1949 results about "Ozone" patented technology

The invention provides a particulate matter and ozone source monitoring method and system based on a distributed sensor, and relates to the technical field of pollution treatment. According to the invention, sensor nodes with geographic perception capability are deployed in a monitoring area in a high-density manner, pollutant concentration and meteorological parameters are collected in real time, and data are uploaded to a cloud platform for preprocessing and dynamic calibration; a machine learning model is constructed based on the combined features of the pollutants and the meteorological factors, a driving relation is mined, and pollutant influence factors are extracted; further performing joint modeling on the influence factors and regional emission source data, identifying the coupling strength between pollutants and emission sources by adopting a classification or clustering method, and judging the categories of main sources; backward trajectory simulation, source fingerprint analysis and multi-source regression decomposition are combined to realize pollution path inversion and source contribution rate quantification; and finally, constructing a geographic information visualization platform, displaying a pollution thermodynamic diagram, a contribution change diagram and an evolution path diagram, and providing support for multi-source pollution traceability and scientific management and control.

The invention relates to the field of pollution source analysis, and discloses a formaldehyde pollution source analysis and ozone influence quantification method and system for coupling a receptor model and a box-type model, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the concentration of formaldehyde and other pollutants in urban atmosphere in real time through online monitoring equipment, and carrying out abnormal value marking and data standardization processing; performing source analysis on the processed data based on a positive definite factor matrix method to generate a pollution source contribution matrix; converting the source contribution matrix into a molecular concentration input file which can be recognized by the box-type model; embedding a free radical circulation mechanism into the box-type model, and executing photochemical simulation under different pollution source scenes; and generating a pollution source contribution heat map based on a simulation result, and outputting management and control suggestions through a deep learning model. The method has the following effects: by coupling the receptor model and the box type model, not only can different pollution sources of formaldehyde be determined, but also the influence of each pollution source on ozone generation through photochemical reaction can be analyzed.

The invention discloses an anti-ultraviolet ozone treatment silver nanowire composite transparent electrode and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, coating a layer of silver nanowires on a transparent substrate, taking the silver nanowires as a cathode, taking a mixed aqueous solution of zinc nitrate and aluminum nitrate as an electrolyte, electrically depositing an aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) protective layer on the silver nanowires, then coating a layer of stannic oxide nanocrystals (SnO2), and finally, carrying out electrodeposition on the transparent substrate. And carrying out heat treatment to obtain the silver nanowire composite transparent electrode subjected to anti-ultraviolet ozone treatment. The oxidation resistance and mechanical stability of the silver nanowire transparent conductive thin film can be remarkably improved, meanwhile, the excellent flexibility, conductivity and light transmission of the silver nanowire transparent conductive thin film are kept, the protection process of the silver nanowire is simplified, and the silver nanowire transparent conductive thin film has potential application in the field of flexible electronics.

The invention relates to the technical field of ozone precursor traceability, in particular to an ozone precursor collaborative traceability method and system based on a knowledge graph, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining precursor concentration change, recognizing an abnormal path, extracting path characteristics, carrying out standardized scoring, adjusting graph connection strength, and analyzing sequence offset to obtain collaborative nodes. And screening origin nodes in combination with time sequence meteorology to generate an origin node list. According to the method, pollution response channels are identified through precursor node concentration changes and path connection relations, focusing of key paths is enhanced, paths are scored based on multi-dimensional indexes, connection attributes are dynamically adjusted in combination with monitoring period ozone response intensity, map structure updating is achieved, and concentration response sequence offset is analyzed; according to the method, nodes with co-evolution characteristics are screened, the stable relation identification capability is improved, the path reasonability is evaluated by combining a release time sequence and meteorological conditions, the initial source positioning accuracy is improved, and the response speed and the identification precision of precursor tracing are integrally enhanced.

