316 results about "Carbon layer" patented technology

This invention discloses a flame-retardant silicone rubber for cables and its preparation method, belonging to the field of cable material technology. By copolymerizing methyl vinyl silicone rubber with flame-retardant modified spiky hollow microspheres, the flame-retardant modified spiky hollow microspheres can be fixed in the silicone rubber network. The flame-retardant modified spiky hollow microspheres themselves are inorganic high-temperature resistant ceramic materials. The hollow structure can form a physical heat insulation and oxygen barrier layer, blocking heat transfer and oxygen penetration, and delaying the thermal decomposition of the matrix. The grafted phosphorus-based flame-retardant groups and the nitrogen element of 4-aminobenzoic acid form a phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic chemical flame retardant. During combustion, a dense carbon layer is quickly generated, which inhibits flame spread, reduces heat release rate, and has excellent smoke suppression and toxicity reduction effects, meeting the stringent requirements for cable fire safety.

This application relates to a silicon-carbon composite anode material, its preparation method, and its application. The silicon-carbon composite anode material has a core-shell structure, comprising, from the inside out: a core, which is a silicon-carbon composite matrix; an intermediate shell, which is a rigid tungsten nitride layer covering the outer surface of the silicon-carbon composite matrix; and an outer shell, which is a flexible conductive carbon layer covering the outer surface of the intermediate shell. This application proposes using tungsten nitride (W2N) as the inner rigid coating material to form a high-strength, conductive W2N protective layer on the surface of the silicon-carbon composite material, and further coating it with a flexible conductive carbon layer, constructing a "hard shell-soft layer" dual-layer synergistic protection structure, thereby systematically alleviating the key technical challenges of the aforementioned silicon-based anodes.

The present application relates to a kind of double-layer cable protection sleeve and its preparation method and application, the double-layer cable protection sleeve includes gas production inner layer and carbon formation outer layer;The gas production inner layer includes resin matrix A, metal hydrate flame retardant and sheet nano filler A;The carbon formation outer layer includes resin matrix B, intumescent flame retardant and sheet nano filler B.The present application is structured and formula design to cable protection sleeve, utilize the difference of two layers of material decomposition temperature realizes combustion timing cooperation, to dynamically construct thick porous heat shield, solve the problem that traditional single-layer high filling flame-retardant sheath carbon layer is easy to peel off, gas dissipation direction is uncontrollable, and the problem of low flame-retardant efficiency, realizes the self-reinforced flame-retardant protection of combustion trigger type under the premise of not relying on superhigh filling amount.

The application relates to the technical field of battery materials, and particularly discloses a silicon-oxygen negative electrode material, a preparation method and application thereof. The silicon-oxygen material is coated by adopting a'secondary ethyne carbon coating' process, the deposition conditions of ethyne cracking are accurately controlled, the fluorides remaining on the surface of the active substance are fully coated by the secondary carbon layer, direct contact between the fluorides and the electrolyte is isolated, and the high-temperature storage stability of the material is significantly improved. The battery prepared by adopting the material provided by the application has a highest high-temperature storage initial efficiency of 71%, and the high-temperature storage capacity retention rate of a comparative sample (fluoride exposure) without secondary ethyne carbon coating treatment is only 61%. It is shown that the growth range of the interface impedance of the material provided by the application is significantly reduced after high-temperature storage, and it is shown that the interface side reaction is effectively inhibited.

A process for producing composite electrode particles coated with a granular silicon structure, a carbon layer, and zinc oxide, comprising the following steps: introducing several first silicon particles, a macromolecular material, bitumen, and an alcohol solution into a grinding mill for mixing to cause some of the first silicon particles to form several composite silicon particles; then introducing several porous carbon particles into the grinding mill for mixing to form a first mixture; then introducing the first mixture into a rotary evaporator to obtain several mixed powders; then introducing the mixed powders into a sintering furnace to perform atmospheric sintering to obtain several first composite particles coated with the carbon layer that incorporates the first silicon particles and the composite silicon particles;and then the introduction of several zinc oxide particles and the first composite particles into a roller mixer for mixing in order to obtain the composite electrode particles.

