153 results about "Char" patented technology

The invention belongs to the field of biochar adsorbing materials, and relates to a method for preparing modified biochar with aquatic plant waste and hematite. The method includes the following steps: (1) naturally drying aquatic plants prior to crushing to obtain aquatic plant powder; (2) crushing the hematite to obtain hematite powder; (3) weighing the hematite powder prior to putting the hematite powder into deionized water, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain suspension; (4) weighing the aquatic plant powder, soaking the aquatic plant powder in the suspension, and stirring and drying to obtain fully mixed aquatic plant and hematite mixture; (5) weighing the fully mixed aquatic plant and hematite mixture, putting the mixture in a batch-type atmosphere furnace, and feeding nitrogen into the furnace; performing temperature programming to the target temperature, and maintaining final-temperature pyrolysis; after the pyrolysis process is finished, obtaining the target product, namely the modified biochar. The modified biochar has strong adsorbability in nitrate and phosphate, high in stability and reusable.

Systems and methods for producing green hydrogen from a source material (e.g., biowaste) are contemplated. The source material is at least partially dehydrated to produce a dried intermediate and recovered water. The dried intermediate is pyrolyzed to produce syngas and a char. The recovered water is electrolyzed to produce oxygen and green hydrogen.

The invention discloses a high-flame-retardant long-life electric wire and a preparation method thereof. The electric wire comprises a conductor, an inner insulating layer and an outer insulating layer, the inner insulating layer comprises a catalytic char-forming type flame retardant A, the outer insulating layer comprises a heat-insulating barrier type flame retardant B, the conductor is coated with the inner insulating layer and the outer insulating layer in a co-extrusion mode, synchronous high-energy electron beam irradiation crosslinking is achieved, the flame retardant A and the flame retardant B are quantitatively added into the insulating layers, and the flame retardant A and the flame retardant B are added into the insulating layers. A synergistic flame-retardant effect is generated at a high temperature, heat overload generated by conductor resistance and combustion caused by an external fire source are efficiently inhibited, and the high-flame-retardant and long-service-life electric wire is provided.

A method of processing waste consumable aerosol-generating articles by pyrolysis, the method comprising the steps of: feeding waste consumable aerosol-generating articles into a pyrolysis reactor, the aerosol-generating articles comprising at least some aerosol-generating articles comprising an aerosol-generating substrate with a metallic susceptor; heating the aerosol-generating articles in the pyrolysis reactor to a temperature sufficient to cause pyrolysis of non-metallic components of the aerosol-generating articles into gaseous products and char, wherein the temperature is less than a melting temperature of the metallic susceptors; extracting the gaseous products from the pyrolysis reactor and feeding the gaseous products to a condensing separator; and feeding the char from the pyrolysis reactor to a magnetic separator and separating the metallic susceptors from the char by applying a magnetic field; wherein at least some of the heat in the pyrolysis reactor is generated by applying an alternating electromagnetic field to the aerosol-generating articles so as to induce eddy currents in the metallic susceptors.

An autothermal process of concentric bubbling fluid double bed for the production of syngas by gasification with biomass steam, in the presence of a granular material includes: continuous gasification under stationary bed condition of said granular material in bubbling fluidisation regime of biomass with water vapour with thermochemical transformation of the fuel into raw syngas and char, the raw syngas including heavy hydrocarbons in the steam state and any harmful compounds in traces, in a first reaction volume; combustion in bubbling fluidised bed with air of the char and of auxiliary fuel in a second reaction volume; the transfer velocity of the granular material between the first and second reaction volumes being such that the thermal difference does not exceed 20° C.; separation from the raw syngas by hot filters; and elimination of any harmful compounds in traces.

A fully modularized, bottom-feed type pyrolysis reactor includes a reactor vessel, a feeding unit, an integrated grate, and an ash / char discharge unit. The reactor vessel includes detachable upper and lower vessels. The integrated grate is rotatable and integrated to an air inlet unit, feeding unit, and discharge unit. A water-cooled cooling and stirring pipe is mounted on a top face of the integrated grate, and an ash / char discharge unit is located at the bottom of the integrated grate. Ash / char is discharged through discharge gate unit, addressing the problems of inconvenient transportation, installation of the pyrolysis reactor, and imprecise temperature control. Manufactured in a modular fashion, the electrical and monitoring systems are pre-assembled and comprehensively tested before transportation to the site, reducing installation time by 90% while ensuring installation quality and allowing for various orientation configurations to meet customers' on-site requirements without altering the overall design of the reactor.

