310 results about "Polyaniline" patented technology

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a zinc-bromine flow battery positive electrode material, and belongs to the field of zinc-bromine flow batteries. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning and activating a carbon-based three-dimensional conductive network substrate by adopting plasmas, performing oxygen / argon plasma etching, and performing chemical vapor deposition on carbon to prepare three-dimensional porous carbon; then growing a metal oxide nanocrystalline array on the three-dimensional porous carbon by a hydrothermal method, and carrying out ammonia gas calcination to convert the metal oxide nanocrystalline array into a metal nitride nanocrystalline array; then preparing an electro-deposition solution containing tin bismuth salt and an aniline-bromine source polymerization solution, and constructing Sn-Bi bimetallic nanoparticles and a polyaniline-bromine complex layer on the metal nitride nanocrystalline array / three-dimensional porous carbon precursor through electro-deposition and electro-polymerization in sequence to finally prepare the high-performance zinc-bromine battery positive electrode material. The positive electrode material has high conductivity, excellent Br2 / Br <-> catalytic activity and structural stability, and the coulombic efficiency, the voltage efficiency and the energy efficiency of the battery are remarkably improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of polymer electrolytes, in particular to a composite solid electrolyte based on aramid nanofibers and a lithium-sulfur battery. The composite solid electrolyte is prepared by taking a composite aramid nanofiber membrane with a double-layer three-dimensional structure as a base material, an upper polyaniline base material provides good interface contact stability with a lithium negative electrode, and a lower aramid nanofiber skeleton provides good mechanical support performance for the fiber membrane; and meanwhile, the electrochemical performance of the composite solid electrolyte is comprehensively improved by doping the special porous structure of the composite solid electrolyte with the core-shell porous carbon.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photo-thermal material engineering, and particularly relates to a salt-resistant hydrogel evaporator utilizing solar evaporation for power generation and a preparation method and application thereof. The salt-tolerant hydrogel evaporator is prepared from the following raw materials: polyvinyl alcohol, hydrophilic conductive nanoparticles, bacterial nanocellulose and carbon nanotubes. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is used as a framework, bacterial cellulose (BC) jointly forms a hydrogel structure with a hierarchical nanostructure, modified polyaniline conductive nanoparticles (CPs) are used for enhancing the electric signal transmission capacity of the hydrogel evaporator, and the salt-resistant hydrogel solar evaporator capable of realizing seawater desalination and electric power generation is prepared by adopting a simple and convenient method.

This invention discloses a method and sensor for adiponectin detection using a polyaniline and polyacrylic acid-modified wire mesh carbon electrode, relating to the field of adiponectin detection technology. The method involves electrochemically activating the wire mesh carbon electrode, electropolymerizing it to form a polyaniline-polyacrylic acid composite modification layer, immobilizing adiponectin monoclonal antibody after activation with N-hydroxysuccinimide and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide, blocking the antibody with bovine serum albumin, and reacting it with a serum sample. The adiponectin concentration is determined based on the peak potential shift and peak current change. This invention simultaneously achieves both conductive transport and antibody immobilization, reduces non-specific adsorption and serum interference, and improves detection sensitivity, repeatability, and quantitative accuracy.

The invention discloses a supercapacitor with a high specific surface area and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of supercapacitors. Comprising the following steps: performing layer-by-layer cladding forming on TC4 alloy powder to obtain a three-dimensional bionic curved surface structure with Gyandroid topology in a three-period minimal curved surface, and forming a randomly distributed microcosmic columnar bulge structure on the surface of the three-dimensional bionic curved surface structure as a metal current collector; polyaniline is continuously deposited to form a film along the three-dimensional bionic curved surface structure and the surface microcosmic columnar protrusion structure of the three-dimensional bionic curved surface structure in a pulse electrodeposition mode, and a TC4-coated PANI electrode is obtained; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a three-dimensional bionic curved surface structure, performing grafting reaction on polyvinyl alcohol and an epoxy compound containing a quaternary ammonium group under an alkaline condition to prepare a PVA-g-TMAC polymer, preparing a PVA-g-TMAC hydrogel electrolyte, injecting the PVA-g-TMAC hydrogel electrolyte into a mold, arranging two TC4-coated PANI electrodes in the mold according to a preset interval, clamping the three-dimensional bionic curved surface structure, and performing freeze thawing and consolidation to obtain the supercapacitor with a sandwich structure.

