2360 results about "Biochar" patented technology

The invention belongs to the field of biochar adsorbing materials, and relates to a method for preparing modified biochar with aquatic plant waste and hematite. The method includes the following steps: (1) naturally drying aquatic plants prior to crushing to obtain aquatic plant powder; (2) crushing the hematite to obtain hematite powder; (3) weighing the hematite powder prior to putting the hematite powder into deionized water, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain suspension; (4) weighing the aquatic plant powder, soaking the aquatic plant powder in the suspension, and stirring and drying to obtain fully mixed aquatic plant and hematite mixture; (5) weighing the fully mixed aquatic plant and hematite mixture, putting the mixture in a batch-type atmosphere furnace, and feeding nitrogen into the furnace; performing temperature programming to the target temperature, and maintaining final-temperature pyrolysis; after the pyrolysis process is finished, obtaining the target product, namely the modified biochar. The modified biochar has strong adsorbability in nitrate and phosphate, high in stability and reusable.

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic pollution treatment, and relates to a biochar-LDH-nZVI-GO composite material for organic pollution remediation and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that graphene oxide is ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water, magnesium salt and aluminum salt are added to form uniform suspension liquid, then the uniform suspension liquid is mixed with biochar suspension liquid, and the biochar-nZVI-GO composite material is obtained; carrying out pH (Potential of Hydrogen) regulation and a hydrothermal crystallization reaction, so as to prepare a biochar-Mg / Al-LDH-GO compound; and dispersing the compound in an organic solvent, sequentially adding FeSO4. 7H2O and a NaBH4 solution in an inert atmosphere to carry out a reduction reaction, and finally washing and drying to obtain the biochar-LDH-nZVI-GO composite material. The material shows high-efficiency removal capacity on various organic pollutants such as trichloroethylene, chlorobenzene and polychlorinated biphenyl, is suitable for high-efficiency green remediation of organic pollutants in soil and water, and has good popularization and application prospects.

The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a soil remediation formula optimization method based on solid waste raw material charcoal improvement, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a coal gangue powder material flow and a sludge material flow, respectively performing component detection on a soil sample set, the coal gangue powder material flow and the sludge material flow to obtain a component content report, performing multi-factor combination on the plurality of biochar, the plurality of microbiota and the plurality of enrichment plants to obtain a plurality of first initial raw material combinations; and constructing a plurality of unit soil remediation experiment groups based on the component content report, the plurality of first initial raw material combinations, the soil sample set, the coal gangue powder material flow and the sludge material flow, and performing a soil remediation experiment on the plurality of unit soil remediation experiment groups based on a preset test pause condition to obtain an optimal scheme. According to the invention, the formula optimization of targeted soil remediation can be realized by utilizing the charcoal, the coal gangue and the municipal sludge.

The invention provides a biochar composite porous material for heavy metal contaminated soil remediation and a preparation method and application of the biochar composite porous material. The preparation method comprises the steps that biomass raw materials are subjected to high-temperature pyrolysis carbonization and then smashed, ground and sieved, and biochar powder is obtained; dispersing in a phosphoric acid solution to obtain a biochar solution, and filtering, washing and drying after a hydrothermal activation reaction to obtain activated biochar; dispersing in a chitosan solution, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation, filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified charcoal; mixing sodium bentonite, attapulgite and deionized water, uniformly mixing the modified charcoal, the functional slurry and a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution to obtain composite slurry, performing compression molding to obtain a green body, and then drying and calcining the green body. The biochar composite porous material prepared by the invention can simultaneously play multiple roles of physical adsorption, chemical chelation, ion exchange and the like in a heavy metal contaminated soil treatment process, so that efficient fixation of various heavy metal ions is realized.

