1140results about How to "Reduce decrease" patented technology

The ability of an ultrasonic system to sweep and lock onto a resonance frequency of a blade subjected to a heavy load at startup is improved by applying a high drive voltage or a high drive current while systematically increasing the level of the applied signal. Increasing the drive signal to the hand piece results in an improved and more pronounced “impedance spectrum.” That is, under load, the increased drive signal causes the maximum phase margin to become higher and the minimum/maximum impedance magnitude to become more pronounced. Increasing the excitation drive signal to the hand piece/blade at startup significantly alleviates the limiting factors associated with ultrasonic generators, which results in an increase of the maximum load capability at startup.

A method and network architecture for implementing an energy efficient network. The network includes a plurality of nodes that collect and transmit data that are ultimately routed to a base station. The network nodes form a set of clusters with a single node acting as a cluster-head. The cluster-head advertises for nodes to join its cluster, schedules the collection of data within a cluster, and then transmits the data to the base station. A cluster can intelligently combine data from individual nodes. After a period of operation, the clusters are reformed with a different set of nodes acting as cluster-heads. The network provides an increased system lifetime by balancing the energy use of individual nodes.

An antenna system that includes a directional antenna designed to reduce the occurrence of side lobes, thus reducing the possibility of interference with other radio frequencies is disclosed. The directional antenna includes an antenna member and a reflecting tube. The reflective tube is sleeved over the antenna member. The reflective serves to block unwanted radial side lobes. The directional antenna can also include provisions that assist in suspending the antenna member within the reflective tube.

A computer-implemented method for secure authentication of a user to a service for executing a transaction, the method being implemented in a system including a user device including a FIDO-client, a FIDO-server of a relying party providing the service, a behaviometric server and a web server associated with the relying party, the method including a preparation stage and an authentication stage. In the preparation stage a TLS-connection is established between the user device and the web-server, behavioral input data is collected from user device, and a transaction initiation message is transmitted to the behaviometric server. In the authentication stage, behaviometric data received in the transaction initiation message is compared to a second set of behaviometric data to determine whether the data matches, and if the data matches, the transaction is authenticated by the FIDO server.

In a network device such as a network switch having a port coupled to a communications medium dedicated to a single virtual local area network and another port coupled to a communications medium shared among multiple virtual local area networks for transmitting data frames between the dedicated communications medium and the shared communications medium, a method of identifying the virtual network associated with each data frame received by the network switch when transmitting the data frames over the shared communications medium. The method comprises receiving data frames from the dedicated communications medium coupled to one port, and, with respect to each data frame so received, inserting a new type field and a virtual network identifier field. The contents of the new type field indicate the data frame comprises a virtual network identifier field. The method further includes placing a value in the virtual network identifier field identifying the virtual network associated with the data frame and transmitting the data frame over the shared communications medium. Upon receipt of the data frames from over the shared communications medium, another network device can discern from the virtual network identifier field in each data frame the virtual network from which the data frames were received and determine whether to forward the data frames accordingly.

The invention relates to a device for producing products having individual geometries, comprising a substrate carrier device, a material application device for applying material, preferably above the substrate carrier device, which material application device can be moved relative to the substrate carrier device, and a control device which is coupled to the material application device for signaling. According to the invention, the material application device is coupled to an input interface for signaling and for selection of a first or a second application mode, the control device and the application device being designed such as to produce, in the first application mode, a three-dimensional product on the surface of a substrate plate by way of an additive production method, said substrate plate being connected to the substrate carrier device. According to the additive production method, a curable material is applied in consecutive layers, one or more predetermined regions are selectively cured after or during each application of a layer, the predetermined regions being bonded to one or more regions of the underlying layer. The predetermined region(s) is/are predetermined by a cross-section geometry of the product in the respective layer and is/are stored in the control device, and the curable material is applied in a plurality of consecutive layers to produce the three-dimensional product. The control device and the application device are further designed such that in the second mode of application one or more colors are applied to predetermined regions of a print substrate material connected to the substrate carrier device to produce a monochrome or polychrome print.

