3078 results about "Strong acids" patented technology

A process for the production of steviosides from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni includes extraction of comminuted plant material by directly injecting steam into the extractor followed by filtration to get aqueous extract and alkali treatment to remove unwanted compounds in the form of precipitate. The treated aqueous extracted was filtered and the filtrate was first treated with gel or macroporous strong acid cation exchange resin and then with gel or macroporous weak base anion exchange resin. The aqueous eluant containing steviosides was concentrated to obtain purified steviosides.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly metal surface treating agent and a using method thereof. The treating agent comprises fluoride, zircon salt, silane, silicon dioxide, accelerating agent, dispersing agent and stabilizing agent. A conversion coating having the advantages of being compact and even, strong in corrosion resistance and excellent in adhesive force of the coating is respectively formed on the metal surface of steel and zinc; a treatment method of the metal surface treating agent is simple and is operated at the normal temperature; the original phosphating treatment equipment can be used without any change; and strong acid and strong base are not used as the treating agent; therefore, the environment-friendly metal surface treating agent is safe in production without emission, and is the best substitute product of the phosphating treatment technique and an energy-saving type environment-friendly product.

The invention discloses a method for extracting tungsten, titanium and vanadium from a waste SCR (selective catalytic reduction) catalyst, which comprises the following steps: crushing the waste SCR catalyst, adding a strongly alkaline solution, and reacting; filtering, separating, then adding strong acid into the sodium tungstate and sodium vanadate mixed solution, and reacting to obtain tungstic acid and a sodium salt and vanadic acid mixed solution; regulating the pH value of the sodium salt and vanadic acid mixed solution until precipitate is separated out, thus obtaining ammonium vanadate; then adding sulfuric acid into the tungsten-and-vanadium-removed SCR catalyst, and reacting to obtain a titanyl sulfate solution and solids such as aluminum slag and the like; then adding water into the titanyl sulfate solution, and hydrolyzing to obtain titanic acid and a waste acid solution; and finally, respectively calcining the obtained ammonium vanadate, tungstic acid and titanic acid to obtain vanadium pentoxide, tungsten trioxide and titanium dioxide. According to the invention, tungsten, titanium and vanadium can be extracted from the SCR catalyst through the reaction with strong alkali and strong acid at a low temperature, the equipment requirement is low, the energy consumption is low, some products having added values can be coproduced, and no secondary pollution is generated, thereby facilitating popularization and application.

The invention relates to a catalyst for synthesis of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, application of the catalyst in synthesis of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether and a method for synthesizing polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, and mainly aims to solve the problem that the catalyst has low selectivity and low yield for polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether which has a polymierization degree n of 2-10 in the prior art. The technical problem can be well solved by adopting a technical scheme that the catalyst is a metal ion modified hydrogenous strong-acid ion exchange resin, wherein the modifying metal is at least one of Al, Fe, Sn and Zn; and the ion exchange degree of the modifying metal in the catalyst is more than zero and less than or equal to 50 percent. The catalyst can be used in industrial production of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether.

The invention relates to a hydrocracking catalyst with high activity and high-medium oil selectivity. According to the hydrocracking catalyst, amorphous silicon aluminum is used as a carrier, and a specially-modified Y-type molecular sieve is used as acid component, the molecular sieve has high degree of crystallization and low cell parameters, rich secondary holes, large surface area, less uniformly-distributed acid sites, no strong acid center, and most of medium-strength acid centers, and also has strong nitrogen-resisting performance and better damage capacity; and the hydrocracking catalyst using the molecular sieve has high hydrocracking activity and high middle oil selectivity, and stronger nitrogen resisting capacity. The catalyst provided by the invention is used in the process of producing an intermediate distillate product by adopting a heavy hydrocarbon single-section or one-section hydrocracking process, and has better activity and middle oil selectivity.

The present invention relates to shelf stable and/or less corrosive peroxycarboxylic acid antimicrobial compositions, including ready-to-use compositions. Shelf stable compositions can include defined ratios of hydrogen peroxide to peroxycarboxylic acid and/or hydrogen peroxide to protonated carboxylic acid, but need not include strong acid. Reduced corrosion compositions can include carboxylic acid and corrosion inhibitor at acid pH. Compositions of the invention can have advantageous activity against spores.

