207 results about "Stoping" patented technology

The invention discloses a novel mining method of gently-inclined thin and medium thickness ore bodies. According to the method, ore bodies in one stope are stoped by dividing the stope into two stope areas through steps: firstly, stoping is performed at the stope area (1) by using a pillarless sublevel caving method: the ore bodies are directly caved in single sublevel by using medium-length blastholes; a certain empty area formed after ore removal is used as a free surface for stoping of the stope area (2); then, the stoping is performed at the stope area (2) by using a blasting force carrying mining method; fan-shaped medium-length blastholes are arranged in a manner perpendicular to the ore body tendency, and are filled with powder according to sections, the decking parts are the parts from the lower disc boundaries of the ore bodies to the hole bottoms; the empty area formed during the stoping of the stope area (1) is used as a free surface for blasting row by row; ores in the stope area (2) are thrown in the empty area by using the blasting force. The method integrates the pillarless sublevel caving method and the blast force carrying mining method, so that the supporting difficulty and the workload are reduced, the operation is safer, the mining cost is low, and the labor productivity is high.

The invention relates to a panel mechanized centralized ore-pass upward horizontal cut-and-filling stoping method. According to the technical scheme, an ore body is divided into panels in stages along the trend, and the panels are divided into chambers and studs at equal intervals according to the trend; a top pillar (17) and a bottom pillar (10) are left; the chambers and the studs are horizontally layered; a sublevel roadway (8), a pulse external slope ramp (2), a stope cross gateway (9) and a panel centralized ore-pass (4) are distributed on the panel lower plate to form a trackless stope preparation system; an upper-stage transverse drift (18) and a lower-stage transverse drift (7) pass through corresponding ventilation filling shaft cross gateway (16) and pedestrian water-filtration patio cross gateway (11) to be communicated with a ventilation filling shaft (15) and a pedestrian water-filtration patio (12) in each chamber or ore pillar. Mechanical mining is adopted, so that all chambers are stoped at the same time, and a mined-out area and the stope cross gateway (9) are filled when every layer is stoped; after the chamber mining is completed, the studs are stoped by using the same method, and the top pillar (17) and the bottom pillar (10) are finally stoped. The panel mechanization-centralized ore-pass upward horizontal cut-and-filling stoping method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being high in production capability, high in stoping efficiency, simple in stoping process and good in operation safety.

The invention relates to a method for drainaging pressure relief gas construction by a downward borehole in soft coal seam and strata, characterized in that a downward cross-seam borehole is arranged on the roadway segment retained for next sublevel on the mining face of a protecting layer, and the lower covered protecting coal seam is gas pre-drainaged through the downward cross-seam borehole. The construction of the downward cross-seam borehole comprises the following steps: a borehole enlarging segment is formed downwards from the bottom plate of the coal seam of the roadway segment retained for next sublevel, the borehole protection is finished in the inner sleeve in the middle lower part of the borehole enlarging segment, slurry is injected between the outer wall of the inner sleeve and a rock to from a borehole sealing segment, and the further construction of the downward cross-seam borehole is carried out in the inner sleeve. According to the invention, the pressure relief gas of the protecting layer namely the lower covered coal seam is maximally drainaged when the protecting layer is mined, the mining effect of the protecting layer is improved, and the safe stoping of the mining face is ensured.

The invention discloses a comprehensive underground test method for deformation and damage of terranes of mining top plate and mining bottom plate of a coal bed, comprising the following steps of: (1) constructing a comprehensive test system; (2) utilizing a network parallel electrical method to synchronously collect test electrode supply current and potential signal in boreholes of the top plate and the bottom plate, thus obtaining the electric field distribution situation between the top plate and the bottom plate of the working face in a control area; (3) respectively extracting the electric field parameter distribution situation of rock masses, the seismic velocity distribution situation and the displacement variation of terranes at different places in the borehole in the control area according to the collected data characteristics of various geophysical fields; (4) dynamically obtaining the parameter change of the geophysical fields in a detected area at different time along with the advancing state of the working face; and (5) completing the installation and sealing of facilities in the tested borehole before the stoping of the coal face. The method precisely masters the damage situation of the rock masses, thus not only delimitating the deformation and damage distribution situation of rock masses in the control area, but also precisely determining the water-guiding fissure zone height of the covered rock masses of the top plate and the damage depth value of the bottom plate.