The invention provides a low-carbon modular artificial wetland system and a carbon sink collaborative purification method thereof, and relates to the technical field of artificial wetlands, the low-carbon modular artificial wetland system comprises a modular box body, and a water inlet layer, a carbon sink layer and a purification layer which are sequentially arranged in the modular box body from top to bottom; the water inlet layer is used for filtering suspended matters through coarse sand; the carbon sequestration layer is used for adsorbing carbon dioxide through biochar and carbon sequestration microorganisms, and meanwhile, the carbon sequestration capacity is enhanced through the plant-microorganism synergistic effect; the purification layer is used for purifying a water body through an iron-based phosphorus removal material and a zeolite denitrification filler. The technical problems of low-carbon material selection, carbon sink potential excavation, renewable energy source coupling and greenhouse gas emission inhibition of an existing constructed wetland system are solved, the technical effects of efficient sewage purification and carbon emission reduction are achieved, and a carbon emission reduction closed loop of the whole life cycle is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and discloses a preparation method of a humic acid biochar saline-alkali soil conditioner. The preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking waste edible fungus chaff as a raw material, activating the waste edible fungus chaff with a KOH solution, pyrolyzing the waste edible fungus chaff under a limited oxygen condition to obtain fungus chaff-based biochar with a porous structure, mixing the fungus chaff-based biochar with humic acid, a sodion replacement material (desulfurized gypsum powder and / or calcium chloride) and purified water according to a certain mass ratio, and drying and fixing at medium temperature to obtain the modifier. According to the modifier, the porous adsorption performance of the biochar, the pH adjustment and agglomeration improvement functions of the humic acid and the sodium ion replacement capacity of the calcium source material are comprehensively exerted, the sodium ion content in the saline-alkali soil is synergistically reduced, and the soil agglomeration structure and the water and fertilizer retention capacity are improved. The prepared modifier is especially suitable for soil treatment of moderate and severe saline-alkali soil in which the ratio of sodium ions to exchangeable cations exceeds 10%, and has agricultural waste resource utilization and ecological restoration values.

The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a charcoal-fungus symbiont for a freeze-thaw environment and a preparation method and application of the charcoal-fungus symbiont. The preparation method of the charcoal-fungus symbiont comprises the following steps: crushing a biomass raw material, and carrying out pyrolysis to prepare basic charcoal; placing the basic biochar in an iron oxide solution, and carrying out an iron oxide loading reaction to obtain iron oxide biochar; the preparation method comprises the following steps: dipping iron oxide biochar in a chitosan solution for coating modification, then continuously adding a cross-linking agent for cross-linking solidification, and freeze-drying to obtain chitosan-iron oxide composite modified biochar; and immersing the chitosan-iron oxide composite modified biochar into a bacterial suspension of functional microorganisms, oscillating and adsorbing, and freeze-drying to obtain the carbon-bacteria symbiont. The invention aims to improve the heavy metal pollution phenomenon of soil and the soybean root rot disaster in the freezing and thawing cycle environment at the same time.

The invention relates to a special fertilizer suitable for saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof. The fertilizer is granular and has a multi-layer structure which is sequentially arranged from inside to outside: a nutrition core layer, a controlled release film layer, a soil improvement fast exchange layer and a microorganism attaching layer. The nutrition core layer contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and medium trace elements, and meets the basic nutrient requirements of crops; the controlled release film layer is self-assembled layer by layer by adopting alginate / chitosan, a humic acid-ferrous complex and a breakable cross-linking point are inserted into the film, and starch is sprayed on the outer layer, so that an ionic strength / alkalinity dual-response controlled release system is formed; the soil improvement quick exchange layer contains microcrystalline gypsum and ferrous sulfate; the microbial epiphytic layer fixes salt-tolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium bacteria and exopolysaccharide-producing bacillus by using a charcoal-zeolite carrier, and the bacteria are distributed on the surfaces of the particles in a dotted manner. The fertilizer realizes organic combination of soil improvement, fertilizer supply and microbial regulation and control, can significantly reduce the soil salinity and alkalinity in a saline-alkali soil environment, and improves the fertilizer utilization rate and the crop growth performance.

