796results about How to "Reduce mining costs" patented technology

The invention discloses an exploitation method for a wax precipitation oil reservoir. The method comprises the step of adding a chemical agent and thermal fluid into an oil layer to make crude oil in the oil layer smoothly seep into an oil well and then rise to the ground surface. The method has the advantages of effectively solving the problem of wax precipitation of the crude oil in the oil layer and exploiting the wax precipitation oil reservoir, greatly reducing the exploitation cost of the wax precipitation oil reservoir, prolonging the production period and increasing the yield of the oil well and enhancing the final recovery efficiency of the oil reservoir, along with easy implementation, safety and reliability and obvious economic benefit.

The invention discloses an exploitation method of a thick oil type oil deposit, which comprises the following steps of: adding a chemical agent and hot fluid into an oil layer, enabling crude oil in the oil layer to be successfully seeped to an oil well and then enabling the crude oil to be raised to the ground from the inside of the oil well. The invention has the following advantages that: the invention can effectively solve the problem of phase precipitation of the asphaltene of the crude oil in the oil layer, can effectively exploit the thick oil type oil deposit, lowers the exploitation cost of the thick oil type oil deposit greatly, prolongs the production period of the oil well, increases the yield of the oil well, enhances the final recovery ratio of the oil deposit and has easy execution, high safety and reliability and obvious economic benefit.

The invention discloses an extraction device for undersea gas hydrate and an extraction method thereof, which is characterized in that the device is directly communicated with undersea (10) gas hydrate layer (9) through a hollow rigid body (2); or the hollow rigid body is communicated with undersea (10) gas hydrate layer (9) through layers of sand and clay (8) or impermeable bed (11); a water pump (4) and a test and supervisory equipment (5) are provided on one side of the hollow rigid body, the water pump is connected with a drain pipe (3) which is above the sea level (7) through a pipe, the test and supervisory system is connected with an image pickup system and a pressure testing system, and a gas collecting pipe (1) is arranged on the top of the inside of the hollow rigid body. The extraction method comprises the following steps: 1) a hollow rigid body is built on the sea separated with water, and the hollow rigid body is communicated with undersea gas hydrate layer; 2) water in the hollow rigid body is drained out via a water pump to lower the water height in the hollow rigid body and reduce the pressure acting on the gas hydrate layer and the gas hydrate is decomposed into gas and water when the pressure acting on the gas hydrate layer is less than the balance pressure; 3) the decomposed gas escapes upward, is discharged through the gas collecting pipe and is collected.

The invention discloses a novel mining method of gently-inclined thin and medium thickness ore bodies. According to the method, ore bodies in one stope are stoped by dividing the stope into two stope areas through steps: firstly, stoping is performed at the stope area (1) by using a pillarless sublevel caving method: the ore bodies are directly caved in single sublevel by using medium-length blastholes; a certain empty area formed after ore removal is used as a free surface for stoping of the stope area (2); then, the stoping is performed at the stope area (2) by using a blasting force carrying mining method; fan-shaped medium-length blastholes are arranged in a manner perpendicular to the ore body tendency, and are filled with powder according to sections, the decking parts are the parts from the lower disc boundaries of the ore bodies to the hole bottoms; the empty area formed during the stoping of the stope area (1) is used as a free surface for blasting row by row; ores in the stope area (2) are thrown in the empty area by using the blasting force. The method integrates the pillarless sublevel caving method and the blast force carrying mining method, so that the supporting difficulty and the workload are reduced, the operation is safer, the mining cost is low, and the labor productivity is high.

The invention discloses a method and device for exploiting aquo-complex through the combination of the pressure reducing technology and the hydraulic fracturing technology. Double pitshaft sleeve tubular columns are designed. An outer pitshaft tubular column is used for exploiting natural gas aquo-complex from storage layers in the mode of reducing pressure and pumping gas. Various sensors are arranged at the bottom of an inner pitshaft tubular column and are used for detecting and monitoring conditions of the storage layers. Meanwhile, fracturing liquid is injected into the storage layers according to actual requirements, and manual hydraulic fracturing operation is conducted, so that the permeability of the storage layers is improved, and fluid smoothly flowing through channels and smooth conduction of pressure reduction and gas exploitation are ensured. The method comprises the steps of constructing an exploiting well, and arranging the double pitshaft sleeve tubular columns and relevant exploiting and monitoring devices; reducing pressure of natural gas aquo-complex and decomposing the natural gas aquo-complex; monitoring storage layer information, and utilizing the hydraulic fracturing technology to ensure the permeability of the storage layers; collecting and outputting natural gas and water. The method and device integrate the advantages of the pressure reducing technology and the advantages of the hydraulic fracturing technology, can be used for exploiting natural gas aquo-complex resources and can grasp and feed back storage layer change information at the same time so as to achieve the purpose of economic, efficient and safe commercial exploitation of natural gas aquo-complex resources.