The present invention relates to a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, a manufacturing method thereof, and a lithium secondary battery including the same, the negative electrode including: a crystalline carbon layer; an amorphous carbon layer having a network structure formed on the crystalline carbon layer, and formed of disordered and non-crystalline carbon atoms; and lithium ions or lithium carbide compounds embedded in the amorphous carbon layer, and lithium metal electrodeposited around the lithium ions or lithium carbide compounds, wherein the amorphous carbon layer includes a carbon defect structure formed of electron-deficient carbon atoms, the crystalline carbon layer includes a plurality of carbon fibers, and when the amorphous carbon layer is analyzed by XPS, a ratio of a peak intensity originating from the carbon defect structure to a peak intensity originating from carbon having an sp 2 hybrid structure is 0.3 or more. The negative electrode of the present invention can provide a lithium secondary battery having a higher energy density, and can fundamentally prevent an electrolyte decomposition reaction and lithium dendrite formation.

An exemplary embodiment of the present invention can provide a method of manufacturing a graphene film, including preparing a substrate including a carbon layer in a chamber, and forming a graphene layer by forming plasma in the chamber and applying a positive voltage pulse to the substrate.

The present application relates to the technical field of non-noble metal catalysts, and provides a sulfur-doped cobalt-based material with a core-shell porous structure, which has Co nanoparticles as an inner core, and a porous carbon layer containing Co9S8 coated on the surface of the Co nanoparticles. The present application significantly enhances the catalytic capacity of the material by regulating the micro-morphology and surface active site composition and structure of the material through sulfur doping. On the one hand, the metal sulfide obtained by S doping improves the electrical conductivity of the catalyst, and on the other hand, the S element can regulate the microstructure and morphology of the material due to its strong reducing effect, so that S doping is beneficial to promoting the exposure of active sites and the diffusion of target molecule, thereby significantly enhancing the oxygen molecule activation efficiency and improving the benzyl alcohol oxidation activity and selectivity.

The application discloses a kind of based on MXene / bimetallic phosphide / multi-polyphenol polymer multilevel flame-retardant photothermal material and preparation method, the material with nanosheet as base, by in-situ construction precursor and form bimetallic cobalt-nickel phosphide structure through phosphorization reaction, subsequently introduce tannic acid and dopamine on its surface, in-situ copolymerization is formed with the characteristics of multi-polyphenol photothermal layer of imitation mussel, to construct MXene / bimetallic phosphide / multi-polyphenol layer multilevel composite structure.The prepared photothermal material described in the application has excellent flame-retardant performance and photothermal conversion performance, can promote the formation of dense carbon layer during combustion, effectively inhibit heat release, smoke generation and toxic gas release;Under light condition, it can realize efficient photo-thermal conversion, and is used for preventing and removing ice in low-temperature environment.Adding the material as flame retardant to thermoplastic polyurethane can significantly improve the limiting oxygen index of the composite material and reduce the peak heat release rate.

This invention provides a multi-layer gradient composite sheath flame-retardant power cable, relating to the technical field of power cables. It includes, from the inside out, a conductor core unit, a filling layer, an inner reinforcing layer, and a multi-layer gradient composite sheath. Several groups of conductor core units are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the cable. Each conductor core unit includes a conductor core, the outer wall of which is covered with a conductor insulation layer. A fire-resistant carbon layer is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the conductor insulation layer. This invention achieves initial fire extinguishing by placing a fire-extinguishing medium capsule inside the conductor core unit and filling the cavity with fire-extinguishing medium. Combined with a thermoplastic sealing film and a gas generator, when the temperature reaches the melting temperature of the thermoplastic sealing film, the film melts, and the fire-extinguishing medium is released through an overflow hole, directly acting on the heated surface of the conductor insulation layer. Simultaneously, the gas generator decomposes upon heating, releasing nitrogen and carbon dioxide gases, which are released through an outlet pipe, forming a flame-retardant gas atmosphere.

This invention discloses a method for preparing a metal-doped anode material with high closed-pore ratio, comprising the following steps: pre-oxidation, liquid-phase coating, isostatic pressing, metal doping, and carbonization. By using glucose to liquid-phase coat pre-oxidized biomass char, followed by isostatic pressing to form a dense and uniform composite carbon framework, the pores are predominantly closed pores of 0.4-2 nm, and the carbon layer is tightly bonded to the matrix without cracks. Furthermore, by gas-phase doping with zinc, zinc is uniformly dispersed in the form of single atoms / clusters and embedded in the carbon lattice, forming a unique Zn-C coordination structure without metal particle agglomeration defects. Simultaneously, the high temperature of 1400-1600℃ promotes the migration of zinc atoms into the carbon lattice depth, improving the microcrystallinity of the carbon material while retaining sodium storage active sites, resulting in stronger structural stability and ultimately achieving a high closed-pore ratio, thereby improving the capacity and rate performance of the anode material.

