733results about "Surface mining" patented technology

The invention discloses an intelligent collaborative supporting and recycling method for residual mining of special-shaped pillars in a limited space, and belongs to the technical field of mining engineering. According to the method, an intelligent closed-loop system of sensing, decision-making, execution and feedback is constructed aiming at the problems of narrow space, complicated stress, high safety risk and the like faced by special-shaped ore pillar recovery in a limited space. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing a dynamic digital twinborn model by using LiDAR and GPR fusion detection; secondly, performing stoping-supporting collaborative optimization design based on numerical simulation and an AI algorithm; then, low-disturbance blasting and micro intelligent equipment are adopted for precise subsection stoping; the mining-supporting-filling cycle operation is synchronously implemented, and an artificial key layer is quickly constructed by using a quick-setting expansion material; and finally, multi-stage intelligent early warning and dynamic regulation and control are realized through a multi-element sensor network. According to the method, the recovery rate of residual ore resources can be remarkably increased to 90% or above, ground pressure disasters are effectively controlled, and green, safe and efficient recovery of mine resources is achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of underground mining of metal ore deposits, in particular to a staged ascending pillar-free large-diameter deep-hole lateral caving subsequent filling mining method, which comprises the following steps of: dividing a steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body into a plurality of stages, and dividing large and small stopes in the stages without leaving pillars; digging a flat-bottom ore removal structure at the bottom of the stope, and digging a rock drilling chamber at the bottom of the stope at the upper stage; digging a cutting well at the end part of the stope and expanding the cutting well into a cutting groove; large-diameter parallel deep holes are drilled downwards in the rock drilling chamber, and lateral ore caving is carried out with cutting grooves as free faces; the caved ore is transported out by a carry-scraper through the flat-bottom ore removal structure; and the stope goaf is subjected to subsequent cemented filling. The small stopes are firstly stoped and filled with the 1: 4 full-tailing cementing material, and after the small stopes are solidified, the large stopes are stoped and filled with the 1: 20 full-tailing cementing material. The method has the characteristic of ascending stoping among stages, and has the advantages that pillar-free continuous stoping is realized, and the rock drilling chamber is used as a flat bottom ore removal structure to be reused.

The invention discloses a key layer presplitting settlement control method based on overlying strata fracture angle arrangement. The method comprises the steps that geological mining parameters of a target mine are collected and determined; based on the physical and mechanical parameters of each rock stratum, determining the horizon height of the key stratum in combination with a thick and hard rock stratum judgment criterion; according to coal seam mining parameters and overlying strata lithology, the height of a water flowing fractured zone is judged, and high and low horizon classification is conducted on the water flowing fractured zone by combining the horizon of the key horizon; according to the development law of overlying strata damage along the fracture angle from bottom to top, the presplitting position in the horizontal direction of each layer key layer in the presplitting range is calculated and determined, and full-section directional presplitting cutting is carried out; based on thick and hard rock stratum mining-induced stress distribution characteristics and a damage deformation transmission mechanism, a working face moving boundary and a reduction distance of a building (structure) protection coal pillar after key stratum presplitting are calculated and determined. According to the method, presplitting implementation is guided based on the key layer fracture rule, and a new technical approach is provided for subsidence control of the mining area.

The invention discloses a short-distance multi-ore-bed potassic salt ore large-section long-strip comprehensive mechanized mining method, and belongs to the technical field of potassic salt ore deposit mining. The method comprises the steps that a centralized transportation roadway is arranged on an upper head mining layer, an auxiliary transportation roadway is arranged in a stable salt rock interlayer between ore layers, and combined development is achieved; arranging large-section long strip chambers in the ore blocks along the inclination direction, and reserving permanent spacing strip pillars to maintain the stope to be stable; a chamber is cut and formed at a time by a double-arm large-mining-height mining machine, and efficient stoping is realized by matching with a continuous transportation system; multiple ore beds are mined in a coordinated mode from top to bottom in sequence, and the ore block air return way and the ore block air return way of the upper ore bed are staggered by 20 m or above so as to avoid stress superposition; a full-air-pressure ventilation system combining a press-in type and a draw-out type is constructed; natural supporting is achieved through permanent spacing strip pillars and natural top and bottom plates, safety is guaranteed through a micro-seismic and top plate monitoring system, and the goaf is backfilled with tail salt slurry to achieve green mining. According to the method, safe, efficient and high-recovery-rate mining of the short-distance multi-ore-bed sylvite ore is achieved.