The invention discloses an optical film, a preparation method thereof and a display device, and relates to the technical field of optical functional films. The optical film comprises a base film layer and an antistatic coating arranged on the surface of at least one side of the base film layer. The antistatic coating comprises the following raw material components: water-dispersible polyester resin, water-soluble resin, a cross-linking agent and an antistatic agent; the antistatic agent is obtained by compounding a single-walled carbon nanotube modified with a hydrophilic group and polyaniline acid, the antistatic agent comprises an inner core and a coating layer at least partially coating the inner core, the inner core comprises the single-walled carbon nanotube modified with the hydrophilic group, and the coating layer comprises the polyaniline acid. According to the optical film, the single-walled carbon nanotubes and the polyaniline acid form a composite conductive structure, and then the composite conductive structure is crosslinked with the water-soluble resin and the crosslinking agent to form a three-dimensional conductive network structure, so that the optical film obtains lasting and efficient antistatic performance with extremely low environmental humidity dependence on the premise of keeping high light transmittance, low haze and good coating adhesiveness.

The application belongs to the technical field of composite membrane materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a super-hydrophilic composite membrane capable of removing various pollutants in water bodies; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a bimetallic organic framework material FeZr-MOF through a one-step solvothermal method; dispersing FeZr-MOF powder in a suitable solvent, mixing, adding polyvinylidene fluoride and polyvinylpyrrolidone, stirring under water bath conditions at 30-80 DEG C, obtaining a uniformly mixed casting solution, and then preparing a FeZr-MOF / PVDF composite membrane through a non-solvent induced phase separation method after ultrasonic defoaming treatment; then, a polyaniline coating layer is in-situ polymerized on the surface of the composite membrane to obtain a PANI / FeZr-MOF / PVDF composite membrane. The super-hydrophilic composite membrane capable of removing various pollutants in water bodies has good effects in oil-water separation, removal of antibiotics and chromium ions in water and the like.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an SO2 exchange adsorption material and a desulfurization adsorption tower applying the SO2 exchange adsorption material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding hollow fibers into 1.5-2M hydrochloric acid solution in an ice bath, and filling the hydrochloric acid solution into hollow fiber inner tubes; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing aniline and a filler in a mass ratio of (10: 1)-(20: 1), adding the mixture into a 1-1.2 M organic acid solution, uniformly mixing, and adding the mixture into an acid solution; slowly dropwise adding a mixed solution of ammonium persulfate and organic acid, stirring at 0-5 DEG C for 2-4 hours, adding excessive ammonia water, stirring, cleaning with deionized water to be neutral, and drying to obtain the exchange adsorption material. The hollow fiber material is polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene or polypropylene, and the outer diameter of the hollow fiber material is 0.6-1.2 mm. The main body of the prepared exchange adsorption material is a hollow fiber of which the outer wall is coated with polyaniline. The desulfurization adsorption tower comprises an adsorption exchange desulfurization layer above the filler layer, and switching between a desulfurization adsorption area and an elution exchange area is realized by adopting a rotating assembly. The problems that a traditional desulfurization material is low in efficiency and easy to saturate are solved, and the SO2 removal effect is improved.

The invention discloses a method for recycling and regenerating a positive electrode material of a waste lithium iron phosphate battery, and relates to the technical field of positive electrode materials of lithium iron phosphate batteries. When the lithium iron phosphate battery positive electrode material is prepared, recycled lithium carbonate, recycled iron oxide red, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, lithium fluoride, cerium nitrate hexahydrate, lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate and glucose are mixed and calcined to prepare doped modified lithium iron phosphate; coating the surface of the doped modified lithium iron phosphate with polyaniline to prepare polyaniline-coated lithium iron phosphate; and mixing the polyaniline-coated lithium iron phosphate, a conductive agent and a binder, and coating an aluminum foil with the mixture to prepare the positive electrode material of the lithium iron phosphate battery. The lithium iron phosphate battery positive electrode material prepared by the invention has good cycle performance.

