567 results about "Asphaltene" patented technology

A method for separating liquid-like (T2e) from solid-like (T2G) 1H NMR transverse relaxation times in porous media uses novel pulse sequences together with a 1H NMR spectrometer optimized for geological core samples. The method is applied to obtain 1D T2 distributions and 2D T1-T2 maps in organic-rich chalks for quantification of liquid-like signal (micropore fluids, meso-macropore fluids, fluids dissolved in organic matter, and clay-bound water) and solid-like signal (kerogen, bitumen, and clay hydroxyls). The novel pulse sequences comprise a solid-echo, which detects more solid-like signal than an FID. The method is used for fluid typing in micro / meso-macro pores, clay mineral identification, determination of kerogen content, and quantification of solvent-extracted bitumen versus bitumen expelled from kerogen due to swelling from dissolved hydrocarbons. The method is used to quantify the asphaltene, resin, aromatic, and / or saturate content of bitumen in the rock.

The disclosure provides a process for a hydrothermal feedstock treatment including direct steam injection and cooling, which may be performed in the absence of a reactor. The process can be used to reduce inorganic and organic contaminants, such as salts, minerals, metals, asphaltenes, polymers, and coke precursors in both renewable and non-renewable feedstocks.

The invention discloses high-temperature and high-pressure filtrate reducer sulfonated asphalt for drilling fluid and a preparation method of the high-temperature and high-pressure filtrate reducer sulfonated asphalt, and belongs to the technical field of filtrate reducers. A comb-shaped side chain is introduced into a benzene ring of SEBS, the benzene ring is endowed with a comb-shaped structure, the structure strongly interacts with sulfonated asphalt, asphalt dispersion is optimized, agglomeration is avoided, 5-(2-hydroxyethyl) uracil is introduced, the oleophylic and hydrophilic characteristics are balanced, the acting force between asphalt particles is reduced, the reaction efficiency and uniformity of asphalt and fuming sulfuric acid are improved, and the sulfonated asphalt is prepared. The dispersant promotes uniform dispersion of asphalt, accelerates sulfonation reaction and improves sulfonated asphalt quality. The surface activity of the modified SEBS and the sulfonated asphalt form a net structure, so that the water solubility of the asphalt is enhanced, the drilling fluid is convenient to blend, the liquid surface tension is reduced, and the bubble formation condition is destroyed. A quaternary ammonium salt group is introduced, a well wall is stabilized by utilizing an opposite attraction principle, clay hydrophobicity is promoted, hydration and expansion are inhibited, and collapse is prevented. The modified sulfonated asphalt is resistant to temperature and pressure, good in filtration resistance and stable in filtration control at high temperature and high pressure.

The invention discloses an asphaltene molecule nano-scale characteristic analysis method based on quantum chemistry calculation, which comprises the following steps: acquiring composition information of asphaltene components, and constructing a representative asphaltene molecule three-dimensional model containing a fused aromatic ring skeleton and an alkyl side chain; performing geometric configuration optimization on the representative asphaltene molecule three-dimensional model by adopting a quantum chemistry density functional theory method to obtain a stable configuration of the asphaltene molecule; determining key nano parameters of the asphaltene molecules according to the stable configuration of the asphaltene molecules; and associating the key nano-scale parameters of the asphaltene molecules with the macro-performance of the asphalt material, and establishing an asphalt performance association model. According to the method, the key parameters capable of representing the asphaltene microstructure and property are obtained, so that the understanding of the relationship between the asphaltene composition and the performance of the asphalt material is deepened, the performance of the asphalt material is evaluated from the molecular scale, and a new thought is provided for performance prediction and modification of the asphalt material.