The invention discloses a ground directional drilling goaf passing leaking stoppage method which comprises the steps that hole data of a goaf are obtained, and the hole data comprise the hole depth and the crack width; when the width of the crack is larger than 5 mm, a foundation plugging material is adopted for conducting foundation plugging on the hole of the goaf, and the foundation plugging material is an inert material and cement paste; judging whether basic plugging fails or not to obtain a first judgment result; if the first judgment result shows that the basic plugging fails, a flexible plugging material is adopted for conducting medium-term plugging on the holes in the goaf, and the flexible plugging material is a material formed by mixing hemp fiber, sawdust, soybeans and water. According to foundation plugging, a large channel is filled through particle bridging, a primary plugging layer is formed after cement paste is solidified, the flexible material can adapt to trace deformation of surrounding rock through deformation filling, and micro cracks of a foundation layer are plugged. Through graded gradient filling, the leaking stoppage effect can be greatly improved.

The invention discloses a method for mining and supporting a downward inverted trapezoidal long drift of a steeply inclined thin vein, and belongs to the technical field of mine engineering. A horizontally arranged main connection way is used as a shared connection way of other layers in a section, so that an opening area of the connection way of the next layer is located in the connection way of the previous layer, and meanwhile, the opening position is controlled; projections of all the openings on the main connection way are not overlapped, and projections of all the layered connection ways in the vertical direction are not completely overlapped. For the non-adjacent stopes, the opening of the connection way is arranged in the adjacent layered connection way closest to the main connection way, so that the repeated tunneling workload is reduced through roadway sharing, the engineering construction cost is directly reduced, and the construction period is directly shortened; meanwhile, by means of the design that the staggered openings and the vertical projection are not completely overlapped, the situation that all the layered connection ways form continuous empty areas in the vertical direction is avoided, surrounding rock stress is dispersed, and the problem that in the prior art, surrounding rock is broken due to stress superposition is solved.

The application discloses a coal rock anti-burst method of large-range seam forming by remote controllable shock wave and hydraulic fracturing, and comprises the following steps: step one, detecting and recording the stress concentration degree of target coal seam or rock stratum; step two, drilling; step three, withdrawing the hollow drill rod, arranging the discharge electrode connected with the cable at the front end of the hollow drill rod, and sending the discharge electrode into the drill hole through the hollow drill rod; step four, sealing the hole by using a hole sealer and performing hydraulic fracturing; steps five to seven, completing multiple repeated electric pulse discharge operations; and step eight, testing the pressure relief effect of the coal seam or rock stratum. The method uses the drilling cuttings method, high-pressure hydraulic fracturing and high-voltage electric pulse to perform large-range cracking and pressure relief on the coal rock stratum, changes the stress state of the coal rock stratum, and reduces the stress concentration degree, so that the anti-burst purpose is achieved. The method is mainly applied to deep coal rock body tunneling roadways and coal mining working faces containing coal rock body impact tendency.

The invention discloses a coal mining equipment state sensing method based on large model and digital twinning, which relates to the technical field of state sensing, and comprises the following steps: inputting a multi-modal data set into a quantum convolution encoder, carrying out feature compression through a quantum state superposition principle, selecting key feature fragments by utilizing an attention gating mechanism, and carrying out feature compression on the key feature fragments; generating a multi-scale digital twin of the device; according to the multi-scale digital twins, a space-time diagram Transform network is used for establishing a dynamic correlation model between equipment parts, the interaction intensity between the parts is quantified through a diagram attention mechanism, the equipment state evolution process is described through a neural differential equation, and an equipment state evolution model is obtained; combining the equipment state evolution model with the generative adversarial network, and simulating an equipment degradation path through a generator; according to the method, key dynamic fragments are adaptively screened through an attention gating mechanism, the classic convolution serial bottleneck and fixed attention rule limitation are broken through, exponential-level dimension reduction is achieved, and a degeneration-related space-time mode is accurately captured.