The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a biochar-humic acid-calcium alginic acid composite saline-alkali soil modifier and a preparation and application method thereof. The modifier adopts a multi-layer structure design: biochar is pre-adsorbed by calcium chloride, compounded with sodium humate, and then crosslinked with sodium alginate to form a gel to form a composite inner core; secondly, sulfobetaine methacrylate and vinyl phosphonic acid are introduced into a sodium alginate molecular chain through graft polymerization, and modified sodium alginate is obtained to serve as an outer layer coating material; and finally, dipping the composite inner core into the outer layer solution, and carrying out graded recalcification by calcium chloride and short-time treatment by sodium sulfate to obtain a final product. Through the synergistic effect of calcium ion slow release of the inner core and zwitterionic characteristics of the outer layer, efficient replacement and long-term stable regulation and control of soil sodium ions are achieved, the pH value, the conductivity and the alkalization degree of soil are remarkably reduced, the water holding capacity is effectively improved, and the soil conditioner is suitable for sustainable improvement of moderate and severe saline-alkali soil.

The invention provides a porous ceramsite adsorption material prepared from straw biochar and rare earth tailings as well as a preparation method and application of the porous ceramsite adsorption material, and belongs to the technical field of environmental functional adsorption materials. The preparation method of the porous ceramsite adsorption material using the straw biochar and the rare earth tailings comprises the following steps: sequentially performing acid pickling and drying on the straw biochar to obtain acidified biomass charcoal; the rare earth tailings are subjected to ball milling, and tailings fine powder is obtained; mixing the acidified biomass charcoal, the tailing fine powder, the attapulgite and the wood chips to obtain a mixture; adding a binding agent and water into the mixture, and sequentially performing kneading and extrusion molding to obtain a ceramsite precursor; and calcining the ceramsite precursor in a protective atmosphere to obtain the porous ceramsite adsorption material. The technical problems that a traditional adsorption material is low in adsorption capacity, poor in strength and difficult to recycle are solved through ternary compounding of the acidified biomass charcoal, the rare earth tailings and the attapulgite and in combination with wood chip pore-forming, segmented calcination and acid pickling pretreatment.

The invention provides a method suitable for water retention of soil with different textures. In order to better perform size matching between the biochar and soil particles, particle size grading is performed on the biochar according to the size of soil aggregates, and three kinds of biochar with the particle size larger than 2.0 mm, the particle size ranging from 0.25 mm to 2.0 mm and the particle size smaller than 0.25 mm are obtained. The three kinds of biochar with different particle sizes are used in different types of soil respectively, and 5% of biochar with the particle size of 0.25-2.0 mm is selectively applied according to the water retention requirement of the arid area loam farmland; according to the drainage requirements of loam waterlogging areas with more rainfall, 5% of biochar with the particle size larger than 2.0 mm is selectively applied; and 5% of biochar with the particle size smaller than 0.25 mm is selectively applied for water and soil conservation of sandy soil in the arid region. By scientifically regulating and controlling the particle size and the application amount of the biochar, the biochar is matched with the specific properties of the soil, so that the water retention capacity of the soil is improved, and the soil efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a high-valued utilization method of waste biomass, which comprises the following steps: firstly, applying current to the waste biomass containing carbon element to generate Joule heat, and generating a high-temperature environment in an extremely short time, so as to realize rapid carbonization of the biomass; then conductive carbon black or other auxiliaries do not need to be additionally added, current is applied again to generate Joule heat, a higher-temperature environment is generated within an extremely short time, and graphitization transformation of the biochar is achieved. Compared with traditional pyrolysis, hydrothermal, roasting or chemical vapor deposition methods, the flash Joule thermal method has the advantages of being easy and convenient to operate, short in consumed time, low in energy consumption, high in efficiency, high in safety, environmentally friendly and the like, and is suitable for high-value utilization of various biomass resources and green preparation of graphene materials.