Each detection column wiring is constituted by a set of a first metal wiring having a zigzag pattern and a second metal wiring having a structure axisymmetric with the first metal wiring about a column direction as an axis, wherein the first metal wiring is constituted by first sloped portions which are obliquely sloped by an inclination angle of 45 degrees with respect to the column direction, and first parallel portions which are parallel with the column direction and are continuous with the first sloped portions, such that the first sloped portions and the first parallel portions are repeatedly placed in a zigzag shape along the column direction. Each detection row wiring also has the same structure. A sloped portion out of the first sloped portions of the first metal wiring is always orthogonally and spatially intersected, at its middle point, with a sloped portion out of the second sloped portions of the third metal wiring at its middle point. There is also the same orthogonal relationship among the other portions.

The present invention is a bifurcated modular graft for repairing body lumens. In one embodiment, the graft includes two elements, each element being fabricated from material which is flexible. The first element embodies a tubular docking section which bifurcates into left and right tubular limbs. The first element is adapted to be inserted into vasculature of a patient so that the device spans and is supported by a point of bifurcation. The second element is made from a single tubular segment and is adapted to engage the docking section of the first element. The first and second elements are sealed to each other and within the vasculature by expanding support structures.

Settlement systems and methods are provided wherein a buyer takes possession of a product at a retailer. In one embodiment, a purchasing system arranges through a communication network for a buyer to purchase a product from a seller at a first price. The purchasing system also arranges for the buyer to take possession of the product at a retailer that offers the product for sale at a second price. Payment of an amount based on the first price is received from the buyer, and the purchasing system arranges for the retailer to receive payment of an amount based on a settlement price in exchange for providing the product to the buyer.

The present invention provides methods and compositions related to modulating the resistance of a cell against a target nucleic acid or a transcription product thereof. In some preferred embodiments, the present invention provides compositions and methods for the use of one or more cas genes or proteins for modulating the resistance of a cell against a target nucleic acid or a transcription product thereof. In some embodiments, the present invention provides methods and compositions that find use in the development and use of strain combinations and starter culture rotations. In additional embodiments, the present invention provides methods for labelling and/or identifying bacteria. In some preferred embodiments, the present invention provides methods for the use of CRISPR loci to determine the potential virulence of a phage against a cell and the use of CRISPR-cas to modulate the genetic sequence of a phage for increased virulence level. In still further embodiments, the present invention provides means and compositions for the development and use of phages as biocontrol agents.

An efficient, low-loss, low sidelobe, high dynamic range phased-array radar antenna system is disclosed that uses metamaterials, which are manmade composite materials having a negative index of refraction, to create a biconcave lens architecture (instead of the aforementioned biconvex lens) for focusing the microwaves transmitted by the antenna. Accordingly, the sidelobes of the antenna are reduced. Attenuation across microstrip transmission lines may be reduced by using low loss transmission lines that are suspended above a ground plane a predetermined distance in a way such they are not in contact with a solid substrate. By suspending the microstrip transmission lines in this manner, dielectric signal loss is reduced significantly, thus resulting in a less-attenuated signal at its destination.

A magnetic write head provides a significant write field and minimal adjacent track erasure, and lends itself to improved manufacturability. The write head includes a pedestal throat height that defines a bottom pole, P1, and that is substantially recessed from the air bearing surface. The write head further includes a top pole, P2, that defines a nose that is closer to the air bearing surface than the pedestal zero throat. This design achieves a relatively high ratio of the off-track to on-track field. As an example, a 1:4 ratio could be achieved to significantly mitigate the erasure problem of the adjacent tracks resulting from magnetic flux saturation.

An antenna module is provided. The antenna module includes a radiator, a feed conductor, a ground element, a ground conductor and a short conductor. The feed conductor is connected to the radiator. The ground conductor connects the radiator to the ground element. The short conductor connects the feed conductor to the ground conductor.

