493 results about "Polyelectrolyte" patented technology

The present invention relates to a humidity sensor, and more particularly, to a resistance film-type real-time chromogenic humidity sensor produced with a polyelectrolyte thin film. The humidity sensor according to the present invention is a chromogenic hygrometer in which a polyelectrolyte nano thin film that absorbs moisture is formed on a reflective layer, and the nano thin film varies terms of color and electrical resistance as moisture is absorbed and the thickness varies. The hygrometer according to the present invention is a dual-function hygrometer, the color and resistance of which vary. Provided is the chromogenic hygrometer in which the sensor made using a PSS-b-PMB thin film varies in color between purple, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red according to humidity at a very high response speed of within one minute.

The invention provides a solar interface evaporator based on amphoteric polyelectrolyte photo-thermal hydrogel, a preparation method and application, and belongs to the field of solar interface evaporation. The solar interface evaporator with a three-dimensional multi-surface evaporation structure is prepared by combining the polyelectrolyte resisting effect of the amphoteric polyelectrolyte photo-thermal hydrogel and the porous capillary effect of the sponge, and has the characteristics of high light absorptivity, good water absorption effect, excellent antibacterial property, mechanical property, salt resistance, evaporation property and the like; particularly, compared with a traditional hydrogel-based solar interface evaporator, the water delivery capacity and the salt resistance in high-concentration saline water are greatly improved through the application of the autonomously designed zwitterionic hydrogel, water molecules in the saline water are activated through the cooperation of salt-resistant ionized water, the evaporation enthalpy is reduced, and the evaporation efficiency is improved. And a great positive effect is achieved on improvement of the evaporation rate. The evaporator is easy to prepare and excellent in multi-dimensional performance, and a new way and thought are provided for application to seawater desalination and wastewater treatment.

The invention provides novel liquid-liquid phase separation microparticles (LLPS MPs) as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The liquid-liquid separation (LLPS) system is micron liquid drops formed by driving under the electrostatic attraction effect of positively charged polyelectrolyte and negatively charged inorganic salt or organic salt in an aqueous solution. Polyoxometallate (POM) is used to stabilize it by electrostatic attraction and precipitate LLPS MPs having a ridge structure. According to the preparation method, [{(B-alpha-PW9O34) Co3 (OH) (H2O) 2 (O3PC (O) (C3H6NH3) PO3)} 2Co] 14-(Co7-POM) with photocatalytic water oxidation activity is selected to deposit micron particles, so that the micron particles have enhanced photocatalytic water oxidation activity, and meanwhile, the micron particles can be recycled through simple and feasible solid-liquid separation.

The invention discloses an electrochemical pressure sensor based on polyelectrolyte gel and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of pressure-sensitive elements and pressure sensors. The electrochemical pressure sensor comprises a polyelectrolyte gel pressure sensitive layer, a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the surface of the polyelectrolyte gel pressure sensitive layer is provided with a bowl-shaped groove array structure; the positive electrode is positioned on the upper surface of the pressure sensitive layer; the negative electrode is positioned on the lower surface of the pressure sensitive layer; the polyelectrolyte gel pressure sensitive layer comprises PVA, LiCl and PSS. The surface bowl-shaped groove array structure prepared by using the nucleation effect has excellent pressure-sensitive performance: on one hand, the sensitivity of contact between polyelectrolyte gel and an electrode to pressure is improved, so that the sensor realizes excellent pressure response characteristic; and on the other hand, the surface microstructure gel electrolyte preparation method with less damage to the mold and wider applicability is realized. The electrochemical pressure sensor provided by the invention has the characteristics of high response rate and high output power, and has important value for development of high-performance self-energized pressure sensors.