The invention discloses a sodium alginate embedded iron-carbon microcapsule material for repairing cadmium and arsenic polluted soil and a preparation method of the sodium alginate embedded iron-carbon microcapsule material, and belongs to the technical field of soil heavy metal pollution repairing materials. The material comprises straw biochar, high-iron steel slag powder, a sulfydryl acetylated chitosan-iron monatomic cluster compound, a boron-doped graphitized carbon coated cobalt ferrite nanosheet, sodium alginate, calcium chloride and sodium carbonate. Wherein the sulfydryl acetylated chitosan is prepared by reacting chitosan with sulfydryl acetic anhydride, dialyzing and drying, and performing solvothermal reaction with ferric nitrate under high pressure. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pyrolyzing and drying the straw biochar, reacting the high-iron steel slag with sulfuric acid, adding the biochar, adjusting the pH value, adding sodium carbonate, mixing to obtain an iron-carbon-based passivation material, mixing with two modified compounds, mixing with a sodium alginate solution, dropwise adding a calcium chloride solution, and stirring and curing. The material can be applied to remediation of cadmium and arsenic polluted soil.

The invention relates to the technical field of building solid waste resource utilization, and discloses a bamboo-based biochar and cement-based waste-based artificial aggregate preparation method, which comprises: using cement-based waste powder as a main raw material, and using ordinary Portland cement and bamboo-based biochar as auxiliary materials, firstly carrying out alkali modification or ultrasonic modification treatment on the bamboo-based biochar, and then carrying out drying to obtain the artificial aggregate based on the bamboo-based biochar and the cement-based waste. The surface property is improved; then mixing the materials, and preparing a regular and uniform aggregate blank by adopting a disc granulation method and accurately controlling the inclination angle and the rotating speed in combination with a reserved dry powder rolling and sticking process; finally, the blank is cured, particularly carbonization curing is adopted, and carbon dioxide and cement hydration products react to generate calcium carbonate to fill internal pores. According to the invention, interface bonding is enhanced through the modified charcoal, the porosity is reduced through carbonization curing, the prepared artificial aggregate has the advantages of high compressive strength and low water absorption, and high-proportion utilization of cement-based wastes is realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of organic solid waste resourceful treatment, in particular to a method for enhancing degradation of biodegradable plastic compost based on white-rot fungi and manganese modified charcoal. According to the method, manganese modified charcoal and white-rot fungi are subjected to synergistic treatment, and the efficient method for intensively degrading the biodegradable plastic through aerobic composting is constructed. The method effectively overcomes the technical bottlenecks of slow degradation starting, long degradation period and easy generation of micro-plastic residues of the biodegradable plastic in traditional compost, and realizes rapid and thorough degradation of the biodegradable plastic. Besides, the method also promotes the conversion of humus precursor substances in the compost material and accelerates and stabilizes the synthesis of humus, so that the decomposition degree of the compost product is remarkably improved, and the quality and environmental safety of the final compost product are synchronously improved while the biodegradable plastic is efficiently degraded. And an efficient and reliable solution is provided for recycling of organic solid wastes and degradation of biodegradable plastic compost.

The invention provides a charcoal-loaded iron-based catalyst suitable for heterogeneous catalysis as well as a preparation method and application of the charcoal-loaded iron-based catalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, activating and modifying tea leaves by adopting a potassium hydroxide solution, and then carrying out heat-preservation pyrolysis in a carbon dioxide atmosphere to obtain tea-leaf-based biochar; uniformly mixing an iron source, a manganese source, a cerium source and a citric acid solution; adding tea-based biochar, uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain a precursor; and heating the precursor to 400-650 DEG C, and carrying out heat preservation and pyrolysis to obtain the biochar-loaded iron-based catalyst. The biochar-loaded iron-based catalyst has excellent degradation and removal effects and cycle stability on xylene.

The invention provides a biochar repairing agent for marine sediments and a preparation method of the biochar repairing agent, and belongs to the technical field of repairing agents. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carbonizing straws, modifying by phosphoric acid and concentrated nitric acid, depositing ferroferric oxide-titanium dioxide, loading UiO-66-(COOH) 2 on the surface, coupling cyclodextrin-MOF and chitosan, crosslinking, performing magnet separation, washing and drying to obtain the biochar repairing agent for the marine sediments. The biochar repairing agent for the marine sediments prepared by the invention has a relatively large specific surface area and a plurality of coordination groups, can better fix heavy metal ions in the marine sediments, also has a photocatalytic degradation effect on organic pollutants, and is good in mechanical strength, easy to store and transport, safe, environment-friendly and easy to separate; wide application prospects are realized.

