and small reactor capacity in existing bottom-feed vertical pyrolysis reactors.

The invention discloses a method for preparing component-adjustable crude synthesis gas through high-temperature pyrolysis of an out-of-service fan blade. The method comprises the following steps: crushing the out-of-service fan blade, and filtering to obtain blade powder; the blade powder obtained in the step (1) is wrapped in a conductive carbon felt, Joule heat high-temperature treatment is conducted on the conductive carbon felt, the fan blade powder is pyrolyzed, the pyrolysis temperature is 800-2500 DEG C, gas generated by pyrolysis is collected, and crude synthesis gas is obtained and comprises hydrogen, methane, small molecule hydrocarbon gas, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; along with the increase of the pyrolysis temperature, the volume ratio of the carbon monoxide in the crude synthesis gas is increased in a gradient manner. According to the method, the retired fan blade can be efficiently pyrolyzed, the component proportion of the crude synthesis gas can be regulated and controlled, and the yield of the synthesis gas is relatively high.

A fully modularized, bottom-feed type pyrolysis reactor includes a reactor vessel, a feeding unit, an integrated grate, and an ash / char discharge unit. The reactor vessel includes detachable upper and lower vessels. The integrated grate is rotatable and integrated to an air inlet unit, feeding unit, and discharge unit. A water-cooled cooling and stirring pipe is mounted on a top face of the integrated grate, and an ash / char discharge unit is located at the bottom of the integrated grate. Ash / char is discharged through discharge gate unit, addressing the problems of inconvenient transportation, installation of the pyrolysis reactor, and imprecise temperature control. Manufactured in a modular fashion, the electrical and monitoring systems are pre-assembled and comprehensively tested before transportation to the site, reducing installation time by 90% while ensuring installation quality and allowing for various orientation configurations to meet customers' on-site requirements without altering the overall design of the reactor.

A process for processing carbonaceous material includes delivering a carbonaceous material to a reactor; delivering a catalyst to the reactor; processing the carbonaceous material at a relatively low temperature within the reactor to decompose the carbonaceous material to base compounds.

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass gasification hydrogen production, in particular to a biomass waste segmented pyrolysis catalytic gasification hydrogen production process system. The hydrogen production rate of the biomass gasification hydrogen production technology is low and is difficult to reach more than 700mL / g biomass. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the process system for producing hydrogen through segmented pyrolysis and catalytic gasification of the biomass wastes, and the tar yield in the pyrolysis process is remarkably reduced through graded and stepwise thermochemical conversion by using cheap aluminum smelting waste residues, pyrolysis semicoke and a carbon molecular sieve as catalysts and pyrolysis residues to catalyze tar steam; the aluminum smelting waste residues are coupled with the molecular sieve to catalyze tar cracking, the effect of catalyzing tar cracking for hydrogen production through a cheap nickel-based catalyst is improved, and the hydrogen proportion reaches 70% or above through catalytic reforming of hydrocarbon gas through carbon molecular sieve loaded nickel; the purposes of energy regeneration and reduction of biomass waste and harmless and resource utilization of aluminum smelting waste residues and pyrolysis residues are achieved.

The invention relates to a method for treating a mixture M1, said method comprising the following steps: a) a pressurizing step: pressurizing said mixture M1 to obtain a mixture M1p; b) a heating step of heating the mixture M1p to allow a mixture M2 to be obtained; c) a separation step: separating the mixture M2 to obtain an inorganic-rich stream M3 and an inorganic-poor stream M4; d) a hydrothermal gasification step: carrying out hydrothermal gasification on the inorganic-poor material flow M4 to obtain a mixture M5; e) a cooling and separation step of cooling and separating at least a portion of the mixture M5 to separate the gas from a liquid effluent M5'comprising ammonia; f) a possible ammonia enrichment step: subjecting at least a portion of the liquid effluent M5'to an ammonia enrichment treatment to obtain an ammonia-rich stream M5 ''and an ammonia-lean stream M8; g) a mixing step of mixing (i) at least a portion of the stream M3 and (ii) at least a portion of the stream M5'or at least a portion of the stream M5 ", if any, obtained by step f), to obtain a mixture M6; h) a struvite formation step of forming struvite from at least a portion of the mixture M6 in a precipitation reactor; and i) a struvite recovery step: recovering struvite at an outlet of the precipitation reactor. The treatment method further comprises at least one injection step of injecting at least one magnesium salt into the mixture M1 before step a) and / or during step g) and / or during step h) and / or into the mixture M6 between steps g) and h), the mixing step g) may be carried out in the precipitation reactor as desired.

