213results about How to "Safe and Efficient Mining" patented technology

A remotely pressure-releasing method for sucking and exhausting gas from the low-air-permeability high-gas soft and thick coal seam is disclosed. The coal seam, which is 70m under the coal seam to be gas-exhausted and has relative interbeam distance of 30-70 times, is first mined. Under the action of pressure release and subsidence, the cracks are generated in the coal seam and the gas penetrates through the cracks and then is exhausted via predrilled holes. After the coal seam is mined, a great deal of gas is flowing along the seam and then is sucked by said predrilled holes.

A prevention method for a water body at an abscission layer on a roof plate for a working face of mining is provided, which can be applied for the coal layer that has formed abscission seeper on the roof plate before the mining. Before the mining on the working face, making drilling hole groups in the upward and downward direction to the mountain along with the slot (rail track lane and mechanical lane) under the working face, so as to realize simplified water diversion and discharging of well before mining; during the mining on the working face, conduct the water diversion and discharge throughout the ''whole process'' of mining via the mountain descending drill hole outside the mining impact scope of the working face, so as to cut off the water source for the abscission seeper on the roof plate; conduct the dynamic monitoring, diversion and discharge of seeper on the roof plate by estimating the height for the cultivation of a water guidance gap via the exceeding degree of mountain ascending direction over the coal layer to be explored as well as by going through the drill hole at the expected layer of abscission seeper on the roof plate. Therefore, by dynamic monitoring of abscission seeper and the diversion and discharge of seeper throughout the whole process of mining, the invention is able to realize the working environment without water, thus preventing the accident caused by abscission seeper and ensuring the high efficient mining on the working face. With simple method and convenient application, this invention is able to realize excellent social and economic benefit.

The invention provides a method for mining coal from a heavy pitch thick coal seam in a horizontal and segmental short wall manner. The method comprises the following steps of: supporting and caving coal by using a top coal caving hydraulic support in a work surface; drilling holes, blasting coal, and conveying the coal with a scraper conveyor; performing gob-side entry retaining by using a prefabricated metal shed or a plastic bucket. The coal-mining method can realize mechanical mining of the heavy pitch thick coal seam, greatly improves yield and efficiency of the working face and ensures safe production.

The invention provides a slotting and fracturing cooperation networking permeability increasing method for a low-permeability coal seam, which is applicable to regional gas control for high-gas-content low-permeability coal seams. The permeability increasing method comprises the following steps that: firstly, hole positions of slotting drill holes and fracturing drill holes are arranged alternately at a floor suction roadway in a networking arrangement mode; each slotting drill hole is subjected to high-pressure water jet flow slotting to form an annular slotted hole; and then, each fracturing drill hole is subjected to segmented fracturing, and a fracture net is formed in the coal seam. The slotting drill holes and the fracturing drill holes are in cooperative arrangement; the slotted holes formed by slotting are used for controlling the expanding direction of fracturing cracks; the number of cracks in the coal seam can be effectively increased through segmented fracturing multiple times; and good conditions are created for the drill hole gas extraction and the gas flowing in the coal seam. After the fracturing cracks are communicated with the slotted holes, a crack network is formed in the coal seam; the permeability coefficient of a coal body around the drill holes can be improved by 150 to 400 times; the single-drill-hole gas extraction effective influence range can be expanded by 2 to 4 times; the drill hole gas extraction quantity can be increased by 3 to 6 times; and the gas pre-extraction time in the high-gas outburst coal seam can be effectively shortened.

The invention provides an end slope coal bed remote control excavating mining method, which belongs to an end slope residue coal resource extraction method and is used for open pit coal mine end slope and hillside outcrop and shallow surface coal bed mining. A coal mining system adopts a remote control excavating machine system, which comprises an excavating machine and a remote operating and control room, wherein operating and control equipment consists of three parts including a mining flameproof excavating machine electric control box, an excavating machine electric control box and an operating table; the operation function of long-distance wired control is realized; the man-machine separation is realized; and during the coal mining, people operate in a safe operation room. The main mining flow process comprises the steps of cleaning preparation, initial stage mining roadway pit selection, excavating and coal cutting by the excavating machine, coal loading by the excavating machine, belt extending, outward coal conveying by a belt, pile pouring by a loading machine, laneway exiting after coal excavating to a preset position, equipment withdrawing, overhauling, and preparation again for next roadway pit extraction. The end slope coal bed remote control excavating mining method has the characteristics that the coal resource extraction rate improved; the production process is simple, safe and efficient; and the production cost is low, and the like. The safe and efficient mining of open pit coal mine end slope remained coal resources is favorably realized.