The large-area untrathin nano carbon tube film with well feature in microcosmic level comprises nano carbon tubes with centimeter-level length and more then 90wt% purity. Wherein, the least thickness of single-layer film can achieve 20nm with near transparent color and more then 10cm2 film area; there are multiple functional groups on tube surface. It also discloses the opposite preparation technique: with the macroscopic body of nano carbon tube, oxidating the macroscopic body in air; then, dipping into hydroperoxide; adding strong acid to poach till the liquid shows neutrality; finally, adding alcohol or acetone into the liquid to float the tube and form the film.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a homogenized fine nano-cellulose fiber. The preparation method can solve the problems of uniform diameter distributor of biomass nano-cellulose prepared by the existing strong acid hydrolysis method and the high-strength mechanical shearing method, easy gathering among the nano-fiber and a narrow range of applications of the TEMPO catalytic oxidation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) extracting biomass fiber with benzyl alcohol solution; 2) carrying out treatment by using acidified sodium chlorite; 3) carrying out gradient treatment with alkaline liquor; 4) using TEMPO, sodium bromide and sodium hypochlorite for catalytic oxidation treatment; 5) using sodium chlorite for treatment; and 6) carrying out nano-scale processing by using the long-term stirring method, the ultrasonic method or the high-pressure homogenization method, drying, and then obtaining the homogenized fine nano-cellulose fiber. The fiber has the uniform diameter distribution, the diameter is 3-5nm, the length-diameter ratio is not less than 500, the fiber is mutually interwoven into a mesh snarling structure, and the method is applicable to preparing the nano-cellulose fiber by using wood pulp, paper-making pulp, wood, bamboo and crop straw.

The present invention solves the problem that the existing strong acid resin catalyst has bad high temperature mechanical intensity and complex hole purification technics, brings forward a simple preparing method for pressurization polymerization and hole purification method, the pressurization polymerization improves the uniformity of polymer bead body structure and the high temperature mechanical stability for resin, the extraction is executed by solvent naphtha first and the boiling is executed by halogeno-alkane, the hole purification method is simplified. The prepared strong acid cation resin catalyst has high temperature resistant and excellent catalytic activity and its high temperature stability is better than same kind of product.

The present invention discloses a hollow microsphere preparation method, which uses a hydrogel microsphere as a template. The preparation method is that an emulsion or inverse emulsion polymeric method is adopted to synthesize the hydrogel microsphere with electric charge. A surfactant with inverse electric charge and hydrophobic monomer are added into the hydrogel microsphere suspension, and the hydrogel microsphere is coated by a polymer crust layer of the hydrophobic monomer by a seed emulsion polymerization method to form a core-shell microsphere with an inner layer of hydrogel and an outer layer of polymer; a hydrolyzation of a silicon dioxide or titanium dioxide precursor is used to form the core-shell microsphere with the outer layer of inorganic matter and the inner layer of hydrogel. The core-shell microsphere is dried to obtain the hollow microsphere. The method of the present invention does not need removing the template by organic impregnant dissolving, strong acid or strong alkali etching or high temperature calcining; the preparation process is safe and the operation is simple; and the hollow microsphere with different chemical components can be obtained by changing core or shell.

A CMP polishing slurry of the present invention, contains cerium oxide particles, a dispersant, a polycarboxylic acid, a strong acid having a pKa of its first dissociable acidic group at 3.2 or less, and water, the pH of the polishing slurry is 4.0 or more and 7.5 or less, wherein the strong acid is contained 100 to 1,000 ppm or 50 to 1,000 ppm, or the strong acid is a monovalent strong acid contained 50 to 500 ppm or is a bivalent strong acid contained 100 to 1,000 ppm. The preferable polycarboxylic acid is a polyacrylic acid. The present invention allows polishing in the CMP methods of surface-smoothening an interlayer dielectric film, a BPSG film and a shallow-trench-isolation insulation film with high speed operation efficiently and easier process management and cause smaller fluctuation in film thickness due to difference in pattern density.

The invention discloses a preparation method of low-cost strong-acid hierarchical-pore Beta zeolite, and relates to a preparation method of hierarchical-pore Beta zeolite. The problem that the acidity of an existing desilicication post-treatment hierarchical-pore Beta zeolite molecular sieve is weakened is solved. The preparation method comprises the steps of 1. calcining Beta zeolite to obtain microporous hydrogen type Beta zeolite; 2. adding the microporous hydrogen type Beta zeolite into an alkaline solution, stirring, and washing and drying to obtain sodium type desilicication hierarchical-pore Beta zeolite; 3. adding the sodium type desilicication hierarchical-pore Beta zeolite into an ammonium nitrate aqueous solution for exchange, and calcining to obtain hydrogen type desilicication hierarchical-pore Beta zeolite; and 4. adding the hydrogen type desilicication hierarchical-pore Beta zeolite into an acidic solution, stirring, washing and drying, and repeating the step 3 to obtain the strong-acid hierarchical-pore Beta zeolite.