The present application belongs to the field of coal mine roadway construction, and particularly relates to a method for self-forming a roadway by top cutting at a negative angle. The method comprises the following steps: drilling a field in front of a working face and close to a right side of a mining roadway; drilling anchor holes and top cutting holes along a strike and staggered construction, and installing grouting anchor cables in the field; cutting the basic roof and the immediate roof at a negative angle through the top cutting holes at the back of the working face, constructing a roadway-side gangue retaining structure, grouting through the grouting anchor cables and anchoring the grouting anchor cables on the roadway-side gangue retaining structure; and monitoring the deformation of the steel mesh at the grouting anchor cable and adjusting through a nut. The present application can ensure that the construction position of the roadway-side gangue retaining structure does not affect the width of the self-supporting roadway and the integrity of the roof by constructing a field of a certain width in advance. The negative angle top cutting holes can cut a section that is deviated to the direction of the goaf, so that the gangue formed by the collapse of the immediate roof moves to the direction of the goaf and does not move to the mining roadway in large quantities, thereby ensuring the safety of the construction in the mining roadway.

The invention provides a coal mining subsidence land mining while treatment method and system based on multi-source monitoring and dynamic prediction, and belongs to the technical field of coal mining governance, the coal mining subsidence land mining while treatment system based on multi-source monitoring and dynamic prediction comprises a sensing layer, a data layer, an intelligent layer and an application layer; wherein the sensing layer comprises a'satellite-air-ground-well 'integrated monitoring network; wherein the data layer comprises a fusion and processing network; wherein the intelligent layer comprises an analysis and prediction network; wherein the application layer comprises an execution and feedback network. Through multi-source data fusion and a dynamic prediction model, treatment opportunity selection is changed from experience judgment to data-driven scientific decision, and the problem of intervention opportunity is solved; according to the dynamic backfill volume calculation model, filling according to needs and accurate regulation and control are achieved, it is predicted that earthwork waste caused by excessive design or secondary treatment can be reduced, and the engineering cost is remarkably reduced.

The invention discloses an in-situ water-preserved mining method for a high-salt high-pressure-bearing bottom plate aquifer, and relates to the technical field of coal mining. The method comprises the steps that the damage depth of a bottom plate, the height of a confined water guide rising zone and the thickness of a minimum safe water-resisting layer are calculated according to geological and mining technical parameters; adjusting according to a preset water-preserved mining condition to enable the working face to meet the water-preserved mining condition; calculating to obtain the grouting thickness of the corrosion-resistant material; corrosion-resistant acrylate grouting liquid is injected from the upper edge of the confined water guide rising zone according to the grouting thickness of the corrosion-resistant material; monitoring the water pressure of a bottom plate aquifer and the height of a confined water guiding and rising zone, and when a preset risk condition is exceeded, determining that the working face has a water-preserved mining failure risk, and performing risk early warning; and when risk early warning occurs, secondary grouting is carried out according to the grouting thickness of the corrosion-resistant material. A chemical corrosion resistant acrylate grouting liquid is injected into the upper edge of a confined water guiding and rising zone, and gradual corrosion damage and bottom plate water inrush of a rock stratum under the action of high-salinity and high-confined water are prevented.

The invention belongs to the field of rock burst prevention and control coal mining methods, and particularly relates to a roof-cutting pressure-relief coal mining method under the stratum condition of a deeply-buried sandstone group. Comprising the following steps: respectively constructing detection drill holes inside and outside a first mining working face, and checking an interface in a stratum in a hydraulic pressure test mode so as to accurately determine a key layer. On the basis, on the basis of gob-side entry retaining, roof cutting drill holes are creatively constructed in a roof cutting special roadway and a transportation roadway correspondingly, so that roof cutting work is conducted on key layers in a bent sinking zone rock stratum, a water flowing fissure zone and a caving zone rock stratum in a roof; therefore, the suspended roof length of a part of the water flowing fractured zone rock stratum and the caving zone rock stratum is reduced but still reserved, the supporting force needing to be borne by the gob-side entry retaining is reduced, and a sheltering space is provided for the gob-side entry retaining. The bent sinking zone rock stratum is subjected to vertical drilling top cutting, and a top cutting transition area is reserved, so that superposition of fracture of the bent sinking zone rock stratum and fracture of the water flowing fissure zone rock stratum can be reduced, and the stratum pressure needing to be borne by gob-side entry retaining is reduced to the maximum extent.

