59 results about "Absolute maximum" patented technology

The present invention provides an intermediate transfer belt comprising a polyimide resin comprising polyaniline, wherein the absolute maximum length of the largest particle of the polyaniline is approximately 10.0 μm or less, a preparation thereof, and an image-forming device comprising the intermediate transfer belt.

A method of determining the location in time of maxima and / or minima of an oscillatory signal. The method may have application to measurement of biological signals, in particular measurement of heart rate from a pulsatile blood signal. The method includes a first stage including the steps of observation over a measurement period, identifying large local maxima or minima and computing an average interval between the identified local maxima or minima. One or more exclusion periods are located in time in the oscillatory signal, having a duration dependent on the average interval, the exclusion periods used to reject false maxima or minima. Maxima or minima may also be detected as an absolute maximum or minimum between crossing points of a fast and a slow moving average of the oscillatory signal. An exclusion period may also be used to reject false maxima or minima when crossing points are used. Apparatus for performing the method is also claimed.

Two methods for determining a best initial heading estimate for use in an AINS system, while recording position data values and in-motion data values, assigning incremental changes to indexed heading ψk, calculating a set of time indexed present AINS position values and a corresponding set of time indexed absolute horizontal position measurement residual values, recording the absolute maximum time indexed horizontal position measurement residual and the corresponding value of ψk returning to the step of assigning an incremental increase to a next value to indexed heading ψk up to 360 degrees, identifying the maximum time indexed horizontal position measurement residual and corresponding ψk, followed by identifying the ψk having the smallest absolute maximum horizontal position measurement residual as Ak Second method uses a circular array of AINS ENGINES each with a different ψk running in parallel and finding smallest horizontal position measurement residual for Ak.

The invention relates to the method for automatically aligning the optical wave guide part with the optical fiber array, including the coarse alignment, fine alignment and the equalization of energy in each channel. The mixed type algorithm for automatic alignment is adopted in the fine alignment. The procedure of the fine alignment is as follows: With relatively great scanning range and step size, using the numerical value plot mode alignment algorithm searches the position of the relative maximum value of energy in K channel further. With relatively small scanning range and step size, usingthe numerical value plot mode alignment algorithm searches the position of the final absolute maximum value of energy in K channel. Using the fast aligning method-the rotation method searches the maximum value of energy in J channel.

A control method and a control device for controlling a supply unit, which enable supply of the maximum power that can be delivered by a power source, the method includes the presence of an absolute maximum on the curve of the power as a function of the voltage at the connection terminals; the supply system set between the power source and the load is preferably a DC / DC switching converter. The control circuit identifies the optimal operating point, using the relation existing between the harmonic components of the power and the harmonic components of the voltage at the terminals of the source. Starting from any value of the voltage at the connection terminals, the control circuit increments the value of the voltage if, for a given value of the frequency, the power and the voltage at the connection terminals are in phase, whilst it decrements the value of the voltage if the power and the voltage are in phase opposition.

A field programmable gate array, an access lead network coupled to the FPGA, and a plurality of memories electrically coupled to the access lead network. The FPGA, access lead network, and plurality of memories are arranged and configured to operate with a variable word width, namely with a word width between 1 and a maximum number of bits. The absolute maximum word width may be as large as mXN where m is the number of word width bits per memory chip and N is the number of memory chips.

An apparatus and method for a boost power converter with improved electrical overstress (EOS) tolerance is disclosed. A boost power converter provides a providing a pulse width modulation (PWM) boost power converter with an electrical overstress (EOS) boost over-voltage comparator / switch network comprises a boost power converter, a boost overvoltage comparator, a boost overvoltage comparator feedback network, and a boost overvoltage switch. The methodology for the boost converter with improved electrical overstress (EOS) tolerance defines an absolute maximum voltage condition, provides a voltage limit below the defined absolute maximum voltage condition, and initiates turn-on of the boost overvoltage switch according to the voltage limit.

In a method and a device for specific absorption rate monitoring in a magnetic resonance system wherein multiple transmit coils are independently charged with respective currents, a primary model point voxel and at least one auxiliary model point voxel are automatically selected from among multiple voxels that model a modeled examination subject. The primary model point voxel is that voxel in which an absolute maximum of a total field variable occurs that is produced by the respective electrical fields emitted by the transmit coils. The at least one auxiliary model point voxel is that voxel in which a relative maximum of the variable occurs. The primary model point voxel and the at least one auxiliary model point voxel are stored, and specific absorption rate monitoring of an actual examination subject in the magnetic resonance system is implemented during the acquisition of magnetic resonance data in respective voxels of the actual examination subject corresponding to the stored primary model point voxel and the stored at least one auxiliary model point voxel.

