292results about "Refining to change hydrocarbon structural skeleton" patented technology

Methods and systems for converting a renewable fuel intermediate composition to finished transportation fuel are provided herein. In some examples, a renewable fuel intermediate composition is flowed over a first catalyst in a first reaction zone to generate a saturated, hydrodeoxygenated product. A liquid portion of the renewable fuel intermediate composition may be characterized as having more than about 70 wt % of the oxygen being within ketone groups. The saturated, hydrodeoxygenated product may be flowed over a second fixed-bed catalyst in a second reaction zone to generate a product including the finished transportation fuel.

Embodiments of systems and methods to produce aviation fuel are disclosed. An example of a method to produce aviation fuel includes fractionating a renewable diesel feedstock in a fractionator to produce a C8− fraction, a C8-18 fraction, and a C18+ fraction. Additionally, the method includes providing the C8-18 fraction to an isomerization reactor to produce an aviation fuel product. The method includes supplying at least a portion of the C18+ fraction to a hydrocracking reactor to produce a hydrocracked product. The method further includes recycling at least a portion of the hydrocracked product to the fractionator for fractionating along with the renewable diesel feedstock.

A process and apparatus for producing biofuel from biorenewable feedstock is disclosed. The process comprises hydrotreating the biorenewable feed stream in a hydrotreating reactor to hydrodeoxygenate a biorenewable feed stream to provide a hydrotreated effluent stream. The hydrotreated effluent stream is separated in a hot separator into a hot separated vapor stream and a hot separated liquid stream. A hydroisomerization feed stream is taken from the hot separated liquid stream and hydroisomerized in a hydroisomerization reactor to provide a hydroisomerized stream. All or a portion of a return stream taken from the hot separated vapor stream is recycled to the hydroisomerization reactor. The disclosed process and apparatus minimize the carryover of the normal C16 to the biofuel and maximizes the hydroisomerization of n-paraffin hydrocarbons in the hydrotreated effluent stream to produce a biofuel which meets the biofuel specification without affecting or compromising the biofuel yield.

A process and apparatus for producing biofuel from biorenewable feedstock is disclosed. The process comprises hydrotreating the biorenewable feed stream in a hydrotreating reactor to hydrodeoxygenate a biorenewable feed stream to provide a hydrotreated effluent stream. The hydrotreated effluent stream is separated in a hot separator into a hot separated vapor stream and a hot separated liquid stream. A hydroisomerization feed stream is taken from the hot separated liquid stream and hydroisomerized in a hydroisomerization reactor to provide a hydroisomerized stream. All or a portion of a return stream taken from the hot separated vapor stream is recycled to the hydroisomerization reactor. The disclosed process and apparatus minimize the carryover of the normal C16 to the biofuel and maximizes the hydroisomerization of n-paraffin hydrocarbons in the hydrotreated effluent stream to produce a biofuel which meets the biofuel specification without affecting or compromising the biofuel yield.

Provided is a continuous process for converting waste plastics to recycle for polyethylene polymerization. The process includes the steps of selecting a waste plastic comprising polyethylene and / or polypropylene, and preparing a blend of petroleum and the selected plastic. The amount of plastic in the blend comprises less than 20 wt% of the blend. The blend is passed to a refinery / hydrocracking unit. Liquefied petroleum gas C 3 -C 4 The olefin / paraffin mixture, and optionally naphtha, is recovered from the hydrocracking unit and passed to a steam cracker for ethylene production. A heavy fraction is also recovered from the hydrocracking unit and may be passed to an isomerization dewaxing unit to prepare base oil.

Provided is a continuous process for converting waste plastics to recycle for polypropylene polymerization. The process includes the steps of selecting waste plastics comprising polyethylene and / or polypropylene, and preparing a stable blend of petroleum and the selected plastics. The amount of plastics in the blend constitutes less than 20 wt% of the blend. The blend is passed to a refinery-hydrocracking unit. A liquefied petroleum gas C3 olefin / paraffin mixture is recovered from the hydrocracking unit. The C3 paraffins and C3 olefins are separated into different fractions, the C3 olefin fraction is passed to a propylene polymerization reactor, and the C3 paraffin fraction is optionally passed to a dehydrogenation unit to produce additional propylene. A heavy fraction is also recovered from the hydrocracking unit and can be passed to an isomerization dewaxing unit to prepare base oil.