The invention belongs to the field of petrochemical engineering high-end carbon materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a high-end carbon material raw material by supercritical extraction of oil slurry, and the method comprises the following specific preparation steps: S1, uniformly mixing the oil slurry with a diluting solvent, and performing countercurrent contact extraction with a main solvent in an asphalt extraction tower to obtain a byproduct asphalt; s2, continuously extracting the raffinate phase in an aromatic oil extraction tower to obtain aromatic oil; and S3, continuously extracting the raffinate phase in the supercritical light deoiling tower to obtain a byproduct alkane oil. In the extraction process, isopentane is selected as an extraction solvent, and the temperature and pressure of an extraction tower are accurately controlled, so that asphaltene, ash and other impurities in the asphalt are effectively stripped, 3-5 ring aromatic hydrocarbon in the asphalt is extracted into aromatic hydrocarbon oil, the yield of the asphalt is reduced to 6-9%, the yield of light oil and heavy oil is effectively improved, and the production cost is reduced. The needle coke prepared from the aromatic hydrocarbon oil obtained by the method disclosed by the invention can reach the standard of Japan water island X-grade coke.

The disclosure provides a process for a hydrothermal feedstock treatment including direct steam injection and cooling, which may be performed in the absence of a reactor. The process can be used to reduce inorganic and organic contaminants, such as salts, minerals, metals, asphaltenes, polymers, and coke precursors in both renewable and non-renewable feedstocks. The hydrothermal feedstock treatment may also be used in soap acidulation processes.

The invention relates to the technical field of road materials, in particular to an asphalt raw material for SBS polymer modified asphalt and modified asphalt. The asphalt raw material for the SBS polymer modified asphalt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9-16% of saturate; 43%-53% of aromatic component; 22%-28% of colloid; 9%-12% of asphaltene; the penetration of the asphalt raw material for the SBS polymer modified asphalt at 25 DEG C is 63-750.1 mm; the dynamic viscosity at 60 DEG C is less than or equal to 240 Pa.s; the penetration ratio is greater than or equal to 65%; the instability index of the colloid is 0.2-0.4; the weight-average molecular weight of the asphalt raw material for the SBS polymer modified asphalt is 1400 to 2200 g / mol. By optimizing the raw material components of the asphalt, the produced modified asphalt has better high-temperature performance, low-temperature performance, anti-aging performance and storage stability, the production efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Non-amorphous hard carbons are produced by treating a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising asphaltenes to increase its softening point and producing an asphaltenes-based precursor material, purifying asphaltenes from the precursor material, treating the asphaltenes to increase its softening point, and oxidizing and pyrolyzing the asphaltenes. The asphaltenes can be powdered or spun into fibers prior to oxidation and pyrolysis. The non-amorphous hard carbons can have an d002-spacing larger than 0.35 nm and a ratio of ID / IG in their Raman spectra greater than 1.0.

The application discloses a thickened oil viscosity reducer for a main viscosity contribution component of colloid and a preparation method thereof. The thickened oil viscosity reducer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: diethylene glycol methyl ether 25-35%, propylene glycol formate 15-25%, dispersant 5-8%, chelating agent 2-4%, anti-coking agent 0.5-1%, anti-swelling agent 1-2% and corrosion inhibitor 1-2%; and the balance is water. The application is a polar + non-aromatic hydrocarbon solvent system; completely avoids high-risk substances such as nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, petroleum sulfonate sodium and organic chlorine; is designed in pertinence and can effectively inhibit metal-induced asphaltene bridging; can withstand working conditions from normal temperature to 250 DEG C and up to 300 DEG C; thermal stability is significantly enhanced, and residual carbon after aging is lower than 8%; viscosity reduction efficiency is higher; the system is more stable, flexible in compounding and suitable for field construction.

The invention discloses a solvent deasphalting extraction tower, which comprises a tower body, which is internally provided with a heating settling section, an extraction section and a deoiled asphalt collection area in sequence from top to bottom; an inner cylinder is arranged in the tower body, an annular space is formed between the inner cylinder and the tower wall, and asphaltene and colloid are separated out from the extracted deasphalted oil solution in the heating settling section and are downwards settled in the annular space; the heat exchange pipe is spiral and is arranged in the annular space, a heat exchange medium used in the heat exchange pipe has the same property as a solvent used for deasphalting in the tower body, and the temperature of the solvent used as the heat exchange medium is higher than that of the solvent used for deasphalting in the tower body. The heat exchange medium is replaced by the heated solvent, so that the heat exchange requirement of the top of the extraction tower can be met, and the problem that the discharged material of the extraction tower carries steam or heat-conducting oil and other existing heat exchange media can be effectively avoided; the heat exchange pipe is arranged in the annular space between the inner cylinder and the tower wall, so that colloid and asphaltene separated out after heat exchange can move downwards from an independent channel, and the solvent-oil ratio per unit volume in the extraction section filler is effectively increased.

