1397results about "Dewatering/demulsification with chemical means" patented technology

A method of improving hydrocarbon recovery from oil sands, oil shale, and petroleum residues includes adding a polymeric or nonpolymeric processing aid capable of sequestering cations, such as the multivalent calcium, magnesium and iron cations. The hydrocarbons are preferably contacted with the processing aid before a primary separation of the hydrocarbons in order to increase bitumen recovery. A processing aid is provided in an effective amount to increase the liberation of the hydrocarbons from inorganic solids, particularly when the source is a poor processing ore. Preferred processing aids include citric acid or a polymeric acid selected from polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, salts of these acids, partial salts of these acids, and combinations thereof. The processing aids significantly increase the hydrocarbon recovery typically with concentrations less than 50 ppm and the polymeric processing aids can also provide beneficial flocculation of solids in tailings slurry.

This invention relates to a novel process for treating and removing undesirable impurities from oil and gas well fracturing fluid. A method for treating fracturing water comprising: (a) passing contaminated fracturing water containing solids and liquid through a mechanical separator to remove solids from the liquid; (b) treating the fracturing water liquid with an alkaline agent to increase the pH of the liquid to a level of above 9; (c)) adding a coagulant to the fracturing water to form an agglomerate and separating the agglomerate from the fracturing water; (d) reducing the pH of the fracturing water of step (c)) to a level of less than about 5.5; and (e) adding an oxidizing agent to the fracturing water of step (d) to oxidize oxidizable impurities in the fracturing water.

The invention relates to a crude oil demulsifier, and discloses a natural polysaccharide macromolecule-modified crude oil demulsifier. The demulsifier is prepared by adopting the following operation steps: (1) conducting halogenation modification, carboxylation modification, amination modification, formylation modification, or isocyanic acid esterification modification on polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether; (2) preparing glycidyl dimethyl alkyl ammonium chloride; (3) preparing quaternized polysaccharide; and (4) reacting the modified polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether with quaternized polysaccharide to obtain a product, namely the natural polysaccharide macromolecule-modified crude oil demulsifier. According to the crude oil demulsifier, as the raw material, the natural polysaccharide macromolecule compound has multiple advantages of being wide in source, natural, non-toxic, sustainable, good in usage safety and the like; and the prepared demulsifier has good demulsifying and dewatering effects; in addition, the molecules of the demulsifier contain a great deal of groups of hydroxyl and the like, which have certain chelating capability to metal ions, thus being capable of removing a certain amount of metal ions while demulsifying.

The invention relates to particular orthoester based polymers as well as the use of specific orthoester based polymers as a demulsifier for water / oil emulsions. Products suitable for use according to the invention have the formula (I), wherein R1 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group with 1-4 carbon atoms, R2, R3, and R4 are, independently, a group comprising C3-C4 alkyleneoxy groups and / or ethyleneoxy groups in any order, and an end group Y, which is, independently, hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group with 1-30 carbon atoms, a group —(CH2)zNR5R6 or —(CH2)zN+R5R6R7, wherein each of R5, R6, and R7 is, independently, an alkyl group with 1-22 carbon atoms or —CH2CH2OH, and z is 2 or 3, provided that at least one of the groups R2, R3, and R4 comprises at least one block of at least on then average 4 alkyleneoxy groups with 3 and / or 4 carbon atoms, and provided that if Y is hydrogen, then at least one of n and m is a number of 1-100, or a di- or polycondensate of the polymer via free hydroxyl groups in R2, R3 or R4.

A mobile apparatus and method for recycling an invert emulsion based drilling fluid, in which the invert emulsion based drilling fluid includes an oleaginous component and an aqueous component. The apparatus includes an emulsion breaking tank, a water treatment tank, a filter press, and hydrocarbon filters. The method includes: mixing said invert emulsion drilling fluid with a emulsion breaker, wherein the emulsion breaker is a mixture of an alkyl glucoside and an alkane sulfonate; and separating the oleaginous component of the invert emulsion drilling fluid from the aqueous component of the invert emulsion drilling fluid. The method preferably utilizes an emulsion breaker that is a combination of an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and an alkyl polyglycoside surfactant.