A process for improving yield of kerosene and / or diesel from a renewable feedstock involves hydrotreating a renewable feedstock and hydroisomerizing the hydrotreated liquid. The isomerized effluent is separated to produce an offgas stream, at least one fuel stream having a desired boiling point range, and a heavy fraction having a boiling point greater than the desired boiling point range. The heavy fraction is passed to a hydrocracking zone to produce a hydrocracked effluent. The hydro-cracked effluent is passed to the hydroisomerization zone.

The present invention relates to a method for reducing deactivation of a hydrotreatment catalyst. The hydrotreatment catalyst is used as a main active catalyst for producing renewable hydrocarbons by hydrotreatment from a renewable feedstock which comprises at least an oxygen containing compound, at least one metal containing compound and at least one phosphorus containing compound as impurities. The method comprising adjusting the metal to phosphorus (M:P) weight ratio of the renewable feedstock to a value within the range from 0.70 to 1.26, measured as elemental metal and elemental phosphorus, subjecting the obtained feedstock to a temperature of from 190 to 400° C. under reducing conditions, thereby forming a solid precipitate comprising at least one metal and phosphorus containing compound, and contacting the obtained liquid renewable feedstock with the main active catalyst, in the presence of hydrogen.

The present invention aims to provide a method and an apparatus for producing biojet fuel that can efficiently and stably produce biojet fuel using biomass such as sewage sludge and organic waste. [Solution] The present invention provides a method for producing biojet fuel, which includes a carbonization process for carbonizing biomass such as sewage sludge and organic waste to produce a carbonized product, a reformed-gasification process for gasifying the carbonized product with steam and carbon dioxide to produce a reformed gas, an olefin production process for contacting the reformed gas with a methanol synthesis catalyst and a mesoporous catalyst to produce olefins having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, an oligomerization reaction process for oligomerizing the olefins to produce iso-oligomers having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, a hydrogenation process for hydrogenating the iso-oligomers to produce a biojet fuel containing isoparaffin, and a process for separating and recovering metal-containing residue generated in the reformed-gasification process and mixing it with the biomass.

Provided is a continuous process for converting waste plastics to recycle for polyethylene polymerization. The process includes the steps of selecting waste plastics comprising polyethylene and / or polypropylene, and preparing a stable blend of petroleum and the selected plastic. The amount of plastic in the blend constitutes less than 20 wt% of the blend. The blend is passed to a refinery-crude unit. A liquefied petroleum gas C3-C4 olefin / paraffin mixture, and optionally a naphtha stream, are recovered from the crude unit and passed to a steam cracker for ethylene production. The product stream from the crude unit can also be passed to a hydrocracking unit, and the recovered heavy fraction can then be passed to an isomerization dewaxing unit to prepare base oil.

A process for the production of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) with low carbon intensity. The jet fuel is produced from the reaction of hydrogen from the electrolysis of water with captured carbon dioxide. The hydrogen and carbon dioxide are reacted to product a stream comprising carbon monoxide. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide are reacted to produce n-alkanes. Alkanes are hydroisomerized to produce sustainable aviation fuel with low carbon intensity.

Methods and systems for converting a renewable fuel intermediate composition to finished transportation fuel are provided herein. In some examples, a renewable fuel intermediate composition is flowed over a first catalyst in a first reaction zone to generate a saturated, hydrodeoxygenated product. A liquid portion of the renewable fuel intermediate composition may be characterized as having more than about 70 wt % of the oxygen being within ketone groups. The saturated, hydrodeoxygenated product may be flowed over a second fixed-bed catalyst in a second reaction zone to generate a product including the finished transportation fuel.

A method of recycling waste lubricant. The method includes providing a waste lubricant-derived oil fraction, pretreating the waste lubricant-derived oil fraction, and hydrocracking the pretreated waste lubricant-derived oil fraction. The method has economic advantages in that waste lubricant can be recycled into fuel oil and high-grade lube base oil with a relatively high yield compared to a lube base oil manufacturing process utilizing only unconverted oil as a feedstock.

Processes and facilities for producing a recycled content organic chemical compound directly or indirectly from waste plastic. Processing schemes are described herein for converting waste plastic (or hydrocarbon having recycled content derived from waste plastic) into useful intermediate chemicals and final products. The waste plastic can be liquified before being introduced to downstream processing. In some aspects, recycled content aromatics (r-aromatics) can be processed to provide recycled content paraxylene (r-paraxylene), which can then be used to provide recycled content terephthalic acid (r-TPA) and / or recycled content polyethylene terephthalate (r-PET).

A process for producing renewable hydrocarbons from biomass is provided.

