4616 results about "Polymeric Macromolecules" patented technology

This invention comprises an apparatus and method for the manipulation of materials, including particles, cells, macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids and other moieties, in fluid samples. The apparatus comprises an enclosed chamber on a chip having an internal microstructure with surface area substantially greater than the facial surface area of the internal structure. Generally the internal microstructure comprises a continuous network of channels, each of which has a depth substantially greater than its width. The network may comprise a single channel, a single channel with multiple branches, multiple channels, multiple channels with multiple branches, and any combination thereof. The internal structure may present an inert, non-reactive surface, or be coated with a reactive ligand, or be electrically conductive and optionally be coated with an electrical insulator. Discrete portions of the internal structure may differ in structural and surface properties. Multiple chips may be linked together to create a multiplexed array of chambers, optionally linked to other analytical devices.

An electroporation device which may be used to effectively facilitate the introduction of a macromolecule into cells of a selected tissue in a body or plant. The electroporation device comprises an electro-kinetic device (“EKD”) whose operation is specified by software or firmware. The EKD produces a series of programmable constant-current pulse patterns between electrodes in an array based on user control and input of the pulse parameters and allows the storage and acquisition of current waveform data. The electroporation device also comprises a replaceable electrode disk having an array of needle electrodes, a central injection channel for an injection needle, and a removable guide disk.

A process for preparing ultrafine powders of biological macromolecules comprises atomizing liquid solutions of the macromolecules, drying the droplets formed in the atomization step, and collecting the particles which result from drying. By properly controlling each of the atomization, drying, and collection steps, ultrafine dry powder compositions having characteristics particularly suitable for pulmonary delivery for therapeutic and other purposes may be prepared.

The present invention is directed to a process of atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of novel homopolymer or a block or graft copolymer, optionally containing at least one polar group, with well defined molecular architecture and narrow polydipersity index, in the presence of an initiating system comprising (i) an initiator having a radically transferrable atom or group, (ii) a transition metal compound, and (iii) a ligand, the present invention is also directed to the synthesis of a macromolecule having at least two halogen groups which can be used as a macroinitiator component (i) to subsequently form a block or graft copolymer by an atom or group transfer radical polymerization process; the present invention is also directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a branched or hyperbranched polymer; in addition, the present invention is directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a macroinitiator which can subsequently be used to produce a block or graft copolymer.

Disclosed are devices for detecting the presence of a preselected analyte in a fluid sample. The devices comprise a substrate microfabricated to define a sample inlet port, and a mesoscale flow system that includes a sample flow channel extending from the inlet port. The mesoscale flow system further includes an analyte detection region in fluid communication with the flow channel comprised of a binding moiety for specifically binding the analyte. The detection region is constructed with a mesoscale dimension sufficiently small to enhance binding of the binding moiety and the analyte. The binding moiety may be immobilized in the detection region. The mesoscale detection systems of the invention may be used in a wide range of applications, including the detection of cells or macromolecules, or for monitoring reactions or cell culture growth.

The present invention provides biodegradable polymer particle delivery compositions for delivery of macromolecular biologics, for example in crystal form, based on polymers, such as polyester amide (PEA), polyester urethane (PEUR), and polyester urea (PEU) polymers, which contain amino acids in the polymer. The polymer particle delivery compositions can be formulated either as a liquid dispersion or a lyophilized powder of polymer particles containing bound water molecules with the macromolecular biologics, for example insulin, dispersed in the particles. Bioactive agents, such as drugs, polypeptides, and polynucleotides can also be delivered by using particles sized for local, oral, mucosal or circulatory delivery. Methods of delivering a macromolecular biologic with substantial native activity to a subject, for example orally, are also included.

A composition comprising in admixture with a polymer, preferably a polyurethane, and a compatible surface-modifying macromolecule having (i) a central portion of a segmented block oligomeric copolymer comprising at least one polar hard segment, and (ii) PROPORTIONAL - omega terminal polyfluoro oligomeric groups, in a surface modifying enhancing amount. The composition is of use in providing articles having improved surface properties, particularly, medical devices having improved resistance to enzyme degradation with acceptable blood compatibility.

The invention provides hollow-tip-electrodes for spatially localized delivery of substances to one or more biological targets present in a population comprising target and non-target molecules, macromolecules, and / or cells. The invention also provides electrode plates for receiving one or more of such tips, tip-electrode plates comprising electrode plates comprising one or more electrode tips, and systems comprising tip-electrodes and containers for containing one or more biological targets, e.g., such as molecules, macromolecules, and / or cells. The invention further provides methods for using such systems and components thereof. In one preferred aspect, the systems are used for spatially confined electroporation of cells and cell structures. The invention facilitates high throughput screening of agents (e.g., such as drugs) that act on intracellular targets.

