The invention discloses a method for preparing
sodium alginate /
silicon dioxide core-shell microspheres by a template method, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing
sodium alginate microspheres: preparing
sodium alginate microspheres with different sizes as template cores coated by a
silicon dioxide layer according to the required size by using a
microsphere preparation instrument, and preparing the
sodium alginate microspheres by using a template method; and (2)
coating of a
silicon dioxide shell layer: putting the
sodium alginate microspheres in the step (1) into an
aqueous solution containing tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), and carrying out in-situ
polymerization on the surfaces of the
sodium alginate microspheres through
hydrolysis and self polycondensation of the TEOS to generate the
silicon dioxide layer so as to obtain the sodium alginate /
silicon dioxide core-shell structure microspheres with different sizes. The method does not depend on
ethanol catalysis in the preparation process, so that the
condensation reaction between silicon hydroxyl and hydroxyl in sodium alginate is weakened, a
silicon dioxide coating is formed through the
hydrolysis effect of TEOS in a water phase
system and polycondensation between silicon hydroxyl, the surface of the sodium alginate
microsphere is coated with the silicon dioxide
coating, and the surface of the sodium alginate
microsphere is coated with the silicon dioxide coating. Controllable preparation of sodium alginate / silicon dioxide core-shell microspheres of different sizes can be achieved, and in addition, the influence of the sizes of the core-shell structure microspheres on the adsorption performance of the microspheres is further studied.