2059 results about "Carbon particle" patented technology

A process for the production of coated silicon / carbon particles comprising: providing a carbon residue forming material; providing silicon particles; coating said silicon particles with said carbon residue forming material to form coated silicon particles; providing particles of a carbonaceous material; coating said particles of carbonaceous material with said carbon residue forming material to form coated carbonaceous particles; embedding said coated silicon particles onto said coated carbonaceous particles to form silicon / carbon composite particles; coating said silicon / carbon composite particles with said carbon residue forming material to form coated silicon / carbon composite particles; and stabilizing the coated composite particles by subjecting said coated composite particles to an oxidation reaction. The coated composite particles will have a substantially smooth coating. The particles may be coated with multiple layers of carbon residue forming material /

There is provided an air filter, which has a long lifetime and permits to capture effectively carbon particles and reduce costs. The air filter has the first filter layer 11 impregnated with oil and the second filter layer 12, which is provided on the downstream side of the first filter layer 11 and serves as a lipophobic layer having an oil-repellent property. The filter material of the first filter layer 11 has a higher density than the filter material of the second filter material 12.

An adsorbent material fabricated into a reinforcement-free, self-supported coherent thin sheet and configured for use as a parallel passage contactor element in adsorption / separation applications with gases and liquids is disclosed. The adsorbent sheet material is obtained by enmeshing fine adsorbent particulates in a polymer binder. Particulates include but are not limited to carbon particles, inorganic oxides particles, or ceramic particles, or synthetic polymer resin particles. The adsorbent sheet advantageously contains a large volume percentage of active adsorbent particles. The parallel passage contactor device fabricated from the adsorbent sheet material is characterized by minimal mass transfer resistance and better separation efficiency expressed as height equivalent to a theoretical plate, while it maintains most of the adsorptive properties of the starting particulates, and can be used in gas separation applications with short adsorption cycles, such as rapid pressure swing adsorption, rotary concentrators, rapid electric swing adsorption.

Flexible force / pressure sensors for producing electrical output signals proportional to forces or pressures exerted on the sensor include a thin, elastically deformable foam pad laminated between a pair of electrically conducive fabric sheets. A piezocapacitive embodiment of the sensor utilizes an elastically deformable perforated open-cell polyurethane foam pad preferably saturated with glycerin to increase the capacitance of the sensor. The piezocapacitive sensor section is preferably stacked onto a piezoresistive section having a second open-cell foam pad containing piezoresistive carbon particles to form a hybrid piezocapacitive / piezoresistive sensor. A third, “leaky dielectric” embodiment of a sensor includes a single open-cell foam pad which contains both a dielectric liquid and conductive particles. A low frequency such as d.c. to a few hertz is applied to a sensor to determine piezoresistive response of the sensor to forces or pressures and a higher frequency such as 30 KHz is applied to determine piezocapactive response.

A portable, variable speed cabin air purifier (10) operates independently of a vehicle HVAC system and is constructed as an armrest or console (114) that can be placed on any passenger seat and held in place by the seat belt. The air purifier (10) may also be strapped to the floor of a van or SUV, or be positioned in the trunk (100) of a sedan with ducting (104, 108) installed into the vehicle cabin. A 12 volt DC blower (48) can be connected to the cigarette lighter outlet (62) or permanently wired in. Three to five replaceable packed bed filter media packets (70-76), a HEPA filter (78) and a carbon impregnated filter (80) may be installed. The filter media packets (70-76) comprise filter media envelopes (86) of a non-woven, gross particulate filter material packed with other filter media (88), including desiccants, sorbents, chemisorbents, pelletized and granular carbon particles, and catalysts, and are placed between grates (82, 84) and installed in a selected sequence.

An improved catalyst for producing carbon fibrils is made by incorporating an effective yield-enhancing amount of a carboxylate into a fibril-forming catalyst. Alternatively, such a catalyst is made by coprecipitating a compound of a metal having fibril-forming catalytic properties and an aluminum and / or magnesium compound, optionally in the presence of carbon particles or carbon fibril aggregates. The catalyst may also be made by incorporating a compound of a fibril-forming metal onto magnesia particles in carbon particles or carbon fibril aggregates. The catalysts, methods of using them to form carbon fibrils and those carbon fibrils are also disclosed.

A solid polymer electrolyte membrane having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, where the solid polymer electrolyte membrane has a failure force greater than about 115 grams and comprises a composite membrane consisting essentially of (a) at least one expanded PTFE membrane having a porous microstructure of polymeric fibrils, and (b) at least one ion exchange material impregnated throughout the porous microstructure of the expanded PTFE membrane so as to render an interior volume of the expanded PTFE membrane substantially occlusive; (c) at least one substantially occlusive, electronically insulating first composite layer interposed between the expanded PTFE membrane and the first surface, the first composite layer comprising a plurality of first carbon particles supporting a catalyst comprising platinum and an ion exchange material, wherein a plurality of the first carbon particles has a particle size less than about 75 nm, or less than about 50 nm, or less than about 25 nm.