The invention discloses equipment and method for preparing double-electrolyzed water based on O3 and H2O2 in parallel, and relates to the technical field of disinfectant fluid preparation, the equipment comprises a lower shell and an upper shell, a self-priming pump, an ozone generation device, a hydrogen peroxide generation device and an ultraviolet device are installed in the lower shell, and the ozone generation device and the hydrogen peroxide generation device are arranged in parallel; a water inlet of the self-priming pump is connected with a first quick connector extending out of the side wall of the lower shell, and an outlet end of the ultraviolet device is connected with a second quick connector extending out of the side wall of the lower shell. The ozone generation device and the hydrogen peroxide generation device are connected in parallel, an aqueous solution containing ozone and hydrogen peroxide at the same time is obtained by controlling the proportion of ozone and hydrogen peroxide, photolysis of ozone and hydrogen peroxide is promoted by utilizing the synergistic effect of ozone and hydrogen peroxide and introducing an ultraviolet light source, and therefore more hydroxyl radicals are generated; and compared with an ozone solution, the sterilization effect of the disinfectant fluid is better.

The invention discloses an anti-aging water-stop belt and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of water-stop belts. The invention relates to an anti-aging water-stop belt which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of chloroprene rubber, 10-20 parts of natural rubber, 10-20 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 15-30 parts of carbon black, 5-15 parts of white carbon black, 5-15 parts of a plasticizer, 0.5-2 parts of sulfur, 0.5-1.5 parts of an accelerant, 1-2 parts of an anti-aging ultraviolet light absorber, 5-15 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 1-3 parts of stearic acid and 3-8 parts of zinc oxide. The obtained water-stop belt has excellent ultraviolet aging resistance, ozone resistance and chemical corrosion resistance while keeping high elasticity, the mechanical stability of the water-stop belt is remarkably improved compared with that of a traditional product, the water-stop belt is suitable for joint sealing in harsh environments such as bridges, tunnels and water conservancy projects, and the waterproof service life of engineering structures can be effectively prolonged.

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical supplies, in particular to a disinfection device for a clean operating room, which not only improves the disinfection efficiency by utilizing the cooperation of ultraviolet rays and ozone, but also improves the humidity of the operating room and ensures that the ozone is completely decomposed into oxygen and does not generate gases harmful to human bodies. The disinfection effect of ozone is ensured; comprising a trolley, and a compartment is arranged in the trolley; the system further comprises an ozone diffusion mechanism, a water storage mechanism, a humidification mechanism, an ultraviolet sterilization mechanism and a recovery mechanism, the ozone diffusion mechanism is installed on the trolley and releases ozone into the operating room, the water storage mechanism is installed on the trolley and stores clean water, and the humidification mechanism is installed on the water storage mechanism and atomizes and sprays the clean water into the operating room. The ultraviolet sterilization mechanism is installed on the humidification mechanism and disinfects the operating room through an ultraviolet lamp, and the recovery mechanism is installed on the ozone diffusion mechanism and accelerates diffusion of ozone and steam.