The application discloses a magnesium-neodymium alloy and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of magnesium alloys.The alloy comprises the following preparation raw materials: magnesium ingot, neodymium, yttrium and modified nickel oxide; the modified nickel oxide comprises the following preparation raw materials: graphene oxide, polyaniline, nickel oxide, silane coupling agent and aluminum.In the application, the modified nickel oxide is prepared from graphene oxide, polyaniline, nickel oxide, silane coupling agent and aluminum; graphene oxide and nickel oxide are both sheet structures; under the action of the silane coupling agent, the sheet structures interact; thus, the stability of the nickel oxide in the magnesium alloy matrix is improved, and the corrosion resistance of the matrix is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of drug detection, in particular to a molecularly imprinted sensor for quantitatively detecting olanzapine in human blood as well as a preparation method and application of the molecularly imprinted sensor. Au-Pt NSF is deposited on the surface of a substrate electrode through an HBDT method, then a molecularly imprinted polyaniline layer is prepared through electro-polymerization, and the molecularly imprinted sensor is formed. A classical redox probe potassium hexacyanoferrate is used as a tool, and DPV is used for monitoring current change (delta I) caused by olanzapine addition, so that sensitive quantitative detection of olanzapine is realized. The sensor prepared by the invention shows a good linear relationship to olanzapine in the concentration ranges of 0.005-0.4 mu M and 0.4-10 mu M, the detection limit is 0.94 nM, and the sensor has high reproducibility and stability (relative standard deviation RSDlt;

This invention relates to the field of lithium-ion battery technology, specifically to a silicon-carbon material, its preparation method, and its application. The silicon-carbon material includes a core and a coating layer covering at least a portion of the surface of the core. The core includes nano-silicon material. The coating layer includes a flexible conductive polymer layer and a carbon layer existing between the core and the flexible conductive polymer layer. The flexible conductive polymer layer includes a conductive polymer having a conjugated structure. The conductive polymer includes at least one of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polyacetylene, polythiophene, polyquinoline, polyfluorene, polybenzothiadiazole, and poly(p-phenylenevinylene). The mass ratio of the conductive polymer to the total mass of the carbon layer and the core is (0.05-0.2):1. This invention, by constructing a shell structure with a "carbon layer-flexible coating layer" on the core, enables the silicon-carbon material with this core-shell structure to solve the problems of volume expansion, poor conductivity, and SEI layer instability of silicon materials in lithium-ion batteries.

The invention relates to the field of zinc ion batteries, and discloses a manganese-based positive electrode composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The manganese-based positive electrode composite material comprises an inner core and a polyaniline layer, the inner core is a manganese-based positive electrode material, and the polyaniline layer comprises polyaniline; wherein the manganese-based positive electrode material is spherical or sphere-like. The zinc ion battery prepared from the manganese-based positive electrode composite material has excellent electrochemical performance and super-long cycle life, and the maximum capacity retention rate can reach 99% after 600 cycles; in addition, the preparation method of the manganese-based positive electrode composite material is simple, green, environment-friendly, rapid and efficient, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention relates to a negative dielectric constant polyaniline / epoxy resin composite material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, pretreating polyaniline powder; step 2, pre-dispersing and mixing the pretreated polyaniline powder and bisphenol F epoxy resin; step 3, performing curing agent addition and degassing treatment on the pre-dispersed and mixed mixture; 4, the degassed mixture is subjected to mold filling and preliminary forming; step 5, carrying out electric field auxiliary curing on the primarily formed mixture; and step 6, carrying out post-treatment and sample preparation on the polyaniline / epoxy composite material subjected to electric field auxiliary curing. The dielectric property and the reliability of the composite insulating material can be remarkably improved.