An exhaust gas purifying system for an automotive internal combustion engine. The exhaust gas purifying system comprises a flow-through monolithic catalyst disposed in an exhaust gas passageway through which exhaust gas flows. The monolithic catalyst functions to adsorb and oxidize a soluble organic fraction in exhaust gas, to adsorb nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas in a condition in which a temperature of exhaust gas is not higher than 200° C. and to allow carbon particle in exhaust gas to pass through the monolithic catalyst. Additionally, a filter catalyst is disposed in the exhaust gas passageway downstream of the flow-through monolithic catalyst. The filter catalyst functions to trap the carbon particle and to oxidize hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide in exhaust gas.

This invention relates to a kind of silicon&carbon composite material with a spherical appearance and core-shell structure in spherical particles with a mean diameter of 1.2~53 micron and a 'core-shell' structure, there are silicon particles 5~50wt% and carbon particles 50~95wt%, the core of which is spherical carbon particles with a mean diameter of 1~45 micron. The carbon particles are the mixture of one, two or three kinds of mesophase carbon graphite balls, hard carbon balls and spherical graphite ball. The thickness of the shell is 0.1~4 microns composed of carbon and silicon grains with the average size of 10 nm~4 micron. The carbon&silicon composite materials are achieved through thermal decomposition and chemical vapor deposition after the spherical carbon particles are coated with silicon and carbon composite ultrafine silica slurry.

A catalyst layer on a substrate material which contains a proton-conducting polymer (ionomer), electrically conductive carbon particles and fine particles of at least one precious metal. The catalyst layer is obtainable by coating the substrate material with an ink which contains a dispersion of the carbon particles and at least one organic precious metal complex compound in a solution of the ionomer, and drying the coating below a temperature at which the ionomer or the substrate material is thermally damaged, the precious metals in the complex compounds being present with an oxidation number of 0 and the complex compounds being thermally decomposed during drying to form the fine precious metal particles.

The invention relates to a novel carbon-sulfur compound for an anode material of a lithium-sulfur battery and a preparation method thereof. Sulfur is filled into a nano and micron hole of a matrix in an elementary substance way by taking a macroporous carbon material with high pore volume, electrical conductivity and specific surface area as the matrix, and the sulfur and carbon can also carry out combination reaction so as to prepare the novel carbon-sulfur compound of which the sulfur exists in one or more chemical states in a carbon material. The novel carbon-sulfur compound used as the anode material of the lithium-sulfur battery has the advantages that the high pore volume has large contained sulfur contents and can ensure high electric capacity; the small granularity of the sulfur can reduce a conductive distance between ions and electrons and increase the utilization ratio of the sulfur; and the adsorption characteristics of the high specific surface of the carbon material can inhibit a discharging intermediate product from dissolving and moving towards a cathode, reduce the self discharge, prevent a nonconductive discharging product, namely lithium sulfide from largely accumulating outside carbon particles and reduce internal resistance, therefore, the material can improve the specific energy, the specific power and the cycle performance of the lithium-sulfur battery.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a high thermal conductive element that has improved thermal conductivity in the layer direction while retaining the high thermal conductivity characteristics in the planar direction possessed by graphite. The present invention is a high thermal conductive element in which carbon particles are dispersed in a graphite-based matrix, wherein (1) the c axis of the graphene layers constituting the graphite are substantially parallel, (2) the thermal conductivity κ∥ in a direction perpendicular to the c axis is at least 400 W / m·k and no more than 1000 W / m·k, and (3) the thermal conductivity κ⊥ in a direction parallel to the c axis is at least 10 W / m·k and no more than 100 W / m·k.

Enhancement of the storage property at a high temperature and discharge characteristics at a low temperature of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell is intended. A negative electrode material which is prepared by covering the surface of a nucleus made of a graphite powder with a carbonaceous matter, the graphite powder having a specified plane interval, spectrum value, mean particle size, specific surface area, tapping density, and (110) / (004) X-ray peak intensity ratio, is used in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell.

