608 results about "Colloidal crystal" patented technology

The invention provides a three-dimensional ordered macroporous alumina and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: assembling polymer microspheres which are singly dispersed to form a colloidal crystal template, filling the alumina sol which is prepared by means of a special method into the template, and drying and roasting to obtain macroporous alumina. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the alumina sol and the compounding process of the alumina sol and the polymer microspheres can be controlled well, the network structure of the alumina sol is protected possibly, the alumina which is prepared by means of the method not only has three-dimensional ordered macroporous channels but also has a high specific surface area. Furthermore, the macropores within the material are communicated to the surrounding macropores by means of 12 small window holes, and the window holes are formed by sintering the template properly. The alumina prepared by means of the method provided by the invention is suitable for being used as a catalyst carrier of heavy oil and an adsorption and separation material of organic macromolecule. The alumina prepared by means of the method which is provided by the invention is suitable for improving the mass transfer capability of the material within the catalyst and is suitable for improving the activity and the selectivity of the catalyst during the application process as a catalyst carrier.

A Fabry-Perot cavity comprised of three-dimensional photonic crystal structures is disclosed. The self-assembly of purified and highly monodispersed microspheres is one approach to the successful operation of the device for creating highly ordered colloidal crystal coatings of high structural and optical quality. Such colloidal crystal film mirrors offer high reflection with low losses in the spectral window of the photonic band gap that permit Fabry-Perot resonators to be constructed with high resolving power, for example, greater than 1000 or sharp fringes that are spectrally narrower than 1.0 nm. The three-dimensional photonic crystals that constitute the Fabry-Perot invention are not restricted to any one fabrication method, and may include self-assembly of colloids, layer-by-layer lithographic construction, inversion, and laser holography. Such photonic crystal Fabry-Perot resonators offer the same benefits of high reflection and narrow spectral band responses available from the use of multi-layer dielectric coatings. However, the open structure of three-dimensional photonic crystal films affords the unique ability for external media to access the critical reflection layers and dramatically alter the Fabry-Perot spectrum, and provide means for crafting novel laser, sensor, and nonlinear optical devices. This open structure enables the penetration of gas and liquid substances, or entrainment of nano-particles or biological analytes in gases and liquids, to create subtle changes to the colloidal mirror responses that manifest in strong spectral responses in reflection and transmission of the collective Fabry Perot response.

The present invention provides a straightforward and robust synthetic process for producing a chromatographic column with eluent-sensitive light diffracting properties based on an inherent photonic band structure and a chromatographic device using the chromatographic column. The present invention provides chromatographic devices employing a chromatographic column which in one embodiment is a photonic colloidal crystal which includes an assembly of colloidal microspheres assembled into a highly ordered array within a housing such as a tube with the highly ordered array being a photonic crystal along the length of the crystal, and a second embodiment which is an inverse construct of the first embodiment, where solid microspheres making up the photonic colloidal crystal chromatographic column are replaced with spherical voids or void spaces subsequent to infiltration of a material of selected refractive index. The photonic band structures of the first type of column made with colloidal particles and the second type of column made by inverting the first type of column may include a photonic band gap, a fundamental stop-band, higher stop-bands, or combinations thereof.

An adjustable, in-situ photolithography process is taught, where incident exposure light is passed through two polarizers; the first polarizer capable of altering its polarization direction, during exposure, relative to the polarization direction of the second polarizer, in order to enhance the contrast of a patterned image projected on a semiconductor wafer. The second polarizer in the optical train is a photo mask transparent substrate impregnated with colloidal crystals that are aligned in a fixed, predetermined direction by magnetic field. The photo mask may also contain a silicon compound for phase shifting the incident exposure light to further enhance the image contrast.