The invention discloses modified biogas residue-based hydrothermal carbon, a preparation method thereof and a dry digestion method for kitchen waste, and belongs to the technical field of waste organic matter recycling. The preparation method comprises the following steps: soaking biogas residues in a phosphoric acid solution to obtain pretreated biogas residues; mixing the pretreated biogas residues, transition metal salt, biochar loaded with vitamin B12 and water with the mass being 8-15 times that of the pretreated biogas residues, and performing hydrothermal reaction for 1-4 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 180-250 DEG C and the pressure is 1.5-4 MPa to obtain a hydrothermal product; and activating the hydrothermal product for 1-2 hours under the protective atmosphere of 300-400 DEG C to obtain the modified biogas residue-based hydrothermal carbon. The surface Fe-Cu composite oxide sequentially catalyzes and oxidizes H2S into elemental sulfur and sulfate ions, the vitamin B12-loaded biochar can promote MA directional proliferation, the sulfate ions can competitively inhibit SRB substrate uptake, the quantity ratio of MA to SRB is increased, and the methane production efficiency is effectively improved.

The invention provides a remediation method for hexavalent chromium polluted underground water, and relates to the technical field of water treatment. According to the preparation method, rice hulls are adopted as raw materials and treated through an oxygen-limited pyrolysis-ferric salt dipping composite technology, and the rice hull-based iron-rich biochar material is obtained; loading microorganisms with the rice hull-based iron-rich biochar material to obtain an adsorption material; the adsorption material is used for carrying out adsorption treatment on the hexavalent chromium-containing polluted underground water. Aiming at Cr (VI) polluted underground water, a prepared rice husk-based iron-rich biomass material is adopted to load domesticated soil indigenous microorganisms, and the domesticated soil indigenous microorganisms are added into a nearly neutral Cr (VI) polluted soil / underground water reaction system, so that efficient reductive degradation of Cr (VI) is realized, and the influence mechanism of Fe < 3 + > is explored.

The invention provides a processing method and application of seaweed mud-based biochar. The method comprises the following steps: (1) cleaning and deodorizing treatment: adding water into seaweed mud, stirring, precipitating and separating impurities, adding a sodium hydroxide solution, carrying out alkali washing and swelling, removing impurities and fishy smell, and forming a porous structure; (2) adding an iron salt solution for pretreatment to enable the seaweed mud to adsorb iron ions, filtering after adsorption is completed, and performing ball milling on a filtered product to obtain ball-milled seaweed mud particles; (3) pre-oxidizing in an air atmosphere, raising the temperature to 160-180 DEG C, and keeping the temperature for 2-5 hours; and (4) performing pyrolysis under the protection of nitrogen, heating to 900-1300 DEG C, and keeping the temperature for 8-16 hours to obtain the seaweed mud-based biochar. Through the steps of cleaning, alkali washing, ferric salt adsorption, pre-oxidation, pyrolysis and the like, impurities are effectively removed, the structure of the seaweed mud is improved, the mechanical property and conductivity of the seaweed mud are improved, and the seaweed mud can serve as an adsorption material or a fiber additive.

The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant shale inhibitor as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling. Natural polymer polyamino acid and carbon-rich solid matter biochar are used as raw materials to prepare the shale inhibitor, the biochar has the advantages of being high in thermal stability, porous, rich in surface oxygen-containing functional groups and the like, the biochar is combined with polyamino acid, and by means of the chemical effect of the polyamino acid and the physical blocking effect of the biochar, the shale inhibitor is prepared. The shale inhibitor can inhibit shale hydration expansion at high temperature and has good hydration dispersibility, and the prepared shale inhibitor is green and environment-friendly and has excellent high temperature resistance.