Crosslinked polybenzoxazines obtained by crosslinking a monofunctional first benzoxazine monomer and a multifunctional second benzoxazine monomer with a crosslinkable compound, an electrolyte membrane including the same, a method of preparing the electrolyte membrane, a fuel cell including the electrolyte membrane having the crosslinked polybenzoxazines using the method. The crosslinked polybenzoxazines have strong acid trapping capability, improved mechanical properties, and excellent chemical stability as it does not melt in polyphosphoric acid. Even as the amount of impregnated proton carrier and the temperature are increased, mechanical and chemical stability is highly maintained, and thus the electrolyte membrane can be effectively used for fuel cells at a high temperature.

The present invention provides a method of preparing a 4-(arylmethyl)amino-1H-imidazo(4,5-c)quinoline of formula (4) by reacting an arylmethylamine of formula (3) with a 4-chloro-1H-imidazo(4,5-c)quinoline of formula (2). The present invention further provides a method of preparing an acid addition salt of formula (5) comprising the step of hydrolyzing a 4-(arylmethyl)amino-1H-imidazo(4,5-c)quinoline of formula (4) with a strong acid, HX. The present invention further provides a method of preparing a 4-amino-1H-imidazo(4,5-c)quinoline of formula (1) comprising the step of treating an acid addition salt of formula (5) with a base.

The invention relates to organic-inorganic hybrid ultraviolet cured paint for metal surface protection. The paint comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10 to 25 percent of epoxy modified silicon dioxide gel-resin, 15 to 30 percent of bisphenol-A epoxy acrylic ester, 5 to 15 percent of urethane acrylate, 35 to 45 percent of reactive diluent, 2 to 5 percent of toughener, 4 to 6 percent of photoinitiator, 0.5 to 0 percent of addition agent, wherein the epoxy modified silicon dioxide gel-resin is prepared by hydrolyzing a mixture of ethyl orthosilicate and gamma-glycidoxy propyl trimethoxy silane by a sol-gel method first and then adding diethylenetriamine. The paint film formed after the curing of paint has good strength, hardness, flexibility and strong acid and base resistance. The invention solves the problems that the organic-inorganic hybrid paint has high requirement on curing and common ultraviolet cured paint has poor adhesive force and flexibility when cured on metal base materials.

The invention relates to a method for preparing graphene oxide by chemical peeling, belonging to the field of graphene oxide preparation. The method comprises the following steps: (1) graphite oxide preparation: selecting expanded graphite, strong acid, oxidant and distilled water according to the proportion of (0.1-0.8g):(10-90ml):(0.6-12g):(40-300ml); mixing the expanded graphite with the strong acid evenly, adding oxidant and then carrying out a reaction on the mixture for 0.25-4 hours in a condition of 30-45 DEG C; adding distilled water to react for 0.5-2.5 hours and washing the filter cake to neutral with distilled water; rinsing the filter cake with absolute ethyl alcohol, drying the cake in a condition of 30-45 DEG C to obtain the graphite oxide. (2) graphene oxide preparation: selecting the graphite oxide and organic solvent according to the proportion of (0.02-0.1g):(15-70ml); adding the graphite oxide to the solvent and dispersing with a 40-50kHz ultrasonic sound for 0.5-10 hours; centrifugating at a rate of 3000-5000r/min for 20-90 minutes; taking the suspension solution and drying in a condition of 30-45DEG C to obtain the graphene oxide. The method in the invention is safe in operation and has low costs.

The invention provides nitrogen-doped activated carbon synthesized by using biomass derivative and particularly provides nitrogen-doped chitosan-based activated carbon. Chitosan is used as raw materials. The content of nitrogen in the activated carbon is 2-8wt%. The specific surface area of the activated carbon is 600-1100m<2>/g. The aperture of the activated carbon is 0.46-1.5nm. The nitrogen-doped chitosan-based activated carbon is prepared by using the chitosan as raw materials through dissolution, freeze-drying and high-temperature carbonization. By dissolving the chitosan to reduce acting force among molecules, by conducting freeze-drying to control the overall structure of chitosan dry gel and by increasing the porosity and the specific surface area of chitosan carbonization products, the nitrogen-doped chitosan-based activated carbon with large specific surface area is obtained. An environmental-friendly process of preparing high-performance activated carbon without consuming strong acid and strong alkali is realized. The traditional activated carbon preparation process which is not environmental-friendly and is high in cost because activating agents, water and the like are greatly used is avoided. The invention additionally provides a preparation method of the nitrogen-doped chitosan-based activated carbon, which has the advantages that the preparation process is simple, the equipment is simple and easy to obtain and the like.