The invention relates to a three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) complex metal oxide catalyst for diesel soot purification and a preparation method thereof. The invention firstly provides an oxidization catalyst for combustion of soot particles discharged by a diesel vehicle, which is a simple metal oxide or complex metal oxide which selects more than one from rare-earth metal, transition metal and alkalinous metal as active components and has the 3DOM structure, wherein the average pore diameter is 50nm-1mum. The utilization of the catalyst with the 3DOM structure is beneficial to the diffusion of soot particles, improves the utilization rate of the active surface area of the catalyst, and greatly decreases the combustion temperature of the soot particles. The invention also provides a preparation method of the catalyst, comprising the step of dipping a colloidal crystal template through an organic complex agent solution that contains the active component of the catalyst, and then roasting to obtain the catalyst.

The invention relates to a method of preparing three-dimensionally ordered macroporous chelate resin which has a hydrophilic-structure framework and can absorb precious metal irons in aqueous solution, belonging to the field of the chelate resin. The method of preparing the three-dimensionally ordered macroporous chelate resin comprises the following steps: (1) preparing 80-1000nm silica colloidal crystal template; (2) preparing three-dimensionally ordered Poly(N-vinylformamide) or poly(n-vinylacetamide) macroporous material; and (3) preparing hydrophilic three-dimensionally ordered macroporous chelate resin. Compared with the traditional macroporous or gel-type polyvinylamine resin, the novel three-dimensionally ordered macroporous chelate resin prepared with the method has the advantages that the regularly-arranged porous channel system has small diffusion resistance, which is good for the metal irons enter the absorption center from all directions. In addition, the novel three-dimensionally ordered macroporous chelate resin is easy to synthesize, has stable performance, good hydrophilic performance and high selectivity, contains many functional groups, can absorb a large number of metal irons and has better development and utilization values in the aspect of avoiding heavy metal pollution and protecting the environmental water.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a panchromatic structural color or color variation pattern array, belongs to the technical field of materials, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a panchromatic structural color or color variation pattern array by regulating the environment dielectric constants of an upper interface and a lower interface of a noble metal nanopore array. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: cleaning and surface hydrophilization treatment, the preparation of polystyrene single layer colloidal crystals, the construction for covering the noble metal nanopore array by a silicon oxide layer, the construction of a suspension noble metal nanopore array, selective regulation and control of the environment dielectric constant around the noble metal nanopore array and the like. The obtained noble metal nanopore array has a transmission peak adjustable within a visible light wave band (350nm-800nm), so that different single-color patterns or color patterns are shown, the apparent color of a single color sample can be changed along with the change of the external environment dielectric constant; and color change, disappear and reproduction of the array patterns can be realized for the color pattern sample along with the change of the external environment dielectric constant.

Colloidal-crystal quantum dots as tracers are disclosed. According to one embodiment, a method comprises injecting a solution of quantum dots into a subterranean formation, and monitoring a flow of the quantum dots from the subterranean formation to determine a property of the subterranean formation.

During the preparation of ordered nano structure metal material, correponding colloid crystal template is first prepared via capillary abstraction self-assembling method. Spacer is set between two parallel plates to form micro passage in the same thickness as the spacer, one end of the micro passage is soaked into microsphere emulsion so that the emulsion is driven by capillary effect to the micro passage to form ordered arrangement. The bottom of the micro passage is then soaked into sensitizing stannous ion solution, so that the surface of the microsphere has one layer of sensitizing stannous ion adsorbed and is sensitized. The present invention features the surface seed growing method and colloidal crystal of polystyrene microsphere as template. When the template is set inside chemical plating solution, some interval is formed between microspheres owing to electrostatic repulsion, and the interval permits forming metal shell in the outer surface of the medium microsphere.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a hollow silicon nano conical array, in particular to a method for preparing the hollow silicon nano conical array with large area, uniform bottom diameter length, controllable spacing, controllable period and orderly arrangement. The method comprises the following four steps: washing and surface hydrophilization treatment of a monocrystalline silicon piece, preparation of polystyrene monolayer colloidal crystals, preparation of a hollow silicon nano column array, and construction of a hollow silicon nano conical array. The hollow silicon nano conical array obtained by the method has the advantages of large area, uniform bottom diameter length, controllable spacing, controllable period and orderly arrangement, has extremely superior broad-band dereflection performance, and effectively reduces the surface reflection loss from deep ultraviolet band to medium infrared band (250 nanometers to 15 mu m). The method is simple and controllable, and has wide application prospect on construction of photoelectric devices with low cost and large area and deflection surfaces.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing two-dimensional ordered nano ring, nano hole and nano self-assembled single-layer film. Said invention adopts double-substrate method to prepare three-dimensional ordered colloidal crystal body formed from monodisperse polymer microsphere or monodisperse SiO2 microsphere between two substrates, then the internal voids of colloidal crystal body between two substrates can be filled with inorganic or organic component solution with a certain concentration, and then the solvent is volatilized, the colloidal crystal template is removed, so that the two-dimensional ordered nano ring, nano hole and nano self-assembled single-layer film can be obtained on the substrate.