The invention discloses an upward cut-and-fill mining method for an in-vein slope ramp of a gentle dip thin vein. The method comprises the following steps: stoping layers of an ore body, tunneling a cross gateway from a bottom middle haulage drift to the ore body, tunneling a diagonal slope ramp along the vein to rise for certain height, and tunneling a slice drift, a reversing chamber and a sectional ore removal draw shaft forwards along the vein, wherein the reversing chamber and the sectional ore removal draw shaft are perpendicular to the slice drift; reversely tunneling the diagonal slope ramp along the vein from one side of the slice drift to rise for the certain height, and tunneling the slice drift, the reversing chamber and the sectional ore removal draw shaft along the vein; dividing a stope by using the diagonal slope ramp as the boundary, continuously propelling from one end of the vein to the other end of the vein, reaching all the layers of the ore body by virtue of the diagonal slope ramp which is tunneled in the vein, and sequentially stoping and filling from bottom to top by virtue of each layer stoping unit in the stope. The upward cut-and-fill mining method for the in-vein slope ramp of the gentle dip thin vein is high in mechanization degree, small in out-vein stope preparation engineering amount, low in labor intensity, low in ore dilution loss, safe to operate and high in efficiency.

The invention relates to a method and device for conducting and recycling subterranean heat with production casings. The method comprises the following steps: previously selecting a discarded or idle or in-use well, respectively sealing the perforated pores at the well bottom and oil water layer by utilizing separators, closely connecting a heat radiator with the well mouth, vacuumizing the interior, and pressing a given amount of low boiling point medium or water to form a heat transfer unit for recycling subterranean heat with low-cost long-distance gravity assisted heat pipes. The low boiling point medium or water in the heat transfer unit vaporizes after absorbing subterranean heat, the vapor from latent heat of vaporization is continuously transferred to the heat radiator on the upper part, and the heat of the vapor from latent heat is transferred to a natural low-temperature liquid or temperature difference power generation module in the heat-storage energy-accumulation tank through the wall of the heat radiator, thereby recycling heat. The invention is used for solving the problems of high investment and difficulty in large-scale application in the application of subterranean heat, and greatly reduces the cost for utilizing subterranean heat.

The invention discloses a room-and-pillar major-diameter longhole inverted-step-like segmented lateral caving subsequent filling mining method for a steeply-inclined medium-thick orebody and gently-inclined and inclined extremely-thick orebodies with steady surrounding rocks at upper and lower panels. The method is characterized in that: an orebody is divided into panels, then the panels are divided into continuous single-stage stoping units, and mining is carried out by using a stoping sequence of stoping one unit every other unit, i.e., mining a room at first and a pillar next; when mining a room, a V-shaped trench bottom structure is employed, a longhole drilling chamber is arranged at the upper part of stope, bar-shaped pillars are left to support the top plate of the chamber, a down-the-hole drill is used for drilling rocks, an explosion mode of light section VCR method underholing inverted-step-like lateral caving with a common emulsion explosive is employed, access roads towards the room for ore removal are arranged in the pillars, and cemented roof-contact filling is employed; and during stoping of the pillars, access roads for ore removal are dug towards the pillars in cemented bodies in the room, a stoping manner for the pillars is identical to that for the room, and non-cemented filling with tailings and waste is employed. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of high security, a low production cutting ratio, great production capacity, low operation cost and small loss and dilution of resources.

The invention relates to an exploitation method for sea bed gas hydrate, which comprises a depressurization decomposition stage and an ocean surface-layer warm water injection stage, wherein in the depressurization decomposition stage, the bottom parts of two exploitation wells can be drilled into the gas hydrate layer, the two exploitation wells can be used for sucking the fluid in the gas hydrate layer by a down-hole pump, the bottom-hole producing pressure can be controlled by controlling the delivery of the down-hole pump, and high-permeable areas are formed around wellbores at the bottomparts of the two exploitation wells; after the depressurization decomposition stage achieves the preset depressurization production time, the ocean surface-layer warm water injection stage is carriedout; in the ocean surface-layer warm water injection stage, a water injection pump is started for injecting ocean surface-layer warm water into the first exploitation well, the gas hydrate is decomposed, and the decomposed gas is output from the second exploitation well with lower pressure under the driving of pressure. The method can be widely used for exploiting the sea bed gas hydrate and particularly for exploiting the gas hydrate in the tropical sea area, the subtropical zone sea area, temperate zone sea area and other sea areas with ocean surface-layer warm water.