A projection optical system satisfies the following conditional equation: 0.01<{(tan θ f1−tan θ f2)−(tan θ n1−tan θ n2)}·(β2 / β1)<0.20. If, however, the normal line and longer side directions of a screen surface are z and x directions, respectively, an incident angle component on an xz-plane with respect to the screen surface is an incident angle θ, the larger incident angle θ of a light ray in light rays incident on respective edges of the upper and lower sides of the screen through the center of a stop is θ; f while the smaller incident angle θ of the light ray is θ n; θ f1 and θ f2: the maximum and minimum incident angles θ f at the maximum and minimum projecting magnification absolute values at a focus adjustment time, respectively, θ n1 and θ n2: the maximum and minimum incident angles θ n at the maximum and minimum projecting magnification absolute values at the focus adjustment time, respectively, and β1 and β2: the maximum and minimum incident magnifications at the maximum and minimum projecting magnification values at the focus adjustment time (if the magnification is negative, the magnification value is that at the absolute maximum or minimum time), respectively.

An optical receiver with a simplified arrangement able to compensate the optical loss of the transmission medium is disclosed. The optical receiver of the invention includes an SOA in the front end thereof, an optical de-multiplexer, and a plurality of receiver modules that receives de-multiplexed light. The optical gain of the SOA is adjusted based on the electrical signals output from respective optical modules. When the receiver modules show the output thereof in a preset range, the bias current is kept unchanged, while, one receiver module shows the output out of the range, the bias current is incremented or decremented. When one receiver module shows the output out of the absolute maximum / minimum, the bias current is forced to the initial value.

An optical receiver with a simplified arrangement able to compensate the optical loss of the transmission medium is disclosed. The optical receiver of the invention includes an SOA in the front end thereof, an optical de-multiplexer, and a plurality of receiver modules that receives de-multiplexed light. The optical gain of the SOA is adjusted based on the electrical signals output from respective optical modules. When the receiver modules show the output thereof in a preset range, the bias current is kept unchanged, while, one receiver module shows the output out of the range, the bias current is incremented or decremented. When one receiver module shows the output out of the absolute maximum / minimum, the bias current is forced to the initial value.

A developer, which includes a base toner containing at least a binding resin and a coloring agent; and inorganic fine particles; wherein the base toner satisfies 105<=SF-1<==130 and 12<=SF-2<=180, wherein SF-1=((absolute maximum length of a particle of the base toner) 2 / area of the particle of the base toner)x(pi / 4)x100, wherein SF-2=(peripheral length of the particle of the base toner) 2 / (area of the base toner)x( 1 / 4 pi)x100, wherein the inorganic fine particles have an average particle diameter that ranges between 30 nm to 160 nm.

The present invention provides a one-component development type developing apparatus including a rotatable electrostatic latent image holding member 1 on the surface of which an electrostatic latent image is formed, and using a toner 4 for rendering the electrostatic latent image visible, wherein when the shape factor SF-1 of a toner fine particle is expressed by: SF-1=(M2 / A)×(π / 4)×100 where A is the projected area of the fine particle and M is the absolute maximum length of the fine particle, then the shape factor SF-1 of the toner 4 is at least 100 and at most 140, and the developing apparatus includes: a toner holding member 3 that is formed from a silicone rubber elastic material and that is for holding the toner 4 and transporting it to the electrostatic latent image holding member 1; a toner layer regulating member 9 for forming the toner on the toner holding member 3 into a thin layer; and a toner supply member 5 that is formed from a silicone rubber foam and that rotates, in a position opposed to the toner holding member 3, in a direction opposite to that of the toner holding member 3, and an AC electric field is formed between the toner holding member 3 and the toner supply member 5.

A high voltage reset circuit with blooming control that increases the dynamic range of a CMOS image sensor and prevents blooming from occurring in output images. The circuit includes a high voltage supply circuit and a high voltage level shifter circuit. The high voltage supply circuit is configured to supply a voltage to the shifter circuit. The voltage has a voltage level higher than the absolute maximum voltage of the associated fabrication process. The shifter circuit is configured to output a high reset signal based on a reset signal generated to reset a pixel circuit of a pixel array. Instead of the reset signal, the high reset signal is coupled to a gate of the reset transistor in the pixel circuit. The high reset signal allows the reset transistor to maintain a gate to source potential less than the absolute maximum voltage even when the high reset signal is greater than the absolute maximum voltage. The high voltage level shifter circuit includes a high voltage inverter arranged to raise the low level of the high reset signal by a predetermined voltage and to control the rising and falling edges of the RESETH signal. This prevents a photodiode in the pixel circuit from becoming forward biased and prevents blooming from occurring within the image sensor.