This invention belongs to the field of battery active materials technology, specifically disclosing a silicon-oxygen-carbon composite material, its preparation method, and a secondary battery. The silicon-oxygen-carbon composite material is prepared using silicon powder, a carbon source, and an oxygen-generating agent as raw materials via a one-pot, single-step synthesis method, comprising the following processes: heating to a first preset temperature, decomposing the oxygen-generating agent to produce oxygen, oxidizing the silicon on the surface of the silicon particles to form a silicon oxide coating layer, and obtaining Si@SiO. x Particles, 0.5≤x≤2; heated to the second preset temperature, in the Si@SiO x A carbon coating layer is formed on the surface of the particles to obtain the silicon-oxygen-carbon composite material. This invention achieves this by forming a tightly wrapped SiO2 layer on the surface of silicon particles. x The thin film of the silicon layer and the carbon layer effectively buffers the volume expansion of silicon particles during the charging and discharging process, improves the conductivity of the silicon anode, and effectively avoids the side reaction between silicon particles and electrolyte. As an anode material, it exhibits considerable lithium storage capacity and excellent electrochemical performance.

This application relates to a solid-state battery and its fabrication method, a negative electrode sheet, and an electrical device thereof, and further relates to a negative electrode-free solid-state battery. The solid-state battery includes a negative electrode current collector, a second carbon layer, a first carbon layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and a positive electrode layer sequentially stacked. The second carbon layer comprises a second carbon material, and the first carbon layer comprises a first carbon material. The second carbon material has a very low pore volume fraction; the ion diffusion coefficient and / or pore volume fraction of the first carbon material is greater than that of the second carbon material; the second carbon material has a high D0... v At least one of the particle size and average particle size is smaller than that of the first carbon material; furthermore, the first carbon material is a porous material. This solid-state battery exhibits significantly extended cycle life, as well as high battery reliability.

This invention relates to the field of lithium-ion battery technology, specifically to a silicon-carbon material, its preparation method, and its application. The silicon-carbon material includes a core and a coating layer covering at least a portion of the surface of the core. The core includes nano-silicon material. The coating layer includes a flexible conductive polymer layer and a carbon layer existing between the core and the flexible conductive polymer layer. The flexible conductive polymer layer includes a conductive polymer having a conjugated structure. The conductive polymer includes at least one of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polyacetylene, polythiophene, polyquinoline, polyfluorene, polybenzothiadiazole, and poly(p-phenylenevinylene). The mass ratio of the conductive polymer to the total mass of the carbon layer and the core is (0.05-0.2):1. This invention, by constructing a shell structure with a "carbon layer-flexible coating layer" on the core, enables the silicon-carbon material with this core-shell structure to solve the problems of volume expansion, poor conductivity, and SEI layer instability of silicon materials in lithium-ion batteries.

This invention belongs to the field of battery active materials technology, specifically disclosing a lithium manganese iron phosphate composite material, its preparation method, and a secondary battery. The lithium manganese iron phosphate composite material includes a core and a first coating layer (carbon layer) and a second coating layer (fast ion conductor layer) sequentially covering the core from the inside out; the core comprises lithium manganese iron phosphate material LiFe. x Mn 1‑x D y PO4, 0 < x < 1, 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.1, D is the doping element; the fast ion conductor layer includes the fast ion conductor Li. a M b A c O d X e M represents titanium and / or zirconium, A represents nitrogen and / or phosphorus, and X represents at least one of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine, where 1 ≤ a ≤ 4, 0 ≤ b ≤ 5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 3, 0 ≤ d ≤ 12, and 0 ≤ e ≤ 2. This invention improves the structural stability and conductivity of lithium manganese iron phosphate by coating it with a fast ion conductor and a carbon bilayer, thereby enhancing the cycle life and rate performance of secondary batteries.

This invention provides a functional current collector, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of battery materials technology. The functional current collector comprises a stacked metal layer, a metal-carbon composite layer, and a carbon layer. Starting from the material and structural design of the functional current collector, this invention introduces a metal-carbon composite layer between the carbon layer and the metal layer. This not only reduces the amount of metal used and increases energy density but also enhances mechanical properties, achieving excellent flexibility and tensile strength. Furthermore, the metal-carbon composite layer significantly reduces interfacial resistance and improves the adhesion between the carbon layer and the metal layer. In addition, the metal-carbon composite layer exhibits good resistance to electrolyte corrosion, improving the stability of each interface and ensuring good structural stability of the functional current collector, thus enhancing its stability during battery use. The bipolar battery prepared based on this method exhibits excellent cycle performance.

