77 results about "Char" patented technology

The invention belongs to the field of biochar adsorbing materials, and relates to a method for preparing modified biochar with aquatic plant waste and hematite. The method includes the following steps: (1) naturally drying aquatic plants prior to crushing to obtain aquatic plant powder; (2) crushing the hematite to obtain hematite powder; (3) weighing the hematite powder prior to putting the hematite powder into deionized water, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain suspension; (4) weighing the aquatic plant powder, soaking the aquatic plant powder in the suspension, and stirring and drying to obtain fully mixed aquatic plant and hematite mixture; (5) weighing the fully mixed aquatic plant and hematite mixture, putting the mixture in a batch-type atmosphere furnace, and feeding nitrogen into the furnace; performing temperature programming to the target temperature, and maintaining final-temperature pyrolysis; after the pyrolysis process is finished, obtaining the target product, namely the modified biochar. The modified biochar has strong adsorbability in nitrate and phosphate, high in stability and reusable.

A method of processing waste consumable aerosol-generating articles by pyrolysis, the method comprising the steps of: feeding waste consumable aerosol-generating articles into a pyrolysis reactor, the aerosol-generating articles comprising at least some aerosol-generating articles comprising an aerosol-generating substrate with a metallic susceptor; heating the aerosol-generating articles in the pyrolysis reactor to a temperature sufficient to cause pyrolysis of non-metallic components of the aerosol-generating articles into gaseous products and char, wherein the temperature is less than a melting temperature of the metallic susceptors; extracting the gaseous products from the pyrolysis reactor and feeding the gaseous products to a condensing separator; and feeding the char from the pyrolysis reactor to a magnetic separator and separating the metallic susceptors from the char by applying a magnetic field; wherein at least some of the heat in the pyrolysis reactor is generated by applying an alternating electromagnetic field to the aerosol-generating articles so as to induce eddy currents in the metallic susceptors.

The invention discloses a biomass coke-based multifunctional coal pyrolysis catalyst and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of coal pyrolysis catalysts. The preparation method comprises the steps of raw material pretreatment, pyrolysis pore-forming, activation synergism, metal loading, citric acid staged removal and atmosphere replacement, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, compounding, crushing and drying straw and wood biomass, and performing pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere to prepare a biomass coke precursor; then carrying out alkali metal activation, acid pickling and water washing to prepare an activated carrier with a high specific surface area; then, citric acid is used for assisting in loading a mixed solution of nickel nitrate and ferric nitrate, citric acid is removed by stages through air low-temperature pre-removal and inert gas medium-temperature deep removal, and the valence state of the metal active component is synchronously regulated and controlled. The prepared catalyst is low in citric acid residual quantity, can realize hydrodeoxygenation, tar cracking and anti-carbon deposition functions, is excellent in catalytic performance and low in cost, meets the requirements of low metamorphic coal pyrolysis volatile component upgrading, and is easy to industrially apply.

The application discloses a biomass charcoal-based water grass mud particle production system and method, relates to the field of waste resource utilization and water grass mud production and preparation, and produces waste biomass and shield mud into biomass charcoal-based water grass mud particles through a pulverizer, a storage hopper, a mixing and granulating system, a drying system, a pyrolysis system, a combustion system, a waste heat utilization system, a cooling and discharging system, a screening and packaging system, a tail gas treatment system and an electrical automatic control system. The product is black particles, has the characteristics of long-term soaking, not easy to powder, not muddy, rich in nutrition, pollution reduction and carbon sequestration, can replace the water grass mud prepared by taking black soil as raw material for fish tank landscaping, has wide application prospect and market value, realizes high-value reuse of waste biomass and shield mud, and opens up a new road.