The invention relates to microwave photocatalytic degradation reaction equipment and belongs to the technical field of waste water treatment. The equipment provided by the invention aims at solving the problems that a membrane separation component is destroyed owning to thermal abrasion and the outer side of an electrodeless ultra violet lamp screen is scaled as the electrodeless ultraviolet lamp screen adopts a quartz tube in the prior art of microwave photocatalytic degradation on industrial waste water containing organic pollutant in a package manner. According to the invention, an organic matter membrane separation assembly is contained in a metal cage-shaped microwave shielding case, influence of microwave is isolated, and the absorption of metal particles and carbon particles, which are inevitably attached on the surface of the membrane separation assembly, to microwave energy is inhibited, so that thermal abrasion destruction on the membrane separation assembly is avoided; meanwhile, the cage-shaped microwave shielding case disclosed by the invention does not influence the function and operation of the membrane separation assembly; and an ultrasonic transducer is attached to the outer side of the wall face of a reactor, and the scale is immediately eliminated by high frequency ultrasonic wave through sound wave propagation by virtue of the wall of the reactor and a liquid mixture inside the wall.

A device for connecting a source of electrical power to a coating or film incorporating carbon particles, an objective met by providing a coating of a nickel compound to the coating or film of carbon particles, and applying to the nickel coating a tin-copper tape coated with a silver-loaded conductive adhesive. What results is a uniform heating effect over a relatively wide area, substantially free from hot and cold spots or areas.

To provide a negative electrode active material for an electricity storage device, which has considerably enhanced low-temperature characteristic, increased energy density, and increased output power. A negative electrode active material is made of a carbon composite containing carbon particles as a core and a fibrous carbon having a graphene structure, which is formed on the surfaces and / or the inside of the carbon particles, wherein the carbon composite has a volume of all mesopores within 0.005 to 1.0 cm3 / g, and a volume of the mesopores each with a pore diameter ranging from 100 to 400 Å of not less than 25% of the volume of all mesopores.

An exhaust gas purifying system for an automotive internal combustion engine. The exhaust gas purifying system comprises a flow-through monolithic catalyst disposed in an exhaust gas passageway through which exhaust gas flows. The monolithic catalyst functions to adsorb and oxidize a soluble organic fraction in exhaust gas, to adsorb nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas in a condition in which a temperature of exhaust gas is not higher than 200° C. and to allow carbon particle in exhaust gas to pass through the monolithic catalyst. Additionally, a filter catalyst is disposed in the exhaust gas passageway downstream of the flow-through monolithic catalyst. The filter catalyst functions to trap the carbon particle and to oxidize hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide in exhaust gas.

The present invention relates to an electrode metal material for batteries, capacitors, etc, used in contact with non-aqueous electrolyte, and particularly to a capacitor formed of the electrode metal material, and provides a valve metal material capable of decreasing the internal resistance of the capacitor. The electrode metal material comprises a valve metal material and numerous carbon particles included in the surface of the valve metal material. The carbon particles are further fixed in the surface of the valve metal material so as to expose to the surface. The electrode metal material is coated with an activated carbon layer and used as a double-layer electrode for an electric double-layer capacitor. The carbon particles included in the surface ensure conduction between the activated carbon layer and the valve metal material. With this configuration, even if the surface of the valve metal material is oxidized, the internal resistance of the electrode is not decreased, the internal resistance of the capacitor is decreased, and the capacitance of the capacitor is increased.

The invention relates to a nano carbon material with a network structure consisting of polymer chains, in particular to a nano carbon sulfur composite material with a network structure suitable to be used in a secondary lithium sulfur battery anode and a preparation method thereof. The carbon sulfur composite material is formed by adopting the following steps of: introducing functional groups onto carbon particles by adopting the electric conductivity and the porosity of a carbon material and the reaction capacity of similar condensed aromatics of the carbon material and by means of an irreversible chemical reaction; introducing the polymer chains, wherein the polymer chains are stretched, bent and cross-linked on the surfaces of the carbon particles to form a cross-linked network structure; and compounding a sulfur element or a polysulfide (m is more than 2) containing -Sm- structure into the network structure to form the nano carbon sulfur composite material with the network structure. The carbon sulfur composite material has a rich cross-linked network structure, nano-scale network pores constrain the sulfur element or the polysulfide (m is more than 2) containing the -Sm- structure in the network, and the active substances are limited in a certain region to react, so that the composite material has predominant electrochemical performance.

A primary cell having an anode comprising lithium and a cathode comprising iron disulfide (FeS2) and carbon particles. The electrolyte comprises a lithium salt dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent mixture which contains an alkyl ester, preferably an alkyl acetate. The electrolyte solvent may also include an organic cyclic carbonate. A cathode slurry is prepared comprising iron disulfide powder, carbon, binder, and a liquid solvent. The mixture is coated onto a conductive substrate and solvent evaporated leaving a dry cathode coating on the substrate. The anode and cathode can be spirally wound with separator therebetween and inserted into the cell casing with electrolyte then added.