An intravaginal drug delivery device comprises a device body comprising a hydrophobic carrier material having at least one channel defining at least one opening to the exterior of said device body, said at least one channel being adapted to receive at least one drug-containing insert; at least one drug-containing insert positioned in said at least one channel, said drug-containing insert capable of releasing a pharmaceutically effective amount of at least one drug suitable for intravaginal administration and containing about 1% to about 70% of at least one water-soluble release enhancer, both the drug and the water-soluble release enhancer dispersed in an insert carrier material; wherein said hydrophobic carrier material and said insert carrier material may be the same or different; and wherein said at least one drug-containing insert is exposed on said exterior of said device body when said intravaginal drug delivery device is in use.

The invention discloses a bulk hydrotreating catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst comprises three active metal components, namely Mo, W and Ni, and the sum of active metal oxides is 30 to 70 weight percent. In the method, a proper amount of water-soluble nitrogen-containing compound is added in the bulk catalyst gelatinating process, the pore structure of the catalyst is improved, more metal active sites are exposed on the surface of the catalyst, the utilization rate of active metals is improved, the catalyst has obviously high activity compared with the common bulk catalyst under the condition of the same metal content, and the consumption of the active metals for the common bulk catalyst can be reduced and the preparation cost of the catalyst can be reduced under thecondition of the equivalent activity. In addition, the bulk catalyst has increased pore diameter and pore volume, the Ni-W high active center is fully utilized, complicated macromolecules are easier to contact the active center, and the effect is particularly more obvious when the catalyst treats distillates with high macromolecule content.

Conductive polymers having a star structure comprising a central core with multiple attachment sites and conjugated charge transporting arms radiating therefrom. The cores are derived from hyperbranched polymers, dendrimers, or other molecules with a multiplicity of attachment sites. The arms are derived from conjugated oligomers and polymers such as polythiophene, polyaniline or polyphenylene. The subject polymers allow assembly of the macromolecules in all three dimensions in the solid state. A ramification of the compact assembly is the realization of highly reflective, smooth coatings simply applied from solution. A preferred embodiment having a 1,3,5 hyperbranched polyphenylene core and poly (3-hexylthiophene) arms provides lustrous reflective gold coatings.

A device for concentrating and / or purifying macromolecules in liquids is disclosed wherein the concentration / purification is accomplished by a membrane separating concentration and filtration chambers, the membrane and chambers being compressively held in fluid-tight relationship by sliding engagement with a sleeve-like housing. A method for assembling such a device is also disclosed.

A high throughput screening and isolation system identifies rare enhancer mixtures from a candidate pool of penetration enhancer combinations. The combinations are screened for high penetration but low irritation potential using a unique data mining method to find new potent and safe chemical penetration enhancer combinations. The members of a library of chemical penetration enhancer combinations are screened with a high throughput device to identify “hot spots”, particular combinations that show higher chemical penetration enhancement compared to neighboring compositions. The irritation potentials of the hot spot combinations are measured to identify combinations that also show low irritation potential. A active component, such as a drug, is then combined with the combination in a formulation which is tested for the ability of the drug to penetrate into or through skin. It is then assessed whether the formulation can deliver the quantity of drug required, and animal tests are conducted to confirm in vivo the ability of the chemical penetration enhancer combinations to facilitate transport of sufficient active molecules across the skin to achieve therapeutic levels of the active molecule in the animal's blood. The invention provides specific unique and rare mixtures of chemical penetration enhancers that enhance skin permeability to hydrophilic macromolecules by more than 50-fold without inducing skin irritation, such as combinations of sodium laurel ether sulfate and 1-phenyl piperazine, and combinations of N-lauryl sarcosine and Span 20 / sorbitan monolaurate.

This invention relates generally to a mass spectrometer probe and a method of using said probe for desorption and ionization of analytes. The sample probe comprises an affinity reagent on the probe surface, wherein the affinity reagent is capable of selectively binding an analyte. An analyte bound to the affinity reagent can be desorbed by a high energy source and detected in the mass spectrometer. The probe and methods are useful in detection and analysis of macromolecules such as proteins or other biomolecules.