The invention discloses a modified polypropylene material for an MPP electric power pipe and a preparation method of the modified polypropylene material, and belongs to the technical field of electric power pipes, modified ADP powder and a synergistic flame-retardant repairing agent are added into the material as flame-retardant and smoke-suppression components to form a phosphorus-iron synergistic flame-retardant system, ADP is decomposed at high temperature to release inert gas to form a heat insulation layer, and the flame-retardant and smoke-suppression effects are achieved. Fe-MOF can be catalyzed to form a compact carbon layer in the early stage of a fire, the dehydration and char formation process is promoted, absorption of smoke can be promoted to a certain extent, and generation of more smoke is avoided while the flame retardant efficiency of ADP is improved; in the modified ADP powder, iron ions enter ADP lattice gaps or surfaces through coordination adsorption and ion exchange effects, the doped iron ions can serve as heterogeneous nucleation sites to promote Fe-MOF to be anchored to the surfaces of ADP, the valence state of Fe is consistent with the valence state of aluminum ions in ADP, ADP crystallization can be promoted, and a highly-ordered crystal structure is formed.

The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass charcoal production equipment, especially tail gas treatment system of biomass charcoal, it includes: drying converter body, the side is equipped with feed inlet, the feed inlet is connected in the end of drying converter body, and the bottom of discharge box body is equipped with discharge gate, cyclone separator, the upper portion of discharge box body is connected with the gas outlet of discharge box body upper portion through first connecting pipe, vertical pipeline, and the upper end is connected in the upper end of cyclone separator through second connecting pipe, dust feeding spiral conveyor, and the upper portion is communicated with the lower end of cyclone separator through third connecting pipe, the upper portion of dust feeding spiral conveyor is communicated with the lower end of vertical pipeline through fourth connecting pipe, and the end of dust feeding spiral conveyor is connected in discharge box body, etc, through the structure of multistage biomass charcoal fine dry powder recovery of end connection setting in drying converter body, the biomass fine dry powder of smoke inclusion is fully recycled.

Systems and methods for producing green hydrogen from a source material (e.g., biowaste) are contemplated. The source material is at least partially dehydrated to produce a dried intermediate and recovered water. The dried intermediate is pyrolyzed to produce syngas and a char. The recovered water is electrolyzed to produce oxygen and green hydrogen.

The invention discloses a biomass flame retardant and a preparation method thereof, and the flame retardant is prepared by carrying out physical crosslinking on a phosphorus-containing material, a nitrogen-containing material and a char-forming material to form a three-dimensional network structure and carrying out hydrophobic modification. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving a nitrogen-containing material and a char-forming material, and mixing with a phosphorus-containing material to form hydrogel; performing freeze drying to obtain dry gel; and treating with a hydrophobic modifier and drying. The prepared flame retardant does not contain halogen and heavy metal and is environmentally friendly, and through a three-dimensional porous structure and hydrophobic modification, the flame retardance, the heat insulation property and the water resistance are effectively improved.

Embodiments of the present disclosure related carbon-based foams (CBF). The CBF includes a cured composition. The cured composition includes about 5% to about 20% pyrolysis char (PC) by weight and about 80% to about 95% lignin solution by weight. The lignin solution includes a lignin and a solvent. The solvent includes water, a polyol and a polyisocyanate. A method of making a composition includes grinding and sieving a pyrolysis char (PC) to form a PC powder; mixing a lignin with a solvent to form a lignin solution; mixing the PC powder with the lignin solution to form a lignin-PC solution; mixing a surfactant and a catalyst with the lignin-PC solution to form a raw materials mixture; mixing a foaming agent with the raw materials mixture to form a lignin-PC foam; and curing the lignin-PC foam to form a CBF.

To provide a solid fuel that contains biomass while suppressing fouling. [Solution] The present invention provides a solid fuel comprising biomass char and pulverized coal, wherein, when the total amount of the biomass char and pulverized coal in an oven-dry state is taken as 100% by mass, the biomass char content is 3 to 90% by mass, and the pulverized coal content is 10 to 97% by mass, and in the biomass char, the mannose content as constituent sugars is 2.0 to 12.0% by mass, the xylose content is 0.3 to 10.0% by mass, the arabinose content is 1.0% by mass or less, and the glucose content is 40.0 to 55.0% by mass, and the ash content of the pulverized coal is 20 to 40% by mass on an oven-dry basis.