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a key parameter design method for targeted grouting and filling pier stud water-preserved coal mining. The method comprises the steps that mine hydrogeology and mining geology data are collected, and the burial depth, the thickness, the physical and mechanical parameters and the gangue breaking and expanding coefficient of a coal rock layer are obtained; adopting discrete element numerical simulation to determine the caving zone height under the insufficient mining critical propulsion length; the drilling depth of the grouting drill hole and the caving zone void ratio are calculated; preparing and testing the mechanical strength and diffusion stacking angle of the grouting material in a laboratory; combining the critical coefficient of insufficient mining, applying a rock stratum subsidence probability integral method, and scientifically designing the interval, the radius and the grouting amount of filling pier columns; and finally, cement pier columns are formed in a caving zone through ground drilling and grouting, an overlying rock stratum is stably supported, and structural deformation of the aquifer is controlled. The method is simple in parameter design and high in accuracy, and space-time interference of a traditional filling process is avoided.

The invention belongs to the field of phosphorite mountain mining, and relates to a mining method suitable for a gently inclined thick and large phosphorite body containing a soft interlayer, which comprises the following steps: carrying out stope division and pseudo-inclined strip arrangement, dividing the ore body into manageable mining units, and optimizing a stoping sequence and a filling strategy; roof pre-cutting construction and roof supporting are conducted, a top ore bed is stoped and supported, and the stability of a roof is controlled; stoping the chambers, extracting the ores in the chambers, and adopting different stoping modes according to the thicknesses of the clamped ores, so as to maximize the ore recovery rate and minimize the loss; clamping stone processing and transferring are conducted, processing is conducted according to the thickness of the clamping stone, the clamping stone is removed to improve the ore grade, or the clamping stone is reserved; a filling retaining wall is constructed, and a retaining wall is arranged in the mined-out area after stoping; and subsequent filling and pillar stoping are conducted, the goaf is filled with filling materials, surrounding rock is supported, and pillars are stoped to achieve comprehensive recovery of resources. The problems that a traditional method is high in depletion rate, difficult in roof control and poor in adaptability are solved, and the mine production efficiency is remarkably improved.

The invention provides an ecological restoration method for backfilling dehydrated slime into a bauxite goaf, which comprises the following steps of: backfilling filtered and dehydrated slime into the goaf, and covering soil; and then land leveling, slope treatment, soil improvement, irrigation and drainage engineering, field road construction, farmland protection, ecological environment protection, science and technology supporting service and other processes are carried out. Organic fertilizers (such as pig manure and chicken manure) and a biological silicon fertilizer are added on the basis of an inorganic fertilizer, so that the physical and chemical properties of soil are more effectively improved, and meanwhile, the risk of heavy metals in the soil is reduced; by implementing a terraced field slope descending measure in the goaf, the land is smoother, water and soil loss is effectively prevented, the soil fertility is kept, the repaired land can be returned to farmers for planting common crops such as corn, peanuts and cassava, the income of the farmers can be increased, and local agricultural development can be promoted.

The invention relates to three-machine combined mining equipment and process, the equipment comprises a conveyor, and a main mining coal mining machine, a left notched coal mining machine and a right notched coal mining machine which take the conveyor as a moving track, and the left notched coal mining machine and the right notched coal mining machine are respectively arranged at the left end part and the right end part of the conveyor; the main mining coal mining machine is arranged between the two notching coal mining machines, the main mining coal mining machine is a double-rocker-arm coal mining machine, the left notching coal mining machine and the right notching coal mining machine are single-rocker-arm coal mining machines only provided with left rocker arms and single-rocker-arm coal mining machines only provided with right rocker arms respectively, and rocker arms of the notching coal mining machines are sliding rocker arms; during mining, the two notching coal mining machines are respectively responsible for cutting left and right end notches in advance, the main mining coal mining machine reciprocates between the two end notches to efficiently mine the middle coal wall at a high speed, the inclined cutting feed process is completely omitted, the end notch mining and the middle coal wall mining can be simultaneously carried out, and the overall mining efficiency is obviously improved.

