12664 results about "Oil water" patented technology

The present invention is a composition for forming seals. The composition includes a base material and a hydrogel. The base materials is preferably an elastomer or a thermoplastic. Seals formed with the composition are particularly suited for use in a wellbore environment. The inclusion of hydrogel in the seals allows the seals to be manipulated or altered through certain environmental factors. For instance, temperature, oil/water ratio, pH and the electronic field may all be used to alter the characteristics of the hydrogel. In this way, the seal may be caused to swell in response to a specific stimulus, thereby preventing or sealing a leak without requiring additional work or input from the operator.

The invention relates to an underwater super-oleophobic oil-water separation mesh membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof. A 100-140-mesh fabric mesh is used as the substrate of the oil-water separation mesh membrane; and a hydrogel cladding layer is formed by the crosslinking polymerization of polymer monomers on the mesh wires of the fabric mesh by a photo-initiated polymerization method, thus obtaining the mesh membrane provided by the invention. The oil-water separation mesh membrane is super-hydrophilic in air and underwater and super-oleophobic underwater; the contact angle with oil drops underwater is greater than 150 degrees; and the adhesion to oil drops is low. The mesh membrane provided by the invention can be applied to oil-containing sewage treatment, chemical separation, environmental protection and the like. For oil-water separation, the mesh membrane has the advantages of good separation effect, fast separation, low cost, low energy consumption, convenience, no other chemical additive and the like, and is easy to recover for multiple recycling, and suitable for wide-range preparation.

Several prototype systems are described for separating oil and water from emulsions. The systems operate at ultrasonic resonance and are thus low power. Each system contains one or more acoustic transducers operating in the 100 kHz to 5 MHz range. Each system contains flow input for the emulsion and two or more flow outputs for the separated oil and water. Existing prototypes operate from 200 mL/min to >15 L/min. Each uses low power in the range of 1-5 W.

The invention relates to an oil-water displacement efficiency experimental method of longitudinal and planar nonhomogeneous slab models, which comprises an oil-water displacement efficiency experimental method of a longitudinal nonhomogeneous slab model and an oil-water displacement efficiency experimental method of a planar nonhomogeneous slab model. The experimental method mainly comprises the following steps: 1. applying confining pressure to the core holder of a multilayer slab model, then vacuumizing the multilayer slab model with three layers slab model, injecting simulated formation water to saturate cores, and then heating; 2. injecting simulate formation oil in a piston type container into the core holder of the multilayer slab model, and carrying out water-oil displacement to establish bound water saturation level; and 3. injecting simulate formation water in the piston type container into the core holder of the multilayer slab model, and carrying out water-oil displacement to obtain accumulated displacement oil output and wateryield under different water injection multiples, and thereby, the oil displacement efficiency is obtained. The invention not only can carry out displacement experiment research on the longitudinal nonhomogeneous slab model at high temperature and pressure but also can carry out displacement experiment research of different flooding well networks on the planar nonhomogeneous slab model under high temperature and pressure. The highest pressure reached by the experimental method is 25MPa, and the highest temperature reached by the experimental method is 100 DEG C.

The invention pertains to the technical fields of chemistry, chemical industry and functional macromolecular materials, in particular relates to a super-hydrophobic and super-oleophilic oil-water separation mesh membrane and a preparation method thereof. The super-hydrophobic and super-oleophilic oil-water separation mesh membrane is prepared with a dip-coating method which comprises the steps that a proper treating agent is selected, epoxy group-terminated oligomeric siloxane is copolymerized with bisphenol A on a proper condition; the oligomeric siloxane-bisphenol A copolymer is mixed evenly with the treating agent to form a solution; the oligomeric siloxane-bisphenol A copolymer is cured on a fabric net of 100 meshes to 400 meshes to obtain the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophilic oil-water separation mesh membrane. The mesh membrane contains no fluorin, and has high hole penetration and good oil/water separation effect. The preparation method of the mesh membrane is simple.