This invention discloses a method for preparing a polyaniline-titanium dioxide nanotube array composite electrode, comprising the following steps: (1) anodizing a titanium sheet to obtain a titanium dioxide nanotube array; (2) preparing a polyaniline solution through a polymerization reaction; (3) loading the polyaniline solution onto the surface of the titanium dioxide nanotube array through dip-coating, and drying to obtain the polyaniline-titanium dioxide nanotube array composite electrode. The preparation method of this invention can form nanotube clusters, strengthening the bonding force between the nanotubes and the substrate, and the formed nanotubes are more regular; moreover, the prepared nanotube array composite electrode can significantly improve the electrochemical and mechanical stability of polyaniline, thereby obtaining a larger capacitance and long-term charge-discharge cycle stability, and can also improve the conductivity of the TiO2 nanotube array.

The present application relates to the technical field of buoyancy material, and particularly relates to a low-density hydrophobic buoyancy material and a preparation method thereof. The low-density hydrophobic buoyancy material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of epoxy resin, 35-45 parts of polyurethane modified graphene oxide-hollow glass microsphere composite material, 15-25 parts of polyaniline, 8-12 parts of short carbon fiber, 4-8 parts of diluent and 1-3 parts of curing agent. The low-density hydrophobic buoyancy material has the characteristics of low density and water absorption, excellent bulk modulus and compression strength, and good weather resistance. The preparation method of the low-density hydrophobic buoyancy material is simple in process and easy to control in operation, is conducive to industrialized mass production, and the prepared low-density hydrophobic buoyancy material is stable in quality and superior in comprehensive performance.

The application relates to the technical field of coating preparation, in particular to a nano coating for a self-cleaning polycrystalline solar module and a preparation method, wherein the coating is composed of titanium dioxide nanotubes, fluorosilane modified silica aerogel, graphene quantum dots and polyaniline-polyazole copolymer; the titanium dioxide nanotubes are prepared through a hydrothermal reaction and calcination, the aerogel is synthesized through a sol-gel method, the quantum dots are obtained through pyrolysis reduction, and the conductive polymer is obtained through oxidation polymerization; the components are dispersed in a solvent in proportion, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out after the addition of a leveling agent, the solar module is coated through a dip coating method, and the coating is formed through drying and ultraviolet curing. The self-cleaning nano coating is composed of multiple components, forms a multistage rough structure, realizes superhydrophobicity, widens a light response range, improves photocatalytic efficiency, improves electrical performance and increases photoelectric conversion efficiency.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water purification, and particularly relates to a material for strengthening low-temperature water salt and alkali degradation and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that dried Fe3O4 is taken and dispersed in ethyl alcohol, ammonia water and tetraethoxysilane are added, and a core-shell structure Fe3O4-SiO2 compound is obtained through magnet adsorption; naBH4 and Na2S2O4 are added, and FeS2 and PANI black powder is obtained; preparing a FeS2 (at) SiO (at) PANI composite material from the FeS2 (at) PANI black powder, N-methyl pyrrolidone and polyaniline; the method comprises the following steps: coating an aluminum nitride ceramic substrate with uniform slurry obtained by dissolving FeS2 (at) SiO (at) PANI in a binder to obtain the saline-alkaline water treatment material under the low-temperature condition. According to the invention, the light capture capability of the FeS2-coated SiO-coated PANI composite material at the upper layer is utilized to cooperate with the aluminum nitride ceramic substrate to efficiently transfer heat to the lower layer so as to form a medium-temperature, light-shielding and micro-aerobic environment bacteria growth area, salt reduction and alkali reduction of a low-temperature water body are effectively enhanced, and compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation and low cost, and is beneficial to popularization and large-scale use.

This invention discloses a hydrophobic electrode made of polyaniline / carbon nanotubes / silver nanowires, its preparation process, and its application. The hydrophobic electrode is prepared from polyaniline, carbon nanotubes, and silver nanowires. In this hydrophobic electrode, silver nanowires are uniformly dispersed in the material, forming a relatively complete conductive network; carbon nanotubes are wound around the surface of polyaniline, forming micro- and nano-scale protrusions, while also being distributed throughout the conductive network of silver nanowires and in contact with them; carbon nanotubes are wrapped and attached to the surface of polyaniline, dispersed throughout the composite material. This invention uses a mixture of polyaniline and carbon nanotubes before incorporating silver nanowires. To enhance hydrophobicity, the composite material undergoes high-temperature heating treatment, resulting in a low surface energy and a micro- and nano-rough structure. This invention involves fewer chemical reagents, has a simple preparation process, good safety, short preparation time, does not produce toxic or polluting gases, and possesses certain anti-corrosion properties.

