791 results about "Fractional distillation" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for hydrotreatment of continuous liquid-phase wax oil. Wax oil raw oil, an effluent from a reactor and hydrogen are mixed in mixers to form a mixture, hydrogen can be dissolved in hydrocarbon oil in a form of bubbles by virtue of hydrogen distributors arranged inside the mixers, the amount of hydrogen is higher than the saturated solubility of liquid or the total hydrogen consumption, a plurality of bed layers are arranged in the reactor, the mixers are arranged among the bed layers, the mixture and fresh hydrogen or a mixture of hydrogen and partial reaction products are mixed again, a partial effluent from the reactor is partially circulated and a partial effluent is subjected to cooling, separating and fractional distillation to obtain the product. By the method, the problems that reaction process is difficult to process due to the limitation on the solubility of hydrogen in the hydrocarbon oil and the chemical hydrogen consumption is relatively high are solved and the adaptability of raw oil is expanded and furthermore, under the condition of relatively low circulation ratio, low-sulfur refined wax oil can be produced to provide high-quality feedstock for catalytic cracking.

A trans free non hydrogenated high C-16 type palm fat suitable for the manufacture of trans free non hydrogenated hard structural fat that is being suitable for use in the manufacture of low SAFA (Saturated Fatty Acid) poly/mono unsaturated margarine and spreads and shortening and fat blends incorporating such hard Structural fat. The Structural fat is made from selectively fractionated non-hydrogenated high melting palm oil fraction with a C-16 fatty acid residue of at least 70%, which is subjected to chemical random interesterification using alkaline metal catalyst such as sodium methoxide/sodium methylate, with a dry fractionated non hydrogenated hard palm kernel stearin fraction. The structural fat that is produced has high yield ratios that can be economically and commercially incorporated in the oil blends for the manufacture of trans free margarine/spreads/shortening as well as other plastic W/O emulsions. Also described is a process for the manufacturing such structural fat as well as hard palm fraction including process for the manufacture of extra hard trans free structural fat by panning and pressing of above structural fat.

Dividing wall fractional distillation columns and methods of operating these columns with greater flexibility, especially in terms of the ability to adjust the composition of the heartcut, intermediate or sidecut product fraction, are described. In particular, this composition may be advantageously “biased” toward higher or lower molecular weight components, depending on operating needs. Changes in feedstock composition may also be managed more effectively. These benefits are obtained by varying the flow rate of vapor and liquid to each side of the dividing wall. The vapor flowrate rising from an undivided portion of the column interior below the dividing wall is varied to the feed and/or product sections on opposite sides of the dividing wall. Also, the liquid flowrate falling from an undivided portion of the column interior above the dividing wall is varied to the feed and/or product sections on opposite sides of the dividing wall.

The invention discloses a waste fluid oil hydrogenation reclaiming method, which comprises the following steps: choosing the waste fluid oil as raw material; dewatering; filtering; proceeding adsorption procession; stripping moisture, mechanical impurity, colloid, asphaltene and most of heavy metal impurities; proceeding pre-hydrofining in the reactor with preservative; further-stripping impurity; leading the waste fluid oil into hydrogenation primary reactor; realizing hydrofining under the function of hydrogenation catalyst; making the non-ideal component of raw oil hydrogenation saturation; getting product yield; proceeding fractional distillation and cutting. This invention possesses merits of convenient operation and clean environment, which can make the reclaiming ratio reach above 90%.

A method of separating CO₂ from a hydrocarbon gas inlet stream that is within predetermined pressure and temperature ranges, including the steps of subjecting the inlet stream to fractional distillation providing a CO₂ bottom product stream and a distillation overhead stream, passing the distillation overhead stream to the inlet of a primary reflux drum producing a primary reflux liquid stream and a hydrocarbon vapor stream, subjecting the hydrocarbon vapor stream to membrane separation to provide a hydrocarbon product stream and a permeate stream, compressing the permeate stream and recycling the compressed permeate stream to the inlet of the primary reflux drum thereby providing a CO₂ liquid product and a hydrocarbon gas product.

A process for the production of propylene from the metathesis of ethylene and 2-butene is disclosed wherein a mixed C₄ stream is first treated to enrich and separate the 2-butene from 1-butene and isobutene by isomerization of 1-butene and concurrent fractional distillation of the 2-butene and isobutene to provide the 2-butene feed the metathesis with ethylene. In addition the mixed C₄ stream may be treated to remove mercaptans and dienes prior to 2-butene enrichment.

