25 results about "Macroporous carbon" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to carbon paper for a gas diffusion layer with a water-gas management function and a preparation method of the carbon paper. The carbon paper for the gas diffusion layer comprises at least three alternately stacked carbon layer structures, odd layers are macroporous carbon layers, and the macroporous carbon layers are formed by dipping carbon fiber base paper in a mixed solution of resin and a conductive material and drying the carbon fiber base paper; the even-numbered layers are small-hole carbon layers, and the small-hole carbon layers comprise resin and conductive materials and are coated on the surfaces of the odd-numbered layers; the odd-numbered layers and the even-numbered layers are compounded through a hot-pressing process to form a composite material; the composite material is subjected to high-temperature heat treatment to form a carbon paper A conductive network is formed in the carbon paper, the carbon paper with higher conductivity is prepared, part of the conductive material is filled in the carbon paper to build a microporous structure, the low-gram-weight base paper forms a macroporous structure, and the conductive material and the resin are mixed to form a microporous structure, so that the water and gas management capability is favorably improved.

The invention discloses a lithium iron phosphate positive electrode material, a positive plate and a preparation method thereof. The material comprises a LiFePOO core with (010) crystal face preferred orientation (the orientation degree is larger than 80%) and a gradient carbon coating layer, the core is co-doped with Ti and F (Ti occupies Li sites, F replaces O sites, and the doping amount x is 0.02-0.08), and the gradient carbon coating layer sequentially comprises microporous carbon, mesoporous carbon and a macroporous carbon / graphene composite layer from inside to outside. The preparation method comprises an optimized liquid phase coprecipitation-segmented sintering process, and comprises the steps of compounding a carbon source in a specific proportion, precisely controlled freeze drying and gradient sintering. The material has excellent ion / electron transmission performance, the 0.2 C specific capacity is greater than or equal to 155mAh / g, the 5C capacity retention ratio is greater than 95%, the low-temperature performance at-40 DEG C is excellent, and the 2000-cycle capacity retention ratio is greater than 90%. The invention also provides a positive plate and a lithium ion battery containing the material, and the positive plate and the lithium ion battery are particularly suitable for high-power power batteries and extreme environments.

The invention provides an ordered macroporous carbon-supported bimetallic monatomic catalyst, a preparation method and application, the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, synthesizing a polymer microsphere template, preparing a first transition metal-organic precursor solution, putting a polystyrene sphere template into the first transition metal-organic precursor solution, and dipping for 2 hours at normal temperature to obtain a product A; s2, carrying out vacuum degassing and suction filtration on the product A, drying the product A in an oven overnight, carrying out vacuum degassing in a solution of ammonia water and methanol in a volume ratio of 1: (0.8-1.2), impregnating the product A at normal temperature for 20-30 hours, carrying out suction filtration to obtain an impregnated template, and drying the impregnated template in the oven overnight to obtain a precursor-filled microsphere template; s3, putting the microsphere template filled with the precursor liquid into a tubular furnace, introducing inert gas, and calcining to obtain a product B; and S4, the product B and a second transition metal precursor liquid are mixed, aged, centrifuged and dried and then placed in a tubular furnace, inert gas is introduced, and calcination is conducted for 2-4 h at the temperature of 600-1000 DEG C.

The application discloses a kind of porous carbon silicon negative electrode materials and preparation method thereof, belong to new energy material technical field, including porous carbon framework, silicon layer and carbon layer;The porous carbon framework includes macroporous carbon framework and the small pore carbon framework nested in macroporous carbon framework inside;The silicon layer is located at the surface of macroporous carbon framework and in small pore carbon framework;The carbon layer is coated on the surface of macroporous carbon framework silicon layer and in the silicon layer located in small pore carbon framework.This application shows a kind of porous carbon silicon negative electrode material, and the lithium ion battery can be prepared using the negative electrode material, and the lithium ion battery prepared has high first efficiency, low expansion and long cycle and the like advantages.

The present application relates to the field of battery, especially to a gradient pore hierarchical nitrogen-doped carbon-coated composite sodium supplement agent and its preparation method and application, comprising: a composite sodium supplement agent core and a coating layer coated on the surface of the composite sodium supplement agent core; wherein the composite sodium supplement agent core comprises: an inorganic sodium supplement phase and an organic sodium supplement phase; the coating layer comprises from inside to outside: an inner dense amorphous carbon layer, a middle mesoporous carbon layer and an outer macroporous carbon layer. The present application innovatively designs a gradient pore carbon coating structure from inside to outside, the inner dense amorphous carbon layer realizes efficient isolation protection, the middle mesoporous carbon layer solves the problem of ion transmission obstruction, and the outer macroporous carbon layer improves the electronic conduction and volume buffering capacity, completely solving the inherent contradiction between the denseness of the traditional carbon coating layer and ion transmission, realizing the synergy and unity of "isolation protection-ion transmission-electronic conduction".