The invention provides a system and a method for treating coexisting new pollutants in drinking water, and the system and the method are characterized in that firstly, ozone microbubble water with small volume and large specific surface area and magnetized superfine activated carbon are used for carrying out oxidation treatment on the coexisting new pollutants and adsorbing pollutants with small molecular weight and relatively high activity; the purpose of removing part of new pollutants is achieved; then, under the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp tube, the reducing agent catalyzes sulfite to generate reducing free radicals such as hydration electrons [eaq-],. H and SO3., and under the substitution action of iodide ions, reductive dehalogenation and iodine substitution reaction of the halogenated organic matter difficult to degrade are achieved, and reduction removal of new pollutants difficult to degrade is achieved. The system is simple and compact in structure, is a treatment device integrating filtration, oxidation, adsorption and reduction, reduces the occupied area, can realize effective removal of coexisting new pollutants with different molecular characteristics and different reaction activities through multiple actions of physical interception, oxidation, adsorption, reduction and the like, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention discloses an energy-saving sterilization device for mineral water production in the technical field of mineral water production, and the energy-saving sterilization device comprises a purifying box and a filtering box, a two-stage filtering assembly is arranged in the filtering box, a two-stage sterilization mechanism is arranged in the purifying box, and the two-stage sterilization mechanism comprises a fixing table, an ultraviolet assembly, an ozone conveying assembly and a plurality of mixing grooves and mixing assemblies. Continuous treatment of mineral water is achieved through the two-stage filtering assemblies and the two-stage sterilization treatment mechanism, the sealing assembly intermittently rotates through the driving assembly, the multiple mixing assemblies are driven to move, intermittent water feeding and discharging and mixing treatment of the mixing tank are achieved, and the mixing efficiency is improved. Mineral water and ozone can be fully mixed; the mineral water subjected to ozone sterilization is subjected to secondary sterilization treatment through an ultraviolet assembly, and decomposition of residual ozone in the mineral water is accelerated through ultraviolet rays; a plurality of mixing tanks are arranged, so that water feeding, ozone sterilization and water discharging can be carried out simultaneously, and the treatment efficiency is improved.

The invention provides an atmospheric fine particulate matter and ozone optimization control method, and relates to the technical field of environmental control, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the mass concentration of PM2.5 and O3 of a target city, an emission reduction policy and precursor emission data of each pollution source; dividing the target city into a VOCs control area and a VOCs and NOx cooperative control area according to the ozone sensitivity; based on an EKMA curve, obtaining an optimal emission reduction proportion of a precursor of each control region; calculating the control potential of different pollution sources VOCs and NOx of the target city, and establishing an O3 concentration optimization control constraint equation set; calculating PM2.5 sensitivities of different areas of the target city to the receptor points, dividing the target city into a plurality of grade sensitive areas, and establishing a PM2.5 optimization control constraint equation set; and solving the equation set to obtain an O3 and PM2.5 optimization emission reduction scheme. According to the invention, a refined PM2.5 and O3 pollution emission reduction scheme is provided from the city scale.

Methods, systems and devices for PFAS destruction including oxidatively pretreating an aqueous foam fractionate solution including PFAS to form a pretreated solution by mixing the aqueous foam fractionate solution with a persulfate and an acid or a base to increase or decrease the pH and oxidizing the aqueous foam fractionate solution and then subjecting the pretreated solution to UV photolysis, such as by directing UV light onto the pretreated aqueous foam fractionate solution at 222 nm, 254 nm and / or 185 nm. Oxidizing the foam fraction may include subjecting the aqueous foam fractionate solution to an increased temperature and pressure for a period of time sufficient for thermal oxidation or subjecting the aqueous foam fractionate solution to ozone oxidation.

To provide a method and a device for producing a hydrocarbon that use microbubbles capable of more efficiently reducing carbon dioxide to synthesize the hydrocarbon. Provided is a method for producing a hydrocarbon by dissolving carbon dioxide as microbubbles and dissolving a gas that generates active oxygen as microbubbles in water, generating active oxygen by irradiating the water containing microbubbles of the gas that generates active oxygen with ultraviolet rays in the presence of a photocatalyst, and bringing the microbubbles of the carbon dioxide into contact in the presence of the active oxygen to reduce the carbon dioxide. The microbubbles of the gas that generates active oxygen are dissolved in the water at 10 to the power of 8 / mL or more, the microbubbles of carbon dioxide are dissolved in the water at 10 to the power of 8 / mL or more, and the gas that generates active oxygen contains ozone.

