541 results about "Oxygenate" patented technology

The average propylene cycle yield of an oxygenate to propylene (OTP) process using a dual-function oxygenate conversion catalyst is substantially enhanced by the use of a combination of: 1) moving bed reactor technology in the catalytic OTP reaction step in lieu of the fixed bed technology of the prior art; 2) a separate heavy olefin interconversion step using moving bed technology and operating at an inlet temperature at least 15° C. higher than the maximum temperature utilized in the OTP reaction step; 3) C₂ olefin recycle to the OTP reaction step; and 4) a catalyst on-stream cycle time of 700 hours or less. These provisions hold the build-up of coke deposits on the catalyst to a level which does not substantially degrade dual-function catalyst activity, oxygenate conversion and propylene selectivity, thereby enabling maintenance of average propylene cycle yield for each cycle near or at essentially start-of-cycle levels.

This invention provides processes for forming light olefins from methanol and/or from syngas through a dimethyl ether intermediate. Specifically, the invention is to converting methanol and/or syngas to dimethyl ether and water in the presence of a first catalyst, preferably comprising γ-alumina, and converting the dimethyl ether to light olefins and water in the presence of a second catalyst, preferably a molecular sieve catalyst composition.

The present invention is generally directed to methods for making fuels from biomass comprising triglyceride species, whereby the biomass is subjected to partial hydrodeoxygenation and (optionally) catalytic isomerization. The partial-hydrodeoxygenation of the triglyceride species produces a fuel that retains some oxygenates for enhanced lubricity.

The average propylene cycle selectivity of an oxygenate to propylene (OTP) process using a dual-function oxygenate conversion catalyst is substantially enhanced by the use of a combination of: 1) moving bed reactor technology in the hydrocarbon synthesis portion of the OTP flow scheme in lieu of the fixed bed technology of the prior art; 2) a hydrothermally stabilized and dual-functional catalyst system comprising a molecular sieve having dual-function capability dispersed in a phosphorus-modified alumina matrix containing labile phosphorus and/or aluminum anions; and 3) a catalyst on-stream cycle time of 400 hours or less. These provisions stabilize the catalyst against hydrothermal deactivation and hold the build-up of coke deposits on the catalyst to a level which does not substantially degrade dual-function catalyst activity, oxygenate conversion and propylene selectivity, thereby enabling maintenance of average propylene cycle yield near or at essentially start-of-cycle levels.

The present invention provides a liquid fuel composition comprising a distillation fraction of a component having at least one C₄₊ compound derived from a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon prepared by a method comprising:

• • providing water and a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon comprising a C₁₊O₁₊ hydrocarbon in an aqueous liquid phase and/or a vapor phase;
  • providing H₂;
  • catalytically reacting in the liquid and/or vapor phase the oxygenated hydrocarbon with the H₂ in the presence of a deoxygenation catalyst at a deoxygenation temperature and deoxygenation pressure to produce an oxygenate comprising a C₁₊O_1-3 hydrocarbon in a reaction stream; and
  • catalytically reacting in the liquid and/or vapor phase the oxygenate in the presence of a condensation catalyst at a condensation temperature and condensation pressure to produce the C₄₊ compound,
  • wherein the C₄₊ compound comprises a member selected from the group consisting of C₄₊ alcohol, C₄₊ ketone, C₄₊ alkane, C₄₊ alkene, C₅₊ cycloalkane, C₅₊ cycloalkene, aryl, fused aryl, and a mixture thereof;

wherein the liquid fuel composition is selected from:

a gasoline composition having an initial boiling point in the range of from 15° C. to 70° C. (IP123), a final boiling point of at most 230° C. (IP123), a RON in the range of from 85 to 110 (ASTM D2699) and a MON in the range of from 75 to 100 (ASTM D2700);

a diesel fuel composition having an initial boiling point in the range of from 130° C. to 230° C. (IP123), a final boiling point of at most 410° C. (IP123) and a cetane number in the range of from 35 to 120 (ASTM D613); and

a kerosene composition having an initial boiling point in the range of from 80 to 150° C., a final boiling point in the range of from 200 to 320° C. and a viscosity at −20° C. in the range of from 0.8 to 10 mm²/s (ASTM D445).