Improved performance in the phase separation of aqueous brines from hydrocarbons within an electrostatic desalter operation is obtained by the addition to the crude oil emulsions entering the desalter of an effective asphaltene dispersing amount of an alkyl phenol-formaldehyde liquid resin polymer, optionally in the presence of a lipophilic / hydrophilic vinylic polymer. The preferred resin is a nonyl phenol-formaldehyde resin having a molecular weight of from 1,000-20,000, and the preferred vinylic polymer is a copolymer of lauryl (meth)acrylate and hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate. Best results from the electrostatic desalter are obtained when also using a demulsifier chemical treatment along with the asphaltene dispersing treatments. Desalter efficiency is increased and desalter brine effluent quality is greatly increased.

The invention relates to a preparation method of an efficient deemulsifier for naphthenic extra heavy oil and a product thereof, belonging to the technical field of petroleum processing. The efficient deemulsifier is prepared by polymerizing alkylphenol, polyethylene polyamine and formaldehyde to obtain thermoplastic phenol-amine resin as an initiator, polymerizing the initiator with oxirane and epoxypropane to generate polyether blocked copolymer, and then esterifying the polyether blocked copolymer with acrylic acid and other unsaturated acids to generate a modified polyether product by grafting olefine acid. The product prepared by the method has the characteristics of quick dehydration and low dosage. The efficient deemulsifier of the invention is suitable for dehydrating the naphthenic extra heavy oil of Karamay oil fields, meeting the requirements of proper temperature, quick dehydration, high dehydration rate, clear water color, and tidy oil-water interface, and has high efficiency demulsification and dehydration performance.

It has been discovered that metals and / or amines can be removed or transferred from a hydrocarbon phase to a water phase in an emulsion breaking process by using a composition that contains water-soluble hydroxyacids. Suitable water-soluble hydroxyacids include, but are not necessarily limited to glycolic acid, gluconic acid, C2-C4 alpha-hydroxy acids, poly-hydroxy carboxylic acids, thioglycolic acid, chloroacetic acid, polymeric forms of the above hydroxyacids, poly-glycolic esters, glycolate ethers, and ammonium salt and alkali metal salts of these hydroxyacids, and mixtures thereof. The composition may also include at least one mineral acid to reduce the pH of the desalter wash water. A solvent may be optionally included in the composition. The invention permits transfer of metals and / or amines into the aqueous phase with little or no hydrocarbon phase undercarry into the aqueous phase. The composition is particularly useful in treating crude oil emulsions, and in removing calcium and other metals therefrom.

A copolymer useful as a demulsifier or water clarifier may be prepared by polymerizing at least one aromatic monomer having one or more polymerizable double bonds; at least one oleophilic monomer having one or more polymerizable double bonds; at least one ionizable monomer having a polymerizable double bond; and at least one hydrophilic monomer having one or more polymerizable double bonds, under polymerization conditions sufficient to prepare a copolymer. The copolymer may, in some embodiments, be prepared and used as a latex.

The invention relates to a preparation method for a chitosan natural polymer modified crude oil desalting demulsifier. The method comprises the following steps: 1) modifying polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether by halogenating; 2) preparing glycidyl dimethyl alkyl ammonium chloride; 3) preparing quaternized carboxy alkyl chitosan; 4) causing the modified polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether to react with the quaternized carboxy alkyl chitosan, thereby obtaining a target product, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether grafted quaternized carboxy alkyl chitosan. According to the invention, the chitosan natural high-molecular compound is taken as the raw material and has the advantages of wide resource, naturality, non-toxicity, sustainability, excellent biological compatibility of products, degradability, and the like. The demulsifier prepared according to the invention has excellent demulsification dewatering effect; the molecule of the demulsifier contains a large amount of carboxy alkyl groups and quaternary ammonium salt groups and the electronegative ions, including metal cation, naphthene acid radicals, and surfaces are electronegative grains and have strong combining capacity, so that the demulsifier has the capacities of demulsifying while removing oil-soluble salt.