Gas bio-trickling filter (g-BTF) processes are provided for polluted air purification mainly focusing on the treatment of VOCs and odor using low-cost filter media (agricultural waste i.e., wood char coal and other waste i.e., sludge, compost etc.) that is cheap and readily available. Apparatus for purifying volatile organic compounds and odor control enriched air stream uses a consortium of the microorganisms including Rhodococus sp., Paracocus sp, Microbacterium sp., Mutant Paracocus denitrificans sp. The consortium approach ensures a broader range of VOC degradation capabilities, allowing for efficient removal of multiple compounds simultaneously. This versatility makes biotrickling filters highly adaptable to different industrial settings, such as paint manufacturing plants or automotive facilities. Compared to other process (thermal and chemical process), the developed BTF process are associated with the lowest operating and maintenance costs. Overall VOC and odor removal efficiency of the g-BTF unit is 99.9%.

The invention discloses a biomass coke-based multifunctional coal pyrolysis catalyst and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of coal pyrolysis catalysts. The preparation method comprises the steps of raw material pretreatment, pyrolysis pore-forming, activation synergism, metal loading, citric acid staged removal and atmosphere replacement, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, compounding, crushing and drying straw and wood biomass, and performing pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere to prepare a biomass coke precursor; then carrying out alkali metal activation, acid pickling and water washing to prepare an activated carrier with a high specific surface area; then, citric acid is used for assisting in loading a mixed solution of nickel nitrate and ferric nitrate, citric acid is removed by stages through air low-temperature pre-removal and inert gas medium-temperature deep removal, and the valence state of the metal active component is synchronously regulated and controlled. The prepared catalyst is low in citric acid residual quantity, can realize hydrodeoxygenation, tar cracking and anti-carbon deposition functions, is excellent in catalytic performance and low in cost, meets the requirements of low metamorphic coal pyrolysis volatile component upgrading, and is easy to industrially apply.

The invention provides a device and a method for promoting demineralization forming of biomass coke by using biomass pyrolysis primary oil, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) sequentially drying and crushing a biomass raw material to obtain pretreated biomass; (2) carrying out pyrolysis treatment on the pretreated biomass to obtain pyrolysis primary oil and biomass coke; (3) performing layering treatment on the pyrolysis primary oil to obtain a light oil water solution and heavy oil; mixing the light oil-water solution and the biomass coke, and carrying out demineralization treatment on the biomass coke to obtain demineralized biomass coke; and (4) mixing the demineralized biomass coke and heavy oil, and carrying out molding treatment to obtain a biomass coke molded product. According to the method, the layering characteristic of the biomass pyrolysis primary oil is utilized, the light oil water solution and the heavy oil obtained through layering treatment are reasonably utilized, efficient demineralization and forming of the biomass coke are achieved, and the overall application effect and economical efficiency of the biomass pyrolysis technology are improved.

The application discloses a biomass charcoal-based water grass mud particle production system and method, relates to the field of waste resource utilization and water grass mud production and preparation, and produces waste biomass and shield mud into biomass charcoal-based water grass mud particles through a pulverizer, a storage hopper, a mixing and granulating system, a drying system, a pyrolysis system, a combustion system, a waste heat utilization system, a cooling and discharging system, a screening and packaging system, a tail gas treatment system and an electrical automatic control system. The product is black particles, has the characteristics of long-term soaking, not easy to powder, not muddy, rich in nutrition, pollution reduction and carbon sequestration, can replace the water grass mud prepared by taking black soil as raw material for fish tank landscaping, has wide application prospect and market value, realizes high-value reuse of waste biomass and shield mud, and opens up a new road.

A method of producing a gas from a combustible material is provided. The method comprises the steps of loading the combustible material into a containment structure and sealing it therein. An oxidant is fed into the sealed containment structure with a controlled flow rate and a controlled rate of movement such that the combustible material is partly converted, thereby leaving behind thermally affected layers of combustible material after the injection point has passed through the material. At least some of the combustible material is converted into molten slag and or char that accumulates as the bottom-most thermally affected layer and subsequently cools and solidifies. The method is characterised in that it further includes the step of discharging solid slag and or char in the bottom-most thermally affected layer from under material that remains in the containment structure to remove solid slag and or char from the containment structure.