A carbonization step of carbonizing biomass to produce a carbide, a reforming gasification step of performing a mixed gasification reaction of the carbide with steam and carbon dioxide to produce a reformed gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and carbon dioxide, and the reformed gas is C 2 An ethanol production step of producing ethanol by bringing it into contact with an oxygen-containing catalyst and a hydrogenation catalyst, and separating and recovering a metal-containing residue generated together with the reformed gas in the reforming gasification step from the reformed gas, and mixing the metal-containing residue with the biomass. A method for producing bioethanol having a mixing step.

A gasifier system configured to generate synthesis gas via thermal decomposition of materials at elevated temperatures in an oxygen deprived atmosphere via pyrolysis is disclosed. The gasifier may include numerous subsystems configured to increase the operational efficiency of the gasifier. For example, and not by means of limitation, the gasifier may include a syngas recirculation system, a screenless ash removal system, a tar reduction system, a negative slope gasifier system and a syngas catalyzer system. The syngas recirculation system may increase efficiency of the gasifier system.

A method for operating a waste treatment device according to the present invention operates a waste treatment device comprising a gasification / reforming furnace that thermally decomposes waste, gasifies the product, and reforms the produced gas to generate reformed gas, a gas purification device that purifies the reformed gas generated by the gasification / reforming furnace, and a chemical product production device that produces a liquid chemical product using the purified gas purified by the gas purification device as a raw material, wherein carbon dioxide remaining in the exhaust gas from the process for producing the chemical product by the chemical product production device is supplied to the gasification / reforming furnace.

A method of producing a gas from a combustible material is provided. The method comprises the steps of loading the combustible material into a containment structure and sealing it therein. An oxidant is fed into the sealed containment structure with a controlled flow rate and a controlled rate of movement such that the combustible material is partly converted, thereby leaving behind thermally affected layers of combustible material after the injection point has passed through the material. At least some of the combustible material is converted into molten slag and or char that accumulates as the bottom-most thermally affected layer and subsequently cools and solidifies. The method is characterised in that it further includes the step of discharging solid slag and or char in the bottom-most thermally affected layer from under material that remains in the containment structure to remove solid slag and or char from the containment structure.

A method of producing a gas from a combustible material is provided. The method comprises the steps of loading the combustible material into a containment structure and sealing it therein. An oxidant is fed into the sealed containment structure with a controlled flow rate and a controlled rate of movement such that the combustible material is partly converted, thereby leaving behind thermally affected layers of combustible material after the injection point has passed through the material. At least some of the combustible material is converted into molten slag and or char that accumulates as the bottom-most thermally affected layer and subsequently cools and solidifies. The method is characterised in that it further includes the step of discharging solid slag and or char in the bottom-most thermally affected layer from under material that remains in the containment structure to remove solid slag and or char from the containment structure.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing carbon monoxide (CO) and molecular hydrogen (H2) from a textile material, processes for preparing valuable components using one or more of the prepared CO and H2, and a recycling unit for carrying out said process for preparing CO and H2 from a textile material.

An apparatus includes at least one container with at least one carbonaceous material inlet, at an upper end of the container, for providing carbonaceous material into an internal chamber of the container; at least one first carbonaceous material outlet, at a lower end of the container, for removing carbonaceous material from the internal chamber; and at least one gas outlet for removing gas from the internal chamber. The internal chamber includes a first carbonaceous material communication pathway between the carbonaceous material inlet and the first carbonaceous material outlet, and carbonaceous material which travels along the first carbonaceous material communication pathway in use at least passes consecutively through a first reduction zone, a first oxidation zone, and a second reduction zone.

