1202 results about "Atom-transfer radical-polymerization" patented technology

The present invention is directed to a process of atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of novel homopolymer or a block or graft copolymer, optionally containing at least one polar group, with well defined molecular architecture and narrow polydipersity index, in the presence of an initiating system comprising (i) an initiator having a radically transferrable atom or group, (ii) a transition metal compound, and (iii) a ligand, the present invention is also directed to the synthesis of a macromolecule having at least two halogen groups which can be used as a macroinitiator component (i) to subsequently form a block or graft copolymer by an atom or group transfer radical polymerization process; the present invention is also directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a branched or hyperbranched polymer; in addition, the present invention is directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a macroinitiator which can subsequently be used to produce a block or graft copolymer.

Polymer-coated pigment particles produced using atom transfer radical polymerization provide electrophoretic media having improved bistability without requiring addition to the electrophoretic fluid of additives which increase switching time.

A separation matrix comprises a porous surface layer; and a bulk porous support, wherein both the porous surface layer and the bulk porous support comprising a block copolymer. The block copolymer comprises A-B or A-B-A repeating units, wherein A and B at each occurrence are two different blocks of oligomer, or polymer. A structural unit of block A is derived from one or more atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP)-active monomer or oligomer and a structural unit of block B is derived from a thermoplastic ATRP-active macro initiator. A poly dispersity index of the block copolymer is at least about 2.

A polymerization process comprising initiating a first polymerization of monomers using an initiator functionalized with an ATRP initiating site, wherein the first polymerization is selected from the group of cationic polymerization, anionic polymerization, conventional free radical polymerization, metathesis, ring opening polymerization, cationic ring opening polymerization, and coordination polymerization to form a macroinitiator comprising an ATRP initiating site and further initiating an ATRP polymerization of radically polymerizable monomers using the macroinitiator comprising an ATRP initiating site. Novel block copolymers may be formed by the disclosed method.

Exposing to visible light atom transfer radical polymerizations of vinyl monomers that use transition metal compounds often results in faster polymerizations and/or the need for less transition metal compound. Disclosed is a process for the polymerization of vinyl monomers by atom transfer radical polymerization using a first compound containing a transition metal and a second compound capable of radically transferring an atom or group to said first compound, wherein the improvement comprises, irradiating with visible light with an intensity of at least about 5 mW/cm2 a liquid in which said polymerization is taking place. The polymers made are useful for molding resins and coatings.

The invention discloses a polymer microsphere and preparation method thereof. The microsphere comprises a core and surface graft; wherein the core is monodispersed polystyrene-divinyl benzene microsphere with crosslinking degree of 60-90% and grain diameter of 2-20 microns, and the surface graft is polyglycidyl methacrylate or derivate thereof. Friedel-Crafts acylation is utilized, alpha-halogenacyllhalide is taken as acylation agent, initiator molecule is bonded on the surface of the microsphere; conventional atom transfer radical polymerization method is utilized to initiate monomers glycidyl methacrylate to condense; then different nucleopilic reagent is utilized for opening ring, and amino, hydroxyl, hydrazine, carboxyl and sulfydryl groups are introduced onto the surface of the microsphere. The polymer microsphere can be used as separation material for different chromatographs for high efficiency ion exchange, chelation and high efficiency affiliation, also can be used as carrier for fixing enzyme and catalyst and is an excellent functional microsphere.

The invention provides a block poly-carboxylic acid concrete high-efficiency water reducing agent with an ordered structure and a preparation method thereof. The block poly-carboxylic acid is prepared by using atom transfer radical polymerization, the structural regularity and the molecular weight distribution of the poly-carboxylic acid are controlled effectively, and the water reducing agent is used in a cement dispersing process. By adoption of the block poly-carboxylic acid concrete high-efficiency water reducing agent and the preparation method thereof, the problems of uncontrollable molecular weight of the poly-carboxylic acid, wider molecular weight distribution, un-designable molecular structure and the like are solved.

This present invention is directed towards the identification or design, preparation, and use of suitable transition metal complexes for use as catalysts. The transition metal complexes may comprise heterodonor ligands. The present invention is also directed toward a method of determining the suitability of a transition metal complex for use in a catalytic reaction, such as, but not limited to, atom transfer radical polymerization (“ATRP”), atom transfer radical addition (“ATRA”), atom transfer radical cyclization (“ATRC”), and other catalytic redox reactions. The method assists in the approximate determination of the fundamental properties of the transition metal complex in a reaction media, such as, but not limited to, solubility, redox potential, stability towards acidic, basic, or ionic species, conditional radically transferable atom phylicity, and propensity toward disproportionation and therefore, the suitability of the complex to be used as a catalyst in the reaction media. The method provides a basis for prediction and evaluation of the properties of a transition metal complex for a particular selective catalytic reaction in a broad range of reaction environments. An understanding of the principles of the disclosed method allows a transition metal complex to be tuned to specific reaction medium by selecting a transition metal complex and ligand combination having the desired qualities.