The invention discloses a direct coal liquefaction residue solvent extraction deliming method, refined asphalt and application, and relates to the technical field of solid waste resource treatment. According to the method, process conditions and process parameters are reasonably controlled, the thermal dissolution effect of an extraction agent and the liquefied residues is improved, a scale inhibitor composed of a multi-element alkyl organic matter, an auxiliary and coking washing oil is mixed with the extraction agent, then the ground liquefied residues are added into a material obtained through mixing, and the extraction agent and the liquefied residues are mixed uniformly. The slurry is prepared by controlling the stirring speed, the reaction temperature and the like; due to the addition of the scale inhibitor, the concentration of the residue extraction liquid is improved, and the treatment capacity and efficiency are enhanced; and a filter used for precision filtration adopts a stainless steel metal sintered filter element, so that the filter is resistant to higher temperature and pressure, the service life can be prolonged, and the stripping of viscous materials such as asphaltene in the liquefied residues is facilitated. The ultralow-ash refined asphalt prepared by the method can be used as a high-quality raw material of a high-end carbon material.

The invention provides a method for determining an asphaltene HLB (hydrophile-lipophile balance) value based on an asphaltene structure. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, defining a relative ratio R of integral curve areas of hydrophilic protons; 2, further calculating an asphaltene HLB value based on the R value; 3, calculating an average structure parameter of the asphaltene sample by using an improved BL method; 4, performing single-factor fitting on the basis of the asphaltene HLB value and the selected related parameters; 5, further multi-factor fitting is carried out, and a linear formula for asphaltene HLB value calculation is obtained; and step 6, comparing a calculation result of the fitting formula with a nuclear magnetic method result, and finally determining an asphaltene HLB value calculation formula. According to the method, the calculation formula of the HLB value of the asphaltene is fitted based on the nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrogram and the average structure parameter of the asphaltene, so that the effect of preliminarily screening the surfactant is achieved, and the time cost is reduced.

The invention provides a free radical excited cross-linked composite hard carbon material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of negative electrode materials. The composite hard carbon material is prepared from lignin and asphaltene as raw materials through lignin activation, wet ball milling, drying and calcination. Through the preparation method of free radical pre-excitation-wet ball-milling crosslinking, collaborative optimization of the sodium storage capacity, the first-week coulombic efficiency, the cycling stability and the rate capability of the composite hard carbon material is realized. Moreover, the preparation process of the composite hard carbon material provided by the invention has the advantages of good process stability, strong controllability, low cost, environmental friendliness and the like, is easy for large-scale production, meets the technical index requirements of industrial application of sodium ion batteries, and has a wide market application prospect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of asphalt pavement materials, and particularly relates to a high-permeability asphalt regenerant as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the high-permeability asphalt regenerant is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of base oil, 20-50 parts of oil slurry, 5-20 parts of plasticizer and 5-15 parts of anti-aging agent. The high-permeability asphalt regenerant provided by the invention can effectively optimize the composition of old asphalt components, improve the interface fusion efficiency of new asphalt and old asphalt, and enable asphaltene to be better dispersed in aromatic components and saturated components by virtue of colloid to form a stable colloid structure; the indexes such as high and low temperature performance and water stability of the recycled asphalt mixture are improved, the temperature sensitivity of asphalt is reduced, the influence of external environment temperature on asphalt properties is reduced, and the recycled asphalt has excellent low temperature performance; the pavement performance of the RAP material is recovered, so that the performance of the aged asphalt is basically recovered to a non-aged level, and the service life of the asphalt material is prolonged.

The invention is suitable for the technical field of recycled asphalt concrete, and particularly relates to a recycled asphalt concrete production control method and equipment. Wherein the mixing information comprises new asphalt quality information of new asphalt required for producing the recycled asphalt concrete and old asphalt quality information of old asphalt; material mixing state information is obtained based on the material mixing information and the material mixing equipment information; the mixing state information comprises information reflecting the mixing state of the new asphalt and the old asphalt in the mixing equipment; and controlling the mixing equipment to produce the recycled asphalt concrete based on the mixing state information. According to the recycled asphalt concrete production control method and equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the problem that the service life of a pavement is shortened due to reduction of the bearing capacity of the pavement caused by non-uniform mixing of recycled old asphalt and new asphalt can be avoided.