The invention discloses a temperature self-limiting type controllable drug release light-heat hydrogel film and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of light-heat hydrogel films, the method comprises the following steps: S1, packaging a phase change material and a drug in three-dimensional ordered macroporous carbon together to obtain OMCP; s2, modifying the OMCP by adopting a dopamine substance, so as to obtain OMCPA; and S3, mixing the OMCPA with acrylamide, a cross-linking agent and an initiator, adding an accelerant, and carrying out cross-linking polymerization reaction in an ice-water bath to obtain the temperature self-limited controllable drug release photo-thermal hydrogel film. According to the three-dimensional ordered macroporous carbon, the photo-thermal stability is remarkably improved, the leakage risk is avoided, the three-dimensional ordered macroporous structure provides stable framework support for the three-dimensional ordered macroporous carbon, the three-dimensional ordered macroporous carbon serves as a photo-thermal material, the photo-thermal performance does not need to be maintained by depending on the chemical structure stability of a traditional photosensitizer, and the three-dimensional ordered macroporous carbon can be used as a photo-thermal material. And the problem that the photo-thermal stability is reduced due to chemical degradation or structural damage of photosensitizer molecules in photo-thermal circulation is avoided.

Disclosed are a carbon nanotube (CNT)-based three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) carbon material and a preparation method thereof. The CNT-based 3DOM carbon material comprises a honeycomb network structure having a 3DOM structure formed by overlapping CNTs, wherein ordered macropores each have a diameter of 270 nm to 360 nm, and the CNTs each have an outer diameter of 8 nm to 20 nm.

The invention relates to the technical field of mesoporous material preparation, and discloses a macroporous carbon sphere as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The macroporous carbon sphere provided by the invention has a pore channel structure diverging in the center; the pore diameter is 7-150nm, the specific surface area is 80-1600m < 2 > / g, and the pore volume is 0.2-1.5 cm < 3 > / g. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving a first surfactant in a composite solvent to obtain a precursor solution; adding a pore-enlarging agent and a second surfactant into the precursor solution to obtain an emulsion; then adding a phenolic precursor, formaldehyde and a catalyst for reaction; collecting a solid phase, and carrying out heat treatment in an inert atmosphere to obtain macroporous phenolic resin spheres; and carrying out carbonization treatment in an inert atmosphere to obtain the macroporous carbon spheres. The macroporous carbon sphere has a large pore diameter and a highly open pore channel structure, uniform deposition of inert discharge products in pore channels can be realized, efficient ion transmission and gas diffusion are ensured, an excellent conductive network is maintained, and highly reversible generation and decomposition of the discharge products are realized.

The invention discloses a nitrogen hybridization molded macroporous carbon material and a preparation method thereof. The nitrogen content ratio delta of the micron-sized pore surface to the pore wall of the nitrogen hybridization molded macroporous carbon material is 0.9-1.1; the area ratio of 0.5-30 [mu] m pore channels in unit area is greater than 75%, and the ratio of 7.5-15 [mu] m pore channels in the 0.5-30 [mu] m pore channels is greater than 55%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and grinding flour and alkali, adding a proper amount of distilled water, mixing and kneading into a plastic body, and extruding and molding; (2) directly putting the strip-shaped material obtained in the step (1) into a high-pressure kettle for sealed heating treatment, and drying the treated material; and (3) carrying out nitrogen hybridization and activation treatment on the dried material in the step (2) to obtain the nitrogen hybridization molded macroporous carbon material. The bulk phase of the nitrogen-hybridized macroporous carbon material contains micron-sized pore channels, nitrogen-containing functional groups are uniformly distributed on the surfaces and pore walls of macropores, and the nitrogen-hybridized macroporous carbon material has good application prospects in the aspects of catalytic oxidation, catalytic hydrogenation, superhard materials, adsorption, fuel cells and the like.