A system for the separation of the components of an oil, water, and solids mixture, the system comprising a mechanical separation module comprising an oily water output and an input adapted to receive an oil, water, and solids mixture; and a membrane separation module comprising an oily water input and a recirculation output. The oily water output of the mechanical separation module is in flow communication with the oily water input of the membrane separation module, and the recirculation output of the membrane separation module is in flow communication with the input of the mechanical separation module.

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemistry and chemical industry and functional materials, and relates to a method for preparing a metal mesh which has special wetting properties and is used for oil-water separation. The method adopts simple wet-method chemical etching technology, nano-scale microscopic bulges are prepared on the surface of a metal mesh with micron-grade pore diameters, and then a compound which does not contain fluorine and has low surface energy is modified on the surfaces of the microscopic bulges. For the surface of the prepared material, a contact angle of a water drop is more than 150 degrees, and a contact angle of oil is close to 0 degree. Due to the specific wetting properties, the material can allow the oil to pass through the metal mesh smoothly, but the water cannot permeate through the metal mesh completely, so that the property of effectively separating oil-water mixtures is realized. Particularly, the specific wetting properties of the surface of the material can keep stable in acid solution, alkali solution and salt solution, and thus the functional metal mesh can be excellently applied in aspects of metal corrosion prevention and the like. A mesh membrane does not contain the fluorine, and has the advantages of simple preparation method, high permeability of pore space and good oil-water separation effect, and corrosion resistance.

The invention provides a rock high-pressure permeability test system, comprising a sample depression box device which is provided with a heavy frame inside, a hydraulic jack positioned inside the heavy frame, a movable trolley positioned on the top of the hydraulic jack, and a triaxial depression box fixed on the movable trolley, wherein, the triaxial depression box comprises a confining pressure chamber body, a depression box base with an seepage water inlet and a confining pressure water inlet, a lower actuating post system which is positioned on the depression box base and is communicated with the seepage water inlet and a seepage water channel on the sample, an upper actuating post system of the seepage water outlet which is positioned on the top of the depression box and is communicated with the seepage water channel on the sample. The test system is provided with an oil-water converting dynamic control system which is connected with the hydraulic jack, the seepage water inlet and the confining pressure water inlet respectively. The invention can test the permeability of the sample under various conditions, conventional triaxial mechanical characteristics of various loading paths, the seepage at a high permeability pressure, and the stress coupling process and can control the shaft pressure, the confining pressure, the permeability pressure and the axial displacement accurately.

The invention provides a method for extracting heavy liquefaction oil and an intermediate-phase bitumen matter from coal liquefaction residuals and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: adding coal liquefaction residual powder and an extraction solvent to a stirring kettle together for extraction to obtain extraction liquid and extraction residues; carrying out solid-liquid separation on the obtained extraction liquid and extraction residues; carrying out steam stripping on the obtained extraction residues, and recovering an organic phase after oil-water separation; mixing the extraction liquid with the organic phase, and then delivering into a solvent recovery unit; recovering the extraction solvent for recycling use or being returned to a liquefaction productprocessing unit by using a distillation method and/or an evaporation method, wherein residuals obtained after the extraction solvent is recovered are liquefaction residual extractives; delivering theobtained liquefaction residual extractives into a heat treatment unit, and separating the heavy liquefaction oil from the intermediate-phase bitumen matter by using a heating dry distillation method;and adding the obtained heavy liquefaction oil and other recycling solvents in a direct liquefaction process to a coal liquefaction solvent hydrogenation unit together.