The invention discloses a two-stage gas producer and a coal gasification method, the gas producer comprises: a gas producer provided with a feed inlet, an upper-stage gas outlet, a lower-stage gas outlet, a second gasifying agent inlet, and a first gasifying agent inlet; the fire grate is arranged in the gas producer and is positioned below the second gasifying agent inlet; and a phenol water vapor outlet of the phenol water vapor stripping tower, which is communicated with the first gasifying agent inlet and the second gasifying agent inlet, is formed in the phenol water vapor stripping tower. The heat of the lower section coal gas is respectively used for heating phenol water in the reboiler and superheated steam in the superheater, the sensible heat of the lower section coal gas is recovered, the temperature of the lower section coal gas is reduced, the heat efficiency is high, meanwhile, the phenol water obtained after purification treatment of the upper section coal gas is recycled, and the resource utilization rate is improved.

Processes and systems are disclosed for converting animal manure into useful energy and materials. Some variations provide a process for converting animal manure into a purified thermal gas, comprising: drying a starting animal manure in a manure dryer; pelletizing the dried animal manure to generate manure pellets; thermally reacting the manure pellets in a thermal reactor to generate an intermediate thermal gas and a solid biochar; separating out the solid biochar; condensing the intermediate thermal gas to generate a cooled thermal gas; compressing the cooled thermal gas to generate a compressed thermal gas; catalytically reacting the compressed thermal gas in a water-gas shift reactor to generate a shifted thermal gas having an adjusted H2 / CO ratio; treating the shifted thermal gas using an acid-gas removal unit to generate a purified thermal gas; removing water and / or light gases from the purified thermal gas; and recovering or further processing the purified thermal gas.

The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy utilization, and provides a method and device for preparing high-quality fuel gas from biomass. The present invention performs tar cracking while pyrolyzing biomass, converting tar into small-molecule permanent gas, thereby greatly reducing the tar content in the fuel gas, avoiding the hot and cold disease problem of the pyrolysis gaseous material first cooling down and then heating up from a high-temperature state when it exits the gasification reactor, making the temperature distribution of the process more reasonable, reducing the cost of reactor equipment, and improving energy efficiency. The present invention couples the water-gas shift and methanation reaction into a one-step reaction, so that the two reactions assist each other, which is beneficial to promoting the equilibrium conversion rate of the reaction, and the water-gas shift can directly utilize the product H2O of CO methanation, reducing the consumption of external steam and lowering the cost. The device structure provided by the present invention includes an upstream moving bed reactor and a downstream fixed bed reactor, which has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and can achieve efficient preparation of high-quality fuel gas.

The invention discloses a low-temperature biomass gasifier and a dry charcoal and fuel gas coupling burning boiler technology, and belongs to the technical field of biomass gasifiers, the low-temperature biomass gasifier comprises a top plate, an upper barrel, a middle barrel, a lower barrel and a discharging barrel, the top plate, the upper barrel, the middle barrel, the lower barrel and the discharging barrel are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, every two of the five gasification furnace bodies are connected through assembly, the outer portion of the gasification furnace body is supported through a supporting unit, and a discharging unit connected through an auxiliary transition barrel is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace body and used for discharging. The auxiliary transition barrel has the beneficial effects that the auxiliary transition barrel is clamped with the outer part of the discharging barrel of the gasification furnace main body, so that a stable transition channel is provided for carbon residues, the carbon residues falling from the discharging barrel can smoothly enter an auger conveyor, the carbon residues are prevented from being accumulated, blocked or splashed outwards at a discharging opening, and the service life of the discharging opening is prolonged. By means of the design, the overall structure of the equipment is more compact and reasonable.

The present invention relates to a multistage process and to a system for producing synthesis gas from carbonaceous solids and slurries. The process comprises the pyrolysing of the carbonaceous solids and slurries with exclusion of air to form a solid carbon carrier carbonizate and a pyrolysis gas; the oxidizing of the separated pyrolysis gas with incoming oxygen, and the contacting of the carbon carrier carbonizate with the oxidized pyrolysis gas.