This kind of system separating air and recovering cold energy of liquefied natural gas at least includes an air separator mainly consisting of a fractionating tower and at least includes an equipment for recovering cold energy of liquefied natural gas mainly consisting of an liquefied natural gas heat exchanger, which still includes main heat exchanger, liquid-oxygen heat exchanger and liquid-nitrogen liquid air subcooler; nitrogen drawing out from the underpart of the upper column on the fractionating tower passes through liquid-nitrogen liquid air subcooler and reheated by main heat exchanger, and enters into liquefied-natural-gas heat exchanger to precool and exchange heat; the equipment recovering cold energy of liquefied natural gas at least includes air-liquid separator and liquid nitrogen subcooler, which is placed in a single ice chest II; while main heat exchanger, liquid-oxygen heat exchanger, liquid-nitrogen liquid air subcooler and fractionator consisting of the lower column, the upper column and main evaporator are placed in an ice chest I; it fully utilizes high-grade cooling capacity of liquefied natural gas, and makes energy consumption of air separator reduce notably and ensures it operate safely, and can get the great society and economy benefits.

This invention relates to a method for reducing the toxicity of a mixture of hydrocarbons by means of fractional distillation, a distillate having a reduced toxicity and a composition including the distillate.

A transesterification process of methyl acetate is provided. The process comprises: (a) performing a first reactive distillation of a methyl acetate solution and a first alcohol to generate a first ester and a first mixture; (b) performing a first distillation of a first part of the first mixture to generate a second mixture; and (c) performing a second reactive distillation of a first part of the second mixture and a second alcohol to generate a second ester; wherein the respective one of the first and second alcohols is a limiting reagent. The transesterification process provided in the present invention could highly reduce the investing production cost of the transesterification of the by-product, methyl acetate, in the conventional polyvinyl alcohol plants.

The invention relates to a dimethyl carbonate and ethylene glycol production process which is characterized in that the process comprises the following five steps: (a) the carbonylation step for production of ethylene carbonate by catalysis of reaction of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide by use of an ionic liquid composite catalyst; (b) the step of alcoholysis for ester exchange reaction of the ionic liquid composite catalyst-containing ethylene carbonate solution of the step (a) and methanol in a reaction distillation tower and product separation; (c) the step of purification and refining of dimethyl carbonate from tower top condensate in the reaction distillation tower of the step (b); (d) the step of separation, transformation and refining of ethylene glycol from tower bottom liquid in the reaction distillation tower of the step (b); and (e) the step of circulation cycle of from the ionic liquid composite catalyst in the step (d) to the catalyst in the step (a). The process has the characteristics of high ethylene carbonate one-way conversion rate, simple process flow, small equipment investment, less waste emissions, low energy consumption and the like, and can make companies stronger in competitiveness.

The invention discloses a method of a two-stage hydrogenation treatment regeneration technology for full-fraction waste mineral oil. The method comprises the following steps: S1, a filtering treatmenttechnology unit; S2, a low-pressure hydrogenation reaction technology unit; S3, a high-pressure hydrogenation reaction/fractionation technology unit. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the waste mineral oil is not subjected to a pre-treatment process of traditional raw material separation technologies, such as water washing, flocculation, adsorption, extraction, decompression anddistillation (scraping membrane evaporation or molecular distillation), and a combined technology thereof and the like, and full fractions subjected to dehydration and filtering treatment are directly subjected to low-pressure hydrogenation treatment to remove colloid asphalt and impurities including heavy metal and non-metal chlorine, silicon, phosphorus and the like; then hydrogenation treatment including high-pressure hydrogenation refining, modification, aromatic removal and the like is carried out and fractional distillation is carried out to produce basic oil of high-grade III type lubricating oil. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the operation period of a high-pressure hydrogenation and fractionation device can be improved to 20 months or more; the yield of the basic oil of the lubricating oil of a full-fraction low-pressure hydrogenation technology can reach 85 to 95 percent.

The present invention relates to an electrophoresis apparatus comprising a gel chamber for receiving electrophoresis medium, a removable gel system, which is arranged in the gel chamber, having a separation gel for the electrophoretic separation of biological molecules such as nucleic acids or proteins, electric contact elements for generating an electric field through the separation gel, optionally a lid for fastening on the gel chamber, characterized in that the separation gel is delimited at least at one side by a spacer element which is in the form of a collector and comprises a plurality of sample collection containers, which are arranged one next to the other, for fractionating and for collecting the electrophoretically separated molecules. The invention further relates to a method for the electrophoretic separation and collection of biological molecules by way of a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

A catalytic cracking method including a downer reactor and a riser reactor connected with each other in series comprises the follow steps of: injecting preheated raw material oil in the downer reactor to contact a high-temperature regeneration catalyst from a regenerator, vaporizing and cracking, discharging the oil gas from the outlet of the downer reactor to the riser reactor, further reacting, introducing another regeneration catalyst from the inlet of the riser reactor, discharging the oil gas and the catalyst from the outlet of the riser reactor to a settlement separator to separate the oil gas, discharging the separated oil gas to a subsequent fractional distillation system, and stripping the used catalyst separated by the separator and regenerating the catalyst by burning in the regenerator, and circulating the regenerated catalyst to the reactor. According to the different target products, the method provided by the invention can adopt different catalysts and different operation conditions in the riser reactor and the downer reactor. The method can improve the yield of gasoline and improve the product quality.