The invention discloses an amino-terminated flake graphene / epoxy polyaniline synergistically enhanced high-reliability conductive adhesive and a preparation method thereof. The conductive adhesive comprises 20-40 parts of an epoxy resin matrix; 1 to 10 parts of amino-terminated flake graphene powder; 3 to 15 parts of an amino-terminated polyaniline oligomer; 0.5 to 2 parts of a silane coupling agent; and 10-25 parts of an organic solvent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the epoxy resin matrix, the silane coupling agent and part of the organic solvent into a uniform resin phase; mixing the amino-terminated flake graphene powder, the amino-terminated polyaniline oligomer and the remaining organic solvent to form uniform conductive filler slurry, and fully curing the conductive filler slurry; and uniformly dispersing the cured conductive filler slurry and the resin phase, grinding, and carrying out vacuum defoaming, so as to obtain the conductive adhesive after vacuum defoaming is completed. The conductive adhesive disclosed by the invention has the remarkable advantages of high conductivity, excellent connection reliability, low percolation threshold value, strong migration resistance and suitability for fine-pitch connection, and is obviously superior to the conductive adhesive of the traditional physical mixed filler.

Medical electrode comprising a base body (101) on which an electrically conductive first layer (102) and a cover layer (103) are arranged, the cover layer comprising an overhang (107) which partially covers the first layer (102), and an electrically conductive second layer (105) which is arranged on the first layer (102), the second layer (105) comprising an electrically conductive polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyacetylene, a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyfluorene, a polyphenylene, a polyphenylene vinylene, a polypyrene, a polyazulene, a polynaphthalene, a polypyrrole, a polycarbazole, a polyindole, a polyazepine, a polyaniline, a polyacene, a polythiophene, a polythiophene vinylene, a poly-p-phenylene sulfide, a polypyridine or functionalized derivatives, precursors or mixtures thereof;wherein the top layer (103) further comprises a recess (108), wherein the second layer (105) is arranged exclusively within the recess (108), and wherein the outwardly facing surface of the second layer (105) is spaced apart from the outwardly facing surface of the top layer (103), leaving a free area within the recess (108).

This application belongs to the field of battery materials technology, and particularly relates to a phosphate-based cathode material and its preparation method, as well as a cathode sheet and a secondary battery. The phosphate-based cathode material includes a phosphate-based active material core and a shell layer covering the outer surface of the core. The shell layer includes a modified Al2O3 inner layer and a conductive polymer outer layer sequentially covering the outer surface of the core. The modified Al2O3 inner layer includes an Al2O3 substrate and F and Ta elements chemically bonded to the substrate. The conductive polymer outer layer includes a polyaniline-lithium phytate composite material. In the phosphate-based cathode material, the double-shell coating structure effectively inhibits the dissolution of metal ions such as manganese, improves interfacial stability, thereby significantly reducing interfacial side reactions, simultaneously enhancing electronic and ionic conductivity, improving rate performance, and greatly increasing cycle life.

A method for preparing magnetic lignin-carbon composite materials for electromagnetic shielding belongs to the field of biomass carbon-based electromagnetic functional composite material preparation technology. The method involves in-situ polymerization to coat lignin powder with a polymer-based magnetic particle inducer layer such as polyaniline to obtain an intermediate; subsequently, a uniform and stable loading of Fe, Co, and Ni magnetic particles is achieved through in-situ growth of MOF particles or metal salt solution modification and impregnation processes; finally, high-temperature carbonization yields magnetic lignin-carbon. This invention effectively solves the technical problems of easy aggregation of magnetic particles and weak interfacial bonding by utilizing the abundant active sites provided by the inducer layer, enabling the resulting composite material to possess both the electrical conductivity loss of carbon-based materials and the hysteresis loss of magnetic particles, forming a highly efficient magnetic-electric synergistic loss mechanism. The magnetic lignin-carbon of this invention achieves an average shielding effectiveness of up to 77.5 dB in the 2-18 GHz band, showing broad application prospects in fields such as electromagnetic protection of electronic equipment and military stealth.