The invention provides a method for reconstructing a floor limestone aquifer into a natural-artificial composite integrated aquiclude. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out research on prevention and treatment of harm of limestone water in a coal seam floor on a working face and determining a target layer for grouting reinforcement; constructing an end hole along the inclination direction of limestone in the target layer; carrying out advanced detection on the target layer via the position of the constructed end hole and subjecting the target layer to grouting reinforcement and reconstruction; and carrying out comparative study on the water-resisting properties of the layer before and after grouting. According to the invention, since the floor limestone aquifer is reconstructed into a natural-artificial composite integrated key water-resisting layer through grouting reinforcement, the integral strength of floor rock and the critical value of a water bursting coefficient are improved, prevention and treatment of hazards of deep high-confined limestone water are realized, and important guarantee is provided for safe stoping of the working surface.

The invention relates to a gas detection method and a device thereof in a goaf of stope of coal mines, which can carry out dynamic detection to the gas in the goaf of stope of coal mine. The invention lays a hard protective pipe with a plurality of detection through holes in an air-return gate road of the area of stope of coal mines, and leads the first detection through hole of the hard protective pipe to be positioned at the joint of the goaf and a working face, and gas collecting pipes are positioned in the hard protective pipe and penetrate out respectively from the detection through holes. During detection, the gas collecting pipe corresponding to the first detection through hole is communicated with a gas collecting main pipe so as to collect the gas in the goaf in real time and send the gas to a detection center for analysis. When the stope working face advances for a certain distance, the gas collecting pipe corresponding to the second detection through hole is communicated with the gas collecting main pipe, and a next hard protective pipe is laid after the last gas collecting pipe in the current hard protective pipe finishes the collecting mission, therefore, dynamic detection to the gas in the goaf can be realized.

The invention relates to a method for preventing and treating separation layer water of a top plate of a coal face. The method is characterized in that a drainage lane is constructed on a lower side of the coal face in the stoping direction and is at a position a preset distance away from the outer side of a lane; when the distance that a working face advances equals to a preset value of a caving step pitch, a plurality of separation layer water drainage holes are constructed from the drainage lane to a mined out space; orifice pipes are arranged on all the drainage holes, and the outlet water pressure of the pipe openings are detected; when separation layer water is drained through the drainage holes, the working face continues to advance forwards; and according to the indication of outlet water pressure of the pipe openings, the higher the pressure is, the more the drainage holes are, so as to ensure that before the working face advances to the caving step pitch, the outlet water pressure of the pipe openings is not more than 0.2 MPa. After the method provided by the invention is adopted, separation layer water can be drained effectively, so that accidents of damage of separation layer water can be avoided; and meanwhile, stoping of the working face and drainage of the separation layer water do not conflict, so that continuous and safe stoping of the working face can be realized.

The invention belongs to the technical field of mining, and further discloses a mining method with a residual ore recovery function. The mining method comprises the following steps: reserving a safety pillar which is in the thickness range of 5-15 m on the hanging side of the residual ore; dividing the ore body into continuous stoping units, completing stoping and filling, and then stoping the next stoping unit, wherein the stoping units comprise three continuous ore beds, namely the higher slice, the middle slice and the lower slice; preferably stoping the higher slice, and then sequentially stoping the middle slice and the lower slice; under the situation that complete stoping is finished, performing filling; after stoping the ore body of the higher slice, adopting concrete spraying support, anchor-plate retaining or anchor-plate retaining and bolt-connected chain support for supporting the pit, and utilizing the feed path as a compensation space, stoping the ore bodies of the two lower slices from the other side cross heading, after the ore bodies of the higher slice, the middle slice and the lower slice are mined, performing filling. The mining method with the residual ore recovery function is a safe and efficient filling mining method, can realize efficient recovery of residual ore, and can ensure both the mining efficiency and the safety.