Featured are devices and systems embodying one or more electrically-addressable-solid-state nanopores useful for sensing and / or characterizing single macromolecules as well as sequencing DNA or RNA. In one aspect of the present invention, there is featured a linear or 2-D electrically-addressable array of nanopores, where the nanopores are located at points of intersections between V-shaped grooves formed in an upper surface of the insulating member and a V-shaped groove formed in a lower surface of the insulating member. In another aspect of the present invention the solid-state nanopore of the present invention the width and / or length of the nanopore is defined or established by sharp edges of cleaved crystals that are maintained in fixed relation during the formation of the insulating member including the nanopore.

The invention discloses a non-support three-dimensional printing method based on inclined layering. The method comprises five steps of model surface overhanging area identification, model reestablishment, horizontal slicing, motion code coordinate transformation, and path coupling; a path includes two parts: a horizontal layered path and an inclined layered path. A path track inclined relative to a horizontal plane is formed at an overhanging part; when the region is printed, a new layer of material can be guaranteed to be not only suffered from gravity but also is suffered from an adhesive force in a deposition process due to the presence of a formed printing layer on an upper layer. An additional supporting material is omitted, a printing raw material is saved, the printing efficiency is improved, and a process of subsequent support removal is omitted. The inclined layered three-dimensional printing path provided by the invention has a common code format, can be directly applied in commercial and open-source desktop type three-dimensional printers, has extensive application prospects, and can be extended to the three-dimensional printing technology in biology, chemical engineering, macromolecule and food industries.

Embodiments of the present invention include a material comprising a polymer having a modulus of elasticity less than 105 Pa and a material comprising a polymer having a modulus of elasticity of less than 5×104 Pa. Embodiments also include a material comprising a polymeric network and a multiplicity of side chains attached to the polymeric network. The multiplicity of side chains may have an average molecular weight below the critical molecular weight for entanglements. In certain embodiments it may be advantageous for the side branches to have a glass transition temperature below the use temperature of the material. The polymer network may comprise at least two monomers so that the polymer network is a copolymer. Embodiments of the present invention also include methods of forming a polymer network. Such as, for example, a method of preparing a polymer network comprising cross-linking a polymer, wherein the polymer comprises a multiplicity of side chains. The polymer may be at least one of a polymer brush, a polymer comb, and a nanocomposite material. An additional embodiment may include polymerizing macromonomers in the presence of a crosslinking agent. This embodiment may result in the forming a polymer network, wherein the polymer network comprises a multiplicity of branches attached to the polymer network, wherein the macromonomers may have a molecular weight less than the critical molecular weight for entanglements. Another embodiment of the method of forming a polymer network may comprising polymerizing monomers directly from a crosslinked polymer network. This method may result in forming a branched polymer network, wherein the polymer network comprises a multiplicity of branches attached to the polymer network.

The invention provides a catalytic cracking catalyst, a preparation method and an application method thereof. The catalyst contains high silica-alumina ratio REUSY zeolite prepared by a liquid-phase villiaumite method. The method for preparing the zeolite comprises: allowing NaY zeolite and inorganic ammonium salt solution to be in contact for ion exchange and washing; ensuring that the Na2O content of zeolite is lower than 6 weight percent; roasting the obtained product in a 100 percent steam atmosphere; allowing the obtained product to be in contact with fluosilicic acid solution for liquid-phase aluminum-pumping silicon-replenishing reaction; allowing the obtained product filtered and washed to be in contact with rare earth salt solution for ion exchange. The catalyst is used for heavy oil catalytic cracking, and has good capability of cracking heavy oil macromolecules, performance of reducing the olefin content of gasoline and performance of increasing the isoparaffin content of gasoline.

This invention provides novel methods for the formation of biocompatible membranes around biological materials using photopolymerization of water soluble molecules. The membranes can be used as a covering to encapsulate biological materials or biomedical devices, as a “glue” to cause more than one biological substance to adhere together, or as carriers for biologically active species. Several methods for forming these membranes are provided. Each of these methods utilizes a polymerization system containing water-soluble macromers, species, which are at once polymers and macromolecules capable of further polymerization. The macromers are polymerized using a photoinitiator (such as a dye), optionally a cocatalyst, optionally an accelerator, and radiation in the form of visible or long wavelength UV light. The reaction occurs either by suspension polymerization or by interfacial polymerization. The polymer membrane can be formed directly on the surface of the biological material, or it can be formed on material, which is already encapsulated.

The present invention relates to compositions of aqueous compositions comprising relative permeability modifier (RPM) macromolecules and one or more formation damage control additives, for use in treating hydrocarbon-producing wells, formations, and equipment, as well as methods for the use of such compositions. Such compositions, comprising the RPM macromolecule and the one or more formation damage control additive, such as a scale control agent, can result in the formation of a composition wherein the components exhibit a “synergistic” effect, whereby the ability of the formation damage control additive to prevent formation damage is enhanced relative to the use of the same additive separately.