The invention provides a foam control formulation in the form of a microemulsion, the formulation comprising: (a) from S to 70% w / w of primary surfactant, this surfactant having an HLB of from 1 to 12 and / or a cloud point of from 20 to 70° C.; (b) from 2 to 40% w / w of water-insoluble organic carrier liquid; and (c) water. Also provided is the use of this formulation to prevent and / or reduce foam in a fluid system, or as a processing aid to control foam production in a fluid system. The formulation may be used in an aqueous fluid system, such as an oilfield.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a polyether-grafted chitosan derivative crude oil desalting demulsifier. The preparation method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, performing formylation modification on polyethylene glycol monoethylether; secondly, preparing glycidyl dimethyl alkyl ammonium chloride; thirdly, preparing quaternarization carboxyalkyl chitosan; fourthly, enabling formylation modified polyethylene glycol monoethylether to react with carboxy alkyl chitosan to obtain the polyether-grafted chitosan derivative crude oil desalting demulsifier. The polyether-grafted chitosan derivative crude oil desalting demulsifier disclosed by the invention is prepared by taking chitosannatural polymeric compounds as raw materials, and has the advantages of wide sources, naturalness, no toxicity, sustainability, good biocompatibility of a product, degradability and the like. The prepared demulsifier is good in demulsifying and dehydrating effect; meanwhile, a demulsifying molecule contains a large amount of carboxyalkyl groups and quaternary ammonium salt groups which have strong combining capacity to metal cation, ions with negative electricity such as naphthenic acid radicals as well as particles of which the surfaces are electronegative, so the polyether-grafted chitosan derivative crude oil desalting demulsifier has capacity of removing oil-soluble salts while demulsifying.

A process for dewatering oil sand fine tailings is provided and comprises a dispersion and floc build-up stage comprising in-line addition of a flocculent solution comprising an effective amount of flocculation reagent into a flow of the oil sand fine tailings; a gel stage wherein flocculated oil sand fine tailings is transported in-line and subjected to shear conditioning; a floc breakdown and water release stage wherein the flocculated oil sand fine tailings releases water and decreases in yield shear stress, while avoiding an oversheared zone; depositing the flocculated oil sand fine tailings onto a deposition area to form a deposit and to enable the release water to flow away from the deposit, preferably done in a pipeline reactor and managing shear according to yield stress and CST information and achieves enhanced dewatering.

The invention relates to a preparation method of an efficient crude oil desalting demulsifier. The preparation method comprises the following specific steps: (1) performing isocyanic acid esterification modification on methoxy polyethylene glycol; (2) preparing glycidyl dimethyl alkylammonium chloride; (3) preparing quaternized carboxyalkyl chitosan; (4) modifying the methoxy polyethylene glycol and the quaternized carboxyalkyl chitosan for reaction to obtain a target product, namely, methoxy polyethylene glycol-grafted quaternized carboxyalkyl chitosan. By taking chitosan type natural macromolecular compounds as raw materials, the efficient crude oil desalting demulsifier has many advantages of wide availability, nature, nontoxicity, sustainability, high biocompatibility, degradability and the like. The prepared demulsifier is good in demulsifying and dehydration effect; meanwhile, molecules of the demulsifier contain a large quantity of carboxy alkyl groups and quaternary ammonium salt groups, so that the demulsifier is extremely high in combination capacity for negatively charged ions such as metal cations and naphthenic acid radicals, and particles with electronegativity on the surfaces, and can remove oil-soluble salt during dehumidification.