The invention relates to a process for preparing a silicon dioxide nano-cone array which has large area, controllable interval, controllable cycle and sequential arrangement, and is directly fabricated on a substrate. The process includes three steps: cleaning the quartz plate substrate and performing hydrophilic process on the surface of the quartz plate substrate; preparing polystyrene single-layer colloidal crystals; fabricating the silicon dioxide nano-cone array. The silicon dioxide nano-cone array prepared by the process has extremely excellent wide-band anti-reflection and transmission increasing properties, can realize effectively reducing surface reflection loss and increasing light transmission from ultraviolet light to visible light (350nm to 800 nm) and then to the inside of middle-infrared-band (800nm to 2.5 micrometer) by controlling the cycle. Simultaneously, by changing nature of the surface of nano-cones, antifogging and super-hydrophobic surfaces can be fabricated. The process is simple, comparatively controllable and has wide application prospect on photoelectric devices with low cost and large area and on fabrication of anti-reflection surfaces.

The invention discloses a brightly colorful contact lens which is characterized by being prepared by using a method comprising the following steps of: (1) preparing structural color hydrogel with an inverse opal photon crystal structure by using a sequenced colloid nano particle photon crystal structure as a template through a colloid crystal template method; (2) paving the structural color hydrogel with the inverse opal photon crystal structure in a PV (polyvinyl) mould of the contact lens; adding the contact lens standard hot-solid liquid to completely permeate into the network structure ofthe hydrogel; processing the thermal solidification sequence to form the initial film of the contact lens; immersing the initial film of the contact lens in a standard saline water solution to process hydration treatment until swelling is in equilibrium. Compared with other colored contact lenses, the brightly colorful contact lens is beautiful in appearance, good in biological compatibility and good in practicability.

A method of producing a particle array is disclosed, comprising allowing monodisperse particles to be arrayed in an aqueous medium containing a monomer to form a colloidal crystal exhibiting a structural color and then polymerizing the monomer to form a polymer.

The invention is a kind of capillary colloid self-organization and the manufacturing method for planar and three-dimensional colloid crystal. It has a tiny bypass and uses the capillary in the bypassto absorb, thus the colloid self-organization forms planar and three-dimensional colloid crystal structure. The tiny bypass is a thin one. It uses columniform or the rectangle section media bar and puts them between the two bottoms, forms the capillary bypass. The invention has no special request to the environment and has a strong resistance to the disturbance.

The invention discloses a surface plasmon crystal transducer and a manufacturing method thereof. The transducer comprises a quasi-three-dimensional metal hemispherical shell membrane with periodic fluctuation surface; the metal hemispherical shell membrane is formed by metal nano hollow hemispherical shells and forms two-dimensional hexagonal close piling arrangement; the adjacent hemispherical shells are connected with each other; and microscopic holes are arranged among any three adjacent hemispherical shells. The manufacturing method of the transducer comprises the following steps of: adopting colloidal crystal obtained by micron or submicron medium microspheres through self-assembly technology as a template; utilizing a physical or chemical deposition method to deposit metal nanoparticles on the surface of the microspheres of the template till the deposition amount of the metal leads the nanoparticles to form a continuous metal hemispherical shell membrane; and utilizing a physical or chemical method to remove the colloidal crystal template so as to obtain the surface plasmon crystal transducer formed by the metal nano hollow hemispherical shells. The invention has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, low cost, good stability, high sensitivity, repeatability and simple operation.

