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11489 results about "Distillation" patented technology

Distillation is the process of separating the components or substances from a liquid mixture by using selective boiling and condensation. Distillation may result in essentially complete separation (nearly pure components), or it may be a partial separation that increases the concentration of selected components in the mixture. In either case, the process exploits differences in the relative volatility of the mixture's components. In industrial chemistry, distillation is a unit operation of practically universal importance, but it is a physical separation process, not a chemical reaction.

Heat energy recapture and recycle and its new applications

What has been created is a plurality and a variety of processes and a variety of devices correspondingly supportive to each process, wherein, a new partnership between; (1) a heat absorbing radiator compressed air pipes/tubes and (2) a gas turbine engine or a reciprocating piston engine,—is used to recapture and reconvert the, otherwise wasted, heat energies expelled by engines, by factories, by smelting plants, by distillation plants, by chillers/coolers/freezers, by cooking ovens, by lamps/stoves, by trash burners, and the heat energies created by the solar heat on the desert/ocean water,—into electric power and finally into hydrogen-deuterium fuel,—by having the engine's tailpipes submerged in cold compressed air inside the heat absorbing radiator pipes in reverse air flow, to further drive and re-drive the same engine; wherein, in order to capture fusion heat energy the hydrogen bomb is detonated in the deep ocean to catch the flames by the water and the hot water is used to energize the compressed air inside the heat absorbing radiator pipes; wherein, in order to produce fusion energy, an abundant electric arc is passed across liquid deuterium or across gaseous deuterium by the electro-plasma torch and sparkplug in the internal combustion engine, and by detonating a dynamite inside a liquid deuterium; wherein diamond is produced by placing carbon inside the hydrogen bomb; and wherein, deuterium fusion flame is used first in smelting glass to large sizes before running an engine.
Owner:CHRISTIAN SCHOOL OF TECH CHARITABLE FOUND TRUST

Modified thermal processing of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks

The present invention is directed to the upgrading of heavy petroleum oils of high viscosity and low API gravity that are typically not suitable for pipelining without the use of diluents. It utilizes a short residence-time pyrolytic reactor operating under conditions that result in a rapid pyrolytic distillation with coke formation. Both physical and chemical changes taking place lead to an overall molecular weight reduction in the liquid product and rejection of certain components with the byproduct coke. The liquid product is upgraded primarily because of its substantially reduced viscosity, increased API gravity, and the content of middle and light distillate fractions. While maximizing the overall liquid yield, the improvements in viscosity and API gravity can render the liquid product suitable for pipelining without the use of diluents. This invention particularly relates to reducing sulfur emissions during the combustion of byproduct coke (or coke and gas), to reducing the total acid number (TAN) of the liquid product, and to reducing the hydrogen sulfide content of one, or more than one component of the product stream. The method comprises introducing a particulate heat carrier into an up-flow reactor, introducing the feedstock at a location above the entry of the particulate heat carrier, allowing the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock to interact with the heat carrier for a short time, separating the vapors of the product stream from the particulate heat carrier and liquid and byproduct solid matter, regenerating the particulate heat carrier in the presence of the calcium compound, and collecting a gaseous and liquid product from the product stream.
Owner:IVANHOE HTL GASOLINEEUM

Full-component resource reclamation method for waste positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries

The invention provides a full-component resource reclamation method for waste positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries. The method comprises the following steps: 1) separating active substances and aluminum foils in waste positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries by using an aqueous solution of fluorine-containing organic acid and carrying out liquid-solid-solid separation so as to obtain leachate, the lithium-containing active substances and the aluminum foils; 2) respectively carrying out high temperature roasting and impurity removal with alkali liquor on the lithium-containing active substances; 3) respectively carrying out recovery of the fluorine-containing organic acid through addition of acid and distillation, deposition of impurity ions through addition of alkali and ammonium carbonate coprecipitation on the leachate so as to prepare nickel-cobalt-manganese carbonate ternary precursor; and 4) carrying out component regulation on a mixture of the treated active substances and the nickel-cobalt-manganese carbonate ternary precursor, adding lithium carbonate in a certain proportion and carrying out high temperature solid phase sintering so as to prepare a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide ternary positive electrode material. The method provided in the invention has the following advantages: the application scope of the method is wide; separation efficiency of the lithium-containing active substances and the aluminum foils is high; short-flow direct re-preparation of positive electrode materials in waste lithium ion batteries is realized; and the method is applicable to large-scale resource reclamation of waste lithium ion batteries.
Owner:INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI

Method for treating contaminated soil by combining in-situ heat strengthening and soil vapor extraction technology

The invention discloses a method for treating contaminated soil by combining in-situ heat strengthening and a soil vapor extraction technology, which is characterized in that a heating well with a certain form is formed in a contaminated area, a heater part is provided in the heating well, and a sleeve pipe is installed, a catalyst is filled in the sleeve pipe for accelerating the high temperature decomposition of the pollutant into simple micromolecular substances. At least one well bore is drilled at the central contaminated area of the heating well which is arranged in the certain form to form an extraction well, a vacuum system is provided for realizing the extraction of the contaminated tail gas. the heating well provides heat to contaminated soil of the heating well and the adjacent areas through the thermal conductivity of the heater part arranged in the heating well, soil is heated, the soil pollutant is subjected to processes of evaporation, in-situ pyrolysis, oxidation, combustion, distillation and the like to form tail gas like simple micromolecular gas, water and pollutant steam, then the tail gas is extracted by the vacuum system in the extraction well, and is connected to a tail gas collection pipeline of the extraction well to send to the ground surface, the pollutant in tail gas is treated through a pollutant treatment facility which is installed on the ground surface. The method also comprises an impervious sealing plate which is arranged on the contaminated soil area ground surface for minimizing the gas exchange of the heating well, the extraction well and atmosphere, and preventing the pollutant from entering in atmosphere to form secondary pollution, and a thermal insulation layer is arranged above or below the impervious sealing plate for avoiding the dissipation of heat.
Owner:TIANJIN ECOLOGY CITY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION +1
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