The invention discloses a coordinated-deformation energy-absorption anchor rod suitable for mining a high-stress large-deformation rock mass. The rod body of the anchor rod mainly comprises an elongated anchoring section straight rod body (1) and an energy-absorption section bending rod body (2), wherein one end, close to the energy-absorption section bending rod body, of the rod body is provided with a threaded section (5); a fastening nut (4) is screwed on the threaded section (5); and a steel pallet (3) is sleeved between the fastening nut (4) on the threaded section (5) and the energy-absorption section bending rod body. The anchor rod is mainly characterized in that: a wavelike bending energy-absorption section in a specific length and a specific shape is mechanized on a long straight threaded steel rod body in a heat treatment mode; the energy-adsorption section restrictively allows a wall rock to deform properly and simultaneously absorb the deformation energy of the rock mass until reaching total allowable deformation quantity meeting a design requirement. In the process, the supporting force of the anchor rod is increased gradually; and finally, after the bending section is completely straightened and a yielding effect controlled by a high-stress roadway ground pressure is achieved, the anchor rod becomes a high-strength rigid resin anchor rod for providing greater supporting force for a supported wall rock mass.

The invention relates to a dimension and dip angle adjustable type coal mine stope similar model test system and method. The system comprises a model bearing frame, a pressure loading device, a model frame rotating device, a centralized control device and a monitoring device, wherein the model bearing frame is used for laying a stope similar model; the centralized control device is used for sending a pressure application control instruction to the pressure loading device according to a pressure value set by the test and sending a rotation control instruction to the model frame rotating device according to a dip angle value set by the test; the pressure loading device is used for applying pressure to the model bearing frame according to the pressure application control instruction; the model frame rotating device is used for enabling the model bearing frame to rotate by the set dip angle according to the rotation control instruction; the monitoring device is used for monitoring the state of the stope similar model in an excavation process. With the adoption of the system provided by the invention, the pressure characteristics of a coal working face of different dip angles, different buried depths and different coal seam thicknesses of a coal mine site can be simulated in a laboratory.

The invention discloses a waste rock and cementing layered wedge bonding filling mining technology and a structure thereof. In the mining process through an upward horizontal cut and fill method, upward stoping and filling are conducted by adoption of layers with the depth being 3-4 m; three layers serve as a section; the first layer and the third layer are separately subjected to cementing filling through tailings; the second layer in the middle is filled with waste rock in a spaced and mixed mode; the bottom face pavement range is set according to the size of a stope, and a certain distance is kept from the periphery; and the periphery of a waste rock pile is still subjected to cementing filling through tailings, and the tailings are in contact and connection with cementing filling bodies of the upper layer and the lower layer. By adoption of the waste rock and cementing layered wedge bonding filling mining technology and the structure thereof, the problems that in the prior art, technologies are complex, the cost is high, the labor productivity and the ore block production capacity are relatively low, and waste rock cannot be reasonably applied are solved, and by adoption of a layered wedge bonding mixed filling method, the strength of the filling bodies is ensured, a large amount of downhole waste rock is consumed, cementing filling materials are saved, and the layered wedge bonding mixed filling method has the characteristics of being safe in operation, high in filling efficiency and low in cost.

The invention discloses a method for determining the setting size of coal columns in fully mechanized caving coal mine gob-side entrydriving. Means such as indoor test, theoretical calculation, numerical simulation and field test are adopted; a strong constraining and reinforcing scheme for coal columns of 'anchor pole + metal mesh + concrete injection+ reinforcement of coal columns with hollow grouting anchor cable' is provided; the reasonable setting width of coal columns is determined and the long-term stability of coal columns and mining roadways is guaranteed. By means of the method, on one hand, the tunnel later maintenance engineering work load and the maintenance cost are greatly reduced, and on the other hand, the safe and efficient recovery of the working faces is guaranteed. Therefore, the provided method for determining setting size of coal columns in fully mechanized caving coal mine gob-side entrydriving is of great theoretical significance and has engineering practice value.