This invention discloses an apparatus and method for preparing metallurgical coke based on the comprehensive utilization of biomass, relating to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis and its energy conversion equipment. The apparatus includes a biomass coke oven, a fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, a volatilization flue, a cyclone separator, a first condensation separation unit, a second condensation separation unit, an acid washing tank, a drying furnace, a mixing granulator, and a quenching tower. The acid washing tank is used to mix reheated char and wood vinegar to obtain acid-washed biochar; the drying furnace is used to dry the acid-washed biochar; the mixing granulator is used to mix and granulate tar and the dried acid-washed biochar to obtain granular biochar; the volatilization flue is used to volatilize the granular biochar to obtain semi-coke; and the biochar coking chamber is used to coke the semi-coke to obtain bio-coke. This apparatus and method improve the production efficiency and energy utilization efficiency of metallurgical coke, effectively reducing the overall production cost of metallurgical coke.

To provide a solid fuel that contains biomass while suppressing fouling. [Solution] The present invention provides a solid fuel comprising biomass char and pulverized coal, wherein, when the total amount of the biomass char and pulverized coal in an oven-dry state is taken as 100% by mass, the biomass char content is 3 to 90% by mass, and the pulverized coal content is 10 to 97% by mass, and in the biomass char, the mannose content as constituent sugars is 0.5% by mass or less, the xylose content is 0.3 to 10.0% by mass, the arabinose content is 1.0% by mass or less, and the glucose content is 30.0 to 45.0% by mass, and the ash content of the pulverized coal is 20 to 40% by mass on an oven-dry basis.

The present application provides a kind of coal tar macromolecular network model construction method based on HRTEM and XPS, belongs to chemical molecular reaction kinetics technical field, including S1: processing coal tar macromolecular sample HRTEM image data;S2: determine the element composition and functional group composition of coal tar macromolecular sample;S3: set the basic unit structure of coal tar macromolecular network model, and calculate the proportion of different unit structure;S4: construct the aromatic layer sheet of carbon skeleton unit in coal tar macromolecular network model;S5: set the bridge bond of carbon skeleton unit, finally obtain the complete carbon skeleton unit in coal tar macromolecular network model;S6: revise the edge of carbon skeleton unit, hydrogenation is added to carbon skeleton unit and the coal tar macromolecular network model is optimized.It can finely construct coal tar macromolecular network, restore the real composition of coal tar molecule to the greatest extent, ensure that subsequent calculation structure is more real, suitable for constructing macromolecular network model for coal tar obtained under different coal rank and different working conditions.

The present application belongs to the technical field of coal processing and analysis, and provides a process method for coupling of coal pyrolysis and pulverized coal gasification, comprising: determining a pyrolysis reaction rate interval and a gasification rate interval; extracting carbon conversion efficiency under different char residence time in the coupling reaction of coal pyrolysis and pulverized coal gasification corresponding to the pyrolysis reaction rate interval and the gasification rate interval, constructing a char residence time-carbon conversion efficiency curve, identifying a carbon conversion efficiency inflection point, and linearly fitting the char residence time-carbon conversion efficiency curve to analyze and determine a minimum limited char gasification residence time, and combining the carbon conversion efficiency inflection point to determine a char gasification residence interval as a char residence time adjustment target of a next preset analysis period; in the next preset analysis period, according to the difference between the pyrolysis reaction rate interval and the gasification rate interval, performing dynamic update judgment and dynamic update operation of the char residence time adjustment target to ensure that the carbon conversion efficiency meets the standard and avoid energy waste.