The invention relates to the technical field of food fresh-keeping materials, in particular to a chitosan-curcumin nano-composite fresh-keeping agent and a preparation method thereof.The chitosan-curcumin nano-composite fresh-keeping agent comprises nano-particles of a chitosan-sodium alginate-oxidized sodium alginate interpenetrating network structure, according to the nanoparticles, protonated amino groups of chitosan and carboxyl groups of sodium alginate form a polyelectrolyte compound core, aldehyde groups of oxidized sodium alginate and amino groups of chitosan are subjected to a Schiff base reaction to form a chemical cross-linked network, and zinc ions, amino groups of chitosan, carboxyl groups of sodium alginate and carboxyl groups of oxidized sodium alginate form coordination cross-linking; curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate form a compound through a hydrogen bond and a hydrophobic effect, the compound is embedded in an interpenetrating network structure, beta-diketone groups of curcumin and zinc ions form chelating coordination, a chitosan-sodium alginate-oxidized sodium alginate ternary interpenetrating network is constructed, and the chitosan-sodium alginate-oxidized sodium alginate ternary interpenetrating network structure is formed. The stability is improved by utilizing the synergistic effect of triple mechanisms of electrostatic interaction, Schiff base chemical bonds and zinc ion coordination.

The invention discloses a normal-temperature bacteria liquid enteric-coated targeted colonization microcapsule and a preparation method thereof. The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicine. The structure of the room-temperature bacterial liquid protection microcapsule is as follows: an inner layer is an activity maintaining layer and mainly consists of a sodium alginate-calcium chloride polyelectrolyte compound (the thickness is 50-100 microns); the middle layer is a pH response release layer and is mainly composed of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate (HPMCP, dissolved at pH of 6.8 or above) and nano calcium carbonate particles (the particle size is 50nm, and the proportion is 10% w / w); the outer layer is a mucous membrane adhesion layer, and the main components of the mucous membrane adhesion layer comprise fucose modified chitosan (Fuc-CS, targeted colonic mucous membrane lectin protein) and carbomer 940 (pH sensitive adhesion polymer); the method is a microcapsule capable of preserving the bacterial liquid at normal temperature and accurately targeting colon release and adhesion colonization and a process thereof, the problem of flora activity loss caused by a freeze-drying process can be solved, in addition, the process does not need freeze-drying equipment, and the production cost is reduced.

A new polyelectrolyte multilayer coated proton-exchange membrane for electrolysis and fuel cell applications has been developed for electrolysis and fuel cell applications. The polyelectrolyte multilayer coated proton-exchange membrane comprises: a cation exchange membrane, and a polyelectrolyte multilayer coating on one or both surfaces of the cation exchange membrane. The polyelectrolyte multilayer coating comprises alternating layers of a polycation polymer and a polyanion polymer. The polycation polymer layer is deposited on and is in contact with the cation exchange membrane. The top layer of the polyelectrolyte multilayer coating can be either a polycation polymer layer or a polyanion polymer layer.

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete admixtures, in particular to ultra-dispersed high-activity silica mortar, a preparation method and application thereof and a component, the ultra-dispersed high-activity silica mortar comprises silica mortar, the silica mortar contains polyelectrolyte, and the pH value of the silica mortar is 8-13; the polyelectrolyte is a linear carboxylic acid polymer and a salt thereof. The pH value of the silica fume slurry is adjusted to 8-13, and the dispersion effect of the polyelectrolyte containing carboxylic acid groups is combined, so that the charge property of the surfaces of silica fume particles is changed, the absolute value of the ZETA potential is increased, the highest absolute value of the ZETA potential can reach 50 mV or above, the strong negative electricity on the surfaces of the silica fume particles enables the particles to generate the electrostatic repulsion effect, and the particles are prevented from being damaged. The silicon ash particles can be effectively prevented from getting close to each other and being agglomerated by matching with the steric hindrance of the polyelectrolyte containing the carboxylic acid group, so that the dispersity of the silicon ash slurry is further improved, the dispersion stability is good, and the suspension rate in 30 days is basically 99.5% or above.