The invention relates to a fully-mechanized caving support multiple-butt-joint process and a mining face arrangement method, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine fully-mechanized caving mining face arrangement and support installation. According to the technical scheme, mining face arrangement is optimized according to the revealed coal seam occurrence condition in the tunneling process, and the coal mining amount is delineated to the maximum degree; multiple cutting holes are arranged, and the equipment installation route is optimized; and the positions and states of the recovery bracket and the equipment are accurately controlled, and safe and rapid butt joint of the multi-open-off cut bracket and the equipment is realized. The method has the beneficial effects that the delineated coal mining amount is maximized, the number of equipment transportation links is small, and repeated butt joint is safe, rapid and accurate.

The invention provides a high-yield and high-efficiency cooperative control method for double mining machines, which comprises a main coal mining machine, an auxiliary coal mining machine, a scraper conveyer and a hydraulic support, the two coal mining machines are controlled to execute different coal mining tasks in each stage, the work division is clear, the scraper conveyer is ensured to have only one bending area at most by setting the action process, the blockage is avoided, and the working efficiency is improved. Through reasonable work distribution, no-load or overload operation of the scraper conveyer is avoided. According to the high-yield and high-efficiency cooperative control method for the double mining machines, it is guaranteed that the state of a scraper conveyor in double-machine coal mining operation is more stable, jamming is not likely to happen, and overdue no-load or overdue overload operation is not likely to happen, so that it is guaranteed that the four machines are better in adaptability, the collision risk is not likely to happen during double-machine operation, and at least one of the technical targets can be achieved.

The invention discloses a classified grouting reinforcement method for a wind oxidation zone of a lignite mining roof, and relates to the technical field of coal mining, the method comprises the following steps: obtaining the average wind oxidation zone thickness, the water inflow and the average natural gamma value covering each weighting step section on a lignite mining working surface to be mined; according to the average wind oxidation zone thickness, the water inflow and the average natural gamma value corresponding to each weighting step section, a set number of drilling points are determined on the lignite mining working face; the drilling leakage amount of each drilling point is obtained; based on the data of each drilling point, determining the function relationship between the drilling leakage amount and the average wind oxidation zone thickness, the water inflow amount and the average natural gamma value; according to the function relation, the drilling leakage amount of each weighting step section is determined; dividing the drill hole leakage amount of each weighting step section into a plurality of grades of slurry eating areas; and different grouting technologies are adopted for grouting reinforcement of the slurry eating areas of all the grades. Top plate accidents can be reduced, grout leakage is reduced, in addition, the grouting cost is reduced simply.

The present application relates to the field of mining area subsidence reduction and filling mining, in particular to a floor isolation grouting filling control surface subsidence mining method; a certain thickness of rock stratum is selected as a floor pressure bearing protective layer below a floor failure zone, the floor pressure bearing protective layer arches under grouting pressure, but no fissure leading to the upper floor failure zone is generated; the floor pressure bearing protective layer bottom interface is taken as a grouting layer, a grouting borehole is connected to the grouting layer; working face mining is carried out, when grouting filling can be carried out, filling slurry is injected from the grouting borehole to the grouting layer. The filling slurry lifts the floor grouting pressure bearing layer and the floor failure zone under high pressure, finally fills the entire goaf, reduces the breaking degree of the coal seam roof, controls the subsidence amplitude of the overlying strata, and further reduces the surface subsidence amplitude. In the present application, the mining and grouting filling processes are separated, the influence of grouting filling operation on working face mining is avoided, and the present application is particularly suitable for coal mine areas with dense buildings.

The invention relates to the technical field of mining, and discloses an open-air graphite mine mining method and system based on fine rock-ore separation, and the method comprises the following steps: analyzing the geological structure, the ore occurrence state and the surrounding rock property of a graphite mine, and judging whether the graphite mine is a mining area or not according to the analysis result; blasting the mining area by adopting an open-pit mining mode to obtain mixed ore; fine rock-ore separation is conducted on the mixed ore through gravity separation, magnetic separation and flotation, and graphite ore and surrounding rock are obtained through separation; wherein the geological structure comprises fractures, wrinkles and lithology changes; the ore occurrence state comprises the form and continuity of graphite; the surrounding rock property comprises a rock stratum dip angle and a fault zone. According to the method, the mining process of the graphite mine is finely managed and controlled, so that the mining efficiency is improved, the cost is reduced, the safety guarantee is enhanced, the resource waste is reduced, and remarkable benefits are brought to the mining industry of the graphite mine.