The application provides a three-dimensional ordered macroporous carbon loaded with acetate-based lanthanide fluoride quantum dots in pores, and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method is as follows: a water solution of three-dimensional ordered macroporous carbon is mixed with a water solution of lanthanide acetate, and uniform solution is obtained by continuous stirring; potassium fluoroborate is added into the uniform solution, and turbid solution is obtained by continuous stirring; the pH value of the turbid solution is adjusted to 1-7, and centrifugal separation and freeze-drying are carried out after continuous stirring, and the three-dimensional ordered macroporous carbon loaded with acetate-based lanthanide fluoride quantum dots in pores is obtained. The acetate-based lanthanide fluoride quantum dots are loaded on the inner surface of the pores of the three-dimensional ordered macroporous carbon material to form a material with a novel multi-level structure, which can not only avoid the blockage of the internal pores of the three-dimensional ordered macroporous material, but also fully utilize the excellent photo-thermal performance of the three-dimensional ordered macroporous carbon and the large capacity adsorption performance of the acetate-based lanthanide fluoride quantum dots on organic dyes, so that the organic dyes are in an effective high-temperature degradation region and the pollutant degradation is realized.

According to the three-dimensional silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, the carbon material with a graphitized structure and a three-dimensional porous structure is firstly synthesized, then nano silicon and the carbon material with the three-dimensional porous structure are directly used for in-situ compounding, and then the surface is coated with a layer of carbon material, so that the three-dimensional silicon-carbon composite negative electrode material is obtained. And the possibility that the silicon-carbon composite material reacts with air or water in the storage process is reduced. According to the three-dimensional porous carbon material with the graphitized structure, the conductivity of macroporous carbon is improved due to graphitization, and meanwhile, the three-dimensional porous structure provides a space for expansion and contraction of a silicon material in the charging and discharging process, so that the invalidation of a negative electrode material and the reduction of the bonding force of a current collector caused by the volume change of silicon are avoided. The particle size of the three-dimensional porous structure silicon-carbon composite material is in a micron level, meanwhile, the compaction density of the material is guaranteed, and the space for industrial application of the material is enlarged.

The invention discloses a molded macroporous carbon material with high basic group content and a preparation method thereof. The basic group content of the molded macroporous carbon material with high basic group content is 0.75-1.15 mmol / g, the area proportion of 0.5-30 [mu] m channels in unit area is greater than 80%, and the proportion of 7.5-15 [mu] m channels in the 0.5-30 [mu] m channels is greater than 60%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing flour and an alkaline substance, grinding, adding a proper amount of distilled water into the mixed material, kneading into a plastic body, and extruding into strips; (2) directly putting the formed material in the step (1) into a closed container for heat treatment, and drying the treated material; and (3) putting the material obtained in the step (2) into a tubular furnace, and carrying out second-stage carbonization under the protection of an inert atmosphere to obtain the carbon material. The carbon material provided by the invention has the advantages of higher basic group content and micron-sized macroporous channel content, high mechanical strength, good wear resistance, simple preparation process and environmental friendliness, and can be widely used in the fields of adsorption materials, catalysts, catalyst carrier materials, electrode materials, hydrogen storage materials and the like.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-activity low-cost supported ortho-parahydrogen conversion catalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a SiO2 pellet template by adopting a Stber method; s2, preparing a methyl methacrylate mixed solution, and adding a SiO2 pellet template; s3, polymerizing to form polymethyl methacrylate; s4, carbonizing the polymethyl methacrylate to obtain a carbon skeleton; s5, preparing an ordered macroporous carbon skeleton; and S6, preparing the supported ortho-parahydrogen conversion catalyst. According to the invention, the problems of harsh preparation conditions, high cost, unfavorable large-scale production and the like of the ortho-parahydrogen conversion catalyst are solved, and the application effect of the ortho-parahydrogen conversion catalyst in the hydrogen liquefaction process is improved.

The application discloses a three-dimensional macroporous nitrogen-doped carbon skeleton loaded zinc telluride modified diaphragm for lithium-sulfur batteries and a preparation method thereof. The diaphragm is prepared by the following steps: styrene, polyvinylpyrrolidone and potassium persulfate are added into deionized water, and after reaction and polymerization, the mixture is extracted and filtered into a template; a mixed solution of zinc nitrate, 2-methylimidazole and methanol is poured into the template; methanol and ammonia water are used for inducing crystallization; after removing the template by using tetrahydrofuran, unsaturated tellurization reaction is carried out by annealing with tellurium powder; finally, the product is extracted and filtered onto a lithium-sulfur battery diaphragm to obtain the three-dimensional macroporous nitrogen-doped carbon skeleton loaded zinc telluride modified diaphragm. The lithium-sulfur battery diaphragm is modified by using an electrocatalytic material. Due to the three-dimensional ordered macroporous nitrogen-doped carbon skeleton introduced by the template method, the vacancy type zinc telluride obtained by subsequent unsaturated tellurization has higher catalytic capacity, and the synergistic effect of the two can effectively inhibit the shuttle of polysulfides and induce uniform deposition of Li2S, so that the reaction kinetics of the lithium-sulfur battery can be effectively improved.