The invention discloses a greenhouse tomato water-saving and quality-improving planting method with cooperation of shallow-buried drip irrigation and biochar, and the method comprises the following steps: detecting greenhouse tomato planting soil, and conditioning the soil texture according to a detection result; laying a drip irrigation system on the conditioned soil, and laying a soil monitoring network; based on the established dropper system and the soil detection network, tomato seedlings are planted, and initial moisture management is carried out on the tomato seedlings after planting; after the tomatoes survive after field planting, performing staged irrigation and water and fertilizer integrated management according to the requirements of the tomatoes in different growth stages; performing charcoal rhizosphere activation and function regulation on the tomatoes in the growth period; real-time data of a greenhouse environment and a soil monitoring network are integrated, an intelligent irrigation decision model is established and operated, and a dynamic optimization irrigation scheme is implemented; and carrying out oxidation and ecological improvement on the soil after tomato harvesting. The tomato planting quality can be improved, and the soil health condition can be improved.

The invention discloses an engineering residue soil improvement matrix and application thereof, the engineering residue soil improvement matrix comprises a base layer and a planting layer, the base layer comprises 50-70 wt% of engineering residue soil, 10-15 wt% of humus soil, 6-8 wt% of a fiber material, 3-5 wt% of a slow release fertilizer, 1-2 wt% of sulfur powder, 2-4 wt% of sodium polyacrylate, 3-5 wt% of polyacrylamide, 2-4 wt% of sodium hydroxide, and 3-4 wt% of a straw decomposition agent; the planting layer comprises 25 to 50 wt% of engineering residue soil, 20 to 30 wt% of peat soil, 4 to 6 wt% of compost, 6 to 8 wt% of a fiber material, 3 to 5 wt% of a slow release fertilizer, 1 to 2 wt% of sodium polyacrylate, 1 to 2 wt% of sodium hydroxide, 3 to 4 wt% of straw biochar, 3 to 4 wt% of a straw decomposition agent, 2 to 4 wt% of zeolite, 3 to 5 wt% of desulfurized gypsum, 1 to 2 wt% of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and 1.5 to 3 wt% of plant seeds. On the basis of a thick-layer base material spraying slope protection technology, spray-seeding materials are improved, waste muck is recycled, and land occupation and water and soil pollution caused by traditional muck landfill or stacking are avoided.

The invention relates to the technical field of soil treatment, in particular to an integrated saline grainfield soil improvement and remediation method. According to the method, precise irrigation, concealed pipe drainage, salt-tolerant crop planting and bioremediation technologies are comprehensively applied, and systematic treatment of the salinized soil is achieved. Precise irrigation dynamically regulates and controls the leaching depth and frequency on the basis of real-time soil salinity and moisture data, the underground water level is intelligently controlled in combination with an underground pipe drainage network, salt accumulation is effectively reduced, and water resource waste is avoided; according to the salt-tolerant crop and green manure rotation mode, salt damage is reduced through plant salt absorption and root system nitrogen fixation, soil organic matter accumulation and microbial community reconstruction are promoted through application of a microbial agent and biochar, and a sustainable soil improvement mechanism is formed. The intelligent monitoring system integrates multiple types of sensors, collects key indexes such as salinity, nutrients and pH values in real time, predicts the salinization trend and regulates and controls irrigation, fertilization and drainage equipment in a linkage mode, full-process automatic management is achieved, and the management precision and efficiency are remarkably improved.

The invention discloses artificial soil based on manganese slag, red mud and ardealite. The artificial soil is mainly prepared from a manganese slag-red mud-ardealite mixed matrix and a modifier, the weight ratio of the manganese slag to the red mud to the ardealite in the manganese slag-red mud-ardealite mixed matrix is (0.4-1.6): (0.1-0.5): (0.5-0.9); the modifier comprises calcium oxide, and further comprises rice straw, biochar, zeolite or a combination thereof, and the modifier accounts for 1-15% of the weight of the artificial soil. Accordingly, a corresponding preparation method is also established. According to the method, the three solid wastes are mixed according to the characteristics, so that specific pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, fluorine and Mn < 2 + > can be fixed, the reduction of heavy metals is realized, the nutrients beneficial to plant growth are reserved, the artificial soil with rich nutrients is synchronously reconstructed, the qualitative change from waste residues to resources is realized, the process is simple, and the effect is good. The obtained artificial soil can be used for greening planting, supplementing manganese ore, aluminum ore and phosphorite surrounding soil deficiency areas, and solving the problems of no soil, ploughability and ecological restoration of mining areas.