A method, system, apparatus and program extracts energy from organic residual materials produced by the manufacturing of biofuels. Energy is extracted from the biofuels residuals using anaerobic bioconversion to produce a fuel for use in the manufacturing process for producing synthetic biofuel or as an additional energy product for sale comprises: providing at least one bioconversion tank for conversion of organic waste material, the bioconversion tank containing an active biomass comprising at least one bacteria that decomposes organic material; providing at least one inlet to the bioconversion for organic material; a processor that receives and stores information on: the status of chemical oxygen demand of the active biomass; and the oxygen provision capability of any organic material that can be fed into the bioconversion tank through an inlet; a mass flow control system controlled by the processor which feeds at least one organic material through an inlet at a rate based at least in part upon the status of chemical oxygen demand in the bioconversion tank as recognized by the processor.

The average cycle propylene selectivity of an oxygenate to propylene (OTP) process using one or more fixed or moving beds of a dual-function oxygenate conversion catalyst with recycle of one or more C₄⁺ olefin-rich fractions is substantially enhanced by the use of selective hydrotreating technology on these C₄⁺ olefin-rich recycle streams to substantially eliminate detrimental coke precursors such as dienes and acetylenic hydrocarbons. This hydrotreating step helps hold the build-up of detrimental coke deposits on the catalyst to a level which does not substantially degrade dual-function catalyst activity, oxygenate conversion and propylene selectivity, thereby enabling a substantial improvement in propylene average cycle yield. The propylene average cycle yield improvement enabled by the present invention over that achieved by the prior art using the same or a similar catalyst system but without the use of the hydrotreating step on the C₄⁺ olefin-rich recycle stream is of the order of about 1.5 to 5.5 wt-% or more.

A system and process for producing olefins from oxygenate, e.g., methanol or dimethylether, includes a fluidized bed reaction zone that provide contact between the oxygenate and a molecular sieve catalyst such as ZSM-34 or SAPO-34. Improved ethylene selectivity is realized when the oxygenate is stagewise injected into the fluidized bed at one or more locations along the axial direction of the fluidized bed reaction zone.

The present invention is a process for removal of carbon dioxide from a reactor effluent stream comprising water, carbon dioxide and olefin(s), where a portion of the carbon dioxide is removed in a quenching step with a quench medium and more carbon dioxide is removed by contacting the quenched effluent stream with an alkaline stream. A portion of the alkaline stream is added to the quench medium.

The invention relates to a conversion process for making olefin(s) using a molecular sieve catalyst composition. More specifically, the invention is directed to a process for converting a feedstock comprising an oxygenate in the presence of a molecular sieve catalyst composition, wherein the feedstock is free of or substantially free of metal salts.

The present invention provides various processes for producing light olefins from methanol and ethanol, optionally in a mixed alcohol stream. In one embodiment, the invention includes directing a first syngas stream to a methanol synthesis zone to form methanol and directing a second syngas stream and methanol to a homologation zone to form ethanol. The methanol and ethanol are directed to an oxygenate to olefin reaction system for conversion thereof to ethylene and propylene.

This invention relates to a process for converting a hydrocarbon reactant to a product comprising an oxygenate or a nitrile, the process comprising: (A) flowing a reactant composition comprising the hydrocarbon reactant, and oxygen or a source of oxygen, and optionally ammonia, through a microchannel reactor in contact with a catalyst to convert the hydrocarbon reactant to the product, the hydrocarbon reactant undergoing an exothermic reaction in the microchannel reactor; (B) transferring heat from the microchannel reactor to a heat exchanger during step (A); and (C) quenching the product from step (A).

Oxygenate feedstocks derived from biomass are converted to a variety of fuels including gas, jet, and diesel fuel range hydrocarbons. General methods are provided including hydrolysis, dehydration, hydrogenation, condensation, oligomerization, and/or a polishing hydrotreating.