The invention discloses a hollow ball micro / nano structure array with a plurality of silver nano plates as basic elements and a preparation method thereof. In the array, a hollow gold ball array is arranged on a substrate, fan-shaped silver nano plates are arranged on gold ball shells in a crossing and standing way, wherein the inside diameter of the gold ball shells is 1-10mu m, the thickness of the gold ball shells is 15-25nm, the height of the fan-shaped silver nano plates is 500mn to 1mu m, the width of the fan-shaped silver nano plates is 200-500nm, the thickness of the fan-shaped silver nano plates is 20-30nm, and the gold ball shells are made of single silver crystal. In the method, polystyrene colloidal balls with the diameter being 1-10mu m are attached to the surface of the substrate at first to form a single-layer colloidal crystal template, a gold film is evaporated on the surface of the single-layer colloidal crystal template, the single-layer colloidal crystal template with the evaporated gold film on the surface is placed in silver electrolyte for electrodeposition, intermediate products are obtained after cleaning and drying and are then placed in dichloromethane solution to dissolve polystyrene colloidal balls, and thus the hollow ball micro / nano structure array with the silver nano plates as the basic elements is prepared. The hollow ball micro / nano structure array can be used as an SERS (surface enhanced Raman scattering) active substrate for rapid trace detection of a variety of organic pollutants.

The invention relates to a chemical preparing method for a silver tree dendritic morphology periodic array, concretely relating to a preparing method for a chemical electrodeposit silver tree dendritic morphology array which takes a polystyrene microballoon colloid crystal as a primary templet and takes a periodic array zinc oxide inverse opal structure as a secondary templet. The polystyrene microballoon used by the invention is prepared by the method of emulsion polymerization, which adopts a vertical pulling method to acquire a polystyrene two-dimension colloid crystal templet from the surface of a conductive glass and adopts a chemical electrodeposit method to acquire the secondary templet of periodic array zinc oxide inverse opal structure by depositing the zinc oxide in the interspace of the polystyrene colloid crystal microballoon; and then the chemical electrodeposit method is adopted to deposit a silver tree dendritic morphology unit in a cavity of the zinc oxide inverse opal structure to acquire the silver tree dendritic morphology array.

A composition for colloidal crystals including core-shell particles and a monomer having a particular structure. The core-shell particles constitute 25% to 65% by weight of the composition, and the monomer constitutes 35% to 75% by weight of the composition. The core has an average particle size from 50 to 900 nm. Each particle includes a core and a shell. The shell is formed of a linear polymer composed of at least one of styrene and a monomer having a particular structure. One end of the linear polymer is covalently bonded to the core. The refractive index of the core (n(core)) satisfies the following formulae: wherein R1 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and y is 0 or 1, n(shell)−n(core)≧0.07, n(shell) denoting the refractive index of the shell, and n(B)−n(core)≧0.07, n(B) denoting the refractive index of the monomer (B1) after curing.

The invention provides a method for preparing a color-adjustable gel photonic crystal film. According to the method, by strictly controlling the concentration of PS (Polystyrene) microspheres and the volume ratio of PS microspheres to a precursor solution, the matching of the self-assembly rate of the PS microspheres and the polymerization rate of the precursor solution is adjusted and controlled at a low temperature, the PS microspheres are self-assembled into gel crystals having an ordered structure and meanwhile, hydrogel particles formed by polymerization of precursor solution are filled in gaps of the gel crystals so as to form a gel crystal-hydrogel compound structure, and after PS is removed, the color-adjustable gel photonic crystal film having a reverse opal structure is formed. The gel photonic crystal film having the inverse opal structure prepared by a co-deposition method has the characteristics of regular structure and three-dimensional ordered arrangement.