The invention provides a method for preparing a titanium dioxide nano belt, belonging to the nano material technical field. The prior methods for preparing the titanium dioxide nano belt comprise the hydro-thermal method and the combination method of the sol-gel method and the hydro-thermal method. The prior electrostatic spinning method is applied to the preparation of nano fibers. The invention comprises three steps that: 1. a spinning solution is prepared; the mixture of polymethylmethacrylate and vinylpyrrolidone is used as a macromolecule template, and the mixture of chloroform and N,N-dimethylformamide is used as a solvent; 2. a titanium alkoxide / macromolecule template compound nano belt is prepared; the electrostatic spinning method is used, and the technical parameters are as follows: the voltage is between 15 and 25kV and the curing distance is between 15 and 30cm; 3. a TiO2 nano belt is prepared; the heat treatment method is used, and the technical parameters are as follows: the rate of temperature rise is between 0.5 and 2 DEG C / min and the heat preservation time at the temperature of between 500 and 900 DEG C is between 10 and 15h; for the TiO2 nano belt prepared, the width is between 5 and 15mu m, the thickness is between 30 and 60nm and the length is more than 200mu m; the TiO2 nano belt comprises a pure phase anatase type TiO2 nano belt and a pure phase rutile type TiO2 nano belt.

A method for determining the length and velocity of single elongated macromolecules is disclosed. In particular, the present invention relates to methods and apparatus for determining the velocity of elongated polymeric molecules moving relative to one or more detection stations, as well as to methods and apparatus for determining the length of such molecules and the distance between landmarks that may be present on such molecules. The invention makes use of time correlated measurements of signal amplitude profiles that result from interactions between each detection station and portions of each macromolecule.

Provided according to some embodiments of the invention are topical gels that may release nitric oxide. Also provided are methods of using such topical gels in the treatment of wounds and other skin ailments. The topical gels comprise diazeniutndiolate-functionalized polysiloxane macromolecules.

The invention provides a three-dimensional ordered macroporous alumina and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: assembling polymer microspheres which are singly dispersed to form a colloidal crystal template, filling the alumina sol which is prepared by means of a special method into the template, and drying and roasting to obtain macroporous alumina. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the alumina sol and the compounding process of the alumina sol and the polymer microspheres can be controlled well, the network structure of the alumina sol is protected possibly, the alumina which is prepared by means of the method not only has three-dimensional ordered macroporous channels but also has a high specific surface area. Furthermore, the macropores within the material are communicated to the surrounding macropores by means of 12 small window holes, and the window holes are formed by sintering the template properly. The alumina prepared by means of the method provided by the invention is suitable for being used as a catalyst carrier of heavy oil and an adsorption and separation material of organic macromolecule. The alumina prepared by means of the method which is provided by the invention is suitable for improving the mass transfer capability of the material within the catalyst and is suitable for improving the activity and the selectivity of the catalyst during the application process as a catalyst carrier.

The invention discloses a medication thermal energy water circulating blanket which comprises a liquid heat radiation circulating loop structure formed by connecting a dialysis macromolecule energy pipe, a constant-temperature furnace, a minitype mute water pump and the like, the dialysis macromolecule energy pipes is evenly arranged on a cotton blanket body to cool the cotton blank body. According to the medication thermal energy water circulating blanket, needed medicinal materials only need to be placed on a filter screen in the constant-temperature furnace, nutrition ingredients of the medicinal materials are absorbed by water, agentia is pumped to the dialysis macromolecule energy pipes to circulate, the dialysis macromolecule energy pipes distribute the nutrition ingredients of the agentia to a bed blanket slowly to be absorbed by a human body through pores of the human body at this moment, and therefore people can be moisturized by the water and can obtain the nutrition effect of the medicinal materials in sleep, people can feel warm and comfortable, and can maintain beauty and keep young, and the special effect of preventing diseases can be achieved. Heating, circulating and heat preservation in the whole process are automatically controlled, the medication thermal energy water circulating blanket is simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to use and good in market prospect and has good market prospects, and social benefits and economic benefits are considerable.

Methods useful in improving hydrocarbon recovery from subterranean formations using relative permeability modifier (RPM) macromolecules are described. The RPMs are typically crosslinked RPMs having K-values from 250-300 which, when injected into an injector well associated with a producer well, redirect the production water so as to improve the injection profile of the well and simultaneously improve hydrocarbon recovery from the producer well.