The invention relates to a synthesis method of a crude oil desalting demulsifying agent. The method specifically includes the steps of firstly, conducting p-nitrophenyl ester modification on methoxypolyethylene glycol; secondly, preparing glycidyl dimethyl alkyl ammonium chloride; thirdly, preparing quaternized carboxy alkyl chitosan; fourthly, making the modified methoxypolyethylene glycol react with quaternized carboxy alkyl chitosan to obtain a product, namely polyethylene glycol questin grafted quaternized carboxy alkyl chitosan. A chitosan type natural high-molecular compound serves as the raw material and has the advantages of being wide in resource, natural, free of toxin, sustainable, good in product biocompatibility, degradable and the like; The prepared demulsifying agent is good in demulsifying dewatering effect; meanwhile, due to the fact that lots of carboxy alkyl groups and quaternary ammonium salt groups are contained in demulsifying agent molecules and have strong binding capacity with metal cations, naphthenic acid radicals and other ions with negative charges and particles with surface electronegativity, the oil-soluble salt removing capacity is achieved during demulsifying.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a double-ion type crude oil desalting demulsifier. The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out esterification modification on polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether; (2) preparing glycidyl dimethyl alkyl ammonium chloride; (3) preparing quaternary ammonium carboxymethyl chitosan; (4) making the modified polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether react with the quaternary ammonium carboxymethyl chitosan to obtain a polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether grafted quaternary ammonium carboxymethyl chitosan. The double-ion type crude oil desalting demulsifier takes natural macromolecular compounds of chitosan as raw materials, thereby having many advantages of wide sources, naturalness, no toxicity, sustainability, good product bio-compatibility and degradation and the like. The prepared demulsifier is good in demulsification and dehydration effects, furthermore, demulsifier molecules contain a large number of carboxyl alkyl groups and quaternary ammonium salt groups, so that the demulsifier has a very strong binding capacity for negatively charged ions such as metal cations, naphthenic acid radicals and particles of which the surfaces are electronegative, thereby further having the removal ability for oil soluble salts while performing demulsification.

A method and apparatus for treating for disposal oil contaminated substrates, such as drill cuttings from drilling with an oil-based mud, by steam distillation. If necessary, the contaminated substrate 10 can be pretreated with an emulsion breaker 14. The contaminated substrate 10 can be treated with steam 16 in a first mixing still 12. The substrate can be optionally treated with a second steam source 20 in a second mixing still 18. The steam provides heat to vaporize the oil, moisture to treat the substrate and water to the reaction mixture. Recoverable constituents in the vapor can be condensed in a vapor collection system 24. The treated substrate 22 is essentially free of oil and can have a controlled water content. The process exhibits low energy consumption, rapid treatment, compact equipment and a high degree of process control.

The invention relates to a method for preparing comb-shaped polymer crude oil desalting demulsifier. The method comprises the following steps: (1) performing acrylatioed modification on methoxy polyethylene glycol; (2) preparing glycidyl dimethyl alkyl ammonium chloride; (3) preparing quaternized carboxyalkyl chitosan; (4) reacting modified methoxy polyethylene glycol with quaternized carboxyalkyl chitosan to obtain the target product demulsifier. The demulsifier is prepared by using chitosan naturalpolymer compounds as raw materials, and has the advantages of wide source, nature, no toxicity, sustainability, good product biocompatibility, degradability and the like. The prepared demulsifier has good demulsification and dehydration effect since the molecular structure is a comb-shaped polymer formed by simultaneously grafting a plurality of linear branched chains on a main chain, and has a strong binding capability on metal cations, naphthenate radicals and other negatively charged ions and particles which are electronegative on surfaces since a great amount of carboxyalkyl groups and quaternary ammonium salt groups on the molecules. Therefore, the demulsifier has capabilities of demulsifying and removing oil-soluble salt.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a polyelectrolyte-type crude oil-desalting demulsifier. The preparation method comprises the following specific steps: (1) performing amination modification on methoxypolyethylene glycol; (2) preparing glycidyl dimethyl alkyl ammonium chloride; (3) preparing quaternized carboxyalkyl chitosan; (4) carrying out a reaction between the modified methoxypolyethylene glycol and the quaternized carboxyalkyl chitosan to obtain a target product methoxypolyethylene glycol-grafted quaternized carboxyalkyl chitosan. The polyelectrolyte-type crude oil-desalting demulsifier takes a natural macromolecule chitosan compound as a raw material, and has the advantages of wide sources, naturalness, non-toxicity, sustainability, good product biocompatibility, biodegradability and the like. The prepared demulsifier has good demulsifying and dehydrating effects; a demulsifier molecule contains a large number of carboxyalkyl groups and quaternary ammonium groups, which have very strong capacity of bonding metal cations, negatively-charged ions such as naphthenic acid radicals, and particles with negative charges on the surfaces, so that besides the demulsifying capability, the demulsifier also has the capability of removing oil-soluble salts.