The invention discloses a medium-length hole ore breaking synergistic anchor cable support subsequent filling mining method of a combined reconstructed structural body. The method adopts downward type sublevel stoping, and comprises the following steps: firstly, excavating a top cut heading way in a hanging wall surrounding rock; building an artificial roof (reserved with a fill raise) along the ore body striking direction by adopting smooth blasting after top cut is completed; excavating a multifunctional roadway integrating the functions of rock drilling, supporting and ore removal along the ore body striking direction in the hanging wall surrounding rock; and arranging fan-shaped blast holes by medium-length holes, and arranging a surrounding rock grouting reinforcement and anchor cable support hanging wall project by utilizing the medium-length holes at the same time to integrate surrounding rock grouting reinforcement, ore breaking by blasting and anchor cable support. By adopting retreat type stoping and ore removal by a scraper, the method realizes safe, efficient and large-scale stoping of ore bodies. The mining method is suitable for mining the inclined ore bodies with surrounding rocks which are evenly and stably distributed, and has the characteristics of being small in stope preparation work amount, safe and reliable to operate, high in stoping efficiency, etc.

The invention discloses a separation-wall-free initiative top filling wall type filling mining method. Panel type division is adopted; in a panel, a cutting roadway is used as a mining starting line to carry out lateral back-stoping; after the back-stoping, a goaf is formed; in a process of filling the goaf, the goaf is divided into a reserved cutting roadway and a filling space by adopting an airbag; a filling bag is laid in the filling space and filling slurry is conveyed by a pipeline and is used for filling; in a filling process, the leveling of the slurry is accelerated through manners of pressurizing, releasing pressure or exciting oscillation by the airbag; after the filling space is fully filled with slurry, the inner part of the airbag is pressurized before the filling slurry is finally set, so that the airbag is expanded and the filling slurry is squeezed, and furthermore, the filling slurry is compacted and initiative complete top filling is realized; in the next cycle of back-stoping, the reserved cutting roadway of the airbag is used as the mining starting line to mine. The initiative top filling of a filling body is realized and the consumption of the materials is less; the used airbag can be repeatedly used and cyclic utilization of resources can be realized. The separation-wall-free initiative top filling wall type filling mining method is applicable to mining of slowly inclined and inclined thin veins or safe, continuous and efficient mining of large and thick ore bodies.

The invention discloses a mining area self-reserved roadway non-pillar mining method suitable for a gently inclined coal seam. The method comprises the following steps of determining the exploitationrange for gob-side entry retaining without coal pillars in a coal mine, forming openings at main roadways, tunneling two mining area roadways and an air return roadway of a first-mining working face,and widening a crosscut to connect with a main air return roadway; connecting the three roadways and the crosscut, so as to form a preparation roadway and an air ventilation system of the mining area, which is the main feature of the method. The method is characterized in that the open-off cut is performed on a first working face, and various production systems are arranged; the stoping is performed on the first working face, and a gob-side entry retaining technique is used for remaining the roadway with a certain width as a transportation roadway of a second working face; the stoping is performed on the second working face, and the roadway with a certain width is remained as an air return roadway of a third working face; the steps are repeated for the subsequent working faces. The methodis used for realizing the stoping without roadway tunneling and coal pillars in the mining area.

The invention relates to a drill hole layout method for gas extraction during primary mining and stoping of a large mining height fully-mechanized face and mainly aims at solving the problem of transfinite gas during primary mining and stoping of the large mining height fully-mechanized face. A technical scheme of the drill hole layout method is as follows: low-position drill holes are formed in a gas special return airway of the fully-mechanized face mainly for extracting residual coal gas of a primary mining section; aiming at a problem that high-position drill holes do not function during primary mining, medium-position drill holes are formed for extracting goaf gas; aiming at a problem that the gas of adjacent coal seams rushes into the working face during primary mining and stoping of the working face, low adjacent layer gas stopping drill holes are formed and high-position drill holes are formed for extracting the goaf gas during normal stoping of the working face; the goaf gas is extracted orderly and continuously through the low-position holes, the medium-position holes and the high-position holes and the lower adjacent layer decompression gas is extracted through bottom-plate stopping holes; as a result, the gas extraction amount and the utilization rate of the gas are increased; moreover, a gas emission rate of the goaf is reduced; a windblown gas pressure is reduced; an advancing speed of the working face is increased and a coal yield is increased.