This invention provides a method for calculating the replacement ratio of biomass char injection in a blast furnace based on overall furnace energy and mass balance, belonging to the field of blast furnace ironmaking technology. The calculation process includes: first, setting boundary conditions such as raw material data and distribution coefficients; performing overall furnace material balance calculations based on the law of conservation of mass, and inversely calculating the blast volume and top gas volume; correcting the direct reduction degree and determining the hydrogen utilization rate; using a numerical iteration method to solve for the theoretical combustion temperature at the tuyeres; performing multi-region heat balance calculations and verifying model convergence. Finally, using the isothermal state difference method, the amount of fuel required to maintain heat balance is inversely calculated, thereby calculating the theoretical replacement ratio of biomass char to pulverized coal. This invention achieves accurate calculation of biomass char replacement capacity by quantifying the influence of biomass volatiles and eliminating errors caused by fluctuations in thermal regimes.

The utility model relates to the technical field of carbonization equipment, and discloses a special gas-carbon co-production device for high-humidity wastes, which comprises a carbonization furnace box body and a vertical dryer, a plurality of carbonization bins are fixedly connected in the carbonization furnace box body, and a plurality of combustors are fixedly connected on two sides of the carbonization furnace box body. The carbonization furnace box body is fixedly connected with a first exhaust pipe, the vertical dryer further comprises a material collecting box, the material collecting box is fixedly connected with a drying box, and one side of the drying box is fixedly connected with a fan and is communicated with a cavity of the drying box. Through the vibrating screen frame and the multiple staggered flow dividing covers, the gravity accumulation state of raw materials at the bottom of the equipment can be broken, the raw materials are made to form a uniformly-dispersed fluidized state, it is ensured that hot air makes full contact with each raw material, the heat and mass transfer efficiency is greatly improved, meanwhile, the raw materials move smoothly in the equipment, and the heat and mass transfer efficiency is improved. The residence time difference can be reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, and the unit time processing capacity is improved.

The utility model discloses a biomass charcoal gas co-production system for reducing carbon emission in steel smelting, which belongs to the technical field of biomass preparation and comprises a carbonization device, a mixing device, a magnetizing device, a combustion chamber, a pretreatment system, a fermentation device and a steel smelting device. The produced combustible gas is conveyed to the combustion chamber to obtain high-temperature flue gas, and the high-temperature flue gas is conveyed to the magnetizing device; part of the powdery biochar is conveyed to a steel smelting device to replace coal, and part of the powdery biochar and a magnetizing agent are fully mixed and conveyed to a magnetizing device to generate magnetized charcoal and combustible gas with high-temperature flue gas in the magnetizing device; the magnetized carbon is conveyed to the pretreatment system to be fully mixed with biomass for fermentation and then conveyed to the fermentation device to obtain biogas, and the biogas is conveyed to the steel smelting device. According to the utility model, prepared biological natural gas and biological carbon are used as a heat source and a reducing agent, so that the influence on the steel smelting process is small, and the carbon emission in the steel smelting process can be effectively reduced.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to compositions (e.g., pyrolysis char aggregates (PCA)), PCA concrete specimens, and methods of making PCA. A composition includes PC, cementitious material, superplasticizer, water, silica fume, and one or more additives. A method of forming the composition includes mixing a superplasticizer with water to form a wet mixture, mixing one or more additives, silica fume, and PC to form a dry mixture, mixing the wet mixture and the dry mixture to form a PC mixture, curing the PC mixture to form a PC block (PCB), and crushing the PCB to form a PCA. The method of forming a concrete includes mixing an air entraining agent, a water reducer, and water to form a solution, mixing a fine PCA, a course PCA, a cementitious material, water, and the solution to form a PCA concrete, and curing the PCA concrete.

This invention relates to the field of solid waste resource utilization technology, and discloses a method for preparing syngas and high-concentration CO by chemical chain gasification of coal coke powder. The method includes the following steps: (1) chemical chain gasification reaction of coal coke powder, a disposable catalyst and an oxygen carrier, followed by gas-solid separation to obtain syngas and a first solid product; (2) reaction of the first solid product under a CO2 atmosphere and at 700-1000℃, followed by gas-solid separation to obtain a second solid product and a gaseous product with a CO concentration ≥80% by volume; wherein, the disposable catalyst is alkali lignin. The method for preparing syngas and co-producing high-concentration CO by chemical chain gasification of coal coke powder with a disposable catalyst adopted in this invention solves the shortcomings of traditional coal coke powder utilization processes, such as high tar content, low gasification efficiency and difficulty in controlling the H / C ratio, and breaks through the bottleneck of alkali metal utilization in the utilization of alkali lignin. It is of great significance for the co-resource utilization of industrial organic waste.

