1084 results about "Reactive distillation" patented technology

A method is disclosed for the recovery of an organic acid from a dilute salt solution in which the cation of the salt forms an insoluble carbonate salt. An amine and CO₂ are introduced to the solution to form the insoluble carbonate salt and a complex between the acid and the amine. The acid/amine complex is thermally dissociated, or “cracked”, in the presence of a water immiscible solvent in which the amine is selectively soluble and in which the acid is not appreciably soluble. The organic acid may then be recovered from the water by any suitable means such as distillation, reactive distillation, extraction, or reactive extraction.

Production of ester-based fuels such as biodiesel or jet fuel from renewable starting materials such as lignocellulosic material or algae is disclosed. Pulping and saccharification of the renewable starting materials produces carboxylic acids such as fatty acids or rosin acids, which are esterified via a gas sparged, slurry form of heterogeneous reactive distillation to yield ester-based fuels.

A system and process to provide integrated control for the pyrolytic composition of organic (biomass) waste products especially for municipal solid waste systems. The system includes integrated control that monitors biomass waste stream throughout the entire system and the products produced therefrom and includes presorting, controlling the amount of material processed in a continuous manner, shredding, removing moisture in a continuous process that is controlled and providing the waste stream to the distillation unit for pyrolytic action where it is converted into gaseous fuel and a char residue. The gaseous fuel is scrubbed clean and monitored and stored and reused to provide heat to the system. The entire system may be self-sustaining and continuous with very little or no human intervention. An integrated real time computer control system includes sensors and measuring devices with all the major components to ensure integrated efficiency.

A process for producing organic acid esters using continuous countercurrent reactive distillation using acid catalysts in a structured packing in a single column (10) is described. In the reactive distillation an organic acid ester is formed by chemical reaction and can be purified to its final state within the single column. Organic acid esters are produced at relatively low cost, with less waste production, and in a less complicated manner than prior processes. Organic acid ester have uses as solvents, as intermediate chemicals, and in consumer products.

A process for producing organic acid di- or tri-esters, particularly citric acid tri-esters, with the available acid groups esterified using countercurrent reactive distillation using acid catalysts in a structured packing is described. In the reactive distillation an organic acid di- or tri-ester is formed by chemical reaction and purified to its final state within the single column. Organic acid di- or tri-esters are produced at relatively low cost, with less waste production in by-products of the reaction, and in a less complicated manner than prior processes. Organic acid di- and tri-esters have uses as solvents, as plasticizers and in conversion products.

The invention relates to a production method for ultra-low sulfur and high-octane number gasoline. The method comprises the following steps of: filling a poor-quality full range gasoline raw material in a reaction distillation column to contact the material with a sulfoether catalyst to perform a sulfur ether reaction and fraction cutting so that low-boiling point sulfides, such as thiol and thiophene, are converted into high-boiling point sulfoether which is then transferred into heavy fraction gasoline, wherein the cutting fractionation temperature of light fraction gasoline and the heavy fraction gasoline is 50 to 90 DEG C; contacting the light fraction gasoline with a hydrocarbon highly branched isomerization catalyst; contacting the heavy fraction gasoline with a selective hydrodesulfurization catalyst and a desulfurization-hydrocarbon isomerization/aromatization catalyst; and mixing the treated light fraction gasoline and the heavy fraction gasoline to obtain the ultra-low sulfur and high-octane number gasoline. The method is suitable for modifying poor-quality gasoline, can reach better desulfurization and olefin reduction effects on ultra-high sulfur and high-olefin poor-quality catalytic gasoline, and can maintain or increase the octane number of the product and keep a higher product yield after reaction.

A system and method for the conversion of free fatty acids to glycerides and the subsequent conversion of glycerides to glycerin and biodiesel includes the transesterification of a glyceride stream with an alcohol. The fatty acid alkyl esters are separated from the glycerin to produce a first liquid phase containing a fatty acid alkyl ester rich (concentrated) stream and a second liquid phase containing a glycerin rich (concentrated) stream. The fatty acid alkyl ester rich stream is then subjected to distillation, preferably reactive distillation, wherein the stream undergoes both physical separation and chemical reaction. The fatty acid alkyl ester rich stream is then purified to produce a purified biodiesel product and a glyceride rich residue stream. The glycerin rich second liquid phase stream may further be purified to produce a purified glycerin product and a (second) wet alcohol stream. Neutralization of the alkaline stream, formed during the alkali-catalyzed transesterfication process, may proceed by the addition of a mineral or an organic acid.