A process is described for producing an olefins stream from a first vapor effluent stream from an oxygenate to olefin conversion reaction, said first vapor effluent stream comprising C₂ and C₃ olefins, C₄ hydrocarbons, and C₂ to C₆ carbonyl compounds. In the process, the temperature and pressure of the first vapor effluent stream are adjusted to produce a second vapor effluent stream having a pressure ranging from about 100 psig to about 350 psig (790 to 2514 kPa) and a temperature ranging from about 70° F. to about 120° F. (21 to 49° C.), said second vapor effluent stream containing about 50 wt. % or more C₄ hydrocarbons based upon the total weight of C₄ hydrocarbons in the first vapor effluent stream. The second vapor effluent stream is then washed with a liquid alcohol-containing stream to produce a third vapor effluent stream, whereafter the third vapor effluent stream is washed with liquid water to provide a fourth vapor effluent stream comprising the C₂ and C₃ olefins and about 1.0 wt. % or less C₂ to C₆ carbonyl compounds.

The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for converting in a continuous process biomass to fuels and chemicals. The invention includes methods of converting the water insoluble components of biomass, such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, to volatile C₂₊O_1-2 oxygenates, such as alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and mixtures thereof. In certain applications, the volatile C₂₊O_1-2 oxygenates can be collected and used as a final chemical product, or used in downstream processes to produce liquid fuels, chemicals and other products.

The present invention relates to processes for forming mixed alcohols containing methanol and ethanol. The mixed alcohol can then be used as a feedstock for an oxygenate-to-olefin reaction system for conversion thereof to ethylene, propylene, and the like. In addition, the olefins produced by the oxygenate-to-olefin reaction can then be used as monomers for a polymerization of olefin-containing polymers and/or oligomers.

A process for the preparation of an olefin product comprising ethylene and/or propylene, which process comprises the steps of

a) cracking a paraffin feedstock comprising C2-C5 paraffins under cracking conditions in a cracking zone to obtain a cracker effluent comprising olefins;

b) converting an oxygenate feedstock in an oxygenate-to-olefins conversion system, comprising a reaction zone in which an oxygenate feedstock is contacted with an oxygenate conversion catalyst under oxygenate conversion conditions, to obtain a conversion effluent comprising ethylene and/or propylene;

c) combining at least part of the cracker effluent and at least part of the conversion effluent to obtain a combined effluent, and separating an olefin product stream comprising ethylene and/or propylene from the combined effluent, wherein the paraffin feedstock comprises ethane, and wherein the cracking conditions in the cracking zone are selected such that 60 wt % or less of the ethane in the paraffin feedstock is converted during a single pass through the cracking zone.

Disclosed is a process for recovering heat in an oxygenate to olefin (“OTO”) production process. The process includes removing heat while maintaining the temperature of an effluent stream that comprises solid particles (typically catalyst particles) and a gas phase comprising prime olefins from an OTO reactor above the dew point temperature of the effluent stream. The process further includes washing the effluent stream in solids wash to remove the solid particles from the gas phase into a liquid wash medium.

Disclosed is a carbonylation process for the production of carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters and/or carboxylic acid anhydrides wherein a carbonylation feedstock compound selected from one or more organic oxygenates such as alcohols, ethers, and esters is contacted with carbon monoxide in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst and one or more onium compounds. The carbonylation process differs from known carbonylation processes in that a halide compound such as a hydrogen halide, typically hydrogen iodide, and/or alkyl halide, typically methyl iodide, extraneous or exogenous to the carbonylation process is not fed or supplied separately to the process.

The present invention provides processes for removing CO₂ from an effluent stream derived from an oxygenate to olefins reaction system. In one embodiment, the invention comprises contacting the effluent stream with a first CO₂ removal medium in a first CO₂ removal zone under conditions effective to remove a first portion of the CO₂ from the effluent stream and form a first CO₂ depleted stream. The first CO₂ depleted stream is contacted with a second CO₂ removal medium in a second CO₂ removal zone under conditions effective to remove a second portion of the CO₂ from the first CO₂ depleted stream and form a second CO₂ depleted stream comprising less than about 0.5 vppm CO₂.

The present invention relates to a stable, low sulfur, olefinic distillate fuel blend component derived from a Fischer-Tropsch process and a process for producing this stable, low sulfur, olefinic distillate fuel blend component. The stable, low sulfur, olefinic distillate fuel comprises olefins in an amount of 2 to 80 weight percent, non-olefins in an amount of 20 to 98 weight percent wherein the non-olefins are predominantly paraffins, oxygenates in an amount of less than 1 weight percent, and sulfur in an amount of less than 10 ppm by weight. A distillate fuel comprising the above blend component forms less than 5 ppm peroxides after storage at 60° C. for four weeks.