The utility model discloses a device for extracting carbon in coal gasification slag, which comprises a shell, a crushing device fixedly arranged above the shell, a screening device arranged on the inner wall of the shell, a cleaning device fixedly arranged below the screening device, a collecting device movably arranged in the cleaning device, a lifting rod fixedly arranged above the collecting device, and a discharge hole formed in one side of the shell, through mutual cooperation of the structures, industrial solid waste-coal gasification slag discharged in a coal chemical industry industrial park is further utilized, carbon in the coal gasification slag is extracted, large solid particles and ash are separated out, and a carbon-containing substance (carbon powder) is obtained; various building materials (such as concrete admixtures and concrete fine aggregates), mesoporous materials, silicon fertilizers, soil amendment materials and other products can be conveniently prepared from the silicon-aluminum components subjected to carbon extraction.

The invention discloses a modified polypropylene material for an MPP electric power pipe and a preparation method of the modified polypropylene material, and belongs to the technical field of electric power pipes, modified ADP powder and a synergistic flame-retardant repairing agent are added into the material as flame-retardant and smoke-suppression components to form a phosphorus-iron synergistic flame-retardant system, ADP is decomposed at high temperature to release inert gas to form a heat insulation layer, and the flame-retardant and smoke-suppression effects are achieved. Fe-MOF can be catalyzed to form a compact carbon layer in the early stage of a fire, the dehydration and char formation process is promoted, absorption of smoke can be promoted to a certain extent, and generation of more smoke is avoided while the flame retardant efficiency of ADP is improved; in the modified ADP powder, iron ions enter ADP lattice gaps or surfaces through coordination adsorption and ion exchange effects, the doped iron ions can serve as heterogeneous nucleation sites to promote Fe-MOF to be anchored to the surfaces of ADP, the valence state of Fe is consistent with the valence state of aluminum ions in ADP, ADP crystallization can be promoted, and a highly-ordered crystal structure is formed.

A biomass-derived carbon material is provided, the carbon material having a carbon content of 60 to 75% by weight and an integrated heat of oxidation reaction of 5 kJ / kg or less when maintained in air at 107° C. for 20 minutes. A method for producing a carbon material is provided, the method including: a carbonization step of obtaining biomass chars having a carbon content of 61 to 75% by weight from biomass; and an oxidation step of heating the biomass chars to 200° C. or higher in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 2 to 13% by volume.

The present invention provides a staged gasification combustion system and a combustion method for coal fuel, comprising: a pyrolyzer adapted to subject coal fuel to a pyrolysis reaction and absorb heat to obtain char particles, tar and pyrolysis gas; a pyrolysis product purification and separation unit adapted to separate the tar and pyrolysis gas from the pyrolyzer to obtain separated tar and separated pyrolysis gas; a gasifier adapted to subject the char particles from the pyrolyzer and the tar from the pyrolysis product purification and separation unit to a gasification reaction with a gasifying agent preheated by a waste heat boiler and release heat to prepare synthesis gas; and a waste heat boiler adapted to subject the pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis product purification and separation unit to a reforming reaction with water in the synthesis gas to obtain reformed gas; wherein the pyrolysis gas comprises methane, ethane and ethylene. The present invention utilizes the sensible heat of high-temperature synthesis gas to preheat the gasifying agent and drive the reforming of pyrolysis gas, realizing the cascade utilization of thermal energy.

The present invention concerns a pyrolysis product composition comprising a bituminous hydrocarbon fraction and char particles dispersed within said bituminous hydrocarbon fraction, wherein the bituminous hydrocarbon fraction and the char particles together constitute at least 70 wt% of the pyrolysis product composition, wherein the bituminous hydrocarbon fraction and the char particles are present in a weight ratio of between 1 : 1 and 9 : 1, and wherein said composition is a liquid at a temperature between 120 and 230 °C and is a solid at temperatures up to 35 °C. The present invention further concerns a process for the production of said pyrolysis product composition in the form of a solid and to a pyrolysis system configured to convert a mixture of char particles and hydrocarbons resulting from pyrolysis of plastic waste material into a product in the form of solid particles.

The invention relates to a coal coke dedusting ash blowing device and method, and belongs to the technical field of industrial equipment and methods. According to the technical scheme, an ash conveying pipeline (5) is connected with a powder tank car through a powder tank car connecting port (1), a stop valve (2) and a filter (3) are arranged at the front end of the ash conveying pipeline (5), and the rear end of the ash conveying pipeline (5) is connected with a fuel inlet (6). The method has the beneficial effects that the coal coke fly ash is blown into a combustion furnace, a heating furnace or a blast furnace in the form of fuel, so that the utilization efficiency of the coal coke fly ash can be greatly improved, and the problems of environmental pollution and potential safety hazards caused by long-term stacking are avoided.