A process for producing epoxides, the process including: (a) feeding at least one aqueous alkali and at least one halohydrin to a reactive distillation column, wherein the reactive distillation column includes a feed zone, a top zone disposed above the feed zone, and a bottom zone disposed below the feed zone; (b) concurrently in the reactive distillation column: (i) reacting at least a portion of the halohydrin with the alkali to form an epoxide; and (ii) stripping water and the epoxide from a basic aqueous residue; (c) recovering the water and the epoxide from the reactive distillation column as an overheads fraction; (d) condensing and phase separating the overheads fraction to form an organic overheads fraction including the epoxide and an aqueous overheads fraction including water; and (e) maintaining a liquid holdup per plate in the feed zone at a residence time of 10 seconds or less.

The invention relates to a synthetic process of a chemical substance, and particularly relates to a synthetic method for synthesizing (E)-2-[2-(6-chloro pyrimidine-4-yloxy)phenyl]-3-methoxy methacrylate and azoxystrobin; the method comprises the following steps: mixing a raw material of 3-(alpha-methoxy)methylene benzofuran-2-(3H)-ketone and potassium carbonate in a toluene solvent, cooling to 0-10 DEG C, adding sodium methoxide, reacting for 0.4-0.6 hours; adding 4,6-dichloropyrimidine and a catalyst of DABCO, reacting for 1-2 hours, filtering to remove inorganic salts, washing the filtrate with water, performing distillation to recover toluene; adding a catalyst of potassium bisulfate into the distillation residues of the above reaction, heating to 132-145 DEG C in a reduced-pressure condition for reaction; directly adding salicylonitrile to synthesize azoxystrobin or performing toluene dissolution, water washing, solvent recovery, recrystallization and filtration to obtain an intermediate. The production and synthesis of (E)-2-[2-(6-chloro pyrimidine-4-yloxy)phenyl]-3-methoxy methacrylate by the production process of the invention has high yield, and simple operations, and the used raw materials and processes are routine reagents and methods.

The invention discloses a low eutectic solvent for aromatic hydrocarbon separation. The low eutectic solvent is obtained by mixing hydrogen bond receptors and hydrogen bond donors according to a certain ratio (the molar ratio of 1: 1 to 1:10), and stirring till being in a uniform transparent state at 70-100 DEG C. The low eutectic solvent is low in toxicity, environment-friendly and high in efficiency, and can be applied to the process of separating aromatic hydrocarbons from non-aromatic hydrocarbons in coal tar and petroleum oil.

A system and method for the conversion of free fatty acids to glycerides and the subsequent conversion of glycerides to glycerin and biodiesel includes the transesterification of a glyceride stream with an alcohol. The fatty acid alkyl esters are separated from the glycerin to produce a first liquid phase containing a fatty acid alkyl ester rich (concentrated) stream and a second liquid phase containing a glycerin rich (concentrated) stream. The fatty acid alkyl ester rich stream is then subjected to distillation, preferably reactive distillation, wherein the stream undergoes both physical separation and chemical reaction. The fatty acid alkyl ester rich stream is then purified to produce a purified biodiesel product and a glyceride rich residue stream. Biodiesel may be further recovered from the glyceride rich residue stream, by further separation of and/or processing of glycerides/free fatty acids contained therein. The glycerin rich second liquid phase stream may further be purified to produce a purified glycerin product and a (second) wet alcohol stream. Neutralization of the alkaline stream, formed during the alkali-catalyzed transesterification process, may proceed by the addition of a mineral or an organic acid.

The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing alkyl polycarboxylates from an aqueous solution of an ammonium salt of the polycarboxylic acid by reactive distillation, and to a process for hydrogenating the alkyl carboxylates prepared in this way.