The invention discloses a modified thermal insulation coating and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of building energy-saving materials. One modified compound is a thermo-sensitive polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer self-assembled alumina microsphere formed by alternately depositing polyethyleneimine and polyacrylic acid through electrostatic interaction, and the polyelectrolyte layer can dynamically swell or shrink along with the temperature to adjust the heat conductivity coefficient; and the other is magnesium silicate nanofiber coated with silicon dioxide and then grafted with fluorosilane, the hydrophobicity is improved by utilizing the low surface energy of the fluorosilane, and meanwhile, the binding force with a polymer interface is enhanced. The coating further comprises fumed silica, a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent and other auxiliaries. The preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially adding the components into a high-speed dispersion machine, mixing, adjusting the viscosity, filtering and packaging. The coating has the advantages of intelligent temperature-sensitive adjustment, low heat conductivity, strong adhesion and weather resistance; the material is suitable for long-acting heat preservation in the fields of buildings, industrial equipment and cold chains.

The invention belongs to the technical field of thermoelectricity, and relates to a preparation method and application of a quasi-solid thermoelectric material capable of realizing humidity stability by means of phase separation regulation, the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving a negatively charged hydrophilic monomer, an electrically neutral monomer, a cross-linking agent and a photoinitiator in a solvent to obtain a precursor solution, and carrying out an ultraviolet polymerization reaction to form polyelectrolyte gel; mixing the eutectic solvent with an electrolyte aqueous solution containing redox ion pairs and lithium chloride to obtain a quaternary electrolyte system; and immersing the gel into a quaternary electrolyte system, and fully replacing the internal solution through a diffusion effect to obtain the quasi-solid thermoelectric material with stable humidity. The thermoelectric material has the advantages of excellent Seebeck coefficient, good stability, high mechanical strength, large power density and the like, can supply power to wearable electronic products in an actual humidity fluctuation environment, breaks through the main bottleneck of actual application of quasi-solid ionic thermoelectric materials based on ionized water gel, and is wide in application prospect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil organic matter improvers, and discloses a soil organic matter improver based on a compound microbial agent and a preparation method thereof, and the soil organic matter improver comprises the following components: a compound enzyme, a modified chitosan microsphere complex, a modified polyelectrolyte, an inhibitor L-methionine sulfoximine, a substrate, an auxiliary factor and the compound microbial agent. A compound enzyme system is used as a core, soil ammonium ions are circularly and efficiently assimilated through glutamine synthetase / glutamate synthetase, and the soil ammonium ions are converted into organic nitrogen; and energy guarantee is provided by virtue of polyphosphate kinase. The modified chitosan microsphere complex is used for protecting and slowly releasing enzyme and a substrate, and controlled release of the inhibitor L-methionine sulfoximine is realized through the modified polyelectrolyte, so that carbon-nitrogen balance of soil is regulated and controlled. The system has a synergistic effect with a compound microbial agent, the problem of soil organic matter reduction caused by excessive nitrogen application is effectively solved, meanwhile, the crop root biomass is remarkably increased, and the soil organic matter content is increased.

Extraction media for removal, concentration, and recovery of PEAS from contaminated materials in fluorous biphasic and / or multiphasic systems and related methods. The systems may include a fluorous functionalized solid support and a fluorous fractionation reactor permitting PFAS separation for targeted recovery. Extraction mediums comprise a polyelectrolyte with carbon dioxide / supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2 / SCCO2) with additional possible reagent modifiers that permit miscibility switches and compatibility with NSF / ANSI certifications. The extraction medium may include modifiers to enhance targeted recovery, such as F -solvents and / or organic carrier solvents. The disclosed systems and methods permit advantages such as 1 ) reduced sensitivity to PFAS-impacted phase co-contam inants such as competing anionic species and / or organic contaminants, 2) simple contact reactor retrofits, 3) enhanced removal of ultra- and / or short chain PFAS, 4) enhanced uniformity of matrix chemistry for downstream waste / wastewater management processes, and 5) the ability to recover valuable PFAS from waste / wastewater for processes that are dependent on their chemistry.