The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass charcoal production equipment, especially tail gas treatment system of biomass charcoal, it includes: drying converter body, the side is equipped with feed inlet, the feed inlet is connected in the end of drying converter body, and the bottom of discharge box body is equipped with discharge gate, cyclone separator, the upper portion of discharge box body is connected with the gas outlet of discharge box body upper portion through first connecting pipe, vertical pipeline, and the upper end is connected in the upper end of cyclone separator through second connecting pipe, dust feeding spiral conveyor, and the upper portion is communicated with the lower end of cyclone separator through third connecting pipe, the upper portion of dust feeding spiral conveyor is communicated with the lower end of vertical pipeline through fourth connecting pipe, and the end of dust feeding spiral conveyor is connected in discharge box body, etc, through the structure of multistage biomass charcoal fine dry powder recovery of end connection setting in drying converter body, the biomass fine dry powder of smoke inclusion is fully recycled.

Systems and methods for producing green hydrogen from a source material (e.g., biowaste) are contemplated. The source material is at least partially dehydrated to produce a dried intermediate and recovered water. The dried intermediate is pyrolyzed to produce syngas and a char. The recovered water is electrolyzed to produce oxygen and green hydrogen.

The invention discloses a biomass flame retardant and a preparation method thereof, and the flame retardant is prepared by carrying out physical crosslinking on a phosphorus-containing material, a nitrogen-containing material and a char-forming material to form a three-dimensional network structure and carrying out hydrophobic modification. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving a nitrogen-containing material and a char-forming material, and mixing with a phosphorus-containing material to form hydrogel; performing freeze drying to obtain dry gel; and treating with a hydrophobic modifier and drying. The prepared flame retardant does not contain halogen and heavy metal and is environmentally friendly, and through a three-dimensional porous structure and hydrophobic modification, the flame retardance, the heat insulation property and the water resistance are effectively improved.

Embodiments of the present disclosure related carbon-based foams (CBF). The CBF includes a cured composition. The cured composition includes about 5% to about 20% pyrolysis char (PC) by weight and about 80% to about 95% lignin solution by weight. The lignin solution includes a lignin and a solvent. The solvent includes water, a polyol and a polyisocyanate. A method of making a composition includes grinding and sieving a pyrolysis char (PC) to form a PC powder; mixing a lignin with a solvent to form a lignin solution; mixing the PC powder with the lignin solution to form a lignin-PC solution; mixing a surfactant and a catalyst with the lignin-PC solution to form a raw materials mixture; mixing a foaming agent with the raw materials mixture to form a lignin-PC foam; and curing the lignin-PC foam to form a CBF.

To provide a solid fuel that contains biomass while suppressing fouling. [Solution] The present invention provides a solid fuel comprising biomass char and pulverized coal, wherein, when the total amount of the biomass char and pulverized coal in an oven-dry state is taken as 100% by mass, the biomass char content is 3 to 90% by mass, and the pulverized coal content is 10 to 97% by mass, and in the biomass char, the mannose content as constituent sugars is 2.0 to 12.0% by mass, the xylose content is 0.3 to 10.0% by mass, the arabinose content is 1.0% by mass or less, and the glucose content is 40.0 to 55.0% by mass, and the ash content of the pulverized coal is 20 to 40% by mass on an oven-dry basis.

This invention discloses an apparatus and method for preparing metallurgical coke based on the comprehensive utilization of biomass, relating to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis and its energy conversion equipment. The apparatus includes a biomass coke oven, a fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, a volatilization flue, a cyclone separator, a first condensation separation unit, a second condensation separation unit, an acid washing tank, a drying furnace, a mixing granulator, and a quenching tower. The acid washing tank is used to mix reheated char and wood vinegar to obtain acid-washed biochar; the drying furnace is used to dry the acid-washed biochar; the mixing granulator is used to mix and granulate tar and the dried acid-washed biochar to obtain granular biochar; the volatilization flue is used to volatilize the granular biochar to obtain semi-coke; and the biochar coking chamber is used to coke the semi-coke to obtain bio-coke. This apparatus and method improve the production efficiency and energy utilization efficiency of metallurgical coke, effectively reducing the overall production cost of metallurgical coke.