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, in particular to an aerobic granular sludge sewage treatment process which comprises the following steps: S1, performing ultrasonic treatment on raw sewage; s2, preliminarily screening the sewage subjected to ultrasonic treatment; s3, adjusting the pH value of the screened sewage, and adding nutrient substances; s4, injecting the adjusted sewage into a biological reaction zone containing pre-cultured aerobic granular sludge, and carrying out intermittent aeration operation; s5, regularly performing microwave treatment in the biological reaction process; s6, carrying out chemical precipitation on the sewage subjected to biological treatment; s7, performing microfiltration on the sewage subjected to biological treatment and chemical treatment; s8, performing ozone and ultraviolet light treatment on the water subjected to microfiltration; s9, carrying out tail end disinfection on the treated water; according to the invention, the formation and stabilization of aerobic granular sludge are effectively promoted, the removal efficiency of pollutants such as organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage is improved, and the effluent quality is ensured to reach the standard.

An ozone generating cell includes a corona discharge chamber with a curved side wall. The cell includes a high-voltage electrode, a ground electrode, and a dielectric material positioned between the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode. The cell includes a gas channel formed between the dielectric material and the ground electrode. The channel has a first end in fluid communication with a gas opening in the dielectric material, which is in fluid communication with a gas port. The channel has a second end in fluid communication with another gas port. The channel further includes multiple concentric segments between the first and second ends of the channel.

The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and relates to efficient catalytic ozonation equipment which comprises a water treatment tank and an ozone generation mechanism, one end of the water treatment tank is provided with a water inlet pipe orifice, the other end of the water treatment tank is provided with a water outlet pipe orifice, and a sewage pipeline is connected from the water inlet pipe orifice and flows through the water treatment tank for treatment. The multiple independent aeration chambers are formed in the water treatment tank through the upper partition plates and the lower partition plates, the sewage flow channels are formed through the upper partition plates and the lower partition plates, catalytic ozonation treatment of the multiple aeration chambers is conducted at a time when sewage is discharged, and the vacuum pump is installed at the top of each aeration chamber to recover ozone waste gas escaping from the sewage; and the gas suction pipe and the exhaust pipe are used for secondary conveying, so that the problem of waste caused by saturation of ozone is solved, the utilization rate of ozone is increased, raw material resources are saved, the economic cost of tail gas treatment is reduced, and the effect of efficient catalytic oxidation is achieved.

The invention relates to the field of air conditioning and purification, in particular to a low-radiation plasma air purification generator and a control system thereof.According to the low-radiation plasma air purification generator and the control system thereof, through the structural design that the intensity of a three-level gradient electric field is gradually enhanced in the gas flowing direction, and in combination with an extended contact path of an S-shaped purification air duct, the air purification efficiency is improved; the reaction time and action intensity of plasma and pollutants are effectively improved, operation information is collected in real time, quantitative analysis is carried out, and operation of the air purification generator is subjected to standardized control, so that operation of the air purification generator can be automatically adjusted; the operation effect of the air purification generator is improved, ionizing radiation and ozone generation are restrained, and the air purification generator is prevented from damaging surrounding electronic equipment and the body health of people.

The invention is suitable for the technical field of pollutant monitoring, and provides an ozone generation rate monitoring system and method, the system comprises a zero gas generation module, a gas distribution module, a multi-mode combination switching valve, a free radical generation source, a chemical amplification cavity and a detection module; the gas distribution module is used for inputting standard reactant gas with different components and sample gas sample; the input end of the multi-mode combined switching valve is connected with the zero gas generation module and the gas distribution module; a first output end of the multi-mode combined switching valve is connected with a gas inlet of the free radical generation source, a second output end is connected with a gas inlet of the chemical amplification cavity, and a third output end is connected with a gas outlet of the chemical amplification cavity; an exhaust port of the free radical generation source is connected with an air inlet of the chemical amplification cavity; and the exhaust port of the chemical amplification cavity is also connected with the detection module. According to the method, the ozone photochemical generation rate is directly obtained by accurately measuring data such as the total peroxy free radical concentration, the detection precision is higher, and the speed is higher.