The invention provides a bi-block polymer containing perfluorocyclobutyl aryl ether-based polymer, a preparation method thereof and application thereof. The preparation method comprises two reaction steps: firstly, a macroinitiator formed through atom transfer radical polymerization is prepared; and then the macroinitiator is used for initiating an acrylic ester monomer and a metacrylic acid ester monomer, which contain perfluorocyclobutyl aryl ether structures, to carry out the atom transfer radical polymerization, thus obtaining the diblock polymer containing the perfluorocyclobutyl aryl ether-based polymer. The obtained diblock polymer can be used for preparing an aggregate with microscopic shape and can be potentially applied to such fields as a pollution-resistant reagent, a surfactant, an emulsifier, a drug carrier, photoconductive materials, photonic crystals, etc.

A process for making a polysiloxane block copolymer which is built up from units of the formula [A] [B], in which A is a polymeric block built up from radically polymerisable monomer, and B is a polysiloxane block, the process comprising the steps of forming a polysiloxane macroinitiator by grafting a radical initiator onto a polysiloxane via a nucleophilic displacement reaction between groups on the polysiloxane and radical initiator respectively, and reacting the polysiloxane macroinitiator so obtained with radically polymerisable monomers in an atom transfer radical polymerisation reaction to form a polysiloxane block copolymer. Also provided are cosmetic and personal care compositions, such as hair styling compositions, containing the polysiloxane block copolymers.

The invention relates to a process for preparing temperature-responsive polymeric thin films which consists of, carrying out free radical polymerization reaction through surface triggering atom transition on smooth surfaces or rough surfaces with micrometer or nano structure, thus making the material surface have reversible soakage.

The present invention discloses a preparation method of hydrophilic PVC alloy ultrafiltration membrane. PVC amphiphilic graft copolymer is synthesized through an atom-transfer-free radical polymerization method, which is taken as a hydrophilic modifier and is blended with PVC to prepare the PVC alloy ultrafiltration membrane with controllable structure, hydrophilicity, pollution resistance, large flux and high rejection rate by a solution transformation method. The hydrophilic chain of the amphiphilic graft copolymer can self-assemble and transfer to the membrane surface for microphase separation in the process of solution phase inversion, thus forming a relatively thin hydrophilic surface layer (dozens to hundreds of nanometers). The membrane preparation and hydrophilic modification are carried out simultaneously and the hydrophilic modification of membrane and the interior of the membrane hole can be achieved. The surface contact angle of the ultrafiltration membrane is less than 60 degrees and can be reduced to 0 degree within dozens of seconds; the water flux reaches above 500L/m<2> h(0.1Mpa); the BSA rejection rate reaches above 90 percent; the recovery rate of water cleaning flux is above 90 percent.

The present invention relates to methods for preparing degradable model networks from any monomer functionality with any degradation methodology. It is based on the use of Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization and CLICK chemistry to form the desired product.

A pigment dispersion comprising pigment, an aqueous carrier selected from water and a mixture of water and at least one organic solvent, and a pigment dispersant is described. The pigment dispersant is prepared by polymerizing (i) at least one prepolymer having a radically polymerizable group, and (ii) at least one second monomer. The prepolymer is prepared by controlled radical polymerization, e.g., atom transfer radical polymerization, of at least one radically polymerizable first monomer. The second monomer forms a polymeric backbone segment of the pigment dispersant, and the prepolymer forms polymeric segments that are pendent to the backbone. The backbone segment of the pigment dispersant is hydrophilic, while at least a portion of each pendent polymeric segment is hydrophobic.

The invention discloses fluorocoating resin, belongs to the field of chemical materials, and relates to coating resin prepared by mixing fluorinated acrylate block copolymer synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization and other resin. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing fluorinated block copolymer with narrow molecular weight distribution and controllable molecular weight, wherein the mass ratio of the fluorinated block to the non-fluorinated block is 1:9-1:1, and the total molecular weight is 2,000-100,000; and mixing the fluorinated block copolymer and other resin, wherein the fluorinated block copolymer accounts for 0.5 to 100 percent of the total mass of the resin, and the other resin is acrylic resin and polyurethane. The prepared block polymer has controllable molecular weight and clear structure. The fluorocoating resin has a mall amount of fluorine-containing monomer, and has excellent comprehensive performance such as surface performance, ageing-resistant performance and the like.