This invention relates to the field of sludge treatment and environmental deodorization technology, specifically to an in-situ deodorization device for sludge biochar integrated into the drying process. The device includes a support frame, a sludge drying and deodorization reaction mechanism, and a tail gas purification mechanism. The sludge drying and deodorization reaction mechanism is fixedly connected to the inside of the support frame, and the tail gas purification mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the sludge drying and deodorization reaction mechanism. In this invention, the integrated and synergistic effect of sludge drying and in-situ deodorization is achieved through the arrangement of a spiral heating tube, an inner wall scraper, an air distribution plate, and a sealing gasket. The spiral heating tube is installed in a spiral shape, ensuring sludge drying efficiency while preventing excessive volatilization of odorous substances. Simultaneously, the spiral structure increases the heating area, ensuring uniform sludge drying. The inner wall scraper, in conjunction with the spiral mixing plate, thoroughly cleans sludge scale from the inner wall of the drying tank, preventing scale from affecting drying efficiency, and simultaneously promotes uniform sludge movement, improving the drying effect.

Processes for removing oil and other organics especially lipids from process steams comprising lipids, brown grease, and water is disclosed and a process to remove metals and organics from leachate from landfills and other waste sites that generate contaminated water streams. The processes may involve adjusting pH and using electrical fields generated by a device comprising electrodes to induce gas bubbles. The gas bubbles facilitate movement toward the surface of the solution where they may be skimmed off and recovered. Processes are also described that upgrade brown grease to usable precursors for make beneficial products such as jet fuel. Other processes described herein include removal of carbon char from pyrolysis products like tires, plastics, rubbers, municipal solid waste, and oil or sewage sludge.

This invention discloses a stratified and zoned differentiated CO2 injection system and method for blast furnaces, belonging to the field of low-carbon technology in iron and steel metallurgy. The system includes a CO2 supply and distribution system, a tuyere zone injection module, a lower and middle section injection module, and an upper section injection module. Based on the internal temperature gradient and atmosphere stratification characteristics of the blast furnace, a differentiated CO2 distribution ratio and a synergistic heat compensation strategy are adopted. An oxygen-rich CH4 synergistic injection device is configured in the tuyere zone to promote rapid CO2 conversion using a high-temperature, strong reducing atmosphere; a biomass char synergistic injection device and adjustable-angle nozzles are configured in the lower and middle section of the furnace to achieve efficient gasification; and a low-concentration CO2 mixed injection is used in the upper section of the furnace to promote indirect reduction reactions. This invention achieves a CO2 conversion rate of 65-80%, a coke ratio reduction of 15-25%, and CO2 consumption of 60-90 Nm³ per ton of iron. 3 This significantly reduces carbon emissions and improves ironmaking efficiency.

This invention discloses a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant material and its preparation method. By weight, the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant material is prepared from the following parts: 60-80 parts of matrix resin, 15-35 parts of a composite phosphorus-nitrogen flame-retardant system, 1-8 parts of a flame-retardant synergist, 2-10 parts of a compatibilizer, 5-15 parts of reinforcing and modifying filler, and 0.5-5 parts of processing aid. This invention achieves stable flame retardancy at extreme high temperatures under halogen-free conditions through molecular-level coordination between a special flame-retardant system and the matrix, completely avoiding the high-temperature deactivation problem of traditional flame-retardant synergists. Simultaneously, it rapidly catalyzes a dense char layer during combustion, significantly inhibiting the release of smoke and toxic gases. Furthermore, whisker reinforcement and compatibilization technology form a nanoscale interpenetrating structure of organic-inorganic phases, ensuring the mechanical strength and toughness of the material even with ultra-high filling, avoiding brittle fracture caused by stress concentration.