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a biomass-derived porous carbon material, a preparation method therefor, and a use thereof. The biomass-derived porous carbon material is composed of graphite-like carbon microcrystallites. The biomass-derived porous carbon material has a degree of ordering η of 20000-80000, an equivalent number of atomic layers ηa of carbon atoms periodically arranged along the a-axis direction is 30-50, and a number of atomic layers ηc of carbon atoms periodically arranged along the c-axis direction is 20-40. In an X-ray diffraction pattern of the biomass-derived porous carbon material, the (002) crystal plane has a diffraction angle 2θ ranging from 24.5° to 26.2°, the graphite-like carbon microcrystallites has a carbon interlayer spacing of 0.340 nm to 0.365 nm, and the (002) crystal-plane diffraction peak has a full width at half maximum β002 of 0.5 rad to1.5 rad. In the present invention, the degree of ordering and the interlayer spacing of carbon atomic layers in the graphite‑like carbon microcrystallites enable the biomass-derived porous carbon material to have sufficient strength and electrical conductivity, so that the material does not undergo mechanical fracture or deformation during repeated charge-discharge processes, thereby effectively suppressing volume expansion of nano-silicon particles, improving the initial coulombic efficiency and rate performance of the battery, and prolonging the cycle life and service life of the battery under high-rate conditions.

This application discloses a high-temperature carbonized expandable gel foam and its preparation method, belonging to the field of fire prevention and extinguishing technology. The gel foam consists of 1-10% by mass of an expandable flame-retardant system, 0.81% by mass of a foaming system, 1.385% by mass of a gel system, and deionized water. The expandable flame-retardant system uses phytic acid as the acid source, gelatin as the gas source, and glucose as the carbon source. The foaming system is obtained by compounding lauramidopropyl betaine and alkyl glycosides. The gel system is prepared from sodium alginate, pectin, and L-calcium lactate. Sodium alginate and pectin can form a stable gel network with L-calcium lactate, ensuring the structural stability and long-lasting coverage of the foam at room temperature. In the expandable flame-retardant system, the acid source releases acidic groups at high temperatures, catalyzing the dehydration and carbonization of the carbon source to form a carbon skeleton. The gas source decomposes and produces gas, driving the skeleton to expand into a dense carbon layer, achieving oxygen and heat insulation. This gel foam rapidly covers the coal body at room temperature to isolate oxygen, and expands and retards at high temperatures, achieving the effect of inhibiting spontaneous combustion of coal.

This invention discloses a silicon-carbon composite material, its preparation method, and a lithium-ion battery, belonging to the field of lithium-ion battery material technology. The silicon-carbon composite material includes a core comprising a modified graphite carbon matrix and silicon material formed in the pores and surface of the modified graphite carbon matrix; and a coating layer formed on the surface of the core, the coating layer being a carbon layer. This invention uses modified graphite as the carbon matrix, with silicon material embedded in the pores and surface of the graphite. A first-phase carbon source and a second-phase carbon source synergistically coat the core to form a double-layer carbon coating structure, effectively improving the conductivity of the silicon-carbon composite material, suppressing the volume expansion of silicon material during the charging and discharging process of the lithium-ion battery, and improving the structural stability of the silicon-carbon composite material. When applied to lithium-ion batteries, the silicon-carbon composite material of this invention can effectively reduce expansion and improve rate performance and cycle stability.

To provide a high-density carbon material, or a carbon material with controlled density, while being a graphene mesosponge. Also, to provide an electric double-layer capacitor with high energy density per unit volume. [Solution] A method for manufacturing a carbon material, comprising: a composite formation step of forming a carbon layer on the surface of a mold material by chemical vapor deposition using a carbon-containing raw material gas to obtain a carbon layer coated mold material; a mold material removal step of removing the mold material and isolating the carbon material by contacting the carbon layer coated mold material with an acid that dissolves the mold material; an impregnation step of impregnating the carbon material with a shrinking liquid; and a drying shrinkage step of drying and shrinking the carbon material impregnated with the shrinking liquid; and an electric double layer capacitor suitable for manufacture using this manufacturing method.