Provided is a continuous process for converting waste plastics to recycle for polypropylene polymerization. The process includes the steps of selecting waste plastics comprising polyethylene and / or polypropylene, and preparing a stable blend of petroleum and the selected plastics. The amount of plastics in the blend constitutes less than 20 wt% of the blend. The blend is passed to a refinery-crude unit. A liquefied petroleum gas C3 olefin / paraffin mixture is recovered from the refinery-crude unit. The C3 paraffins and C3 olefins are separated into different fractions, the C3 olefin fraction is passed to a propylene polymerization reactor, and the C3 paraffin fraction is passed to a dehydrogenation unit to produce additional propylene. The product stream from the crude unit can also be passed to a hydrocracking unit, and the recovered heavy fraction can then be passed to an isomerization dewaxing unit to prepare base oil.

The present invention relates to a method and a system for producing aviation fuel. This method comprises the steps of: preparing FT synthetic oil as a feed; introducing the feed into a first distillation column for separating the feed into a plurality of fractions including an aviation fuel boiling point range fraction and an aviation fuel boiling point range exceeding fraction; introducing the aviation fuel boiling point range exceeding fraction into an HCK reactor to produce an HCK reaction product; recycling at least a portion of the HCK reaction product into the first distillation column; introducing the aviation fuel boiling point range fraction into an HDI reactor to produce an HDI reaction product; and recovering aviation fuel from the HDI reaction product.

The invention provides processes for the production of hydrocarbons from a biorenewable feedstock blended with a mineral feedstock comprises hydrotreating to remove heteroatoms and saturate olefins. The carbon monoxide is not fed to the downstream hydroisomerization reactor but supplanted with a hydrogen gas with a low concentration of carbon monoxide so as not to poison the hydroisomerization catalyst to improve the cold flow properties for a diesel fuel.

Provided is a continuous process for converting waste plastic into recycle for polypropylene polymerization. The process comprises selecting waste plastics containing polyethylene and / or polypropylene and preparing a stable blend of petroleum and the selected plastic. The amount of plastic in the blend comprises no more than 20 wt. % of the blend. The blend is passed to a refinery hydrocracking unit. A liquid petroleum gas C3 olefin / paraffin mixture is recovered from the hydrocracking unit. The C3 paraffins and C3 olefins are separated into different fractions with the C3 olefin fraction passed to a propylene polymerization reactor, and the C3 paraffin fraction passed optionally to a dehydrogenation unit to produce additional propylene. A heavy fraction can also be recovered from the hydrocracking unit and passed to an isomerization dewaxing unit to prepare base oil.

The present invention relates to a method of preparing pyrolysis oil from waste plastics, the method including: (A) preparing a waste plastic raw material; (B) supplying the waste plastic raw material through a lower portion of a reaction distillation tower and performing pyrolysis to produce pyrolysis gas; (C) supplying a hydrogen donor stream through an upper portion of the reaction distillation tower and reacting the hydrogen donor stream with the pyrolysis gas; and (D) discharging the pyrolysis gas reacted with the hydrogen donor stream through the upper portion and condensing the discharged pyrolysis gas to obtain liquid oil.

A process for producing a sustainable aviation fuel component is described, wherein the process comprises two integrated sub-processes A and B. The sub-processes A comprises providing a renewable feedstock comprising triglycerides, hydrolyzing the triglycerides into free fatty acids which are subjected to a hydrocracking to produce a first hydrocarbon intermediate A. In the sub-processes B of the integrated process, any light hydrocarbons, oxygenates and glycerol released in the sub-processes A are refined into further hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon intermediate B, which together with hydrocarbon intermediate A are isomerized and a sustainable aviation fuel or sustainable aviation fuel component is provided.

The present invention relates to a method for reducing deactivation of a hydrotreatment catalyst. The hydrotreatment catalyst is used as a main active catalyst for producing renewable hydrocarbons by hydrotreatment from a renewable feedstock which comprises at least an oxygen containing compound, at least one metal containing compound and at least one phosphorus containing compound as impurities. The method comprising adjusting the metal to phosphorus (M:P) weight ratio of the renewable feedstock to a value within the range from 0.70 to 1.26, measured as elemental metal and elemental phosphorus, subjecting the obtained feedstock to a temperature of from 190 to 400° C. under reducing conditions, thereby forming a solid precipitate comprising at least one metal and phosphorus containing compound, and contacting the obtained liquid renewable feedstock with the main active catalyst, in the presence of hydrogen.