The invention provides a continuous stoping and filling mining method for a gently inclined medium-thick ore body and belongs to the technical field of mining. According to the continuous stoping andfilling mining method, the gently inclined medium-thick ore body is divided into sections in the vertical direction, the ore body is divided into stoping units, the stoping units are divided into strips in the moving direction of the ore body, separation pillars are reserved between the adjacent strips in the moving direction of the ore body, inclined ramps are excavated in the separation pillars,and stope connection roadways are excavated along the inclined ramps; the strips in the same stoping unit are divided into six first-step stopes and six second-step stopes, interval stoping is conducted on the stopes in the same stoping units, stoping is conducted on the first-step stopes firstly, then the first-step stopes are filled, and after filling body curing reaches the specified time, stoping is conducted on the second-step stopes; and after several adjacent stoping unit ore main bodies are completely mined and the stopes are filled, the stoping is conducted on the separation pillars,top safety pillars and bottom safety pillars between the stoping units. According to the continuous stoping and filling mining method, the mechanical degree is high, the production capacity is high,the ore stoping rate is high, the ore dilution rate is low, and safety is good.

The invention relates to a construction method of a large-volume-filling-body strength model of two-step open-stope subsequent-filling, and belongs to the technical field of mining. A cohesive-force calculation formula of a cementation filling body, an uniaxial-compressive-strength calculation formula and a shear strength calculation formula provided by the method form a complete strength calculation system, the large-volume-filling-body strength model of two-step open-stope subsequent-filling, and required strength of the cementation filling body is comprehensively calculated. Stability of the cementation filling body can by ensured by the cementation-filling-body strength, which is obtained through the model of the method, to provide a safe and reliable operation environment for two-stepstoping, the cementation filling body is also designed as layered filling according to a relationship between the required strength of the cementation filling body and height and can reduce a cementconsumption amount, safe and highly efficient stoping of mineral resources is realized with minimal filling costs, no-waste or low-waste mine mining is realized, mine environment protection is promoted, and mine disaster control is facilitated.

The invention discloses a novel method for collaboratively exploiting underground double stopes of an underground mine. Each ore block is internally divided into two stopes including a left stope room (9) and a right stope room (10), and a jamb (8) is reserved between every two ore blocks. A drilling chamber (1) is formed in the top end of each ore block, a downward blast hole (2) is formed in each drilling chamber (1) through deep hole rock drilling equipment, a controlled blasting technology is adopted, initiation of explosion is conducted segment by segment to achieve one-time explosion, the working face of the left stope room (9) is ahead of the working face of the right stope room (10), advancing is conducted in a ladder form, and caved ores are transported to a winze through an ore removal linked lane; an ore removal lane (5) is arranged on a single side of each ore block, the left stope room (9) and the right stope room (10) share the same ore removal lane (5), after stoping of a whole ore block is stopped, a goaf is subjected to backfill, a filing body (7) is formed, and the filing body (7) supports the jambs (8). By means of the novel method, double-stope synchronous stoping can be achieved for inclined and large and thick ore bodies which are good in rock-ore stability, and production capacity is high; synchronous ore removal of the two stope rooms can be achieved through only one ore removal lane of an ore removal structure at the bottom, and therefore the stope preparation work amount is reduced.

The invention provides a medium-length hole shrinkage stoping method. Stope preparation engineering comprises a ventilation way shaft, a segmented contact way, an ore drawing contact way, an extracted ore drift and a stope drift; personnel and equipment enter a working site through the ventilation way shaft and the segmented contact way; during recovery, a YGZ90 drilling machine is used for drilling upward fan-shaped blast holes along the height direction of a stope room; blasting recovery is performed from bottom to top one by one in a segmented manner; 'local ore drawing' is carried out after blasting is finished; and after flat fielding, a recovery work face has space with the size of 3m so as to meet requirements of rock drilling, then next blasting recovery operation cycle is performed until blasting recovery of the stope room is finished, and a large number of ores are discharged. The medium-length hole shrinkage stoping method has the advantage of small mining and development engineering amount of a shallow-hole shrinkage mining method and the advantage of high production efficiency of a sublevel open stop mining method, and has quite high reference and popularization significance on recovery of medium thick ore bodies in domestic mines.