The invention discloses a super-hydrophobic and super-oleophylic oil-water separating mesh membrane and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: (1), cleaning a fabric mesh and drying the cleaned fabric mesh; (2), dissolving dopamine hydrochloride and trihytdroxy methyl-aminomethane to water to acquire a mixed solution, wherein the pH value of the mixed solution is 8.0-12.0; (3), soaking the dried fabric mesh in the mixed solution, and then getting out the soaked fabric mesh for drying; (4), dissolving mercaptan compound and sodium hydroxide in water to acquire mixed turbid liquid; (5), soaking the fabric mesh acquired in the step (3) in the mixed turbid liquid, reacting the mixture to acquire the oil-water separating mesh membrane. The oil-water separating mesh membrane disclosed by the invention has high bearing pressure to water so that oil can quickly pass, a separating effect is good, the speed is high, and the separating effect on normal hexane, petroleum ether, benzene, gasoline, diesel oil, animal and vegetable oil, crude oil and the like is good. The oil-water separating mesh membrane is non-toxic and harmless, environment-friendly, easy to clean and keep, can be reusable, and has good stability.

The invention provides an oily sludge recycling and innocent comprehensive treatment process, which comprises the following four steps of: 1, pretreating oily sludge: adding water into the oil sludge, heating and stirring to form fluidized sludge, and separating in a stainless steel screen; 2, conditioning the oily sludge, adding a demulsifier and a flocculant into the separated fluidized sludge for conditioning the oily sludge; 3, performing centrifugal separation on three phases of the oily sludge: introducing separated oil into an oil-water separation system for recovering crude oil, conveying separated water to the oily sludge pretreatment step for recycling, drying the separated residual oily sludge, and solid impurities and floating slag which are separated in the oily sludge pretreatment, and introducing the dried substances into a rotary kiln incinerator; and 4, performing mixed combustion on the residual oily sludge and biomass, performing high temperature incineration treatment after the residual oily sludge, the separated solid impurities and floating slag, and the biomass are mixed in a rotary kiln to remove the secondary pollution of the oily sludge, and recovering afterheat from high temperature flue gas.

Relating to the technical field of resource recovery and recycling, the invention discloses a resource-based and harmless treatment method for kitchen waste. The method is directed at the problems of high salt content in fertilizer products, easy cause of soil salinization, and large equipment investment for anaerobic fermentation of total waste in existing kitchen waste treatment methods. The method comprises the steps of: (a) kitchen waste sorting; (b) water bath desalting: adding water, and conducting heating and stirring to dilute salt; (c) solid-liquid separation: dehydrating the waste; (d) solid material aerobic fermentation: crushing the dehydrated solid material into small particles, and conducting aerobic fermentation and drying treatment to obtain an organic fertilizer; and (e) waste liquid anaerobic fermentation: conducting oil-water separation on the waste liquid, recovering grease, subjecting sewage to anaerobic fermentation, making the produced biogas residue and biogas slurry into a liquid fertilizer, and taking the produced biogas as the fuel of a biogas boiler. The method provided by the invention is particularly suitable for resource-based and harmless treatment of kitchen waste.

The invention discloses an acrylamide modified graft copolymer and a preparation method and usage thereof. The invention is characterized in that 20 parts of acrylamide, 1-20 anionic monomer and/or cationic monomer, 0.1-15 macromonomer, 0.05-10 ionic lyophobic monomer and 50-1000 deionized water are added into a three-necked reaction bottle, the pH value is adjusted to be 3-9, N2 is introduced for 30min, then 0.002-0.5 part of initiator persulfate is added at 30-75 DEG C, the reaction lasts 8-36h, then copolymer PAB is obtained, and finally water is used for dilution to obtain strong PAB solution. During polymerization, no surfactant is used, and the macromonomer with a long chain and the ionic lyophobic monomer with intermolecular association function are introduced into the copolymer PAB, so the capabilities of cooperative tackification and salt-resistance between the rigid conformation of a molecular chain and the intermolecular association can be played optimally, the PAB exhibits unique solution property and has higher colloidal viscosity in high saline solution than in fresh water, and the PAB obtains the capabilities of tackification, salt resistance, low surface tension and strong molecular association and can be used for the oil-displacing acrylamide modified graft copolymer. The copolymer is prepared into water solution with mass concentration of 0.2-3.0g/L and surfactant concentration of 0.01-2 mmol/L, then the water solution is added into a mixing vessel by a stirring device, and then a polymer oil-displacing agent with tackification, salt resistance and cutting resistance is obtained. The PAB has the functions of both a tackifier and a macromolecule surfactant. The copolymer PAB is prepared into water solution which has mass concentration of 0.05-7%, so the macromolecule surfactant with excellent surface activeness can be obtained and then applicable to an emulsifier, an emulsion splitter, a solubilizer and a wetting agent.