This invention provides a method for preparing a three-dimensional textured macroporous carbon composite with adjustable carbon shell morphology, comprising the following steps: S1, dispersing a phenolic prepolymer in a solvent to prepare a phenolic prepolymer slurry; S2, adding graphene oxide to the prepared phenolic prepolymer slurry, mixing well, and preparing a carbon precursor spraying liquid; S3, spraying the prepared carbon precursor spraying liquid onto a planar fiber carrier to obtain a carbon precursor carrier composite; S4, heat-treating the carbon precursor carrier composite to obtain three-dimensional hollow porous carbon. This invention uses planar fiber materials as the reaction site, eliminating the need for other templates, and uses graphene oxide as the key component of the carbon precursor. Combining the advantages of continuous operation technology such as ultrasonic dispersion and atomized spraying, the carbon precursor is composited on the surface and interior of the carrier. After heat treatment, three-dimensional hollow porous carbon is prepared. The morphology of the carbon shell composited on the three-dimensional textured macroporous carbon framework can be controlled simply by adjusting the content of the key components in the carbon precursor.

The present invention provides a reticular macroporous carbon material and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein 4,4'-diaminobiphenyl and 1,4-benzoquinone are heated and reacted in an alcohol solvent to prepare a reticular macroporous precursor, and then the precursor is prepared by high-temperature cracking and carbonization under the protection of an inert gas. The carbon material prepared by the present invention has a specific reticular macroporous morphology, rich pores, and pores that are connected and evenly distributed throughout the carbon material particles, and has surface properties doped with nitrogen and oxygen heteroatoms. The carbon material or the carbon material after further activation and modification can be applied to supercapacitor electrode materials, adsorption materials, filter filling materials, template materials, composite carrier materials, etc.

The application provides an ordered macroporous carbon-supported bimetallic monatomic catalyst, a preparation method and application. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, synthesizing a polymer microsphere template, preparing a first transition metal-organic precursor solution, putting polystyrene ball templates into the first transition metal-organic precursor solution for normal-temperature immersion for 2 hours to obtain product A; S2, vacuum degassing the product A, performing suction filtration and placing the product A in an oven for drying overnight, placing the product A in a solution with an ammonia water and methanol volume ratio of 1:(0.8-1.2) for vacuum degassing, performing normal-temperature immersion for 20-30 hours, performing suction filtration to obtain the immersed template, placing the template in the oven for drying overnight to obtain a precursor-filled microsphere template; S3, placing the precursor-filled microsphere template in a tube furnace, introducing inert gas, and calcining to obtain product B; S4, mixing the product B with a second transition metal precursor solution, aging, centrifuging, drying, and then placing the product in a tube furnace, introducing inert gas, and calcining at 600-1000 DEG C for 2-4 hours.

The application discloses a lithium iron phosphate positive electrode material, a positive electrode sheet and a preparation method thereof. The material comprises a LiFePO4 core with (010) crystal face preferred orientation (orientation degree > 80%) and a gradient carbon coating layer, wherein the core is co-doped with Ti4+ and F- (Ti4+ occupies Li sites, F- substitutes O sites, and the doping amount x = 0.02-0.08), and the gradient carbon coating layer comprises, from inside to outside, microporous carbon, mesoporous carbon and macroporous carbon / graphene composite layers. The material is prepared by an optimized liquid-phase co-precipitation-subsection sintering process, comprising specific proportion carbon source compounding, precise control freezing drying and gradient sintering steps. The material has excellent ion / electron transmission performance, a 0.2C specific capacity of greater than or equal to 155 mAh / g, a 5C capacity retention rate of greater than 95%, excellent low-temperature performance at-40 DEG C, and a 2000-cycle capacity retention rate of greater than 90%. The application further provides a positive electrode sheet and a lithium ion battery comprising the material, and the material is particularly suitable for high-power power batteries and extreme environment applications.

The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant coating, a PVC common permeable membrane containing the high-temperature-resistant coating and a production process, and belongs to the technical field of functional polymer materials, PVC resin, a methyl tin stabilizer and zinc stearate are pressed and molded, then the high-temperature-resistant coating is sprayed on the surface, silicon dioxide is used as a sacrificial template on the surface of polystyrene microspheres, and the high-temperature-resistant coating is prepared. The hollow macroporous carbon microspheres with large aperture are obtained, the repairing agent and the curing agent are fixed in the hollow macroporous carbon microspheres to form a microcapsule structure, and microcapsules have good thermal conductivity and strength, so that the thermal conductivity and the overall strength of the material can be remarkably improved; the microcapsule is coated with a cellulose modified polycaprolactone layer, cellulose is a natural polymer material and has rich hydroxyl groups, the functional groups can enhance the interface bonding with a PVC matrix, when the microcapsule is in contact with high temperature, the polycaprolactone layer loses the structural integrity, but the structure of the microcapsule is not damaged, so that the microcapsule is not prone to cracking, and the service life of the microcapsule is prolonged. And the long-term stability of the coating strength can be maintained.