The invention relates to the field of water treatment, and discloses a scale and corrosion inhibitor for seawater circulating cooling water, which is prepared from phosphonic acid grafted maleic anhydride-acrylic acid copolymer, hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, amino trimethylene phosphonic acid, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N- The anti-corrosion coating is prepared from the following raw materials: N, N-diethylaminomethyl-benzotriazole, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, zinc salt and a polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer. The core of the invention is that all the raw material components form the thermo-sensitive polyelectrolyte compound through a self-assembly process. The compound is stably dispersed at low temperature by utilizing the cloud point effect of the block copolymer, and is subjected to phase change and preferential deposition on a high-temperature heat exchange surface, so that targeted and efficient delivery of various active components is realized. According to the invention, the problems of incompatibility of components and poor stability of a traditional compound agent are solved, the product has excellent storage stability, and efficient and synergistic corrosion and scaling control can be realized under high-temperature and high-salinity working conditions.

The invention belongs to the technical field related to tumors, and discloses a preparation method of self-developing embolism microspheres. Comprising the following steps: producing calcium alginate microspheres through cross-linking, obtaining polyelectrolyte hydrogel microspheres through electrostatic complexation, and obtaining the self-developing embolism microspheres through amino cross-linking. According to the invention, sodium alginate and polyamino acid are used as raw materials for preparation, so that the preservative is safe and non-toxic and has biodegradability, and the degradation product has no toxic or side effect on human body. The microspheres are prepared by adopting an electrostatic spraying method, organic solvents are not used, and the microspheres are green and environment-friendly and have no toxic residues.

The invention relates to an organic artificial synaptic transistor pressure sensor based on a suspension structure and an array, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of semiconductor devices and sensing. The pressure sensor is composed of a substrate, source and drain electrodes, a supporting layer and a suspension structure based on an organic semiconductor layer, a dielectric passivation layer, a polyelectrolyte dielectric layer and a flexible grid electrode, and current change is caused through contact change between the organic semiconductor layer and the source and drain electrodes so as to achieve pressure response. The pressure sensor has the advantages of low power consumption, fast response, high sensitivity, wide detection range and the like, and can simulate a biological synapse function to realize a pressure synapse characteristic which is crucial to complex signal processing. In addition, the integrated array of the pressure sensors can be combined with an algorithm to realize high-accuracy touch recognition of braille characters. The results provide a new opportunity for the potential application of the method in bionic electronic skin, touch imaging, electrical equipment monitoring, sensing, storing and computing intelligent terminals and man-machine interaction systems.

The invention provides conductive dual-network hydrogel carrying MOF (Metal Organic Framework) as well as a preparation method and application of the conductive dual-network hydrogel, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogel preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a hydrogel substrate from a neutral polymer monomer, a polyelectrolyte monomer, an MOF material and a conductive material, putting the hydrogel substrate into a growth solution of the MOF material and a mixed solution of an anti-inflammatory drug, and promoting uniform generation of an MOF nanosheet film on the surface of the hydrogel substrate and carrying of the drug under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. And thus, the conductive dual-network hydrogel carrying the MOF is prepared. The double-network hydrogel prepared in the invention has excellent mechanical properties, conductivity and antibacterial properties, and can realize controllable and accurate drug release.

Proton exchange membranes are described. The proton exchange membrane includes: a reinforcing membrane; a continuous non-porous hydrogen recombination catalyst coating, the continuous non-porous hydrogen recombination catalyst coating comprising a mixture of a hydrogen recombination catalyst and a proton conducting ionomer; and a continuous non-porous cross-linked polyelectrolyte multilayer coating, the continuous non-porous cross-linked polyelectrolyte multilayer coating comprising alternating layers of a polycationic polymer and a polyanionic polymer. Catalyst coated membranes incorporating proton exchange membranes and methods of making proton exchange membranes are also described.