The present disclosure discloses a molybdenum amine complex catalyst and a preparation method and use thereof, wherein, the method for preparing the molybdenum amine complex catalyst comprises the following steps: in the presence of a dispersion medium hydrocarbon oil, reacting a hexavalent molybdenum compound with at least one aliphatic amine compound having C4 or more carbon atoms to obtain an active metal catalyst precursor, and uniformly dispersing the active metal catalyst precursor in the dispersion medium hydrocarbon oil to obtain the molybdenum amine complex catalyst. When the molybdenum amine complex catalyst of the present disclosure is applied to the direct coal liquefaction reaction, it can significantly improve the conversion rate of coal and the conversion rate of asphaltene and preasphaltene to oil, allowing the required reaction pressure to be significantly reduced while achieving an oil yield comparable to that of the iron-based catalyst.

The embodiment of the invention provides a compound system determination method and device, a storage medium and a shale oil development method, and belongs to the technical field of shale oil. The determination method comprises the following steps: performing corresponding oil-gas interface tension and liquid-solid interface wettability measurement on a plurality of obtained initial composite nano systems, and screening out a first composite nano system; based on the first composite nano system, calculating parameter values influencing the pore structure, pore size and asphaltene content of the shale reservoir rock, and screening out a second composite nano system; and determining the micro-fluidic sweep efficiency and the core throughput recovery rate of the second composite system to determine the optimal composite nano system. According to the principle from microcosmic to macroscopic and from experiments to mine fields, the optimal composite nano system is screened out through three-stage screening, and the shale oil reservoir development problems that due to the fact that an existing CO2 and chemical additive system is single in screening standard, a displacement relation cannot be established between wells, and the mine field implementation effect is poor are solved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of asphalt preparation, and provides a high-modulus composite modified asphalt material based on natural asphalt and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: separating natural asphalt into a high-molecular asphaltene section and a medium-low-molecular colloid section, and preparing activated asphaltene and colloid sections through alkali treatment and spray drying; a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer and a polyurethane prepolymer are taken as the basis, and a dynamic cross-linked polymer is synthesized through the steps of hydrazide treatment, boric acid group introduction, glutaraldehyde cross-linking and the like; organic modified clay and phenylated chitosan are prepared, a polyaniline composite material is prepared through in-situ polymerization of aniline, a PANI-clay-biomass compound is obtained, the ultraviolet absorption characteristic of polyaniline and the shielding effect of montmorillonite cooperate, the ultraviolet aging resistance of the material is improved, through multi-stage temperature control dispersion, the anti-aging performance of the material is improved, and the anti-aging performance of the material is improved. The various modified materials are compounded with a natural asphalt substrate to obtain the high-modulus composite modified asphalt material based on the natural asphalt.

Described is a method for evaluating oil recovery. The method includes performing a pre-coreflood process, a coreflood process, and a post-coreflood process. The pre-coreflood process includes preparing heterogenous cores samples with different structural configurations. The coreflood process includes injecting a treatment into the core samples and obtaining nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of the treated core samples. NMR measurements are compared to assess performance of the treatment. The post-coreflood process includes conducting an X-ray micro-computerized topography (CT) scan and a Saturate, Aromatic, Resin, and Asphaltene (SARA) analysis on the treated core samples.

The present invention relates to the field of oilfield chemistry, and is a high-permeability environmental protection wax remover and its preparation method. The raw materials include, by weight percentage: 50% to 70% of an organic solvent, 25% to 42% of an organic solvent penetration promoter, 2% of a penetrant, 0.5% to 1% of a co-penetrant, and the rest is a surfactant. The high-permeability environmental protection wax remover of the present invention uses birch oil as the organic solvent, and its specific gravity can be adjusted between 0.86 g / mL and 1.1 g / mL according to on-site requirements, enabling the wax remover to contact wax, gum, and asphaltene at different sections of the oil well pipe wall, quickly penetrate and dissolve to react, and can better remove wax deposits on the oil well string and gathering and transportation pipelines. It has the characteristics of good permeability, fast wax dissolution rate, safety and environmental protection. At the same time, its preparation method is simple and easy to operate, can be prepared on-site, and is convenient for popularization and application.