The invention discloses a device and method for exploiting terrestrial natural gas hydrates through CO2 fracturing and displacing. The device is composed of a CO2 control system, a natural gas hydrate control system and a power generation control system; the power generation control system is connected to the CO2 control system and the natural gas hydrate control system, and the CO2 control system is connected with the natural gas hydrate control system. According to the device and method, by combining CO2 dry fracturing with CO2 displacing, the problems that when the hydrates are exploited only by adopting CO2 displacing, the speed and the efficiency are low are solved, hydrate exploiting and greenhouse gas burying and storing are integrated into a whole, and meanwhile the stability of a hydrate layer in the exploiting process is guaranteed. Information such as the pressure, the temperature and the permeability of the hydrate layer can be collected in real time in the fracturing and exploiting process, the exploiting speed of hydrate decomposition gas and improvement treatment on the reservoir permeability are adjusted and controlled according to the information, and therefore the purpose of efficient and safe exploiting is achieved.

This is a gas extraction method for a single burst coal bed of stable coal occurrence, angle less than 10o, and firm index over 0.5. Drill a hole from top working face downward along the coal bed from shallow bed to deep, from low gas concentration zone to high for pre-extraction to lower down the gas concentration.

The invention discloses a curtain grouting process suitable for water-rich mine underground mining water plugging. According to the arrangement method of grouting holes, six grouting holes facing upwards by 5 degrees, six grouting holes facing upwards by 15 degrees and six grouting holes facing upwards by 25 degrees are formed in each chamber, the grouting holes facing upwards by 5 degrees, the six grouting holes facing upwards by 15 degrees and the six grouting holes facing upwards by 25 degrees are evenly distributed in the plane in a 60-degree staggered mode, and grouting holes facing downwards by -5 degrees, grouting holes facing downward by -30 degrees and grouting holes facing downwards by -60 degrees are formed outward in the chambers at the ends. According to the grouting process, bagged cement in a ground warehouse is transported to underground positions where grouting and leveling are needed, grouting is conducted through a working face temporary stirring station, a two-level pulp storage pond, a grouting pump, a grouting pipe and a hole opening high pressure device, grouting is completed after the designed final grouting pressure is reached, and the whole curtain grouting work is completed after further maintenance and hole cleaning. A grouting curtain with a high water plugging rate is set up underground for roof karst cracks, the water isolation function and the reinforcing function can be achieved, an ore body is safely and efficiently freed under protection of the grouting curtain, technical guarantees are provided for safe and efficient mining of the mine, project input is small, and the construction period is short.

The present invention relates to a novel method of mining underground coal and recovering coal seam gas, the method including locating a seam of coal; digging a mine shaft to reach the seam of coal; constructing a ventilated underground control center which includes a computerized control panel, wherein the computerized control panel controls the movement of a drill head, a hollow drill shaft, a movable hydraulic shield, a movable resin roof bolting machine, and a movable waste extrusion device; providing mining personnel to the ventilated underground control center; and allowing the mining personnel to operate the computerized control panel wherein they perform the tasks of moving the drill head into the seam of coal to obtain aggregate coal and coal seam gas; extruding waste material into mined-out space of the coal seam; and transferring the aggregate coal and coal seam gas to the surface of the earth.

The invention relates to a construction method of a large-volume-filling-body strength model of two-step open-stope subsequent-filling, and belongs to the technical field of mining. A cohesive-force calculation formula of a cementation filling body, an uniaxial-compressive-strength calculation formula and a shear strength calculation formula provided by the method form a complete strength calculation system, the large-volume-filling-body strength model of two-step open-stope subsequent-filling, and required strength of the cementation filling body is comprehensively calculated. Stability of the cementation filling body can by ensured by the cementation-filling-body strength, which is obtained through the model of the method, to provide a safe and reliable operation environment for two-stepstoping, the cementation filling body is also designed as layered filling according to a relationship between the required strength of the cementation filling body and height and can reduce a cementconsumption amount, safe and highly efficient stoping of mineral resources is realized with minimal filling costs, no-waste or low-waste mine mining is realized, mine environment protection is promoted, and mine disaster control is facilitated.

The invention relates to drainage methods for gas sources in different zones of a working face leading coal and rock mass fractured zone, a working face and a working face goaf, and a zone close to the working face goaf in the top-coal caving mining process of an extra-thick coal seam, in particular to a stereo treatment method for low-occurrence and high-emission gas according to sources and zones. The stereo treatment method for the low-occurrence and high-emission gas by sources and zones has the following advantages that (1) through a gas drainage drilling hole, a gas drainage roadway and a strike drainage drilling hole arranged continuously, gas in different zones of the working face leading coal and rock mass fractured zone, the working face and the working face goaf can be drained, and the gas concentration in the working face is minimized; and (2) gas in a working face deep goaf can be drained at any time, and the defects that the traditional drainage method cannot drain the gas in the working face deep goaf is overcome.