The invention discloses a method for preparing o-phenylenediamine by catalytic hydrogenation of o-nitrophenylamine. The method is characterized in that: in the hydrogenation reaction of o-nitrophenylamine, alcohol is used as a solvent, nickel is used as a catalyst, reduction reaction is performed for 2 to 10 hours under the hydrogen pressure of 1.0 to 6 MPa at the temperature of between 40 and 80 DEG C, and the reaction product is rectified to form the while o-phenylenediamine. The method has the advantages that the alcohol is used as the solvent in the catalytic hydrogenation for producing o-phenylenediamine, the alcohol can be reclaimed and directly used for next reaction, and the waste residue produced by distillation can be used as an organic fuel, so that the problem that a large amount of waste water containing organic substances is produced in reduction of iron powder or sodium sulfide in the conventional process is solved; and thick acid and thick alkali used in the conventional process are avoided in the hydrogenation process, so that corrosion of equipment is greatly reduced, pollution is reduced, and almost zero pollution is realized. In addition, compared with the conventional iron powder or sodium sulfide reduction, the catalytic hydrogenation process has the advantages of low pollution, high yield, high quality, short production period and low energy consumption.

A process is provided for the production of xylenes from reformate by reactive distillation. The process is carried out by methylating the benzene/toluene present in the reformate in a reactive distillation zone and under reactive distillation conditions to produce a resulting product having a higher xylenes content than the reformate. Greater than equilibrium amounts of para-xylene can be produced by the process.

A transesterification process of methyl acetate is provided. The process comprises: (a) performing a first reactive distillation of a methyl acetate solution and a first alcohol to generate a first ester and a first mixture; (b) performing a first distillation of a first part of the first mixture to generate a second mixture; and (c) performing a second reactive distillation of a first part of the second mixture and a second alcohol to generate a second ester; wherein the respective one of the first and second alcohols is a limiting reagent. The transesterification process provided in the present invention could highly reduce the investing production cost of the transesterification of the by-product, methyl acetate, in the conventional polyvinyl alcohol plants.

A method and apparatus for stimulating producing strata in oil or gas wells. The formation is penetrated using shaped charges, and an oxygen-rich material then is introduced into the producing formation. Thus, oxygen is available within the formation to sustain an explosive reaction with the existing formation hydrocarbons acting as fuel. This explosive reaction will cause fracturing of the formation and will counteract plugging that often results from the use of conventional shaped charges. In one embodiment, a container encloses shaped charges surrounded by oxygen-rich material. Alternately, the oxygen can be a part of the shaped charge and projected into the formation with the shaped charge to accomplish the same results. Still further, oxygen-rich material can be pumped into the well in bulk in a liquid or paste form.

The invention relates to a technique for coproduction of dimethyl carbonate and propylene glycol, in particular to a novel technique for purifying high-quality propylene glycol in the production process of dimethyl carbonate. The technical scheme includes the steps of reactive distillation, extractive distillation, separation of the dimethyl carbonate, the recovery and refining of carbinol, primary carbonization, first filtration of sodium carbonate crystals and refining of the propylene glycol. The invention solves the problem of low recovery rate of the propylene glycol, and the recovery rate of the propylene glycol can be above 95%. Meanwhile, the propylene glycol has more stable quality, with the purity reaching 99.99% and the chroma less than 10, thereby the propylene glycol totally meets the requirements for medical auxiliary material, daily cosmetics, top grade unsaturated resin and polyether. Meanwhile, the purity of the byproduct dipropylene glycol can be above 99.50%, thus improving the benefit of the equipment.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a specific industrially useful process that enables a high-purity diaryl carbonate having low contents of intermediate boiling point and high boiling point impurities as required for producing a high-quality and high-performance polycarbonate to be produced stably for a prolonged period of time using as a starting material a reaction mixture containing an alkyl aryl carbonate obtained through a transesterification reaction between a dialkyl carbonate and an aromatic monohydroxy compound. There have been various proposals regarding processes for the production of reaction mixtures containing aromatic carbonates by means of a reactive distillation method. The present inventors have now carried out studies aimed at discovering a specific process enabling a high-purity diaryl carbonate that can be used as a raw material of a high-quality and high-performance polycarbonate to be continuously produced stably for a prolonged period of time from such a reaction mixture. As a result, the present inventors have reached to the present invention after discovering that the above object can be attained through a process in which separation by distillation is carried out using three distillation columns in a specified order. Moreover, the present inventors have discovered that it is particularly preferable if a reactive distillation column and the three distillation columns, each of which has a specified structure, and the three distillation columns are each operated under specified distillation conditions.