The invention provides a graphene modified high-heat-conductivity aluminum-based composite material and a powder metallurgy preparation method thereof. The material comprises reinforced grains and an aluminum substrate, wherein the composite boundary of the reinforced grains and the aluminum substrate contains high-heat-conductivity graphene nanosheets. The method comprises the following steps: (1) soaking the reinforced grains with a strong acid solution, subsequently washing with deionized water till being neutral, drying, and removing the surface impurities, thereby obtaining activated reinforced grains; (2) adding the activated reinforced grains into a graphene dispersion liquid, mechanically stirring or performing ultrasonic dispersion, and wrapping the graphene nanosheets on the surface, thereby preparing the graphene modified reinforced grains; and (3) mixing the graphene modified reinforced grains with the aluminum substrate powder, pressing into blanks, and sintering, thereby preparing the graphene modified high-heat-conductivity aluminum-based composite material. The composite material provided by the invention is good in chemical stability, high in thermal conductivity and can be used as a heat management material of a large-power semiconductor device.

The invention is a composition comprising a) one or more organotitanates or zirconates having four ligands wherein the ligands are hydrocarbyl, optionally containing one or more functional groups having one or more heteroatoms selected from the group comprising oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur wherein two or more of the ligands may form a cyclic structure with the proviso that one of the ligands has an acidic moiety; one or more strong organic acids or a mixture thereof; b) one or more alkoxysilanes; c) optionally one or more high molecular weight resins; and d) a solvent which dissolves the components of the composition. This composition is referred to as a clear primer hereinafter. Preferably, the composition comprises both an organotitanate or zirconate and a strong acid.

A method of chemically extracting radium-228, rare earth metals, thorium, the decay products of thorium, and phosphates from thorium-containing ores. The method involves breaking thorium-containing ore into fragments, wetting the fragments with a concentrated strong acid to make a slurry, heating the slurry, passing the heated solution through a first anion exchange column, retaining metals and radium-228 captured on the resin, allowing the radium-228 ions to decay to actinium-228, purifying the actinium-228 fraction, sending the actinium-228 fraction through a capture column, eluting the captured thorium-228 with acid, removing radium from the solution, retaining the radium-228 fraction for isomer in-growth, retaining decay products from the radium-228, separating the REEs from the process stream; and eluting and retaining the REEs.

Disclosed are methods relating to an extruded pregelatinized, partially hydrolyzed starch prepared by mixing at least water, non-pregelatinized starch, and acid to form a starch precursor. The acid can be a weak acid that substantially avoids chelating calcium ions or a strong acid in a small amount. In the method, pregelatinization and acid-modification of the starch precursor occurs in one step in an extruder. Also disclosed are methods of preparing board using the starch prepared according to the methods, as well as starches and boards prepared by various methods of the invention.

A method of forming nanoporous carbon material includes the steps of providing a natural carbonaceous material, the carbonaceous material having pores being filled with at least one other material, and treating the carbonaceous material with a strong acid or a strong base, wherein the other material is removed from the pores to form a nanoporous carbon material having open pores available for organic electrolyte. The nanoporous carbon material can be used to form composite electrodes by impregnating the open pores with an organic electrolyte. Such electrodes can be used to form electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLC), such as by disposing an electrically insulating layer comprising a plurality of nano-size dielectric particles together with a binder directly onto a surface of at least one of anode and the cathode, and interposing the electrically insulating layer between the anode and the cathode. EDLCs formed using the invention are low cost and provide large specific energy stored and low inner resistance resulting in high power output.

The invention discloses a nano ZSM-5 molecular sieve based catalyst and preparation and use methods. The molecular sieve catalyst consists of molecular sieves and metal components, wherein the molecular sieves are nano ZSM-5 molecular sieves with a short b-axis, a medium high silica-alumina ratio, less strong acid, high Lewis acid content, and resistance to hydrothermal deactivation. The preparation method is as follows: mixing a silicon source, an aluminum source, a template agent, a structure promoter, an additive and alkali with water, and stirring to prepare a precursor solution, then crystallizing, separating solid from liquid, and calcinating to obtain molecular sieve raw powder; mixing the molecular sieve raw powder with an ammonium salt solution, stirring, filtering, mixing with the ammonium salt solution for several times, stirring, filtering, and calcinating to obtain hydrogen-type ZSM-5 molecular sieves; mixing with the metal precursor solution, drying and calcinating to obtain the aromatization catalyst. The use method is as follows: transforming oxy-compound raw materials to aromatic hydrocarbon through the catalyst under the reaction conditions. The nano ZSM-5 molecular sieve based catalyst has the characteristics of being high in aromatics yield (reaching up to 99%) and long in service life (the catalyst is alive after 300 hours, and the aromatics selectivity reaches up to 70% after the catalyst is subjected to hydrothermal aging at 760 DEG C for 4 hours).