This invention discloses a thermally conductive and wear-resistant copper alloy plug prong composite coating material. The components of the composite coating material, by mass percentage, are as follows: 40-60% polyaniline, 20-40% modified polyaniline, 3-7% emulsifier, 10-20% diluent, and 5-15% additive; the sum of the mass percentages of all components is 100%. The additive is an organic-inorganic composite material of graphene coated with a porous metal-organic framework. The copper alloy plug prong composite coating material of this invention not only possesses excellent electrical conductivity and oxidation resistance, but also excellent thermal conductivity, wear resistance, impact resistance, and other performance characteristics, meeting the requirements for long-term safe use of copper alloy plug prongs.

A polyaniline composition including a polyaniline complex composed of a polyaniline doped with a dopant, and a liquid polymer.

A mixture of methylene diphenylamine isomers and polymethylene polyaniline is prepared with a controllable ratio of methylene diphenylamine isomers. Aniline and formaldehyde are reacted to produce N,N'-diphenylmethylenediamine (acetalamine), which is then partially rearranged in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst to a mixture of aminobenzylaniline and methylene diphenylamine isomers. Further rearrangement is performed in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst to convert the remaining aminobenzylaniline isomers to methylene diphenylamine and polymethylene polyaniline.

The present invention relates to the electrochemical detection of an analyte by capacitance spectroscopy using a redox active polymer-coated electrode such as a polyaniline-coated electrode.

This invention discloses a supercapacitor with a high specific surface area and its preparation method, relating to the field of supercapacitor technology. The method includes: performing layer-by-layer cladding forming on TC4 alloy powder to obtain a three-dimensional biomimetic surface structure with a Gyroid topology in a three-period minimal surface; forming randomly distributed microscopic columnar protrusions on the surface of the three-dimensional biomimetic surface structure as a metal current collector; continuously depositing polyaniline along the three-dimensional biomimetic surface structure and its surface microscopic columnar protrusions using pulsed electrodeposition to obtain a TC4@PANI electrode; preparing a PVA-g-TMAC polymer by grafting polyvinyl alcohol with an epoxy compound containing quaternary ammonium groups under alkaline conditions; preparing a PVA-g-TMAC hydrogel electrolyte and injecting it into a mold; arranging two TC4@PANI electrodes at a predetermined interval in the mold and sandwiching the three-dimensional biomimetic surface structure; and obtaining a sandwich-structured supercapacitor through freeze-thaw solidification.

The invention discloses a modified electrode, a preparation method of the modified electrode and application of the modified electrode in caffeic acid detection, and relates to the technical field of electrochemical detection.The preparation method of the electrode comprises the following steps that firstly, an Au nano solution is prepared; 2, preparing a polyaniline hollow nanotube suspension liquid; 3, pretreating the glassy carbon electrode; and 4, modifying the glassy carbon electrode by using gold nanoparticle-polyaniline. The modified electrode has the advantages of being simple in preparation process, high in detection stability and high in detection sensitivity, the application prospect is wide, and good research, development and application values are achieved.

The application is suitable for the technical field of polymer material and fiber manufacturing, and provides an antistatic treatment process of resin-based polyester fiber. Modified quercetin is first synthesized, and then is blended with polyester chips for melt spinning. In the spinning process, the fiber stream passes through a first treatment liquid containing zein and aniline monomers, so as to initiate in-situ interfacial polymerization on the fiber surface to form a zein / polyaniline core-shell structure. Subsequently, the fiber is sequentially subjected to ammonia gas / argon gas low-temperature plasma treatment for crosslinking induction and dynamic heat stretching setting. Through the synergistic effect of the bio-based materials, a stable mixed conductive network is constructed in the fiber, so that the fiber is endowed with excellent and durable antistatic performance, and meanwhile, the fiber maintains good mechanical performance. The process is environmentally friendly and is suitable for industrialized production.