The invention provides an artificial top construction method based on paste filling and belongs to the technical field of mining engineering. The method comprises the steps of drift excavation, beam head excavation, hanging bar arrangement and paste filling. According to the method, artificial top filling drifts are excavated firstly, and a steel bracket and a timber support are erected; secondly, chambers are excavated on the two sides of a roadway every other 3 m, and each chamber is 150 cm wide, 150 cm height and 200 cm deep; thirdly, bar arrangement is conducted, bottom bars and hanging bars are arranged, and the bottom bars include horizontal bars and longitudinal bars; fourthly, paste filling is conducted, strength reaches 4-5 Mpa within 28 days, and the mass concentration of paste is 78-80%. According to the method, work amount is small, construction cost is low, construction is easy, risks caused by insufficient span or excessive span of a filled artificial top are avoided, drilling safety is improved for workers, and high-level large-diameter deep-hole safe and efficient recovery of weak broken ore bodies can be achieved. The method provides a new idea for large-scale mining of the ore bodies.

The present invention belongs to the field of underground mining method of various useful mineral, and is especially the mining of inclined layers of mediate thickness and thick mineral layer. The present invention features that by means of one increased rise heading and the explosion of columnar explosive, ore is thrown from the stope to preset chute opening. The said mining method has high safety, high efficiency, capacity of mining rock gangue layer, lowered lean ore loss and lowered mining cost. The present invention solves the difficult problem of mining inclined mine body.

The invention discloses a reasonable width determination method for a gob-side entrydriving narrow coal pillar based on fracture evolution. The method comprises the following five steps: observing roadway deformation and coal pillar fracture distribution characteristics on site; establishing a UDEC-Trigon numerical model to match with on-site condition to determine model parameters; reversing an evolution rule of fractures in different coal pillar widths; determining the reasonable coal pillar width fracture evolution penetration; and finally providing a high pre-stressed anchor and anchor cable technology to control stability of the coal pillar. By adopting a damage factor for quantifying assessment of fracture evolution penetration to finally determine the optimum reasonable width of thegob-side entrydriving narrow coal pillar, inner fractures of the coal pillar in a service period are not penetrated, and gas in a goaf can be isolated effectively while the coal pillar is carried stably.

The invention relates to a pressure relief gas directional drilling and blocking extraction method for mining adjacent layers in a close-range coal seam group. An upper coal seam is a first mining layer, when the upper coal seam is mined, and pressure relief gas in a central coal seam is blocked and extracted by directional drilling in an upper bottom plate; when the central coal seam is mined, gas in a mined-out area of the upper coal seam and the pressure relief gas which is mined in the central coal seam are blocked and extracted by directional drilling in the upper bottom plate, and the pressure relief gas in a lower coal seam is blocked and extracted by directional drilling in a lower bottom plate; when the lower coal seam is mined, gas in a mined-out area of the central coal seam andthe pressure relief gas which is mined in the lower coal seam are blocked and extracted by directional drilling in the lower bottom plate. The pressure relief gas directional drilling and blocking extraction method solves the problems that in the mining process of the close-range coal seam group, the pressure relief gas in the adjacent layers mutually pours into each other, thereby causing the gas in a coal mining working face and the mined-out area easily exceed the limit, difficult to manage and the like. The pressure relief gas directional drilling and blocking extraction method has the advantages of long effective hole length, multi-purpose use of one hole, high extraction efficiency, low treatment cost and the like, and realizes safe and efficient mining of the close-range coal seamgroup.

The invention relates to a method for inclined normally closed stoping of a too old roadway under the complicated condition. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) a early stage preparation work step and (2) a later-stage construction step. The method has the advantages that under the complicated conditions, the statistic analysis is performed on the old roadway layerposition condition, the sealing condition in the old roadway, the slurry condition and the old material condition in the inclined long-wall too old roadway stoping period; potential safety hazards inaspects of layer position regulation, too old roadway technical schemes, fireproof and fire extinguishing measures, electromechanical device state control, lifting transportation management, water proofing and water discharge and the like in the working face stoping process are investigated in detail, so that the effective technical measures are made in a targeted way; and the working face reaches the safe and efficient stoping goal. The equipment fault rate is reduced; and the enterprise benefits are improved.