The invention discloses an organic polysilazane/inorganic nano-material super-hydrophobic coating and a preparation method thereof. According to the preparation method, firstly, an organic polysilazane solution is prepared, a silane coupling agent containing hydrophobic units is used for carrying out hydrophobization on an inorganic nano-material, and dispersion liquid of the hydrophobic inorganic nano-material is prepared; then, an organic material or an inorganic material or a metal material serves as a base material, and an organic polysilazane and the hydrophobic inorganic nano-material alternatively deposit on the surface of the base material in sequence through a deposition method; finally, appropriate heat treatment is carried out on the surface which is subjected to multiple times of alternative deposition. The obtained coating shows good super-hydrophobic performance, the contact angles of water drops on the surface of the coating are larger than 150 degrees, the rolling angles are smaller than 10 degrees, and the coating has good mechanical and chemical stability and has wide application prospect in the field of waterproof clothes, exterior wall coating, oil-water separation, biomedicine and the like. According to the method, the preparation process is simple, and large hydrophobic coatings can be established on various base material surfaces.

Measurements made with a multicomponent logging instrument when used in a substantially horizontal borehole in earth formations are diagnostic of the direction of beds relative to the position of the borehole. When the logging instrument is conveyed on a drilling assembly, the drilling trajectory may be maintained to follow a predetermined trajectory or to maintain a desired distance from a boundary such as an oil-water contact.

The invention discloses a kitchen waste disposer. The kitchen waste disposer comprises a rack body, a cylinder lifting and turning device, a switching door cover, a material hopper, a crushing device, a solid-liquid separating device, a squeezing and lifting device, a fermenting and drying device and an oil-water separating device, wherein the cylinder lifting and turning device, the switching door cover, the material hopper, the crushing device, the solid-liquid separating device, the squeezing and lifting device, the fermenting and drying device, and the oil-water separating device are commonly arranged on the rack body. The kitchen waste disposer provided by the invention can sequentially carry out crushing operation and solid-liquid separation operation on kitchen waste, and further carries out squeezing and dehydration operation on solid kitchen waste, fermenting and drying operation on the solid kitchen waste, and oil-water separation operation on liquid kitchen waste, so that the continuous feeding and continuous discharging production process of the kitchen waste disposer can be realized, and the production efficiency is high. The entire kitchen waste disposer is conveniently, intensively and intelligently controlled, and is particularly applicable to kitchen waste disposal in fields in a small-scale area, such as hotels and restaurants.

The invention relates to a method for monitoring the stress of a casing in a well by applying optical-fiber sensors, which mainly solves the problem that the existing research field of the casing erosion of an oil field and oil-water well does not have a direct method for monitoring the stress loading process of the casing in the well and the morphological characters of the casing erosion. The method is characterized in that: optical-fiber grating sensors are circumferentially arranged along the outer surface of the casing; a ground optical-fiber grating demodulation instrument connected with the optical-fiber grating sensors is utilized to monitor the circumferential strain Epsilon Theta of the casing and obtain the circumferential strain data of the casing; meanwhile, Brilliouin optical-fiber sensors are axially arranged along the outer surface of the casing; a ground Brilliouin optical-fiber demodulation instrument connected with the Brilliouin optical-fiber sensors is utilized to monitor the axial strain Epsilon Z of the casing and obtain the axial stain data of the casing; and the obtained circumferential strain Epsilon Theta and the axial strain Epsilon Z of the casing are utilized to obtain the stress of the outer layer of the casing in the well according to a ground stress explanation model. The method is characterized by being capable of permanently monitoring the deformation of the casing and obtaining corresponding stratum pressure under the condition without knowing the casing erosion and the stratum pressure.