Footwear providing enhanced protection against extreme landing impacts includes a sole having an elastomeric mid-sole with elastomeric pads combined in a heel recess thereof such that the pads act in series with each other and in parallel with the mid-sole during conjoint compression thereof. At least one of the pads includes a solid gel having a relatively high damping coefficient. In another embodiment, the heel of the mid-sole is replaced by a toroidal gas cushion and an elastomeric pad including a solid gel having a relatively high damping coefficient disposed in a central recess of the cushion such that the pad is recessed a selected distance below the upper surface of the cushion. The resilient pads may advantageously incorporate a plurality of gas-filled cells, and a solid gel pad may also be disposed in the mid-sole of the footwear below the ball of the wearer's foot for increased protection.

A method for determining an unknown starting quantity of a target nucleic acid sequence in a test sample comprises amplifying the unknown starting quantity of the target nucleic acid sequence in the test sample and known starting quantities of a calibration nucleic acid sequence in respective calibration samples; and determining a respective threshold value for each of the nucleic acid sequences using a derivative of a growth curve derived for the sequence. The starting quantity of the target nucleic acid sequence in the test sample is determined using the threshold value determined for the target sequence and a calibration curve derived from the threshold values determined for the known starting quantities of the calibration nucleic acid sequences.

Devices and methods of treatment of tissue, such as skin tissue and subcutaneous tissue, with thermal control elements are disclosed. Some disclosed devices and methods employ local deformation of tissue in small areas. Devices and methods employing local deformation are used to produce fractional thermal treatments. Some devices and methods are external to a subject's skin others are beneath the subject's skin in the subcutaneous tissue.

The present invention relates to methods and systems for conducting three-dimensional image analysis and diagnosis and possible treatment relating thereto. The invention includes methods of handling signals containing information (data) relating to three-dimensional representation of objects scanned by a scanning medium. The invention also includes methods of making and analyzing volumetric measurements and changes in volumetric measurements which can be used for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment.

A semiconductor structure includes a semiconductor substrate; and a first Fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) and a second FinFET at a surface of the semiconductor substrate. The first FinFET includes a first fin; and a first gate electrode over a top surface and sidewalls of the first fin. The second FinFET includes a second fin spaced apart from the first fin by a fin space; and a second gate electrode over a top surface and sidewalls of the second fin. The second gate electrode is electrically disconnected from the first gate electrode. The first and the second gate electrodes have a gate height greater than about one half of the fin space.

A portable electronic device includes a data input/output (I/O) circuit for communicating data to/from the electronic device, first logic operative to control the data I/O circuit in accordance with a first data transfer standard, wherein the first data transfer standard defines a first connector pin out, and second logic different from the first logic and operative to control the data I/O circuit in accordance with a second data transfer standard, wherein the second data transfer defines a second connector pin out different from the first connector pin out. The device also includes switching logic operative to selectively couple the first logic or the second logic to the data I/O circuit so as to enable operation of the data I/O circuit in accordance with the first data transfer standard or the second data transfer standard.

The present invention relates to a method for efficient routing in a multiple hop wireless communication network. The invention is characterized in that data packets are routed over transmission paths using the following steps providing link status information by acquiring link status quality between nodes in the network, updating a routing element (101) with said link status information, determining possible routes with essentially similar link quality status for said data packet, and routing said data packet via the determined routes.

An adjustably opaque window including an external pane, an internal pane, a light transmission control layer and a shock-absorbing layer is provided. The external pane and the internal pane provide a cavity between them, and the light transmission control layer and the shock-absorbing layer are positioned in the cavity. The shock-absorbing layer is a flexible sheet that supports and protects the light transmission control layer. The light transmission layer consists of liquid crystal cells. The transmission ratio of the cells can be controlled variably.

A method and apparatus for locating integrated circuit defects associated with different aspects of the integrated circuit industry. The integrated circuit is configured in a known failing mode, with a first power supply providing a constant voltage and variable current. Next, one or more additional dedicated power supplies are connected to various points of interest throughout the integrated circuit, wherein these dedicated power supplies have a preset current and the voltage is allowed to vary. The integrated circuit is then scanned with a laser beam, which induces current changes on in the integrated circuit especially in defective areas. These current changes then cause voltage changes on the dedicated power supplies. When such a voltage change occurs on the dedicated power supplies, its position is noted.

A system and method for preventing a count-to-infinity problem in a network using epochs of sequence numbers in protocol messages to eliminate stale protocol information in the network and to allow the forwarding topology to recover in merely one round trip time across the network.