The invention provides a coal mine rock burst prevention method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring first monitoring data of a coal seam roof rock stratum, wherein the first monitoring data at least comprises a fracture event and micro-fracture distribution density of the coal seam roof rock stratum; determining that the rock burst risk exists in the coal seam roof rock stratum in response to the fracture event and the micro-fracture distribution density meeting the risk identification condition; at least one time of pressure relief treatment is conducted on the coal seam roof rock stratum, and different pressure relief agents are used in the at least one time of pressure relief treatment process; and second monitoring data of the coal seam roof rock stratum after pressure relief processing are obtained, and when the second monitoring data do not meet the risk identification condition, it is determined that rock burst risk prevention and control are completed. Therefore, according to the scheme, combined monitoring of various data can be achieved so that the rock burst risk can be accurately recognized, roof pressure relief is achieved through cooperative prevention and treatment of at least one time of pressure relief treatment, and therefore the pressure relief effect is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering and coal mine roadway surrounding rock control, and discloses a face-mining working face small coal pillar roadway surrounding rock control method which comprises the following steps: reinforcing roadway bearing pressure by reinforced concrete pier studs: in a mining super front section small coal pillar roadway, pouring a row of reinforced concrete pier studs along the center line of the small coal pillar roadway, the upper end of the reinforced concrete pier column abuts against the center area of the vault of the small coal pillar roadway. The frosted water jet directional roof cutting pressure relief technology is adopted for lateral roof cutting at the advanced section of the stope, so that the hard rock stratum of the top plate of the stope face collapses as soon as possible; a plurality of steel pipe cast-in-place piles arranged at intervals are arranged at the bottom corners of the small coal pillar roadway, and a plurality of crown beams are fixedly connected to the ends of the steel pipe cast-in-place piles. The method for controlling the surrounding rock of the small coal pillar roadway of the face-mining working face is convenient to construct and good in economic benefit.

The invention discloses a safety mining method for gently-inclined medium-thick ore bodies by adopting a remote-control carry-scraper to carry ores, which comprises the following steps of: arranging an uphill roadway (2) at the bottom of a panel pillar (1), arranging a plurality of stopes (3) along the inclined direction of the uphill roadway (2), and arranging a filling inclined roadway (4) at the top of the panel pillar (1); digging a filling combined roadway (5) towards the highest position of each stope (3) in the filling inclined roadway (4), and reserving a filling drill hole (6) at the end part of the filling combined roadway (5); a rock drilling roadway (7) is dug towards the bottom of each stope in the uphill roadway (2), a cutting raise (8) is arranged in the middle of each rock drilling roadway (7), a cutting groove (9) is formed after the cutting raise (8) is exploded, and exploded ore (10) falls into an ore receiving trench in each rock drilling roadway (7) and is shoveled to a draw shaft (11) through a carry-scraper with a remote control or autonomous navigation function. According to the method, personnel do not need to enter a stope for operation, safety risks are eliminated essentially, and the mining and cutting work amount is reduced by 40% or above.

The invention discloses a working face staggered layout method, product and equipment for coal mining ground fissures, and belongs to the technical field of mining subsidence and ecological restoration. The method comprises the steps that S1, the overall layout mode of upper and lower coal seam working faces is determined; s2, determining core mining parameters of the working face; s3, determining an external error distance or an internal error distance through numerical simulation; s4, acquiring surface subsidence data and verifying the surface subsidence data; and S5, determining the mining sequence of the upper coal seam working face and the lower coal seam working face according to the layout mode, and designing a whole-process production system to realize the landing of a production scheme. According to the method, the goal of weakening coal mining ground fissure development from the source is achieved by reasonably arranging the working faces of the upper and lower coal seams and adjusting the staggered distance of the working faces of the upper and lower coal seams without abandoning coal pillar resources and increasing the roadway tunneling cost, the ground fissure development degree can be weakened from the source, and the coal mining efficiency is improved. The problems of multiple procedures, long period, poor effect and the like of a traditional method are solved.