A double fluidized bed reactor system including a staircase-type helical blade is proposed. The system includes a bubbling fluidized bed gasification furnace for receiving fuel (for example, combustible waste and biomass) and steam, forming a bubbling fluidized bed through a flow of flow medium therein, and gasifying the fuel, thereby generating a resultant gas, and a high-speed fluidized bed combustion furnace for receiving char of the resultant gas and the flow medium from the bubbling fluidized bed gasification furnace, additionally receiving air, combusting the char so as to heat the flow medium, and transferring the heated flow medium back to the bubbling fluidized bed gasification furnace.

To provide a solid fuel that contains biomass while suppressing fouling. [Solution] The present invention provides a solid fuel comprising biomass char and pulverized coal, wherein, when the total amount of the biomass char and pulverized coal in an oven-dry state is taken as 100% by mass, the biomass char content is 3 to 90% by mass, and the pulverized coal content is 10 to 97% by mass, and in the biomass char, the mannose content as constituent sugars is 0.5% by mass or less, the xylose content is 0.3 to 10.0% by mass, the arabinose content is 1.0% by mass or less, and the glucose content is 30.0 to 45.0% by mass, and the ash content of the pulverized coal is 20 to 40% by mass on an oven-dry basis.

The present application provides a kind of coal tar macromolecular network model construction method based on HRTEM and XPS, belongs to chemical molecular reaction kinetics technical field, including S1: processing coal tar macromolecular sample HRTEM image data;S2: determine the element composition and functional group composition of coal tar macromolecular sample;S3: set the basic unit structure of coal tar macromolecular network model, and calculate the proportion of different unit structure;S4: construct the aromatic layer sheet of carbon skeleton unit in coal tar macromolecular network model;S5: set the bridge bond of carbon skeleton unit, finally obtain the complete carbon skeleton unit in coal tar macromolecular network model;S6: revise the edge of carbon skeleton unit, hydrogenation is added to carbon skeleton unit and the coal tar macromolecular network model is optimized.It can finely construct coal tar macromolecular network, restore the real composition of coal tar molecule to the greatest extent, ensure that subsequent calculation structure is more real, suitable for constructing macromolecular network model for coal tar obtained under different coal rank and different working conditions.

The invention discloses a biomass particle carbon type adsorption combustion agent and a cracking rock breaking pipe, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: selecting a biomass raw material, and carrying out the pretreatment of the biomass raw material; then crushing and granulating the pretreated biomass raw material by using mechanical equipment to obtain biomass particles; carbonizing and activating the biomass particles to obtain an adsorption combustion agent; weighing the prepared adsorption incendiary agent, and packaging the adsorption incendiary agent into a plurality of mutually connected and independent adsorption incendiary agent bags by adopting an adsorption incendiary agent wrapping layer; then the adsorption combustion agent bag is made into an adsorption combustion agent roll, and the cracking rock breaking pipe is made through the biomass particle carbon type adsorption combustion agent roll. The problems that in the prior art, the manufacturing cost of a fracturing rock breaking pipe combustion core is high, and a large amount of industrial sewage is generated are solved.

The present application belongs to the technical field of coal processing and analysis, and provides a process method for coupling of coal pyrolysis and pulverized coal gasification, comprising: determining a pyrolysis reaction rate interval and a gasification rate interval; extracting carbon conversion efficiency under different char residence time in the coupling reaction of coal pyrolysis and pulverized coal gasification corresponding to the pyrolysis reaction rate interval and the gasification rate interval, constructing a char residence time-carbon conversion efficiency curve, identifying a carbon conversion efficiency inflection point, and linearly fitting the char residence time-carbon conversion efficiency curve to analyze and determine a minimum limited char gasification residence time, and combining the carbon conversion efficiency inflection point to determine a char gasification residence interval as a char residence time adjustment target of a next preset analysis period; in the next preset analysis period, according to the difference between the pyrolysis reaction rate interval and the gasification rate interval, performing dynamic update judgment and dynamic update operation of the char residence time adjustment target to ensure that the carbon conversion efficiency meets the standard and avoid energy waste.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for producing waste plastic pyrolysis oil with reduced chlorine, the method including a first operation of charging a waste plastic raw material and an accelerator containing char into a reactor; a second operation of pyrolyzing the waste plastic raw material in the reactor and recovering pyrolysis oil; and a third operation of recovering the accelerator from the reactor.