The invention relates to the field of preparation of a conductive material for a cable shielding material, and discloses a preparation method, a production system and application of a conductive filler for a high-voltage cable shielding material, the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, mixing a first solution containing raw material oil with a carbon black raw material in a spray form to obtain a mixed material; wherein the oil absorption value of the carbon black raw material is 180-220 (10 <-5 > m < 3 > / kg); wherein the content of aromatic hydrocarbon in the raw oil is 70-85wt%, and the content of asphaltene in the raw oil is lower than 0.1 wt%; s2, in the presence of carrier gas, enabling the mixed material to flow in a heating section, and carrying out indirect heat exchange with high-temperature fluid; the temperature of the high-temperature fluid is not lower than 1800 DEG C, and the heat exchange time is 30-120 s. The conductive filler prepared by the preparation method has relatively high structural degree and graphitization degree, and can meet the performance requirements of cable shielding materials.

The invention belongs to the technical field of sodium ion battery negative electrode materials, and discloses an asphalt-based hard carbon material for a sodium ion battery and a preparation method of the asphalt-based hard carbon material. The 3, 4, 9, 10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride is adopted as the cross-linking agent, the doping amount of the 3, 4, 9, 10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride is only 10-30% of the mass of the asphalt, and the reversible sodium storage capacity of the asphalt can be remarkably improved under the condition limited by the invention. In an oxygen atmosphere, an anhydride group of 3, 4, 9, 10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride and an oxygen-containing functional group in asphalt are subjected to a cross-linking reaction, and a formed cross-linking structure effectively inhibits melting rearrangement in an asphalt carbonization process, so that the electrochemical performance of the sodium-ion battery hard carbon negative electrode material is remarkably improved. According to the prepared asphalt-based hard carbon negative electrode material, 1 mol / L NaPF6-EC / DEC is used as an electrolyte, and under the current density of 20 mA / g, the initial coulombic efficiency reaches 75.64%, and the reversible capacity is 319.76 mAh / g; and under the current density of 200mA / g, the reversible capacity can still reach 189.14 mAh / g.

Modified chemical structures of cardanol extracted from cashew nut shell oil, and the use of the same to prepare imidazolium ionic liquids (IILs). The IILs can be used to prepare different types of silica, magnetite and calcium carbonate nanoparticles (NPs) as multifunctional oilfield chemicals for use in various oil spill collection, de-emulsification, viscosity improvement, asphaltene dispersant, and enhanced oil recovery applications.

A process dissolves or disperses asphaltenes from marine fuels by using at least one quaternary ammonium compound. A weight ratio of saturates to asphaltenes in the marine fuel is at least 4.0. A marine fuel is produced that includes saturates, aromatics, and asphaltenes in addition to at least one quaternary ammonium compound. Another process reduces or prevents fouling caused by asphaltenes in a marine fuel.

The invention discloses a nano-particle type thick oil viscosity reducer as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of thick oil chemical additives. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving 1 part of anhydrous citric acid, 2-2.7 parts of benzylamine and 0.3-1 part of octadecylamine in an ethanol solution according to a molar ratio, and uniformly stirring; then putting the mixture into a reaction kettle to react at a constant temperature of 180 DEG C, and cooling to obtain a crude product; and concentrating, dialyzing and purifying the crude product, and drying to obtain the nano-particle type thick oil viscosity reducer. According to the thick oil viscosity reducer, a polymer with a good viscosity reduction effect is formed through molecular design, and due to the fact that the molecular weight of the polymer is small, the polymer is in a nano-particle form on the microscopic scale, and based on the surface effect and the high specific surface area of nano-particles, the polymer has good dispersing performance and infiltration capacity; the nanometer effect further promotes the functional groups in the viscosity reducer molecules to depolymerize asphaltene aggregates in the thickened oil, and the viscosity reducer shows a good viscosity reduction effect. And the process is simple and easy to control, does not use toxic solvents, and is very environment-friendly.