The refers to a mass production method of isobutyl acetate which uses hydric sulphate as accelerant by reaction fractional distillation, using ethyl acetate and butyl alcohol as raw material, concentrated sulfuric acid as accelerant, continue producing isobutyl acetate by reaction fractional distillation, the whole production system contains three towers, reaction fractionating tower, azeotropy tower and eater fractionating tower, the reaction fractionating tower, azeotropy tower are setted side by side. The ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol and concentrated sulfuric acid are drived into feeder column plate of reaction fractionating tower after esterification prereaction, the gas phase of prereactor going into feeding phase of reaction fractionating tower, the gas phase on top of reaction fractionating tower going into column plate of cellar of azeotropy towder, the liquid phase of towder bottom going into mesomere of eater fractionating tower, the butyl product is continue discharged from side tower. This invention combines the technique which using sulfuric as accelerant by mean improvement of reaction fractional distillation technique, not only ustilizing the advanced technology of reaction fractional distillation, but also making the liquid accelerant's characters of convenience to operate, easy to enlarge production scale getted adequate use.

The invention provides a hydrocracking method for catalytic cracking diesel. According to the method, a mixture of the diesel material and hydrogen is in contact reaction with a hydrorefining catalyst in a hydrorefining reactor, liquid efflux from the hydrorefining reactor is not separated and then enters a hydrocracking reactor to be in contact and react with a hydrocracking catalyst, the reaction efflux from the hydrocracking reactor is subjected to separation and fractional distillation to obtain hydrogen-rich gas, then light naphtha fraction, gasoline fraction, recycle fraction and diesel fraction are performed, in the distillation range of the recycle fraction, the temperature is 190 DEG C to 300 DEG C, and the recycle fraction returns to an inlet of the hydrocracking reactor. The method provided by the invention improves the composition of feed hydrocarbon of the hydrocracking reaction region, and the yield and the octane value of the gasoline fraction are effectively increased.

Isobutene is prepared by dissociation of MTBE in the gas phase, by a) fractional distillation of an MTBE-containing stream comprising feed MTBE (I) and a recycle stream (VIII) to give an MTBE-containing overhead stream (II) and a bottom stream (III) having a boiling point higher than MTBE, b) catalytic dissociation of the overhead stream (II) obtained in step a) to give a dissociation product (IV), c) separation by distillation of the dissociation product (IV) obtained in step b) into an overhead stream (V) comprising more than 90% by mass of isobutene and a bottom stream (VI) comprising diisobutene, MTBE and more than 50% of the methanol present in the dissociation product (IV), d) fractional distillation of the bottom stream obtained in step c) under conditions under which the methanol is obtained as bottom product (VII) and more than 99% of the MTBE is obtained in the overhead product (VIII), and e) recirculation of the overhead product (VIII) to step a).

Systems and methods for producing gas-to-liquids products using reactive distillation are provided. The method for producing gas-to-liquids products can include reacting a feedstock in a column having a distillation zone and a reaction zone to provide a bottoms stream and an overhead stream. A first portion of the overhead stream can be recycled to the column at the top of the reaction zone and second portion of the overhead stream can be recycled to the column at the bottom of the reaction zone.

The invention discloses a method for processing ethylene tar. Aiming at the characteristic of high contents of colloid, asphaltene and carbon residue in the ethylene tar, the method comprises the following steps of: performing fractional distillation on the ethylene tar to obtain light and heavy fractions, and treating heavy fractions by adopting a solvent deasphalting method to obtain deasphalted oil and deoiled asphalt; and mixing the deasphalted oil, the light fraction of the ethylene oil and hot low-grade oil, and making the mixture pass through a hydrogenation protecting reaction area, a hydrogenation refining reaction area and a hydrocracking reaction area in turn to obtain hydrocracking crude oil, wherein partial hydrocracking crude oil is circulated and mixed with the deasphalted oil and the light fraction of the ethylene tar to enter the hydrogenation reaction areas, the rest hydrocracking crude oil is separated to form gasoline and diesel fractions, and the deoiled asphalt serves as a general carbon fiber asphalt material. By the method, the problem of high temperature rise of a hydrogenation reactor bed can be effectively solved, full fractions of the ethylene tar are fully utilized, and the added value of the ethylene tar is improved.