The invention discloses an apparatus and a process for destructive distillation and cracking of biomass, belonging to the technical field of industrial processing apparatus structures and processes for mechanical products. The apparatus comprises an input part, a reaction vessel part, a control part and a processing output part. Self-balancing of energy in the process of production is realized through utilization of the destructive distillation and cracking process for biological garbage. According to the invention, the destructive distillation and cracking process for biomass has the advantages of short process flow, little equipment and low energy consumption, and the apparatus has the advantages of safe and convenient operation, easy maintenance and repair, etc.

The invention discloses a process for industrially producing carbon, gas, oil and electricity through biomass energy forming and destructive distillation. The process comprises the following steps of: raw material pretreatment: crushing raw materials; forming: pressing the crushed raw materials into formed particles in a certain shape; drying: controlling the moisture content in the formed particles at 3%-5%; destructive distillation: thermo-chemically converting the dried formed particles into granular carbon, gas and liquid under the condition of air isolation or in the presence of little air; acid washing: performing acid washing on the gas produced through the destructive distillation; cooling and separation: cooling the acid-washed gas and performing gas-liquid separation on the gas and the condensed liquid, and then performing wood tar-pyroligneous separation on the cooled liquid; and alkali washing: performing alkali washing on the cooled gas. The process is capable of converting the biomass raw materials into high-grade good-quality fuels and industrial raw materials.

Methanol is produced from bacterially oxidized waste methane by reaction with Pd⁺², Cu₊₂ air, and molten phthalic anhydride in an entrained oxidizer generating half ester of methyl phthalate which is reaction distilled to prodtice methanol and recycle phthalic anliydride containing the Pd⁺²,Cu⁺² phthalate catalyst.

The combination multi-effect distillation and multi-stage flash evaporation system integrates a multi-stage flash (MSF) evaporation system with a multi-effect distillation (MED) system such that the flashing temperature range of the MSF process is shifted upward on the temperature scale, while the MED distillation process operates in the lower temperature range. The multi-stage flash evaporation system includes a plurality of flash evaporation/condensation stages, such that the multi-stage flash evaporation system receives a volume of seawater or brine from an external source and produces distilled water. The multi-effect distillation system includes a plurality of condensation/evaporation effects, such that the multi-effect distillation system receives concentrated brine from the multi-stage flash desalination system and produces distilled water.

The refers to a mass production method of isobutyl acetate which uses hydric sulphate as accelerant by reaction fractional distillation, using ethyl acetate and butyl alcohol as raw material, concentrated sulfuric acid as accelerant, continue producing isobutyl acetate by reaction fractional distillation, the whole production system contains three towers, reaction fractionating tower, azeotropy tower and eater fractionating tower, the reaction fractionating tower, azeotropy tower are setted side by side. The ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol and concentrated sulfuric acid are drived into feeder column plate of reaction fractionating tower after esterification prereaction, the gas phase of prereactor going into feeding phase of reaction fractionating tower, the gas phase on top of reaction fractionating tower going into column plate of cellar of azeotropy towder, the liquid phase of towder bottom going into mesomere of eater fractionating tower, the butyl product is continue discharged from side tower. This invention combines the technique which using sulfuric as accelerant by mean improvement of reaction fractional distillation technique, not only ustilizing the advanced technology of reaction fractional distillation, but also making the liquid accelerant's characters of convenience to operate, easy to enlarge production scale getted adequate use.

Systems and methods for producing gas-to-liquids products using reactive distillation are provided. The method for producing gas-to-liquids products can include reacting a feedstock in a column having a distillation zone and a reaction zone to provide a bottoms stream and an overhead stream. A first portion of the overhead stream can be recycled to the column at the top of the reaction zone and second portion of the overhead stream can be recycled to the column at the bottom of the reaction zone.