The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, and discloses a water treatment recycling system which comprises a pretreatment unit, a membrane treatment unit, a deep treatment unit and a recycling unit. The pretreatment unit is used for removing large-particle impurities through a grating, a grit chamber and a coagulative precipitation tank; the membrane treatment unit comprises an ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis membrane assembly and a matched membrane cleaning system; the advanced treatment unit purifies water by means of ozone-ultraviolet combined oxidation and mixed ion exchange resin; and the recycling unit is provided with a monitoring and flow control device. In addition, the system is provided with an intelligent control system, real-time monitoring can be achieved, parameters can be automatically adjusted according to the water quality, and efficient and stable water treatment and recycling are achieved. The system has the advantages that the structure and function of each treatment unit are optimized, the water treatment efficiency and quality are improved, the operation cost is reduced, efficient recycling of water resources is realized, and meanwhile, the problems of membrane pollution and difficulty in removal of refractory organic matters in the prior art are solved.

The invention discloses an ozone simulation method and device based on multi-source data assimilation, a terminal and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring spatial and temporal distribution data of ozone column content of a geostationary orbit satellite; according to the spatial and temporal distribution data, ozone column content data of the geostationary orbit satellite are obtained through inversion, and the ozone column content data comprise ozone column content distribution conditions, observation values, inversion errors, priori values and an average kernel function matrix; inputting ground monitoring data, low-orbit satellite data and the ozone column content data into a preset multi-source data assimilation system for data assimilation to obtain multi-source assimilation data, and performing ozone simulation according to the multi-source assimilation data. The invention develops a multi-source data assimilation system for data of ground monitoring, low-orbit satellites and geostationary orbit satellites, and ozone observation data of the geostationary orbit satellites are taken as one of reference factors of ozone simulation, so that the accuracy of ozone simulation is improved.

Disclosed herein is a drone docking station for deposit of items / goods delivered by a drone to a secured receptacle. Items are delivered to a receptacle at a curb, mailbox, post, porch, mobile units, and windows for a multi-parcel receptacle with a set of drawers with hot and cold sections in the station that has a specific residential / commercial address with various optional features. Features include communication systems between the station and drone; security; hot and cold temperature control and preservation of the goods before and after delivery; battery charging and exchange station; a collector to identify explosive materials, anthrax, etc.; ultraviolet system to eradicate disease, virus and harmful materials; an ozone applicator to eradicate disease, virus and harmful materials; weather monitoring; tag and track of vehicles and packages; facial recognition camera and software for pets and humans; and local two-way speakers; LED lights that strobe flash, and a flood light.

The invention discloses a high-precision cold stamping printing one-piece flow process. The process comprises the following steps that S1, surface cleaning is conducted on a printing stock; s2, the surface of the printing stock is coated with UV glue in an ink-jet printing mode; s3, after coating is completed, low-energy UV is adopted for pre-curing, and the energy density is lt; the thickness is 50mJ / cm, and forming a semi-cured adhesive layer; s4, the cold stamping film is attached to the UV glue through an air cushion type pressing roller, then UV full curing is conducted, the cold stamping film is peeled off after curing, and the pattern is reserved on the printing stock; s5, performing color ink overprinting on the hot-stamped pattern to obtain a printed product; and S6, on-line detection and slitting are conducted on the printed matter. According to the high-precision cold-stamping printing one-piece flow process, the whole process is completed in an on-line mode, step-by-step operation is not needed, the production efficiency can be remarkably improved, micron-order pattern control can be achieved through ink-jet coating glue, complex patterns are supported, the glue utilization rate is higher, cold-stamping films are only locally transferred, the waste film rate is reduced, ozone is not generated through LED-UV curing, and the production cost is reduced. And the device is more environment-friendly and lower in energy consumption.

The invention discloses a method for modifying hexagonal boron nitride by ozone. The method comprises the following steps: performing low-temperature heat treatment on hexagonal boron nitride, mixing with water to prepare slurry, introducing ozone for oxidation treatment, and finally modifying by using a surface modifier to obtain the modified hexagonal boron nitride. The modification method disclosed by the invention is simple, after modification, the flowability and binding property of the hexagonal boron nitride in a system are improved, and the requirements on the flowability and binding property of the hexagonal boron nitride in practical application are met.