A carbon treatment section is provided for handling carbon containing a liquid slurry, comprising a series of devices for the progressive depolymerization of the liquid slurry and the drying of the carbon, which is then collected and disposed of. This configuration of the process and apparatus for carbon removal treatment and disposal is highly flexible and allows for continuous operation without stopping the depolymerization reactor.

The application relates to the technical field of electrode materials, in particular to a bismuth-based alloy composite electrode material based on biomass charcoal and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following steps: after pretreatment of waste biomass materials, KOH is used for activation and pore making, and porous biomass charcoal is obtained after acid pickling and drying; the porous biomass charcoal, basic bismuth carbonate, tin oxalate, copper oxalate and magnesium powder are mixed to obtain mixed powder, anhydrous ethanol is added to the mixed powder for grinding to a paste, and a precursor mixture is obtained after vacuum drying; the precursor mixture is subjected to a magnesium thermal reduction reaction in an argon atmosphere, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature, and acid pickling and drying are carried out to obtain the bismuth-based alloy composite electrode material based on biomass charcoal. The application solves the problems of large volume expansion and poor conductive stability of the existing bismuth-based alloy electrode, and realizes resource utilization of waste biomass.

This application provides a regenerated char, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of regenerated char materials. The preparation method includes: providing waste activated carbon and a reaction medium; subjecting the waste activated carbon and the reaction medium to hot-press regeneration treatment to obtain hot-pressed regenerated material; and subjecting the hot-pressed regenerated material to flash explosion separation treatment to obtain regenerated char. The regenerated char prepared by this method can transform waste activated carbon into a regenerated char product with excellent grindability, thereby meeting the requirements of blast furnace injection for fuel particle size and grindability.

This invention discloses a self-decontamination device and method for co-processing sludge in brick and tile kilns. The device includes a sludge carbonization unit, a brick and tile kiln production unit, and a flue gas purification unit. The method includes: introducing hot flue gas from the brick and tile kiln production unit as a heat source into the sludge carbonization unit to carbonize the sludge, generating pyrolysis gas and sludge char; using the sludge char for brick preparation; introducing the pyrolysis gas into the high-temperature firing section of the brick and tile kiln for a homogeneous self-denitrification reaction to achieve self-decontamination; and purifying the flue gas using a multi-effect absorbent and a wet electrostatic precipitator to obtain purified flue gas for emission. This invention can effectively purify flue gas pollutants caused by co-firing sludge in brick and tile kilns and reduce odors in the flue gas emitted from brick and tile kilns. As a self-decontamination device and method for co-processing sludge in brick and tile kilns, this invention can be widely applied in the field of air pollution control technology.

Systems and methods are provided for solid gasification that incorporates at least two reactors. The first reactor may include a fluidized bed gasifier for solids conversion into synthesis gas (i.e., syngas), methane (CH4), tar, and char. The gasified products are passed through at least one cyclone filter. Dipleg effluent including at least a portion of the char is passed into a first zone of the second reactor, which comprises a multi-zone thermal reformer.

This invention provides a method and apparatus for preparing high-value combustible gas. The method includes: heating and dehydrating straw under negative pressure using an electromagnetic induction heating device to obtain primary char; extruding the primary char into rods and then pyrolyzing it in a microwave pyrolysis device to release pyrolysis gas and obtain secondary char; introducing the pyrolysis gas into an electromagnetic induction heating device for deep pyrolysis to convert it into combustible gas. This invention combines electromagnetic induction heating and microwave heating technologies, specifically comprising three stages: in the first stage, after negative pressure electromagnetic induction heating, the slightly carbonized straw is extruded into rods; in the second stage, the rod-shaped char is pyrolyzed using microwave technology; and finally, in the third stage, the generated pyrolysis gas is subjected to electromagnetic induction high-temperature deep pyrolysis, thereby improving the calorific value and cleanliness of the combustible gas while reducing tar formation, and obtaining high-quality combustible gas based on multi-stage refined control.