The invention provides a binary / ternary eutectic solvent viscosity reducer as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of crude oil extraction, gathering and transportation. The binary eutectic solvent mixture provided by the invention comprises the formation water, and the metal chlorate in the formation water can enhance the viscosity reduction capacity of the glycerol-choline chloride eutectic solvent; the ternary eutectic solvent comprises aluminum chloride hexahydrate, aluminum ions and chloride ions are provided to form a synergistic coordination effect with hydroxyl of glycerol, and the hydrogen bond acceptance of the ternary eutectic solvent is remarkably enhanced, so that a hydrogen bond network structure in the heavy oil can be effectively competed and damaged, and the intermolecular force of the heavy oil is weakened; by introducing the pure eutectic solvent, the molecular structure of the thick oil can become looser, the interlocking structure of asphaltene can be easily damaged, meanwhile, the eutectic solvent and the metal chlorate or aluminum chloride hexahydrate in the formation water can self-emulsify the thick oil, the viscosity of the extra-thick oil can be reduced, and therefore the effect of remarkably reducing the viscosity of the extra-thick oil from the molecular level is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of oily sludge cleaning, and particularly relates to a macromolecular / micromolecular composite surfactant for intensively cleaning oily sludge. A main monomer (such as acrylamide), a hydrophilic monomer (such as 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) and a hydrophobic monomer (such as methacrylic acid long-chain alkyl ester) are mixed, and the macromolecular surfactant is synthesized through free radical polymerization. The specific long-chain structure of the macromolecular surfactant can form larger micelles, colloid and asphaltene can be effectively wrapped, the macromolecular surfactant is compounded with the micromolecular surfactant for use, and mixed micelles with higher solubilizing capacity can be formed, so that the colloid and asphaltene in the high-medium-concentration oily sludge can be efficiently removed, and the high-medium-concentration oily sludge can be effectively removed. Further, the removal rate of total petroleum hydrocarbon is improved. The invention provides a new technology for high-efficiency deep treatment of high-medium-concentration oily sludge.

The utility model discloses an impurity removal device for asphalt recycling processing, including a removal component, which is composed of a screening mechanism and a plurality of removal mechanisms. The screening mechanism is arranged on the left side of the removal component, and is used for screening the size and diameter of the crushed asphalt particles and removing larger impurities. The screening mechanism is provided with a plurality of screening boxes, and each of the screening boxes is connected to the corresponding cleaning mechanism through a connecting pipe, so that each of the cleaning mechanisms can separate and remove impurities mixed with the asphalt particles in different screening boxes. By arranging the removal component on the impurity removal device for asphalt recycling processing, the rotary screening and cyclone separation on the removal component can separate and remove impurities in asphalt particles of different diameters, replacing the original vibration screening removal method, preventing impurities such as residual fabrics and rubber particles from affecting the quality of the recycled asphalt, and improving the impurity removal efficiency of the impurity removal device for the recycled asphalt.

Disclosed in the present invention are an ionic liquid demulsifier and a preparation method therefor and a use thereof. The ionic liquid demulsifier of the present invention has a structure as shown in formula I, wherein in formula (I), m=1-16, n=3-5, and i=1-16. The ionic liquid demulsifier has excellent interfacial activity and can quickly migrate to an oil-water interface to reduce the tension of the oil-water interface, so as to destroy an interface film composed of asphaltenes, and promote occurrence of a demulsification process. The ionic liquid demulsifier provided by the present invention has the characteristics of simple synthesis steps, small dosage, good acid-base tolerance, low demulsification temperature, high demulsification efficiency and the like, and can be used for demulsifying crude oil emulsions.

Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of synthesizing a nanoparticle, e.g., asphaltene quantum dots ("AQD") and / or asphaltene carbon dots ("ACD"), the method comprising: contacting a source of asphaltene with an organic solvent to form an asphaltene and organic solvent mixture; removing; contacting the asphaltene and organic solvent mixture with an acid to form an acidic mixture; heating the acidic mixture to form an unpurified AQD and / or ACD; removing the acid; and adjusting the pH to form the AQD and / or ACD.