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Low-tar biomass gasifying method and apparatus

A gasification device and biomass technology, applied in coking ovens, petroleum industry, special forms of dry distillation, etc., can solve problems such as unusable tar, secondary pollution of tar liquid, waste of water sources, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-12-21
ENERGY RES INST OF SHANDONG ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The water washing method is to remove most of the tar in the gas by using water. This method is low in cost and simple in operation, but has disadvantages: (1) a large amount of water is wasted, and it is easy to cause secondary pollution of the tar liquid; (2) the treatment The lost tar cannot be used, resulting in a waste of energy
The catalytic cracking method uses cheap dolomite or limestone as a catalyst, but this method generally has the problem of carbon deposition on the catalyst, which affects the service life, and requires regeneration treatment. The equipment and process are relatively complicated, and the production cost of gas increases. thorough

Method used

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  • Low-tar biomass gasifying method and apparatus

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0018] Use peanut shells as gasification raw materials without crushing, put them into the quantitative feeder (2), pass hot flue gas into the pyrolysis reactor to preheat the system, and start the motor (3) to start feeding , the feed rate is about 50kg / h, the peanut shells enter the pyrolysis reactor, and are screwed under the action of mechanical force, and the pyrolysis reaction occurs, and the pyrolysis products (including pyrolysis gas and residual carbon) all enter the cracking gasifier In the process, an incomplete oxidative combustion reaction occurs with the thermal oxidant that is controlled to pass through the upper part, that is, air (14), forming a high temperature zone (9), about 1000 ° C, at this time, the heavy hydrocarbons of macromolecules are cracked at high temperature It is a small molecular gas, and the unburned residual carbon falls on the grate (11) below, and the cracked gas passes through the hot carbon layer below and undergoes a reduction reaction w...

Embodiment 2

[0020] The raw material is replaced with corn stalks, processed by a hay cutter, the length should be less than 10cm, the feed rate is about 35kg / h, the temperature of the pyrolyzer is about 400°C, the high temperature zone of the pyrolysis gasifier is controlled at 900°C, and the rest Steps and methods are the same as in Embodiment 1. The gas composition obtained is: CO 12.24%, CO 2 19.65%, CH 4 2.58%, O 2 0.74%, H 2 16.48%, C 2 The above ingredients are 0.64%, N247.67%; the calorific value of gas is 4.68MJ / m 3 .

Embodiment 3

[0022] The raw material is replaced by corncobs without crushing, the feed rate is about 70kg / h, the temperature of the pyrolyzer is 650°C, the high temperature zone of the cracking gasifier is controlled at 1050°C, and the remaining steps and methods are the same as in Example 1. The gas composition obtained is: CO 13.49%, CO 2 17.63%, CH 4 2.49%, O 2 0.57%, H 2 20.1%, C 2 0.64% of the above ingredients, N 2 45.81%; gas calorific value 5.17MJ / m 3 .

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of biomass gasifying method and device. The technology through separating the two courses of solid biomass pyrogenation and decomposition and gasification of the pyrogenation outcome, then transform the biomass into flammable gas of rather low tar content. Firstly send biomass into the pyrogenation reactor, without oxidant in; have pyrogenation reaction at 400 - 650 Deg. C, the pyrogenation outcome including pyrogenation gas and remaining charcoal gets into pyrogenation carburetor, and have incomplete oxidizing combustion reaction with sent oxidant, to form a high temperature of 900 - 1100 Deg. C. At the time, the heavy hydrocarbon substance of tar decomposes into small molecule gas, and the decomposed gas leaves out of the carburetor after having deoxidizing reaction with the nether blazing carbon layer. The high temperature gas is provided for consumers' use after depurated and cooled. The gas produced by the invention has very low tar content, which makes the following depurating equipment simple, won't produce second pollution and makes the raw materials widely used. The produced fuel gas can be used in civil filed and directly used for generating electricity.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method and device for producing combustible gas from biomass, in particular to a low-tar biomass gasification method and device. Background technique [0002] Biomass is an organic substance produced by plants through photosynthesis. It is abundant in reserves and widely available. It is an important renewable energy source. With the shortage of oil and the increasingly tense energy supply situation, the development and utilization of biomass energy has attracted great attention. Its utilization forms are various, which can be roughly divided into biological methods and thermochemical conversion methods, biomass gasification It is a kind of thermochemical conversion technology. [0003] Biomass gasification is the use of thermochemical methods to make biomass undergo oxidation-reduction reactions in anoxic conditions to produce combustible gas mixtures containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane. Its main gasification...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C10B53/02
Inventor 许敏孙荣峰孙立闫桂焕
Owner ENERGY RES INST OF SHANDONG ACAD OF SCI
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