The ozone membrane and ozone ultraviolet combined catalytic oxidation device comprises a base, the two sides of the upper portion of the base are connected with the two sides of the lower portion of a lower shell in a fastened mode through matching of fastening bolts and nuts, and the upper portion of the lower shell is integrally connected with an upper shell. The two sides of the upper portion of the upper shell are in fastened connection with the two sides of the end cover through cooperation of fastening bolts and nuts, a center pipe is longitudinally arranged in the center of the interior of the lower shell and the upper shell after the lower shell and the upper shell are integrally connected, a PTFE hollow fiber membrane is arranged on the outer portion of the center pipe in the circumferential direction, and casting areas are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the PTFE hollow fiber membrane correspondingly. An ozone channel is arranged between every two adjacent PTFE hollow fiber membranes, a membrane oxidation gas-water mixing outlet is formed in the corresponding position of the central pipe below the PTFE hollow fiber membranes, an ultraviolet generator is arranged above the central position in the central pipe, and the top end of the ultraviolet generator penetrates through an end cover and is fixed on the end cover through a fastening bolt; and the top of the ultraviolet generator is connected with an ultraviolet generator power supply.

The utility model discloses a plasma generator applied to a greenhouse, which is characterized in that the front end of a shell B is coaxially connected with a shell A, the rear end of the shell B is eccentrically connected with a shell C, a fan motor is arranged in the shell A, a rotating shaft of the fan motor is connected with fan blades, and an ozone generator body and an ultraviolet germicidal lamp body are arranged in the shell C; an ozone air supply fan is installed at the rear end of the shell C. The rear end face of the shell C is a nano-silver ion net-shaped end face. The plasma generator has the functions of quickly purifying organic pollutants and peculiar smell gas in the air of the greenhouse and purifying the working air quality; structures of bacteria, fungi and diseases can be destroyed, the dip dyeing activity of the bacteria, fungi and diseases is reduced, and synthesis of fungaltoxin is destroyed; meanwhile, the antioxidant reaction of the root tips of the crops is induced, the metabolic process in the crops is promoted, the growth metabolism of the crops is more vigorous, the content and activity of enzyme antioxidants and non-enzyme antioxidants in the crops can be stimulated to be increased, and the stress resistance and pesticide residues of the crops are improved.

The utility model discloses a food additive sterilization processing machine, which relates to the technical field of food processing and comprises a support frame, the top of the support frame is fixedly connected with a sterilization bin mechanism, the top of the sterilization bin mechanism is fixedly connected with a turning mechanism, and the top of the support frame is fixedly connected with an ozone sterilization mechanism. Through the arrangement of the ozone sterilization mechanism, when a food additive is sterilized, bacteria in the food additive are killed under the action of strong oxidation of ozone, so that the food additive is prevented from being melted due to conventional high-temperature sterilization, and the food additive is more convenient to use; the food additives at the bottom of the inner cavity of the bin body are continuously conveyed upwards, the food additives falling along the material falling disc are scattered under the action of the stirring rod and the scattering rod, the food additives are turned over more evenly, sterilization is more comprehensive, meanwhile, the ultraviolet sterilization lamp is arranged, auxiliary sterilization can be conducted on the food additives, and the sterilization effect is further improved.

The invention discloses a method for improving the stability of perovskite nanoparticles. The method comprises the following steps: (1) synthesizing perovskite nanoparticles coated with surface ligands by using a solution method; (2) dispersing the synthesized perovskite nanoparticles into a solid matrix; and (3) carrying out post-treatment on the dispersed perovskite nanoparticle surface ligands, wherein the post-treatment mode is ultraviolet combined ozone treatment or plasma treatment. According to the method disclosed by the invention, ultraviolet combined ozone treatment or plasma treatment is adopted, so that unsaturated C = C in ligands is cross-linked, and the moving ability of the mutually cross-linked ligands is limited, so that the ligands are difficult to move under the conditions of illumination, heating and the like, thereby effectively preventing aggregation growth among nano-particles and improving the photo-thermal stability of the nano-particles. The method is easy to operate, suitable for large-scale industrial production and beneficial to commercialized application.