Techniques herein include methods for controllable lateral etching of dielectrics in polymerizing fluorocarbon plasmas. Methods can include dielectric stack etching that uses a mask trimming step as part of a silicon etching process. Using a fluorocarbon mixture for dielectric mask trimming provides several advantages, such as being straightforward to apply and providing additional flexibility to the process flow. Thus, techniques herein provide a method to correct or tune CDs on a hardmask. In general, this technique can include using a fluorine-based and a fluorocarbon-based, or fluorohydrocarbon-based, chemistry for creating a plasma, and controlling a ratio of the two chemistries. Without the hardmask trim method disclosed herein, if a hardmask CD is not on target, then a wafer is scrapped. With hard-mask trim capability in silicon etch as disclosed herein, a given CD can be re-targeted to eliminate wafer-scraps.

This invention relates to a method and resulting structure, wherein a DRAM may be fabricated by using silicon midgap materials for transistor gate electrodes, thereby improving refresh characteristics of access transistors. The threshold voltage may be set with reduced substrate doping requirements. Current leakage is improved by this process as well.

The invention relates to a computer-based method and system to facilitate quality control for manufactured assemblies based on computer aided design (CAD) files. The instant invention mitigates the problems encountered with large CAD files by decomposing each of such files into a multi-file format. A large CAD file is thereby broken-down into smaller files that organize the information contained in the larger file. The organization is performed in such a way that the information pertinent to the measurement process is segregated into a different smaller file than the information not needed to calculate measurements. Thus, the computer running the computation accesses a smaller file containing a higher percentage of required information. Additionally, assisting the user in coordinating a match-up between the physical surfaces being measured and the proper associated CAD model version of that surface further increases the handling speed. In particular, the instant invention uses selection regions for each surface. A selection region consists of the representation of a three-dimensional rectangle region just large enough to enclose each individual surface. A selection region indexes each surface. Thus, when a measurement point is taken, a list of surface regions is automatically scanned in order to determine which region contains that point. The corresponding distance of that measurement point to the surface is then calculated.

A filter element for reducing or eliminating the harmful vapor phase components of air or smoke. The filter element includes a first section and a second section. The first section is positioned relative to and in fluid communication with the second section and contains an activated carbon fabric. The second section contains a mixture of catalytic activated carbon and coconut activated carbon.

A method for crest factor reduction of a multi-carrier signal is disclosed. The method comprises determining a plurality of signal values of a plurality of single-carrier signals prior to combining the plurality of single-carrier signals to form the multi-carrier signal. The method further comprises performing a joint potential peak detection on the plurality of signal values, producing a temporal position of a possible peak in the multi-carrier signal, generating a plurality of cancellation pulses, and injecting the plurality of cancellation pulses to the plurality of single-carrier signals at temporal injection positions which correspond to the temporal position of the possible peak in the multi-carrier signal. The single-carrier signals are then combined to form a crest factor reduced multi-carrier signal. A corresponding circuit and corresponding computer program product useable during manufacture and operation are also disclosed.

An example of this light bulb has a light emitting element (which may be an LED array) mounted on a circuit board. The circuit board is mounted on one end of a heat-conducting frame. An Edison screw or other suitable connector, for attaching the light bulb electrically and mechanically to a receptacle, is mounted on the other end of the frame. A transparent phosphor-coated ball has a flat chord face optically bonded to said array. A light-permeable globular enclosure is mounted on the frame, surrounding the ball and both homogenizing the white light output of the bulb but also concealing the yellowing unlit appearance of the remote phosphor ball centrally located within it.

This invention is a stent that has cutting bars or blades in the direction of the balloon and longitudinally at five equidistant points along the direction of the stent's body. There are two patterns in this invention. The first pattern has five blades equidistant from the other and run longitudinally along the direction of the stent body and the other pattern has five shorter blades equidistant from the other to constitute one set. Each set is arranged in a staggered pattern from the next set. Furthermore, the edges of stent's blades or bars are angular or beveled and integrated into a stent strut pattern in order to facilitate the entry of blades into a blockage caused by calcium, plague and/or debris.