The invention relates to a high-performance positively charged composite membrane and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a nanofiltration membrane containing a sulfonated imino covalent organic framework (TpPa-SO3H) interlayer. The nanofiltration membrane adopts a three-layer structure design, and comprises a base membrane layer, a TpPa-SO3H middle interlayer and a positively charged separation surface layer. Wherein the TpPa-SO3H interlayer is formed by in-situ growth of polyphenol and sulfated amine under the action of an oxidizing agent, and the separation surface layer is assembled and constructed through electrostatic attraction and hydrogen-bond interaction between positively charged polyelectrolyte and sulfonic acid groups. The TpPa-SO3H interlayer is introduced to effectively regulate and control the pore size distribution and hydrophilicity of the surface of the substrate, the formed negative electricity interlayer can promote the assembly of a polyelectrolyte positive electricity layer, and the interception performance and the operation stability of the composite membrane on heavy metal cations are remarkably improved. Compared with a traditional nanofiltration membrane, the composite membrane prepared through the method keeps high water flux (larger than or equal to 40 L.m <-2 >. H <-1 >. Bar <-1 >), meanwhile, the rejection rate of heavy metal cations such as Cr < 3 + >, Mn < 2 + > and Co < 2 + > is larger than or equal to 95%, and the composite membrane has excellent long-term operation stability. The preparation method is simple in process and low in cost, and has a wide application prospect in the field of heavy metal wastewater treatment.

The invention provides a preparation method of a gradient formation and polymerization solid-state battery, the solid-state battery is manufactured and produced by using a step-by-step formation and in-situ polymerization method, and the gradient formation and polymerization solid-state battery is prepared by the manufacturing process of injecting a conventional liquid electrolyte, injecting a precursor solution containing a polymer monomer and an initiator for multiple times after formation, and performing in-situ polymerization. Therefore, the gradient formation polymerization solid-state battery is formed. The method can effectively alleviate the problem of polymerization monomer reaction and the problem of fixed gas by-products of polyelectrolyte, is compatible with the existing conventional liquid battery production process, and reduces the production line cost.

The invention belongs to the technical field of contact lens care, and provides temperature-sensitive contact lens eye-moistening gel and a preparation method thereof. The temperature-sensitive contact lens eye-moistening gel is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: a gel matrix, a surfactant, an osmotic pressure regulator, an active component, a chelating agent, a buffering agent and the balance of injection water, the composition of the gel matrix is defined. Chitosan, sodium hyaluronate and polyvinyl alcohol are compounded to serve as a gel matrix, a polyelectrolyte compound is formed, gelation time is shortened, gel strength and swelling resistance are improved, biocompatibility is improved, and drug-loaded delivery of active ingredients is achieved; the gel matrix and the surfactant are reasonably selected, the viscosity of the solution is increased, the gelation time is shortened, the excellent effect of relieving eye fatigue and dryness is achieved, the wearing comfort of the contact lens is remarkably improved, and the oxygen permeation effect of the contact lens is not obviously reduced after gel forming.

The invention discloses an anti-seepage and anti-corrosion concrete mortar admixture for seaport wharfs and a preparation method thereof. The invention relates to a high-performance cement-based composite material which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-50% of Portland cement, 25-35% of surface-etched quartz sand, 5-20% of silica fume, 15-30% of a core-shell structure active substance and 5-8% of an ion response type calcium compensating agent. The core-shell structure active substance takes a micro-nano organic acid salt crystal as a core, and the surface of the core-shell structure active substance is coated with a polyelectrolyte response layer; the calcium compensating agent is formed by compounding calcium oxide and a zirconium phosphate carrier. Accurate crack self-repairing is achieved through a chloride ion triggered shell dissolution and calcium ion gradient release two-stage response mechanism, the anti-permeability grade reaches P18, the chloride ion diffusion coefficient is reduced by 50% or above, and the water-free self-repairing capacity for microcracks (smaller than or equal to 0.6 mm) is achieved.