There is provided herein in one specific embodiment a process for separating a mixture comprising: combining at least one silicone surfactant (a), where silicone of silicone surfactant (a) has the general structure of: M1aM2bD1cD2dT1eT2fQg and a mixture (b) comprising an aqueous phase, a solid filler phase and optionally an oil phase that is substantially insoluble in said aqueous phase; and providing for separation of any one or more of said aqueous phase, said solid filler phase, and if present, said oil phase from mixture (b) to provide a separated mixture (b).

In one aspect, the present invention provides a subsea separation vessel for the separation of a mixture comprising oil and water comprising (a) at least one inlet for introducing a oil-water mixture; (b) a flow path for conducting the oil-water mixture; (c) at least one oil-water separation structure; and (d) at least one fluid outlet. The oil-water separation structure includes a multifunctional surface. The oil-water separation structure is located within the flow path and wherein the multifunctional surface is superhydrophobic with respect to water, and either oleophilic or superoleophilic with respect to oil. A method for separating oil from an oil-water mixture is also provided.

Disclosed and claimed is a microemulsion-based demulsifier composition and a method of demulsifying an emulsion comprising hydrocarbon and water. The demulsifier composition includes (i) an oil-like phase comprising at least one nonionic surfactant having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of less than about 9; (ii) a coupling agent capable of stabilizing the demulsifier composition; (iii) at least one water-soluble or dispersible nonionic surfactant that is different from the at least one nonionic surfactant in the oil-like phase; (iv) at least one additional surfactant selected from anionic, cationic, amphoteric, and combinations thereof; (v) at least one nonionic demulsifier; and (vi) water.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a crude oil rapid demulsifying agent. The method is that block copolymerization is carried out between initiator catecholamine resin and ethylene oxide and propylene epoxide to obtain a polyether demulsifying agent under a base catalyst, and then the polyether demulsifying agent is reacted with silicone oil and oleic acid to obtain a crosslinking demulsifying agent. The preparation method solves the problem that the existing demulsifying technology is high in demulsifying temperature, low in demulsifying speed, big in dosage and the like. The crude oil rapid demulsifying agent prepared by using the method has the advantages of rapid demulsification, small dosage, environmental protection and the like.

The invention discloses an acid-containing crude oil demulsifying agent and a preparation method thereof. The effects of eliminating oil water emulsification, reaching deep desalination and dehydration and reducing oil in drained water are achieved. The demulsifying agent consists of 30 to 60 weight percent of polyvinyl polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, 1 to 10 weight percent of emulsifying inhibitor, 1 to 10 weight percent of flocculating agent, 1 to 15 weight percent of dispersion cosolvent and 20 to 50 weight percent of solvent. The demulsifying agent can be used for electric desalination and dehydration processes of acid-containing crude oil and acidified crude oil, the adding amount is 10 to 100mug / g, the salt content of the acid-containing crude oil after electric desalination can be reduced to be less than 3mgNaCl / L, and the water content can be reduced to be less than 0.3 weight percent.

The invention discloses a water-soluble thick oil viscosity reducer belonging to the technical field of emulsified viscosity reducers of viscous crude oil. The water-soluble thick oil viscosity reducer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.01-1.0 part of surface active agent, 0.01-1.0 part of dispersant and 0.01-0.6 part of demulsifier, wherein the surface active agent is a nonionic surface active agent selected from OP-10, TX100, Span80 and Tween80, the dispersant is a water-soluble polymer material selected from polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum and cellulose, and the demulsifier is a polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene segmented copolymer. The invention has good emulsifying and viscosity-reducing effects, the emulsified crude oil can be automatically demulsified to reach a dehydration rate over 95 percent, and the viscosity reducer has little consumption and low cost by adopting low-price materials.