The invention discloses coal tar residue nano sponge-based macroporous carbon as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of oil pollution treatment materials. The preparation method of the coal tar residue nano sponge-based macroporous carbon comprises the following steps: performing carbonization treatment on coal tar residues in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a coal tar residue carbonized material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving a coal tar residue carbonized material in an organic solvent to prepare an impregnation liquid, taking a nano sponge as a matrix, soaking the nano sponge in the impregnation liquid until the nano sponge adsorbs the impregnation liquid until the impregnation liquid is saturated, and then removing the organic solvent to obtain the nano sponge containing coal tar residues. And activating the nano sponge containing the coal tar residues in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain the coal tar residue-based nano sponge macroporous carbon. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the surface of the nano sponge is hydrophobic, the oil absorption efficiency is improved, and the utilization rate of the coal tar residues is also improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, and discloses a preparation method of 3-methyl-2-butene-1-alcohol and a catalyst thereof, the preparation method comprises the following steps: 2-methyl-3-butene-2-alcohol is subjected to an isomerization reaction under the catalysis of a composite catalyst to generate 3-methyl-2-butene-1-alcohol, the composite catalyst comprises an active component, a modifier and a carrier, the modifier is amino acid; the active component comprises a cobalt element and an auxiliary agent metal; the auxiliary metal is one or more of palladium, ruthenium, iridium, platinum, iron, copper, nickel and bismuth; the carrier is one or more of macroporous silicon dioxide, macroporous calcium phosphate, macroporous aluminum oxide, macroporous carbon, macroporous silicon carbide and macroporous LaFeO3. The isomerization reaction process is simple, hydroisomerization is not needed, the final product selectivity is high, and no hydrogen-passing by-product is generated.

The present invention discloses novel porous polymeric compositions comprising random copolymers of amides, imides, ureas, and carbamic-anhydrides, useful for the synthesis of monolithic bimodal microporous / macroporous carbon aerogels. It also discloses methods for producing said microporous / macroporous carbon aerogels by the reaction of a polyisocyanate compound and a polycarboxylic acid compound, followed by pyrolytic carbonization, and by reactive etching with CO2 at elevated temperatures. Also disclosed are methods for using the microporous / macroporous carbon aerogels in the selective capture and sequestration of carbon dioxide.

The application belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, and discloses a preparation method of 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol and a catalyst thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol is subjected to isomerization under the catalysis of a composite catalyst to generate 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol; the composite catalyst comprises an active ingredient, a modifier and a carrier; the modifier is an amino acid; the active ingredient comprises cobalt elements and auxiliary metals; the auxiliary metals are one or more of palladium, ruthenium, iridium, platinum, iron, copper, nickel and bismuth; and the carrier is one or more of macroporous silica, macroporous calcium phosphate, macroporous aluminum oxide, macroporous carbon, macroporous silicon carbide and macroporous LaFeO3. The isomerization process is simple, no hydrogen is needed for isomerization, the selectivity of the final product is high, and no over-hydrogen by-product is generated.

The invention discloses a microbial agent for biologically preventing and treating rice diseases and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural microorganisms, a preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively loading a trichoderma harzianum spore liquid, a bacillus spore liquid, a streptomyces jingyangensis mycelium fragment suspension and an azospirillum suspension on a charcoal carrier with a hierarchical pore structure; embedding with a coating solution containing rhodopseudomonas palustris spore solution to obtain a coating carrier; granulating and forming the coating carrier, humic acid powder, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water to obtain a microbial agent; the biochar carrier comprises a macroporous carbon carrier and a microporous carbon carrier; the pore diameter of the macroporous carbon carrier is 10-100 microns, and the macroporous carbon carrier is loaded with trichoderma harzianum spore liquid and streptomyces jingyangensis mycelium fragment suspension; the pore diameter of the microporous carbon carrier is less than 10 microns, and the microporous carbon carrier is loaded with bacillus spore liquid and azospirillum suspension; the three bottlenecks of flora mutual inhibition, insufficient slow release and degradation limitation are broken through, and an irreplaceable solution is provided for rice disease prevention and control and soil micro-ecological reconstruction.