Methods for manufacturing curved electrochromic devices by depositing solution-based material directly onto curved surfaces are disclosed. The curved electrochromic device is prepared by spray-coating the first curved electrically conductive substrate with a solution of one or more (cathodic) inorganic or organometallic precursors, and then exposing the coated substrate to near-infrared radiation, UV radiation, or ozone to convert the one or more (cathodic) inorganic or organometallic precursors to (cathodic) electrochromic layers. The second, complimentary electrically conductive curved substrate is coated with a second (anodic) electrochromic layer. An electrolyte layer is incorporated between said first electrochromic layer and said second electrochromic layer, the substrates are sealed together, to form a curved electrochromic device. This method Is especially useful for curved electrochromic devices employing bent tempered glass or heat strengthened glass.

The utility model discloses a miniature ozone electrode module structure, relates to the technical field of miniature ozone generation, and is used for solving the problems of complex structure, large volume and low ozone generation efficiency of an ozone generator at the present stage. According to the utility model, the polar plates directly act in an aqueous solution through the ozone electrode module with a direct insertion shell structure, generated ozone does not directly act in the shell, the overall service life is prolonged, and meanwhile, a two-cathode and one-anode clamping type polar plate structure is adopted, so that the distance between the polar plates is controlled, and bubbles generated between the polar plates are effectively separated; meanwhile, the reaction spacing can be reduced as much as possible, the ohmic resistance of the reaction is reduced, reactants can be provided for the electrode reaction in time, the electrolytic mass transfer efficiency is also improved, the electric field distribution around the anode is more uniform, and meanwhile, the equipment is miniaturized and integrated, so that the production efficiency is improved. The method is suitable for application scenes with high requirements for space and cost.

The invention provides a preparation method of a perovskite solar cell, and belongs to the field of perovskite solar cells, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, pretreating a transparent conductive substrate; s2, spin-coating the surface of the transparent conductive substrate with a nanoparticle dispersion liquid, and carrying out annealing treatment to obtain a flattened transparent conductive substrate; soaking the leveled transparent conductive substrate in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the concentration of 1-3%, washing and drying, and then carrying out ultraviolet ozone treatment to obtain a hydroxyl modified leveled transparent conductive substrate; s3, spin-coating a hole transport layer on the surface of the hydroxyl modified and flattened transparent conductive substrate; s4, spin-coating a perovskite light absorption layer on the surface of the hole transport layer; s5, spin-coating an electron transport layer on the surface of the perovskite light absorption layer; and S6, evaporating an electrode layer on the surface of the electron transport layer. According to the invention, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell is significantly improved through leveling and hydroxylation treatment of the substrate.

The invention relates to a method for removing carbon impurities in granular polycrystalline silicon. The carbon impurities in the granular polycrystalline silicon are removed by adopting the synergistic effect of high-temperature pyrolysis and ozone oxidation. The method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, generating cracks in granular polycrystalline silicon in a vacuum or inert atmosphere through microwave radiation heating, and exposing internal carbon impurities; then, ozone gas reacts with carbon impurities in the cracks, and the carbon impurities are removed. According to the method, through the synergistic effect of microwave heating and ozone oxidation, the content of carbon impurities in the granular polycrystalline silicon is effectively reduced from about 0.4 ppma to 0.1 ppma or below. Compared with the prior art, not only can the purity of the granular polycrystalline silicon be improved, but also the silicon particles can be prevented from being oxidized in the heating process, and the subsequent application performance of the granular polycrystalline silicon is ensured. The method has the advantages of high efficiency, economy and environmental protection, can promote large-scale application of the granular silicon, especially application in monocrystalline silicon production, and has important technical and economic values.