This invention provides an anode material, its preparation method, and its application. The anode material includes a silicon-carbon material and a modified coating layer covering the surface of the silicon-carbon material. The silicon-carbon material includes a core and a carbon layer covering the surface of the core. The core includes porous carbon and silicon deposited in the pores of the porous carbon. The modified coating layer, in the direction away from the silicon-carbon material, sequentially includes a first coating layer and a second coating layer. The first coating layer is made of tin and tin sulfide, and the second coating layer is made of a tin-modified sulfide solid electrolyte. Tin compensates for irreversible capacity loss and improves first-time efficiency. Tin and tin sulfide have high ionic conductivity, and the "point-to-surface" conductive network formed by tin and the carbon layer can significantly reduce interfacial resistance. The plasticity of the tin-modified sulfide solid electrolyte itself can optimize the interfacial contact between the anode and the electrolyte, reduce interfacial impedance, and buffer the volume expansion stress of the silicon material during charging and discharging. The synergistic effect of the above structures can effectively suppress the volume expansion of the silicon material.

The present application relates to the field of battery, especially to a gradient pore hierarchical nitrogen-doped carbon-coated composite sodium supplement agent and its preparation method and application, comprising: a composite sodium supplement agent core and a coating layer coated on the surface of the composite sodium supplement agent core; wherein the composite sodium supplement agent core comprises: an inorganic sodium supplement phase and an organic sodium supplement phase; the coating layer comprises from inside to outside: an inner dense amorphous carbon layer, a middle mesoporous carbon layer and an outer macroporous carbon layer. The present application innovatively designs a gradient pore carbon coating structure from inside to outside, the inner dense amorphous carbon layer realizes efficient isolation protection, the middle mesoporous carbon layer solves the problem of ion transmission obstruction, and the outer macroporous carbon layer improves the electronic conduction and volume buffering capacity, completely solving the inherent contradiction between the denseness of the traditional carbon coating layer and ion transmission, realizing the synergy and unity of "isolation protection-ion transmission-electronic conduction".

This invention belongs to the field of nanomaterials, materials science and energy storage devices, and more specifically, it relates to the development of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The objective of the invention is to improve the efficiency of lithium-ion batteries by ensuring uniform distribution of lithium cobalt phosphate nanoparticles in carbon nanofibers obtained from a single solution using electrospinning and thermal treatment methods, making them suitable for use as cathode materials. The technical result of the invention: it is possible to ensure uniform distribution of lithium cobalt phosphate nanoparticles in carbon nanofibers obtained by electrospinning and thermal treatment, control the morphology and particle size of the cathode material, distribution uniformity, and increase the formation efficiency of the lithium cobalt phosphate cathode by increasing its electrochemical performance. The technical result is achieved by coating lithium cobalt phosphate with carbon by electrospinning and heat treatment, which simplifies and makes the synthesis process more efficient. By simultaneously forming lithium cobalt phosphate with polymer carbonization, the carbon layer is immediately and uniformly coated on the surface of the nanofiber, improving its conductive properties. The material obtained by this method can be used as a high-voltage and long-lasting cathode material, increasing the performance of lithium-ion batteries.

The application provides a modification method of high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant PA composite material, and belongs to the technical field of high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant materials.The inorganic flame-retardant particles are subjected to wet surface modification and interfacial compatibilization treatment, the ammonium polyphosphate is subjected to microcapsule coating, and a three-dimensional response surface model is established to determine an optimal processing window, various components are subjected to melt blending to prepare the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant polyamide composite material, the limit oxygen index prediction value is output by using a phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic carbon layer coupling physical constraint prediction model, the formula proportion is adjusted according to a phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic factor dynamic adjustment function and is iteratively processed, the mass ratio of the intrinsic high-thermal-stability flame-retardant unit is dynamically increased according to the comparison result of the long-term limit oxygen index prediction value and the limit oxygen index threshold value and is returned to processing, and finally the final formula meeting the long-term flame-retardant requirement is output, so that the problem that the flame-retardant performance of the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant polyamide composite material is degraded under long-term high-temperature service conditions and cannot be predicted and dynamically compensated in advance is solved.