A rotary grate pyrolysis gasification furnace comprises a furnace body and a plurality of furnace body supporting frames for supporting the peripheral side walls of the furnace body, a smoke outlet is formed in one side of the furnace body, a feeding port is formed in the top of the furnace body, a grate supporting disc is fixedly supported in the furnace body supporting frames below the furnace body, and a rotary grate is rotatably supported on the grate supporting disc. The upper end and the lower end of the rotary fire grate are in rotary sealing connection with the fire grate supporting disc and the lower end of the furnace body through sealing structures correspondingly, the rotary fire grate is driven by a driving device to rotate, a vertical air inlet pipe is arranged in the center in the fire grate supporting disc, and the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe extends out of the fire grate supporting disc. Compared with a traditional fixed bed gasification furnace, the pyrolysis gasification furnace has the advantages that the pyrolysis efficiency is improved by more than 20%, meanwhile, the carbon content of residues is reduced to below 5%, resource waste is reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved.

The present invention discloses a method and system for preparing synthesis gas from biomass, comprising the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing a first catalyst, wood vinegar and water to obtain a pretreatment solution; (2) adding a biomass raw material to the pretreatment solution for impregnation and drying to obtain a pretreated biomass raw material; (3) the pretreated biomass raw material enters a carbonization reactor for carbonization reaction; (4) the solid material obtained after the carbonization reaction is uniformly mixed with a second catalyst and then enters a gasification reactor for gasification reaction to obtain synthesis gas. The present invention uses biomass as a raw material to prepare a synthesis gas product through a carbonization-gasification combined process, and has the advantages of simple process, high synthesis gas yield and high energy utilization.

The invention discloses a water-cooling fire grate of a biomass gasification furnace. The water-cooling fire grate comprises a fire grate body, an ash tray, a base, an air inlet pipe and a cooling water tank, an inner cavity of the fire grate body is hollow, and cooling water is contained in the inner cavity. A water inlet and a water outlet for cooling water are formed in the fire grate body; the ash tray is arranged at the bottom of the fire grate body, and a static pressure chamber is arranged between the fire grate body and the ash tray; the base is arranged at the bottom of the ash tray and is rotationally connected with the ash tray; the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe penetrates through the base and the ash tray and then extends into the static pressure chamber; a plurality of air outlet holes communicated with the gasification furnace and the static pressure chamber are formed in the fire grate body; the cooling water tank is connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water inlet, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the water outlet. The cooling effect of the water-cooling fire grate is good, and the continuous operation time of the gasification furnace can be prolonged.

Carbon negative emission methods, a nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system, an air supply device and a flow control module. The system for use in carbon negative emission methods enables biomass to produce inorganic carbon and pyrolysis gas / gasification gas to realize negative emission of carbon. The nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system enables fuel to be in mixed combustion with the pyrolysis gas / gasification gas to remove nitrogen oxides, which realizes ultra-low emission of the nitrogen oxides. The air supply device is in communication with a biomass pyrolysis coupling partial gasification and is in communication with the system for use in carbon negative emission methods and the nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system. The pyrolysis gas / gasification gas enters the nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system. The flow control module controls a flow ratio of a pyrolysis agent / gasification agent entering the system for use in carbon negative emission methods and flow of the pyrolysis gas / gasification gas and air entering the nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system.

Processes are disclosed that utilize beneficial reactions downstream of carbonaceous feed (e.g., biomass) oxidative conversion technologies, and advantageously under conditions (e.g., high temperatures) and / or with the syngas effluent quality (e.g., having particulates and / or other impurities) characteristic of raw syngas exiting such technologies (e.g., prior to, or upstream of, certain syngas purification operations). Such conversion technologies utilize an oxygen-containing feed or, more broadly, an oxidant-containing feed. The beneficial reactions may be carried out by the introduction of hydrogen for performing the reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction and / or by the introduction of one or more hydrocarbons (e.g., methane, ethane, and / or propane) for performing the dry reforming reaction. These and other reactions can advantageously adjust the composition of the syngas obtained (e.g., as the raw syngas from an oxidative conversion technology) in a manner benefitting its subsequent use in providing value-added products such as liquid hydrocarbons.