The invention discloses a boundary-controlled room column type sublevel open stoping subsequent stage filling mining method which is used for slight pitch-steep pitch very thick and big ore bodies with firm surrounding rocks of upper plates and lower plates. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: dividing a plate area of the ore body, incessantly dividing three ore rooms and two ore columns in the plate area, performing step-like retrusive sublevel rock drilling stage ore removal from an upper plate to a lower plate of the ore body by adopting bottom structures of V-shaped trenches, and connecting sublevel fringe drifts through a service raise; during mining of the ore rooms, respectively tunneling rock drilling cross drifts on the two sides of a stope, controlling the boundary of the stope by adopting pre-splitting blasting in side holes, arranging ore removal routes in the ore columns for ore removal, leaving a first sublevel in the middle ore room without mining, and performing top tight filling by adopting cemented bodies with different mixture ratios; and during the mining of the ore columns, tunneling the rock drilling cross drift at the center of the stope, arranging bilateral ore removal routes in the reserved sublevel in the middle ore room for serving the two ore columns for ore removal, and performing the top tight filling on the ore columns by adopting non-cemented bodies. The method has the advantages of high safety, great production capacity, low operation cost and low loss and dilution rate of ores.

The invention discloses a method for acquiring three-dimensional permeability fields of netted fracture-cave oil reservoirs. The method includes: establishing a three-dimensional porosity field of a netted oil reservoir, and determining quantitative relation between porosity and permeability of the oil reservoir; acquiring equivalent permeability of flat and tubular fractures and caves, determining the minimal critical permeability value, subjecting the permeability of the minimal critical permeability value to truncation processing by taking the critical permeability value as the maximal value so as to obtain an equivalent permeability value; correcting the permeability field subjected to the truncation processing with a tracer agent and an interference testing result; correcting the permeability field by the aid of the numerical simulation method. The permeability acquired plays a decisive role in knowing oil reservoir developing rules, predicting oil reservoir yield, optimizing and adjusting production layers, optimizing and adjusting well patterns and well spacing, researching residual oil exploiting rules, profile controlling and water blocking, formulating gas injection and water injection schemes, exploiting cost of the oil reservoirs is reduced, exploiting efficiency of the oil reservoirs is improved, and the purpose of increasing economic benefit of oil reservoir exploiting is achieved.

The invention discloses a method for green and energy-saving extraction of a seabed unstratlfied rock natural gas hydrate and belongs to the technical field of natural gas extraction. The method comprises the steps of pre-treatment of the natural gas hydrate, pre-collection of the natural gas hydrate, separation of the natural gas hydrate, and collection of the natural gas hydrate. The working principle is that on the premise that the ambient temperature and pressure of a natural gas hydrate formation are not changed, natural gas hydrate solid sediment is extracted through submarine mining, phase change is conducted on the natural gas hydrate by means of hot seawater to generate an airlift effect, and then the natural gas hydrate is lifted the sea surface to be processed and natural gas is collected finally. Meanwhile, the airlift effect serves as the power source of an extraction head, external energy consumption is reduced, and sea pollution is avoided. The method is a green natural gas collection method.

The invention provides a method and system for extracting natural gas hydrate through thermal jet flow. The method includes the steps that a combustion reaction device is lowered to a downhole target position of a natural gas hydrate reservoir, oxygen and fuel are injected into the downhole target position, the combustion reaction device is powered on, ignition is performed, combustion products are jet out of the combustion reaction device to form high-speed jet flow, the jet flow and heat generated during combustion act on the natural gas hydrate reservoir so that natural gas hydrate can be decomposed, and decomposed natural gas returns upwards to the ground; the amount of injected fuel is gradually reduced till injection stops, meanwhile part of the natural gas returning upwards to the ground and water are injected and mixed with oxygen for continuous combustion, and natural gas hydrate can be furthermore decomposed. The system at least comprises the combustion reaction device, a continuous oil tube inner tube, a continuous oil tube outer tube, a cable, a production sleeve, a water supply device, a fuel supplying device, an oxygen supplying device, a natural gas storing, collecting and supplying device and a pump set. The method and system for extracting natural gas hydrate through thermal jet flow have the advantages that extracting cost is low, extracting efficiency is high and the system structure is simple.

A high-efficiency pour point depressant for thermal recovery process comprises (1) biphenyl, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives free of chlorine and sulfur elements; (2) liquid petroleum products containing arene larger than 5%, petroleum resin in liquid state at normal temperature or natural hydrocarbon aggregates in particle state at normal temperature; (3) surfactant; (4) fusel oil; (5) alcohol ethers having a closed cup flash point larger than 20 DEG C; and (6) oil-soluble or water-soluble polymers respectively having a nonpolar section eutectic with paraffin molecule and a polar section for twisting crystal form of wax crystal on a main chain and/or a branch chain. The high-efficiency pour point depressant of the invention performs all functions of both water-base pour point depressant and oil-base pour point depressant, and can efficiently assist the prior various thermal recovery processes in exploring high pour-point oil and heavy oil reservoirs, with the advantages of greatly reduced exploitation cost, prolonged production cycle of the oil well, increased output of the oil well, increased ultimate recovery of the oil reservoir,as well as significant economic benefit.