The invention belongs to the field of water resource purification, and particularly relates to preparation and application of a solar photo-thermal water evaporation material with ammonia resistance and salt resistance. The evaporation material comprises a porous substrate material, polyelectrolyte hydrogel loaded in the substrate material and a photo-thermal material, and the difunctional solar evaporation material with ammonia nitrogen interception and salt resistance is obtained by polymerizing different types of polyelectrolyte hydrogel and photo-thermal material on the inner and outer surfaces of the substrate in situ. The prepared polyelectrolyte hydrogel evaporation material not only can utilize solar photo-thermal efficient evaporation to produce water, but also can utilize charged groups of the polyelectrolyte hydrogel to generate Donnan repulsive interaction on ammonia nitrogen and salt ions, has ammonia nitrogen interception and salt resistance functions, and is suitable for purifying seawater and brackish water polluted by ammonia nitrogen.

The invention relates to an efficient compound emulsifier based on hydrophilic polyelectrolyte, and belongs to the field of colloid and interface chemistry. The composite emulsifier is composed of a hydrophilic polyelectrolyte and an ionic surfactant, and the hydrophilic polyelectrolyte and the ionic surfactant have the same charges in a water phase. The compound emulsifier is an efficient O / W type emulsifier. Wherein the effective concentration of the polyelectrolyte can be as low as 0.001 wt.% of the mass fraction of the polyelectrolyte in a water phase, and the effective concentration of the ionic surfactant can be as low as 0.01 times of the critical micelle concentration (cmc) of the ionic surfactant. The composite emulsifier has good biocompatibility and can be safely used in the fields of food, medicine, cosmetics and the like. The efficient compound emulsifier can greatly reduce the use amount and emission of the surfactant, and has extremely high economic benefits and environmental benefits.

A polyelectrolyte-surfactant complex, a method of removing a toxic substance from contaminated soil or contaminated groundwater using a polyelectrolyte-surfactant complex and a method of making a polyelectrolyte-surfactant complex. The polyelectrolyte-surfactant complex is made from a complexated recombinant intrinsically disordered protein that has been electrostatically conjugated to an anionic surfactant to provide enhanced liquid-liquid phase separation properties.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage materials, and discloses a gel polyelectrolyte, a preparation method and application and an aqueous zinc metal battery. The electrolyte is of a micron-sized micropore three-dimensional internet porous structure, and the three-dimensional internet porous structure is formed by copolymerization of polymer monomers; the polymer monomers are acrylamide and zinc 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonate, the acrylamide provides a hydrophilic amide group, the hydrophilic amide group and a sulfonate group in the zinc 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonate form a dynamic hydrogen bond network, the sulfonate group is covalently anchored to a polymer main chain, and the polymer main chain is covalently anchored to form a dynamic hydrogen bond network. And a main carrier Zn < + > is coordinated with-O-and-N-atoms on a polymer chain. According to the invention, salt-free single ion conduction is realized, concentration polarization is inhibited by sulfonate covalent anchoring, a dynamic hydrogen bond network provides excellent water-retaining property, the problem of moisture evaporation of traditional gel is solved, the interface stability is enhanced by coordination of Zn < + > and a polymer chain, the dendritic crystal inhibition effect is remarkable, and the ion transference number is far greater than that of traditional double-ion electrolyte.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomedical materials, and particularly relates to a mesoporous silica functional filler and a preparation method thereof, and a composite resin material and a preparation method and application thereof. The mesoporous silica functional filler provided by the invention has remineralization performance and pH response type. Functional modification is carried out on the surface of mesoporous silica, the modified mesoporous silica can load phosphorylated chitosan / amorphous calcium phosphate through electrostatic attraction, and the pH response performance is given to the modified mesoporous silica. The phosphorylated chitosan can simulate the effect of dentin matrix protein 1, can regulate the remineralization process of dentin, and can chelate calcium ions to stabilize amorphous calcium phosphate in the solution to form an amorphous nano precursor. The polyelectrolyte may be replaced with a biomimetic analog to initiate the remineralization process. The size of the mineral precursor and the deposition sequence and layer of the mineral precursor inside and outside the collagenous fiber can be regulated and controlled, and meanwhile nucleation and growth of apatite crystals inside and outside the collagenous fiber can be promoted.