The invention discloses a water-preserved coal mining method for water-proof soil layer reconstruction, which comprises the following steps: before coal mining, measuring the water level difference of an upper water-containing layer and a lower water-containing layer of a water-proof soil layer and the average natural permeability coefficient of the water-proof soil layer, and sealing a measured drill hole after measurement; directional drilling is carried out on the underlying stratum of the water-proof soil layer bottom plate, directional drilling holes penetrate through the coal mining subsidence area, and the horizontal sections of the directional drilling holes are located at the positions downwards away from the water-proof soil layer bottom plate; freezing in the implemented directional drill by adopting a freezing technology; vertical drilling is carried out on the ground; mixed liquid of loess and water is injected into all the vertical drill holes; the electric field set seepage field is connected through a vertical drill hole to pull the loess; after at least 10 days, performing a conventional water injection experiment on all the vertical drill holes every day, and determining the average permeability coefficient of the reconstructed waterproof soil layer; and after the standard is reached, freezing is stopped, and all the drilled holes are sealed. The method is economical, reasonable, easy to construct, free of pollution and short in effective period.

The method of deep hole static fracturing combined with blasting for recovery and dilution control is as follows: the surrounding fracturing holes are arranged in the edge area of the two-step stope adjacent to the one-step filling body, the blasting deep holes are concentratedly arranged in the core area of the ore body in the middle of the stope, the blasting deep holes and the auxiliary blasting holes are arranged in parallel, the auxiliary vibration hole blasting auxiliary hole is arranged in the middle, the joint operation ore falling process strictly follows the order of “first static fracturing and then sublevel blasting”, the precise partition of blasting load and fracturing weakening is realized, the direct damage of blasting vibration to the filling body is maximally isolated, and there are six process steps and conditions, which can solve the technical problems of high ore dilution rate caused by the mixing of filling body and ore pile due to insufficient filling body strength or complex construction in the recovery process of existing two-step stope, and can also consider safety, process simplification and dilution control.

Disclosed is a pre-split roof caving method based on the collaboration of foam fracturing and blasting for coal mines, including: S1, construction of a borehole; S2, preparation of a foam fracturing fluid; S3, fracturing; and S4, roof caving by blasting. Foam fracturing and blasting are combined, and a great many of fractures are generated in a roof rock stratum by foam fracturing, such that the strength of the roof rock stratum is reduced, a blasting space is provided for blasting, pre-caving of a roof is realized, and safety problems caused by difficult caving of a tight roof in a goaf are avoided.

The invention discloses a long-distance directional fracturing method for gob-side entry retaining, which comprises the following steps of: excavating a directional drilling machine chamber before a primary stoping side of a working surface of the gob-side entry retaining or before the working surface is stoped by a certain distance, arranging a directional drilling machine for a coal mine in the directional drilling machine chamber, and arranging a directional drilling machine for the coal mine along a gob side of a support body beside the gob-side entry retaining roadway; super-long directional drilling is constructed in a roof rock stratum in the horizontal direction, and dense advanced pressure relief holes in the horizontal direction are formed; the super-long directional drill holes are formed in sequence from top to bottom and cover the whole roof rock stratum needing pressure relief. The problems that in the prior art, drilling equipment needs to be frequently transferred, and the drilling operation speed is low are solved.

The application provides a working face cut eye head-on fault processing method, comprising the following steps: obtaining related parameters of a hard rock fault in front of an extension direction of a working face cut eye and designing related parameters of a drill hole; determining a plurality of fracturing hole positions and a plurality of observation hole positions on the hard rock fault according to the determined related parameters of the drill hole, any one observation hole position is located between two adjacent fracturing hole positions, a plurality of hydraulic fracturing holes are drilled at the plurality of fracturing hole positions, and a plurality of fracturing observation holes are drilled at the plurality of observation hole positions; performing hydraulic fracturing processing on the hard rock fault; injecting fluid into the hydraulic fracturing holes, each hydraulic fracturing hole forms a hydraulic crack extending in a circumferential direction of the hydraulic fracturing hole under the action of the fluid, and the plurality of hydraulic cracks are interlaced in the hard rock fault; and performing cutting processing on the hard rock fault after hydraulic fracturing. By adopting the scheme, the problems of low efficiency, high cost and insecurity in the prior art for blasting processing of the hard rock fault can be solved.