The invention relates to a method for separating emulsions of oil and water, the method comprising incorporating a demulsifying-effective amount of a silicone demulsifier into an emulsion comprising an oil phase and an aqueous phase, the silicone demulsifier having a molecular structure comprising a polysiloxane backbone of at least two siloxane units covalently bound to (i) one or more alkylene oxide groups comprising one or more alkylene oxide units independently having one to five carbon atoms, and (ii) one or more oxirane-containing and / or oxetane-containing groups, wherein said oxirane or oxetane is optionally ring-opened by reaction with a chemical or group capable of ring-opening an oxirane or oxetane ring, respectively, and wherein a solid filler is substantially excluded from the silicone demulsifier and emulsion. The invention also relates to compositions containing the above-described demulsifier and the water and oil phases of an emulsion.

This invention relates to a novel process for treating and removing undesirable impurities from oil and gas well fracturing fluid. A method for treating fracturing water comprising: (a) passing contaminated fracturing water containing solids and liquid through a mechanical separator to remove solids from the liquid; (b) treating the fracturing water liquid with an alkaline agent to increase the pH of the liquid to a level of above 9; (c) adding a coagulant to the fracturing water to form an agglomerate and separating the agglomerate from the fracturing water; (d) reducing the pH of the fracturing water of step (c) to a level of less than about 5.5; and (e) adding an oxidizing agent to the fracturing water of step (d) to oxidize oxidizable impurities in the fracturing water.

The invention relates to a novel crude oil demulsifier and a preparation method thereof. The novel crude oil demulsifier is prepared from esterified butyl acrylate acrylic acid copolymer and polyether demulsifier. Calculated according to a total weight of the butyl acrylate acrylic acid copolymer and the polyether demulsifier as 100%, the novel crude oil demulsifier comprises components of, by weight: 10-95% of the butyl acrylate acrylic acid copolymer, 5-90% of the polyether demulsifier, 0.1-3% of an acidic catalyst, 0.1-0.2% of a polymerization inhibitor of hydroquinone, and a solvent which is a good solvent for the butyl acrylate acrylic acid copolymer and the polyether demulsifier. According to the novel crude oil demulsifier and the preparation method thereof, the butyl acrylate acrylic acid copolymer and the polyether demulsifier with demulsification functions are subject to an esterification reaction. The prepared demulsifier provides a good demulsification effect upon crude oil emulsion.

The invention discloses a preparing method of an oil field demulsifier. The preparing method adopts ethyleneamine as a raw material, and the oil field demulsifier is prepared by crosslinking modification of the ethyleneamine, ethylene oxide, and propylene epoxide. The method comprises the following steps of: with the ethyleneamine as an initiator, enabling the ethyleneamine to react with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide to prepare an ethyleneamine type polyether demulsifier under the existence of a basic catalyst; carrying out self-crosslinking reaction on the polyether demulsifier A by adopting polycarboxylic acid under the action of a catalyst to prepare a product B; and finally carrying out self-crosslinking reaction on the polyether demulsifier A and the product B in a solvent by adopting toluene diisocynate to prepare a high performance demulsifier as a final product. The demulsifier prepared by the preparing method has the advantages of higher relative molecular weight, favorable dehydration effect and favorable broad spectrum, and can be used for demulsification and dehydration of the crude oil in the oil field. The dehydrated water is clear, and the dosage of the demulsifier is less.

The invention relates to a demulsifying dehydration method of an oilfield produced liquid. The method comprises a step that emulsifying dehydration is carried out by mixing the oilfield produced liquid with a demulsifying assistant and a demulsifying agent, wherein the oilfield produced liquid contains an emulsified viscosity reducer, the demulsifying assistant comprises one or more of a polymeric aluminum flocculant, a polymeric iron flocculant and a metal-polysilicate flocculant, and the application amount of the demulsifying assistant is 50-10000pm on the basis of the quality of the oilfield produced liquid.