A method of adsorbing a dye from an aqueous solution including contacting a composition with the aqueous solution. At least a portion of the dye adsorbs to the composition. The composition includes biochar, cellulose nanocrystals, and a layered double hydroxide (LDH). The LDH includes Cu and Fe. Particles of the LDH and the biochar at least partially cover an outer surface of the cellulose nanocrystals.

The invention relates to a composite microbial fertilizer with a saline-alkali soil improvement effect and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of microbial fertilizer preparation, the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by mass: 10-30 parts of modified charcoal, 5-8 parts of a microbial agent, 30-50 parts of an inorganic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of a soil improvement agent and 3-5 parts of other auxiliary agents; wherein the modified biochar is obtained by performing segmented heat treatment modification on animal husbandry wastes; the microbial agent is obtained by immobilizing compound microorganisms by using sodium alginate gel reinforced by a mineral filler and micron-sized charcoal powder. The prepared fertilizer has the effects of improving crop quality and crop yield and improving saline-alkali soil.

The invention discloses a metal sulfide loaded biochar demercuration adsorbent as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out mechanochemical grinding on a biomass raw material and metal sulfate through a high-energy ball mill to obtain a uniform precursor; and then performing one-step pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere, synchronously carbonizing the biomass and reducing the metal sulfate into metal sulfide, and finally preparing the metal sulfide nanoparticle and charcoal matrix strong coupling composite material. The method is simple in process, green and efficient, and avoids the defects of a traditional liquid phase method. The prepared adsorbent is high in active component dispersity, is firmly combined with a carrier, shows high adsorption capacity, high removal efficiency and good anti-interference stability for elemental mercury in flue gas, and has a wide application prospect in the field of mercury pollution control of coal-fired flue gas.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of an iron-manganese modified biochar material for remediation of cadmium and arsenic contaminated soil, and relates to the field of new materials.According to the material, rice hull biochar serves as a carrier, and the specific surface area and surface active sites are increased through programmed intermittent ball milling; and the Fe-O / Mn-O bonding modification complex is formed through gradient loading of iron and manganese oxides. The maximum adsorption capacity of the material to Cd < 2 + > and As (V) reaches 71.54 mg.g <-1 > and 49.30 mg.g <-1 > and is 1.65 / 2.53 times that of original biochar, the content of available Cd and As in soil is reduced by 8.98% and 25.2% under the condition that the addition amount is 0.4%, and the passivation efficiency is improved by 1.05 times (Cd) and 9.08 times (As) compared with that of non-ball-milled iron-manganese modified biochar; the material prepared by the method is applied to cadmium and arsenic polluted soil, pollution can be controlled by waste, and the soil can be effectively repaired.

The invention discloses a biochar-reinforced hydrogel slow-release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fertilizers. Comprising the following steps: S1, preparing sorghum straw biochar; s2, adding the sorghum straw biochar and a potassium nitrate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution into a polymer monomer mixed solution to obtain a biochar gel mixed solution; s3, adding the genipin solution into the biochar gel mixed solution, stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment, freezing and unfreezing to obtain the biochar reinforced hydrogel slow-release fertilizer. Aiming at the technical defects of the hydrogel slow-release fertilizer, the performance of the hydrogel slow-release fertilizer is modified and enhanced by utilizing the biochar, and the biochar-enhanced hydrogel slow-release fertilizer is formed. The preparation method is simple in process and convenient to operate, the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, the cost is low, and the prepared biochar reinforced hydrogel slow-release fertilizer has the advantages of good slow-release performance, high water retention capacity and environmental stability, and is of great significance in popularization and application of the hydrogel slow-release fertilizer.