The invention provides an ionization type multi-mode tactile sensor based on polyelectrolyte interface regulation and a preparation method and a decoupling method thereof, the sensor is composed of an upper electrode, an electrolyte layer and a lower electrode in sequence, the electrolyte layer is a thin film made of polyelectrolyte materials, double-layer capacitance can be formed between the electrolyte layer and the electrodes, and the lower electrode is a thin film made of polyelectrolyte materials. The surface of the electrode is formed by arranging micro-structure areas and micro-structure-free areas at intervals, and a micro-nano structure array with the micro-structure areas can change the contact area between the electrode and the electrolyte layer when being pressed; the ionizing multi-mode tactile sensor based on polyelectrolyte interface regulation and control can accurately respond to temperature and pressure in a complex environment, overcome the problem that temperature change interferes with a force measurement result, realize bimodal accurate measurement of temperature and force, is suitable for the complex environment with large temperature fluctuation, and has a wide application prospect. And the sensor can stably work in a complex environment in which both the temperature and the pressure are changed, and high sensitivity and stability are kept.

The present teachings relate to a polymer system including a coacervate or precipitate formed through dipole-charge interactions or dipole-dipole interactions such as between a polyelectrolyte and a polyzwitterion, which form a polyzwitterionic complex. The polymer system can be used to deliver an encapsulated cargo, for example, a therapeutic drug product, which is released when the ambient pH increases.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a layer-by-layer self-assembled enzyme catalysis nanofiltration membrane and application of the layer-by-layer self-assembled enzyme catalysis nanofiltration membrane to removal of organic micropollutants. The preparation method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane assembly by using a polytetrafluoroethylene hard thick tube and polyether sulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane filaments; and alternately depositing polyelectrolyte and laccase in the hollow fiber membrane component to obtain the asymmetric polyelectrolyte gradient deposited layer-by-layer self-assembled enzyme catalysis nanofiltration membrane. When the layer-by-layer self-assembled enzyme catalysis nanofiltration membrane is applied to removal of organic micropollutants, due to the fact that the composite membrane has a relatively evacuated pore structure, and when the organic micropollutants are removed through rich hydrophilic functional groups of a modified layer of the membrane and the catalytic oxidation effect of laccase, high flux is achieved, and meanwhile the rejection rate is kept at a high level; the retention rate of organic micropollutant bisphenol A is 90% or above, and the retention rate of atrazine is 99% or above.

Extraction media for removal, concentration, and recovery of PFAS from contaminated materials in fluorous biphasic and / or multiphasic systems and related methods. The systems may include a fluorous functionalized solid support and a fluorous fractionation reactor permitting PFAS separation for targeted recovery. Extraction mediums comprise a polyelectrolyte with carbon dioxide / supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2 / scCO2) with additional possible reagent modifiers that permit miscibility switches and compatibility with NSF / ANSI certifications. The extraction medium may include modifiers to enhance targeted recovery, such as F-solvents and / or organic carrier solvents. The disclosed systems and methods permit advantages such as 1) reduced sensitivity to PFAS-impacted phase co-contaminants such as competing anionic species and / or organic contaminants, 2) simple contact reactor retrofits, 3) enhanced removal of ultra- and / or short chain PFAS, 4) enhanced uniformity of matrix chemistry for downstream waste / wastewater management processes, and 5) the ability to recover valuable PFAS from waste / wastewater for processes that are dependent on their chemistry.