The invention discloses a wide-visual-angle colloid crystal film. The wide-visual-angle colloid crystal film comprises a plurality of structure units, wherein the structure units are monodispersed colloid crystal microspheres; and the colloid crystal microspheres are spherical opal structural photonic crystals or spherical inverse opal structural photonic crystals. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the wide-visual-angle colloid crystal film. By adopting the mode, the wide-visual-angle colloid crystal film disclosed by the invention is not changed with the change of an observing visual angle in color and has the advantages of bright color, low preparation cost, and the like.

Single domain wafer-scale colloidal crystals and macroporous polymers are formed by dispersing concentrated solutions of colloids, desirably mondisperse silica colloids, in a viscous monomer, desirably ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and spin-coating them onto a substrate. Subsequent photopolymerization produces three-dimensionally ordered colloidal crystals trapped inside a polymer matrix. Selective removal of the polymer matrix, such as by oxygen plasma treatment, or removal of the silica spheres, such as by wet etching, produces large-area colloidal crystals and macroporous polymers, respectively.

Fluid colloidal crystals comprising a solid-liquid dispersion electrostatically charged at not more than 2000 μS / cm in terms of an electrical conductivity, wherein the solid-liquid dispersion comprises, as a dispersoid, electrostatically chargeable spherical colloidal particles of an organic or inorganic polymer having a mean volume diameter (d) of not more than 30 μm, and as a dispersion medium, an aqueous solution or a dissolving water-containing non-aqueous solution, the dispersion concentration of the spherical colloidal particles is not more than 70%, around the dispersoid an electric double layer of a given thickness (Δe) is formed, and the spherical colloidal particles form a three-dimensionally ordered lattice that shows fluidity and is a particle array structure in which the colloidal particles are aligned longitudinally and laterally in a lattice form while an interparticle distance (L) defined as a distance between centers of the particles arranged opposite to each other along the center line satisfies the relationship (d)<(L)≦(d)+2(Δe). A process for producing a three-dimensionally ordered lattice, comprising drying the fluid colloidal crystals to form a three-dimensionally ordered lattice which is a homogeneous particle array structure constituted of the organic or inorganic monodisperse spherical fine particles of the dispersoid.

The invention discloses a method for preparing nanoporous intelligent photochemical sensitive functional material, pertaining to the functional high molecular material field. A colloidal crystal template is formed by automatic assembly of colloidal particles and is wetted with solution of polymer monomer, corsslinking agent and initiator that contain imprinting molecular, and blotting polymer is prepared with ultraviolet light or through heat curing, then the template and the blotting molecular in the blotting polymer are removed and polymer membrane that has three-dimensional ordered porous structure and blotting molecular cavities is obtained. The intelligent photochemical sensitive functional material prepared by the method not only has high selectivity, sensitivity and interference rejection property but also can directly change chemical response into optical signals without any complicated precision instrument or making special treatment to analytes. The method is characterized by simple preparation technique and convenient and rapid inspection, etc., thereby being widely applicable to fields of medicine separation and identification, immunologic diagnosis and analysis and drug and exhilarant inspection, etc.

A process for producing colloidal crystals immobilized with a polymer, comprising the steps of:preparing a monomer-dispersion in which colloidal crystals having a three-dimensionally ordered array state are formed by adding, to a monomer-containing liquid containing at least one kind of monomers, colloidal particles having an average particle size in a range from 0.01 μm to 10 μm and a degree of monodispersity expressed by a following equation (1) of 20% or below,[Degree of monodispersity (unit: %)]=([Standard deviation of particle size] / [Average particle size])×100   (1)and then by dispersing the colloidal particles so as to arrange the colloidal particles in a three-dimensionally ordered array state at which a reflection spectrum thereof exhibits a reflection peak; andobtaining the colloidal crystals immobilized with a polymer by polymerizing the monomers in the monomer-dispersion.