To provide a reforming catalyst and a process for reforming methane and / or other hydrocarbons to produce a synthesis gas product comprising H2 and CO, with further downstream conversion to liquid hydrocarbons.SOLUTION: A process for producing C4+ hydrocarbons comprises the steps of: (a) bringing a gaseous mixture comprising methane and an oxidant into contact with a reforming catalyst in a reforming stage to produce a synthesis gas product; (b) converting H2 and CO in the synthesis gas product into hydrocarbons containing the C4+ hydrocarbons, which are supplied as Fischer-Tropsch (FT) products to a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reactor; and (c) supplying the FT product containing the C4+ hydrocarbons to a finishing reactor to convert at least about 75% of the wax fraction's normal C20+ hydrocarbons into C4-C19 hydrocarbons.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Provided herein are renewable hydrocarbon compositions comprising n-paraffins and isoparaffins wherein the total amount of any C8-C16 isoparaffins is from 50 to 94 wt% of the total weight of the hydrocarbon composition, the hydrocarbon composition has a kinematic viscosity of from 3.7 to 8 mm2 / s at-20 DEG C, and the weighted average carbon number of the hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon composition is from 12.1 to 14.2.

Processes and systems for the production of heavy isoparaffinic hydrocarbons include feeding hydrogen and a mixed isoolefin stream, including C8-C12 olefins, isoolefins, and oligomers, and C8-C12+ hydrogenated hydrocarbons to a trickle-bed reactor system. The hydrogen and mixed isoolefin are reacted over a hydrogenation catalyst, producing a liquid effluent comprising hydrogenated hydrocarbons and unreacted olefins and oligomers, and a vapor effluent comprising hydrogenated hydrocarbons, hydrogen and unreacted olefins and oligomers. The liquid effluent is fed to a first heat exchanger, producing a cooled liquid effluent stream, which is combined with the vapor effluent, producing a mixed phase effluent. The mixed phase effluent is cooled in a second heat exchanger, producing a partially condensed effluent, which is fed to a drum, producing a vent stream, a hydrogenated product stream having greater than 95 wt % C8-C12 saturated hydrocarbons, and a hydrogenated recycle stream. The hydrogenated product stream may be provided to downstream blending systems.

A hydrocarbon isomerization system for an iC4 feed stream that provides for removal of C3s from an isomerization reactor feed stream by the addition of a depropanizer column to remove C3s from the reactor effluent stream after it has passed through a stabilizer column. This configuration prevents a buildup of C3s in the system and provides significant savings by reducing the size of the chloride treaters that are used to remove chlorides from off gas, increasing chlorides recovered to the hydrocarbon feed stream for use in combination with the isomerization catalyst. Significant utility savings are provided as well as a reduction in the amount of perchloroethane (PERC) and adsorbent that are required.

The present invention relates to a method for treating a feedstock comprising pyrolysis oil from plastics and / or tires and / or solid recovered fuels containing halogenated compounds, said method comprising: a) a hydrotreating step to obtain a partially hydrotreated effluent having a reduced content of halogenated compounds; b) a separation step in which the hydrotreated effluent from step a) and an aqueous solution are fed to obtain a gaseous effluent, an aqueous effluent and a partially hydrotreated hydrocarbon effluent; and c) a step of fluidized bed catalytic cracking or hydrotreating of a petroleum feedstock and / or a feedstock resulting from biomass conversion, in which the partially hydrotreated hydrocarbon effluent is introduced as a co-feed without a prior separate hydrotreatment step at higher temperature and / or pressure, and the mixture of petroleum and / or biomass feedstock and the partially hydrotreated hydrocarbon effluent has a halogenated compound content of 10 ppm or less by weight.

Disclosed is a catalyst for hydrogenating aromatic compounds obtainable by a process comprising at least the following steps: a) contacting an alumina support with at least one organic additive; b) contacting the alumina support with at least one nickel metal salt, the melting temperature of which is between 20°C and 150°C; c) heating the solid mixture obtained at the end of steps a) and b) with stirring; d) drying the catalyst precursor at the end of step c); and e) performing a heat treatment step on the dried catalyst precursor obtained at the end of step d).

Systems and methods are provided for reducing hydrogen consumption during deoxygenation of bio-derived (or at least partially bio-derived) feedstocks. The reduced hydrogen consumption is achieved by performing the deoxygenation in the presence of a bulk multimetallic catalyst and / or in the presence of a base metal dewaxing catalyst having reduced metal stack heights. Additionally, due in part to being able to reduce or minimize hydrogen consumption, the heat release during deoxygenation can also be reduced, thus allowing a smaller catalyst volume to perform deoxygenation.