The invention relates to a method for preparing a cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, performing surface modification on silica gel serving as a carrier; and secondly, loading an active ingredient, namely, Co by an immersion method, wherein a method for performing the surface modification on the silica gel carrier is solution immersion treatment by using a nitrogen-containing organic compound. The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst prepared by the method prevents strong acid or strong alkali solution from corroding the surface of the carrier and damaging a pore structure of the carrier in a carrier modification process, so that the use performance of the catalyst can be enhanced effectively.

The invention provides a preparation method of graphene. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (A) mixing a metal catalyst with a carbon source, and adsorbing to obtain the carbon source adsorbing the metal catalyst, wherein the carbon source comprises one or more of ion exchange resin, a carbon material, a biomass material and a gel-type material; and (B) heating a reducing agent and the carbon source adsorbing the metal catalyst in the step (A) to obtain the graphene. According to the preparation method, no raw material such as strong acid or an oxidant which can severely pollute the environment is adopted, and the graphene is obtained by in-situ catalytically carbonizing the carbon source by one step. The invention provides the graphene.

The invention discloses a method for preparing silicon-containing alumina, which comprises the following steps of: preparing modified clay, roasting original clay at high temperature, and reacting the clay with mixed acid, wherein the mixed acid is a mixture of strong acid and weak acid; performing a gelling reaction of aluminum-containing acid solution and alkaline solution in modified clay size, ageing, filtering, washing, drying, roasting and the like to prepare the silicon-containing alumina, or drying to prepare silicon-containing alumina dry glue without roasting. Compared with that prepared by the conventional method, the silicon-containing alumina prepared by the method has the advantages of large pore diameter, proper pore structure and the like, and can be used for preparing heavy oil or residual oil hydrotreating catalysts.

Chemiluminescent acridinium compounds are used in homogeneous assays to determine the concentration of an analyte in a sample without strong acid or strong base treatment. The chemiluminescent acridinium compounds include acridinium esters with electron donating functional groups at the C2 and/or C7 position on the acridinium nucleus to inhibit pseudo-base formation, or acridinium sulfonamides with or without electron donating functional groups at the C2 and/or C7 position on the acridinium nucleus.

The invention relates to a carbon nano tube surface functionalization method. The method comprises the following steps of: performing surface coating treatment to a carbon nano tube through a dopamine hydrochloride biomimetic modification method, and performing surface functionalization grafting treatment to the dopamine-modified carbon nano tube through a second functionalization monomer. The method aims to improve the dispersibility of the carbon nano tube in a rubber matrix and the bonding performance of the carbon nano tube with a rubber interface, therefore, the problems of dispersing in the matrix and the poor interfacing bonding of the conventional non-modified carbon nano tube are solved; a series of problems such as damage to the carbon nano tube, environment pollution and complicated technical process, due to strong acid corrosion oxidation treatment in the conventional carbon nano tube surface modification method are prevented; and the technical process is simplified and the produced modified carbon tube is excellent in performance.

The invention belongs to high molecular material technological field, concretely relates to a polymer shallow micro ball and its preparing method. The high molecular shallow micro ball links the surface chemical bond of the organic nm micro ball with a layer of polymer by micro latex synthesizing method, forming the micro ball with polymer inorganic nm compound core shell structure, then wash the inorganic material by strong acid to acquire the product, whose size is mm~nn. The invention has simple operation, high efficiency, average size of micro ball, and the shallow micro ball in the polymer made has outstanding heat stability and chemical stability, with bright future of application.

The present invention provides one-step levo-alpha-terpineol synthesizing process, in which turpentine oil with alpha-pinene as main component is used as the material, low-carbon alcohol or ketone assolvent and modified strong acid styrene cationic exchange resin as catalyst and the catalytic hydration is completed in a fixed bed reactor. It has catalyst/alpha-pinene weight ratio of 1 to 1-10, alpha-pinene/water molar ratio of 1 to 1.1-2, water/solvent molar ratio of 1 to 0.1-0.9, reaction temperature of 70-100 deg.c, reaction period of 5-13 hr, alpha-pinene converting rate over 95 % and levo-alpha-terpineol yield over 65 %.