The invention discloses a green mining method and mining device for submarine shallow non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate. The green mining method comprises the following steps that on the condition that the ambient temperature and pressure of a submarine natural gas hydrate stratum are not changed, the natural gas hydrate is mined in a submarine mining mode and broken for two times to obtain a mixture of natural gas hydrate particles and seawater; thermal decomposition is directly performed on the mixture of the natural gas hydrate particles and the seawater at the bottom of sea in a sealed environment to obtain natural gas, wherein energy needed by thermal decomposition comes from energy generated through gas expansion work during thermal decomposition of the natural gas hydrate; the natural gas is delivered to the sea surface to be subjected to aftertreatment, and liquefied natural gas is obtained. The green mining device comprises a mining and breaking unit, a first transportation pipe, a decomposition unit, a natural gas transportation pipe, an energy supplying unit and a sea surface supporting unit.

The invention relates to a super deep coal underground gasification technology, comprising: firstly detecting according to a coal buried depth and a delineation shape, designing a main axial line extending continuously in a deep gasified coal bed according to geological conditions, wherein a vertical shaft and a horizontal well are arranged every 300m in the main axial line; burning a deep passage; igniting to bidirectionally simultaneously burn by adopting butane and electricity through the pressure of an air compressor so as to generate a coal gas. The ultra-deep coal underground gasification technology carries out deep underground gasification by utilizing the shallow coal underground gasification technology and the oil extraction vertical well and horizontal well combination technology, enables the deep coal to be sufficiently utilized and the part of coal resources to play a role, has low extraction cost and thoroughly realizes the energy greening and the zero emission through a poly-generation recovery and reinjection technology.

A drive assist device for a diesel-electric driven truck is provided to guide and assist a driver in starting to coast so that appropriate coasting deceleration suitable for load weight is realized. The drive assist device includes a course information database that stores information about a course, a truck body information database that stores information about the truck body, a current location determination unit that calculates current location information, a coast initiation timing calculation unit that calculates timing of coasting based on a current location and velocity of the truck and a target velocity at a predetermined point ahead of the truck, those of which being obtained from the databases and input information, the timing of coasting being used to achieve the target velocity at the predetermined point and a guidance unit that informs a truck driver of the timing of coasting according to an output of the calculation unit.

The invention discloses a divided mining method for an inclined medium-thick ore body with an unstable false roof. The ore body is divided into panels along the strike, ore pillars of chambers are divided in the panels and a top pillar is reserved during stoping; an outside-vein slice drift, a layered linking roadway and a trackless stope preparation project of a chute mine are distributed on the upper panel of the ore body, and an upward air roadway is filled and is distributed at a position at the center of the ore pillars of the chambers and close to the lower panel; chambers are mined firstly and the ore pillars are mined secondly in the panels, and the chambers and the ore pillars are mined in an up-down layering manner; the stoping is performed from an ore removal crossdrift, the false roof and the ore body are mined in sequence, after ores are conveyed out by a carry-scraper, the false roof at the lower sub-layer is subjected to caving in advance by shallow holes, waste stones of the false roof are reserved in a stoping field, and the ore breaking compensation height is compensated in a layering filling manner, the stoping is performed on the lower sub-layer, and the laying caving is performed on the false roof after layering ore breaking and ore conveyed out, the operation is repeated for multiple times until the stoping field is stoped completely, and the bottom layer of the stoping field is filled to close to the back. By using the method, the operating safety, high mechanical degree, no removal of the waste stones of the false roof, low production cost, and low ore dilution loss can be realized.

The invention discloses a non-pillar sublevel mining cemented filling mining method. The method is characterized in that sublevels are used as stoping units; stoping drifts are arranged in a staggered way in upper and lower sublevels; rhombic components are stoped in a sublevel mining way; the paces are the basic stoping units; deep hole breakdown is performed in upward fan shapes; multi-row hole short-delay blasting is performed; ore removal is performed under the barnyard condition; after the mining, the cemented filling is performed in time; and rhombic cushions capable of being cyclically used for filling partition wall reserved blasting compensation spaces, blasting free surfaces and the like of the partition wall are used, so that a series of problems of complicated and expatiatory production process, low mining efficiency, high mining cost and the like of the existing top slicing horizontal stoping drift cemented filling mining method can be solved under the condition of steeply-inclined large and thick ore bodies.