The invention relates to a centralized kitchen waste treatment method which comprises the following steps of: (A) sorting kitchen waste; (B) separating oil from water; (C) treating oil; (D) treating sewage; and (E) treating odor. Compared with a traditional kitchen waste burying method, by using the centralized kitchen waste treatment method, a great amount of soil is saved and an available methane resource is generated, kitchen waste reaches 100 percent of harmlessness, more than 95 percent of resource utilization and more than 95 percent of quantitative reduction, and the harmless treatmentof waste and the recycle of resources are truly realized.

The invention relates to the essential oil of tobaccos as well as a preparation method and application thereof to cigarettes. The essential oil of the tobaccos is prepared by the following method of: taking discarded/defective tobacco wastes, extracting by an organic solvent, taking the crude extract of the essential oil, introducing water vapor, condensing and separating oil and water so as to obtain the essential oil of the tobaccos. By adding the essential oil of the tobaccos, which is disclosed by the invention and is used as a flavoring agent, into the tobacco shreds of cigarettes, the self fragrance of the tobaccos can be increased, the quality of the fragrance of the cigarettes is enhanced, the excitation and the miscellaneous gas of the tobaccos are reduced, and smoke is softened. The essential oil of the tobaccos as well as the preparation method and the application thereof to the cigarettes have the advantages that the advantage of higher extracting yield of a solvent extracting method and the characteristic of refinement of a water-vapor distillation extracting method are combined, the yield of the essential oil of the tobaccos is obviously higher than that of a traditional water-vapor distillation method, and extracting equipment and a solvent are simple and convenient and are easy to obtain; and moreover, no solvent residue exists in a final product of the essential oil of the tobaccos, and the safety of the product is high.

The invention provides an analog measurement method and a device of oil saturation in strata, which belong to a geophysical exploration testing method and an analog device. The analog measurement method of the oil saturation in the strata comprises the steps of simulating an actual stratum (manufacturing an artificial cemented rock core model), arranging an analog well, arranging an oil-water saturation monitoring system in the artificial cemented rock core model, constructing an electric field at the periphery of the wall of the well, obtaining the oil saturation illustrative charts of different pervious courses by measuring the change of the resistivity of the rock core model and the like. The method not only can well simulate and measure the underground geological condition but also can further learn the position of the residual oil of a reservoir and the change rule of the saturation, thereby learning and determining the oil accumulation reserves and the grade in the simulated stratum.

The invention relates to a method and system for establishing a multilayer oil pool inter-well connectivity model. The multilayer oil pool inter-well connectivity model capable of simulating oil and water dynamic states is established oriented to the limitation that by means of a current connectivity model, only the dynamic change of production liquid can be predicted, the dynamic states of the oil phase and the water phase cannot be calculated respectively, and connectivity analysis cannot be carried out layer by layer. According to the model, an oil pool system is layered and scattered into a series of inter-well communication units, matter balance equation calculation is carried out with the inter-well communication units as simulating objects, pressure solving and inter-well flow calculation are achieved, an inter-well saturation degree tracking calculating method is established with the combination of the lead edge boosting theory, and the output dynamic states of oil and water of all layers at well points are obtained; a model parameter inversion method is established in a fitting mode through dynamic states based on a random disturbance approximation method, a projection gradient method and the like. Layered inter-well flow distribution coefficients, single well longitudinal production liquid and production oil splitting coefficients and other information can be obtained in real time, the oil pool plane, the longitudinal oil and water flow relation and the production measure change can be more accurately reflected to guide the practical production of an oil field.