A vertical carbon activation retort is disclosed, comprising a central column with a hollow interior. The column features an upper end for receiving feed material and a lower end for discharging activated material. The central column is partitioned into at least two interconnected chambers, facilitating the sequential flow of feed material between chambers during operation. Each chamber is equipped with a syngas offtake, enabling the extraction of syngas from the chamber during the activation process.

The invention relates to the technical field of gasification furnaces, in particular to a UGI gasification furnace control method. Comprising the following steps: S1, slag discharge resistance adjustment: referring to flow-proof plate parameters of fixed bed gasifiers in the same industry; s2, air blowing strategy matching: determining initial air blowing intensity based on the increased total slag discharge resistance in the step S1 according to raw material coal characteristics of the target gasification furnace, and matching corresponding circulation time and in-furnace steam pressure based on the initial air blowing intensity to form an initial air blowing process parameter group; s3, working condition evaluation and collaborative optimization are carried out, economic indexes of operation of the gasification furnace are obtained, and a staged progressive optimization strategy is adopted based on the economic indexes. Through working condition evaluation and collaborative optimization, a staged progressive optimization strategy is adopted to dynamically adjust geometric parameters and blowing strength of the flow prevention structure, and the comprehensive targets of stable furnace conditions, gas production rate improvement and energy consumption reduction can be achieved at the same time. The method is mainly applied to UGI gasifier control.

Processes are disclosed for the gasification of carbonaceous feeds and preferably biomass, which can implement one or more strategies for removing contaminants, particularly chlorides and ammonia, with reduced negative impacts on overall processing objectives. These objectives can include obtaining a syngas product, with sufficient purity and hydrogen content or H2:CO molar ratio, that favor downstream conversion and / or separation operations as needed to generate value-added products (e.g., hydrocarbons, alcohols such as methanol, RNG, or renewable, purified hydrogen). According to certain aspects, heat and / or material integration of (i) contaminant removal with (ii) other operations of the gasification process can lead to further efficiencies. Metallurgical requirements over conventional processes may be reduced.

A method, system, and apparatus for decomposing a biomass feedstock include providing a layer of inert particulate matter, such as sand, to line and insulate the bottom surface of a main chamber of a reactor where pyrolysis and oxidation are conducted to produce char and producer gases as primary products. In an embodiment, feedstock positioned in a side region of the reaction chamber insulates side walls of the main chamber from heat in the center region of the main chamber. In an embodiment of the method, a rate of removal of solid products such as char from the reactor is controlled in response to a temperature detected at a position of an extraction tube inlet of the reactor. Activated charcoal may be obtained as a primary product using the system and method, by feeding oxygen into the reactor at an inlet positioned adjacent to an inlet to the extraction chamber.

A gasification reactor for conversion of a feedstock to syngas and biochar. The gasification reactor includes a biomass input configured to receive feedstock, a gasifying medium inlet adjacent to the biomass input and configured to receive a gasifying medium, and a reactor vessel configured to gasify the feedstock with the gasifying medium to generate syngas and biochar. The reactor vessel is disposed downstream of the gasifying medium inlet. The reactor vessel may comprise cement along an inner surface of the reactor vessel. The reactor vessel may further comprise a blower coupled to the gasifying medium inlet to drive the gasifying medium into the reactor vessel. The reactor vessel may further comprise a biomass movement instrument to regulate the flow of the feedstock.

Gasification processes are disclosed, implementing one or more strategies for managing the requirements of water utilization for a number of purposes. These include cooling of the gasifier effluent and conditioning it for subsequent operations, such as by removing solids and water-soluble contaminants. Advantageously, the needs for gasifier effluent purification are integrated with its cooling (e.g., quenching, including full quenching) requirements, optionally further in combination with other water-utilizing operations such as water treatment and / or steam generation systems. Some benefits may be further realized according to the manner in which the gasifier effluent is cooled, such as by full quenching through direct contact with quench water, to provide a cooled, saturated gasifier effluent. The overall effect of these strategies may be reduced capital, utility, and operating costs, with simplified control / instrumentation.