The present application relates to a kind of lignin-derived carbon-coated nickel particle electrolytic urea hydrogen production catalyst and its preparation method, the preparation method includes the following steps: 1) lignin and nickel salt are sequentially dissolved in deionized water, and mixed solution is prepared;2) the nickel-based carrier after pretreatment is sequentially added to the mixed solution prepared in step 1) in reaction kettle and carries out hydrothermal reaction, after reaction, cooling to room temperature, the nickel-based carrier in reaction kettle is taken out and washed, dried to obtain preliminary sample;3) the preliminary sample prepared in step 2) is carried out high-temperature calcination under the mixed atmosphere of hydrogen / argon, and the lignin-derived carbon-coated nickel particle electrolytic urea hydrogen production catalyst is obtained.The carbon-coated structure in the catalyst prepared by the present application is the core of realizing high activity and long period stability: its physical barrier can reduce the oxidation corrosion of nickel active site, and porous carbon layer accelerates electrolyte mass transfer, so that the catalyst still maintains low potential and long life under high current density.

This invention relates to the field of battery material preparation technology, and particularly to a high-capacity ultra-fast charging graphite composite anode material, its preparation method, and its application. The graphite composite anode material comprises, from the inside out: a graphite core, a hierarchical porous hard carbon layer, and graphene quantum dots; the graphene quantum dots are distributed within the pores and on the surface of the hierarchical porous hard carbon layer. Through a carefully designed gradient structure, this invention significantly improves the reversible capacity and cycle stability of the material while ensuring high initial coulombic efficiency.

This invention discloses a titanium dioxide core-shell structured photocatalyst supported on metal particles. The catalyst is obtained by calcining titanium-based metal-organic framework material MIL-125(Ti) as a precursor, after introducing metal components, tannic acid, and metal coordination. Titanium oxide forms the core structure, and a carbon layer coating the surface forms the shell structure, supporting metal particles. During preparation, the preparation conditions can be optimized by controlling the concentration of metal ions, the concentration of tannic acid, and the pH of the tannic acid coordination system. This photocatalyst exhibits high catalytic activity, target product selectivity, and cycle stability in the photocatalytic oxidation conversion of biomass derivatives. It is suitable for the selective oxidation of biomass platform compounds such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to prepare high-value-added products. Furthermore, the preparation method is simple, the raw materials are widely available, and it is suitable for catalytic conversion applications under visible light conditions, demonstrating good application prospects and promotional value.

This invention discloses a method for preparing a graphene / silicon-carbon composite anode material. The method includes: firstly, preparing a carbon-coated silicon dioxide precursor via a hydrothermal reaction; then, converting it into a carbon-coated silicon material using a magnesothermic reduction method in the presence of sodium chloride, effectively inhibiting the aggregation and growth of silicon particles; finally, combining graphene with the carbon-coated silicon material through a secondary hydrothermal and calcination treatment to construct a conductive network. This invention, through a multi-level structural design, utilizes the synergistic buffering effect of the internal carbon layer and the external graphene to effectively alleviate the volume expansion of silicon during charging and discharging, significantly improving the conductivity and structural stability of the material. The prepared composite anode material exhibits high specific capacity and excellent cycle performance, making it suitable for lithium-ion battery applications.

The application discloses a high-load porous carbon-coated integrated electrode constructed by one-step super-fast Joule heating and a preparation method and application thereof. The electrode comprises a current collector and an active material layer, and the active material layer has a three-dimensional porous carbon-coated integrated structure composed of an active material, a conductive agent and an in-situ generated carbon layer. The preparation method is to perform super-fast Joule heating treatment on the current collector coated with an electrode precursor wet film, and to synchronously complete solvent evaporation pore forming, binder / conductive agent carbonization coating and interface fusion in one step within a second. The method greatly simplifies the process, and the prepared electrode has high active material loading (active material surface loading≥20 mg / cm 2 ), rich ion transmission channels and excellent interface electron / ion conductivity, effectively solves the problem of slow charge transmission kinetics in high-load electrodes, and significantly improves the rate performance and unit area capacity of the battery.

An electrolytic capacitor element including: a valve-acting metal substrate including a core portion made of metal foil and a porous portion along a surface of the metal foil; a dielectric layer on the porous portion; a solid electrolyte layer on the dielectric layer; and a conductive layer on the solid electrolyte layer, the conductive layer including a carbon layer, the carbon layer containing a carbon filler and a scaly insulating inorganic filler, wherein, in a cut section of the electrolytic capacitor element in a direction perpendicular to a main face of the metal foil, an average of acute angles between a longitudinal direction of a cross-section of the insulating inorganic filler in the carbon layer adjacent to the main face of the metal foil and a longitudinal direction of a cross-section of the metal foil is 0° to 45°.