The invention provides a self-assembling growth method of a layer-controllable colloidal crystal, which relates to a self-assembling growth method of a colloidal crystal and solves the problems that the traditional preparation method of colloidal crystal is more complicated, not easy to control and difficult to obtain the layer-controllable colloidal crystal. The method comprises the following steps of: 1. carrying out cleaning processing on a substrate, 2. preparing a colloidal particle suspension; and 3. inserting the substrate processed in the step 1 into the colloidal particle suspension prepared in the step 2, and placing into a constant-temperature incubator for 2-3 days. The method has the advantages of simple process, high efficiency, easy control and good repeatability and solvesthe problems of difficult layer number control of the self-assembling growing colloidal crystal and lower order degree of the obtained colloidal crystal of a traditional method and can be used for growing the colloidal crystals with large areas, ordered height and controllable layer number. The layer-controllable colloidal crystal obtained through self-assembly supplies a material for intensivelystudying the structure and the optical property of photonic crystals and simultaneously supplies a more rational and accurate template for three-dimensional ordered macroporous materials.

The invention relates to a high molecular material, in particular to a preparation method for a novel three-dimensional ordered macroporous chelating resin. The technological process comprises the following steps: (1) preparation of a silica colloidal crystal template; (2) preparation of a three-dimensional ordered macroporous material (3DOM); (3) chloromethylation of the 3DOM; (4) controlled grafting of a hydrophilic chain segment by using the 3DOM; (5) esterification of phenylsulfonyl for a PHEMA grafted chain; and (6) accessing chelation groups on the PHEMA grafted chain. The prepared three-dimensional ordered macroporous material is a polymer material, the pores are uniform and ordered, and more than one chelation group is accessed on each chain segment, therefore, the adsorptive capacity of the three-dimensional ordered macroporous chelating resin is far higher than that of other types of resin, and the adsorptive capacity to Hg<2+> is up to 1.96 mmol / g.

This invention describes methods of synthesis and applications of planarized photonic crystals. Provided are simple, quick, reproducible and inexpensive methods that combine self-assembly and lithography to achieve the first examples of vectorial control of thickness, structure, area, topology, orientation and registry of colloidal crystals that have been patterned in substrates for use in lab-on-chip and photonic chip technologies. 1-, 2 and 3-D colloidal crystals patterned either on or within substrates can be used for templating inverted colloidal crystal replica patterns made of materials like silicon as well as building micron scale structural defects in such colloidal crystals. These photonic crystals can form the basis of a range of optical devices that may be integrated within photonic chips and coupled to optical fibers and / or waveguides to enable development of highly compact planarized optically integrated photonic crystal devices and circuits for use in future all-optical computers and optical telecommunication systems.

The invention relates a preparation method of an electrochromic film having a photonic crystal structure. The preparation method solves the problem that the existing electrochromic material has irreversibility so that material reflectivity is not improved and solar absorptance is not reduced. The preparation method of the electrochromic film having a photonic crystal structure comprises the following steps of 1, base material surface treatment, 2, colloidal solution preparation, 3, film-type colloidal crystal template preparation, 4, solution preparation, 5, electrode preparation and 6, film electrochemical preparation. A polyaniline photonic crystal film having an inverse opal structure and prepared by the preparation method has excellent electrochromism response performances. The preparation method can be used for the field of preparation and production of the electrochromic film having a photonic crystal structure.

The invention relate to a thermal-stability three-dimensional ordered macro-porous carbon smoke combustion catalyst with thermal stability and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of diesel vehicle tail gas catalysts. The chemical molecular expression of the catalyst is Ce1-x-yZrxMyO2, wherein M is a precious metal element, the value ranges of x and y in the catalyst are shown as follows: the x is more than or equal to 0 but less than or equal to 0.5, and the y is equal to 0.01-0.1; and precious metal ions are doped into a cerium base or a cerium and zirconium solid solution lattice. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly preparing a PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrylate) colloidal crystal template; and commonly mixing Ce, Zr and M metal ions to prepare catalyst precursor solution, dipping the catalyst precursor solution into the PMMA colloidal crystal template and then carrying out thermal treatment in a tubular furnace. The thermal-stability three-dimensional ordered macro-porous carbon smoke combustion catalyst and the preparation method thereof have the beneficial effects that the interaction between precious metal and a cerium base material is enhanced, the high activity of the catalyst is ensured, the phenomena that the precious metal is sintered and inactivated at a high temperature is avoided, and the consumption of the precious metal is reduced.