The invention relates to a flat-bottomed pillar sublevel caving method of a reinforced concrete structure artificial roof. The method comprises the following steps of: performing sublevel stoping under a covering rock formation, wherein upper and lower sublevel stoping inlet passages are arranged in a diamond-shaped staggered mode in space, and provided with mining tunnels and bottom structures; and adopting scraper ore removal. The method is characterized in that: a scraper ore removal bottom structure adopts a flat-bottomed scraper bottom structure; before ore-bearing tunnels in all inlet passages under which the stoping inlet passages are formed are blasted to form bottom structures, along with the stoping of a stoping working surface, the reinforced concrete structure artificial roof with the same width as that of the ore-bearing tunnels is continuously paved at waste rock funnel control points of the ore-bearing tunnels; and all the inlet passages just above which the artificial roofs are arranged perform the ore removal under the covering of the reinforced concrete structure artificial roofs. The method has the advantages that: during ore removal, the artificial roofs can effectively prevent the formation of waste rock funnels, the ore stoping rate is improved, and the problem of loss and dilution is effectively solved.

The invention discloses a safe and efficient mining method for a steeply-inclined and two-layer ore body. The mining method is particularly suitable for the stoping of the steeply-inclined and two-layer ore body of which ore rock is stable, of which a lower ore body >= 15 m in thickness, and of which an upper ore body >= 8 m in thickness. The mining method comprises the steps of firstly mining thelower ore body of which an ore block is arranged perpendicular to the run of the ore body, dividing the ore block into an ore chamber and an ore pillar to preform stoping in two steps, then mining the upper ore body of which an ore block is arranged along the run of the ore body, dividing the interior of the ore block into an ore chamber and a rib pillar, only mining the ore chamber, and leavingthe rib pillar for roof management and ground pressure control. The stoping of the upper ore body and the lower ore body are all adopt a level large-diameter deep hole for blasting mining; the caved ore is removed by a scraper in a bottom structure; and a goaf is filled afterwards. The safe and efficient mining method for the steeply-inclined and two-layer ore body has the advantages of safe operation, low ratio of preparation to cut, high production capacity of a stope, high efficiency, good ground pressure control effect and the like.

The invention discloses a stoping working face supporting-relief combined gob-side entry retaining roadway. The stoping working face supporting-relief combined gob-side entry retaining roadway is arranged between a gob of a stoping working face and an adjacent working face, gangue-blocking hydraulic supports are arranged on the side adjacent to the gob and the side, close to the gob, behind an endsupport of the stoping working face along the trend of the roadway in the mode of closely following the end support, the gangue-blocking length is not less than the maximum daily pushing progress ofthe stoping working face, pier columns are arranged on the inner side, close to the gob, of the roadway, the pier columns are filled with concrete to a certain height, and then the pier columns are filled with high-water materials to ensure under-pressure roof contact; and in a mining-affected area of the advanced stoping working face or a lagging gob-side entry retaining roadway area, hydraulic pressure-relief drilled holes are formed from the roadway to a roof. The stoping working face supporting-relief combined gob-side entry retaining roadway is high in safety and reliability, high in construction speed, high in mechanization degree, low in cost and good in airtightness and has high adaptability to various geological conditions.

The present invention belongs to the field of underground mining method of various useful mineral, and is especially the mining of inclined layers of mediate thickness and thick mineral layer. The present invention features that by means of one increased rise heading and the explosion of columnar explosive, ore is thrown from the stope to preset chute opening. The said mining method has high safety, high efficiency, capacity of mining rock gangue layer, lowered lean ore loss and lowered mining cost. The present invention solves the difficult problem of mining inclined mine body.

The invention relates to an end ore-drawing caving mining technology with high using steel concrete composite man-made false roofs, characterized in that: in the stoping process of the end ore-drawing caving mining technology, with the stoping of the working face, waste-ore hopper control points at the ends of all stoping drifts continuously pave the man-made false roofs, the waste-ore hopper control points are arranged right above the stoping drifts, all stoping drifts which are provided with steel concrete composite man-made false roofs directly above the stoping drifts are subject to drilling, blasting and drawing under the shadow of man-made false roofs; the waste-ore hopper control point is an area which is located at the boundary between overlaying rock right above the draw holes and the caved ore and has the same width with the draw holes, and a man-made false roof comprises a structural steel support of the bottom layer of the bottom, a rhombic reinforcement mat of the top layer, and a concrete casting layer. According to the invention, caved ores can be separated from the overlaying rocks which are arranged in the top central area, the formation of the waste ore hopper is effectively prevented when ore drawing, thus the impoverishment and loss of ores obtained by the end ore-drawing caving mining technology is reduced, and the highly efficient end ore-drawing caving mining is realized.