A unitary graphene matrix composite comprising: (a) a unitary graphene matrix containing an oxygen content of 0.001% to 10% by weight, obtained from heat-treating a graphene oxide gel at a temperature higher than 100° C. and contains no discrete graphene platelets derived from the graphene oxide gel; (b) a carbon or graphite filler phase selected from carbon or graphite fiber, carbon or graphite nano-fiber, carbon nano-tube, carbon nano-rod, meso-phase carbon particle, meso-carbon micro-bead, exfoliated graphite flake with a thickness greater than 100 nm, exfoliated graphite or graphite worm, coke particle, needle coke, carbon black or acetylene black particle, activated carbon particle, or a combination thereof. The carbon or graphite filler phase is preferably in a particulate, filamentary, or rod-like form dispersed in and bonded by the unitary graphene matrix. This composite exhibits a combination of exceptional thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, surface hardness, and scratch resistance.

A method for making a lithium mixed metal compound includes: preparing a reactant mixture that contains a metal compound, a lithium compound, and optionally, a phosphate-containing compound; and exposing the reactant mixture to an atmosphere in the presence of suspended carbon particles, and conducting a reduction to reduce oxidation state of at least one metal ion of the reactant mixture at a temperature sufficient to form a reaction product containing lithium and the reduced metal ion.

The present invention relates to a novel process for sustainable, continuous production of hydrogen and carbon by catalytic dissociation or decomposition of hydrocarbons at elevated temperatures using in-situ generated carbon particles. Carbon particles are produced by decomposition of carbonaceous materials in response to an energy input. The energy input can be provided by at least one of a non-oxidative and oxidative means. The non-oxidative means of the energy input includes a high temperature source, or different types of plasma, such as, thermal, non-thermal, microwave, corona discharge, glow discharge, dielectric barrier discharge, or radiation sources, such as, electron beam, gamma, ultraviolet (UV). The oxidative means of the energy input includes oxygen, air, ozone, nitrous oxide (NO2) and other oxidizing agents. The method, apparatus and process of the present invention is applicable to any gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon fuel and it produces no or significantly less CO2 emissions compared to conventional processes.

Carbon fluoride particles in which a number-average particle size is 0.01 to 50 mu m, a content of particles having such a diameter that the particles size distribution falls with in range of the number-average particle size + / -20% amounts to at least 50% of the whole, a true specific gravity is 1.7 to 2.5, a F / C as a whole is 0.001 to 0.5, and a F / C at the surface is always larger than the F / C as a whole and is 0.1 to 2. 0. These carbon fluoride partilces are obtainable by reacting carbon particles with fluorine at 350 DEG to 600 DEG C. for one minute to six hours. These carbon fluoride particles have an excellent dispersibility and a powder flowability, and are usable solely or in the form of a composite, as water- and oil-repellents, non-tackifying agents, solid lubricants, agents for imparting electric conductivity, additives to toner for developing electrostatic image, additives to coating of carrier for developing electrostatic image, composit materials for fixing roller, phosphoric acid fuel cells, zinc / air batteries and nickel / hydride storage batteries.

An inexpensive and reliable dry process based capacitor and method for making a self-supporting dry electrode film for use therein is disclosed. Also disclosed is an exemplary process for manufacturing an electrode for use in an energy storage device product, the process comprising: supplying dry carbon particles; supplying dry binder; dry mixing the dry carbon particles and dry binder; and dry fibrillizing the dry binder to create a matrix within which to support the dry carbon particles as dry material.

An electrode for a fuel cell of the present invention includes an electrode substrate, a microporous layer formed on the surface of the electrode substrate, and a nano-carbon layer formed on the surface of the microporous layer with a catalyst layer coated on the surface of the nano-carbon layer. Alternatively, an electrode for a fuel cell includes an electrode substrate in which carbon particles are dispersed, a nano-carbon layer on the electrode substrate, and a catalyst layer on the nano-carbon layer.

In a polymer electrolyte fuel cell including a hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte membrane; a pair of electrodes composed of catalyst layers sandwiching the hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte membrane between them and gas diffusion layers in contact with the catalyst layers; a conductive separator plate having a gas flow channel for supplying a fuel gas to one of the electrodes; and a conductive separator plate having a gas flow channel for supplying an oxidant gas to the other electrode, in order to bring a hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte and a catalyst metal of the catalyst layers containing the hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte and conductive carbon particles carrying the catalyst metal sufficiently and uniformly into contact with each other, the polymer electrolyte is provided in pores of an agglomerate structure of the conductive carbon particles. Consequently, the reaction area inside the electrodes is increased, and higher performance is exhibited.

A solid polymer electrolyte-catalyst combined electrode which comprises a solid polymer electrolyte and carbon particles carrying a catalytic material. The solid polymer fuel cell electrode contains carbon particles which are monolayer carbon nano-horn aggregates. The monolayer carbon nano-horns are made up of monolayer carbon nano-tubes of a specific structures each having a conical shape at one end, and are aggregated spherically. A solid polymer fuel cell using the electrode is also provided.