The invention discloses a carbon quantum dot-poly N-isopropylacrylamide composite material and a preparation method thereof. An N-isopropylacrylamide polymer is grafted to the surface of carbon quantum dots obtained by microwave treatment by adopting an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATPR) method. The preparation method is simple, convenient and mild in conditions. Modified carbon nano particles have fluorescence property and temperature sensitivity.

The invention discloses a surface modification method for a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film or a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) performing vacuum low temperature plasma treatment on the PVDF film or the PVC film at the power of 5 to 100W and the reaction vacuum degree of 2 to 100Pa for 1 to 20 minutes; and (2) mixing a solution which is formed by mixing methanol and deionized water and serves as a solvent, cuprous chloride or cuprous bromide serving as a catalyst, 2,2'-bipyridyl or a derivative thereof serving as a ligand, and sulphobetaine methyl methacrylate or allyl polyethylene glycol serving as a grafting monomer, controlling reaction temperature to 20-100 DEG C, and performing atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) reaction for 1 to 24 hours to obtain a product, wherein the molar ratio of the catalyst to the ligand is 1:(0.5-4), and the molar ratio of the film to the monomer is (100-0.1):1. The methodhas the advantages that: the hydrophilicity and anti-pollution capacity of the film can be improved, environment friendliness is achieved, and operation steps are simple.

The invention discloses an amphiphilic polymer pigment wetting dispersant for a water-based coating and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: polymerizing macromer or polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate macromer with polymerizable double bonds with one or two hydrophobic (methyl) polyacrylate monomers in the presence of ARGET ATRP (activators regenerated by electron transfer-atom transfer radical polymerization) to obtain a comb-shaped polymer, and further introducing an anchoring functional group in the comb-shaped polymer for preparing the solid wetting dispersant; or polymerizing the macromer or the polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate macromer with the polymerizable double bonds with the (methyl) polyacrylate monomer with the anchoring functional group in the presence of ARGET ATRP to obtain the comb-shaped polymer which is the solid wetting dispersant. By using the preparation method, the cost can be greatly reduced, the efficiency is improved, and the performances of the product can be greatly improved. The obtained wetting dispersant has good dispersion effect and bright color, and the stability of a dispersion system is high.

A zwitterionic/amphiphilic pentablock copolymer was prepared using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The pentablock copolymer is prepared for the atom transfer radical polymerization of a PDMS-PEO-Br macroinitiator and SBMA. The pentablock copolymer is incorporated into a polyurethane coating composition which is useful for antifouling and/or fouling release applications.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a polymer by micro-scale photo-induced organic catalysis. The method comprises the following steps: using alkyl halide as an initiator in a microreactor; and using an organic small molecule as a catalyst to catalyze atom-transfer radical-polymerization, so as to prepare the polymer. Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention has advantages of high reaction speed, controllable molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of a polymerization product, no residue, and wide application in fields of optoelectronic materials and biomedical materials.

The invention discloses an amphiphilic copolymer brush with pH responsiveness and a preparation method thereof. Particularly, the invention discloses an amphiphilic copolymer brush with pH responsiveness comprised of a block, which is formed by the copolymerization of a hydrophobic group and a pH response group, and a hydrophilic brush-shaped block. In the invention, a copolymer of a hydrophobic monomer and a pH response functional monomer is obtained by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), then the copolymer is used as a macromolecular initiator to perform the ATRP polymerization of monomethoxypoly (ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA) which is a hydrophilic macromolecular monomer, and finally, a selective hydrolysis reaction is performed to prepare the amphiphilic copolymer brush with pH responsiveness. The preparation method of the invention has the advantages of simple process and high yield. The synthesized amphiphilic copolymer brush with pH responsiveness has a novel structure and an adjustable functional group proportion, and is suitable to be used in the transmission of entrapped insoluble medicaments.

Various novel block cationomers comprising polyisobutylene (PIB) and poly(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) segments have been synthesized and characterized. The specific targets were various molecular weight diblocks (PDMAEMA⁺) and triblocks (PDMAEMA⁺-b-PIB-b-PDMAEMA⁺) with the PIB blocks in the DP_n=50–200⁻(M_n=3,000–9,000 g/mol) range connected to blocks of PDMAEMA⁺ cations in the DP_n=5–20 range. The overall synthetic strategy for the preparation of these block cationomers comprised four steps: 1) Synthesis by living cationic polymerization of mono- and di-allyltelechelic polyisobutylenes, 2) End group transformation to obtain PIBs fitted with termini capable of mediating the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of DMAEMA, 3) ATRP of DMAEMA and 4) Quaternization of PDMAEMA to PDMAEMA⁺I⁻ by CH₃I. Kinetic and model experiments provided guidance to develop convenient synthesis methods. The microarchitecture of PIB-PDMAEMA di- and triblock and the corresponding block cationomers were confirmed by ¹H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy and solubility studies.