A field programmable gate array, an access lead network coupled to the FPGA, and a plurality of memories electrically coupled to the access lead network. The FPGA, access lead network, and plurality of memories are arranged and configured to operate with a variable word width, namely with a word width between 1 and a maximum number of bits. The absolute maximum word width may be as large as m.times.N where m is the number of word width bits per memory chip and N is the number of memory chips.

The invention belongs to the technical field of structure health monitoring and provides a method for automatically testing the free vibration response data segment after a train passes a high-speed railway bridge. Firstly, to-be-analyzed test response is determined according to the maximum value of the time point where the absolute maximum value of each test point vibration response vector is located; then single frequency modal response is extracted from the test response by using iterative variation mode analysis, the envelope amplitude of the modal response is fit by using the Hilbert transform; finally, the vibration characteristic at each time point is marked as attenuation vibration or non-attenuation vibration according to the single frequency free vibration amplitude attenuation characteristic, and a longest structural response data segment meeting the attenuation vibration requirement is taken as detection free vibration response to be applied to mode recognition. According to the method for automatically detecting the free vibration response of the high-speed railway bridge to recognize the mode, effective detection of the free vibration data segment without human participation can be realized, and the method has important signification to real-time accurate mode analysis of the high-speed railway bridge.

A Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcasting (DTMB)-based carrier mode detection system includes first and second TPS decoders, first and second carrier calculators and a determinator. The first and second TPS decoders respectively receive NTPS input signals to thereby produce the corresponding NTPS mask signals and to respectively perform an absolute operation on the corresponding NTPS mask signals to accordingly select a maximum result as first and second absolute maximum mask signals for output. The first and second carrier calculators respectively receive NCS input signals and produce first and second absolute summation carrier signals. The determinator is based on the first absolute maximum mask signal, the first absolute summation carrier signal, the second absolute maximum mask signal and the second absolute summation carrier signal to accordingly determine that the carrier mode is of a multi- or single-carrier mode.

Methods and apparatuses are used for optically measuring by interferometry the thickness (T) of an object (2) such as a slice of semiconductor material. Readings of the object thickness by optical interferometry are carried out, rough thickness values (RTW) are obtained and frequencies, indicating how often the rough thickness values occur, are evaluated. A limited set of adjacent rough thickness values whose frequency integration or summation represents an absolute maximum is identified, and the actual value of the thickness of the object is determined as a function of the rough thickness values belonging to said limited set of values. The rough thickness values can be divided up into classes (C) with corresponding frequencies (F), and in this case, a preponderant group (Gmax) of thickness classes is identified as the above-mentioned limited set of adjacent rough thickness. A lower reject threshold (Rmin) and a higher reject threshold (Rmax) that define a searching interval including the actual value of the object thickness are also determined, and all the rough thickness values that are outside the searching interval are eliminated from further processing. When measuring the object during a surface machining, the reject thresholds are progressively and automatically updated as a function of a gradual thickness reduction that the object undergoes.

An aluminum alloy plate for a magnetic disk, according to the present invention, is characterized in: containing 3.5 to 5.5 percent by mass of Mg; restricting Fe to less than or equal to 0.025 percent by mass; restricting Si to less than or equal to 0.020 percent by mass; containing 0.010 to 0.20 percent by mass of Cr; containing 0.010 to 0.1 percent by mass of Cu and / or 0.05 to 0.4 percent by mass of Zn; additionally restricting Mn to less than or equal to 0.005 percent by mass and Ni to less than or equal to 0.001 percent by mass; the balance being Al and incidental impurities; the elemental composition ratio of Mn to Fe within an Al-Fe-Mn-based intermetallic compound being less than or equal to 0.50; the elemental composition ratio of Ni to Fe within an Al-Fe-Ni-based intermetallic compound being less than or equal to 0.20; and the absolute maximum length of an Al-Fe-based intermetallic compound being less than or equal to 10 [mu]m. Therefore, for the aluminum alloy plate for a magnetic disk, micro-plating defects are less likely to occur even if acid etching processing for plating pre-treatment is performed using weak conditions.

A method, computer program product, and data processing system for managing a input / output buffer cache for prevention of deadlocks are disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, automatic buffer cache resizing is performed whenever the number of free buffers in the buffer cache diminishes to below a pre-defined threshold. This resizing adds a pre-defined number of additional buffers to the buffer cache, up to a pre-defined absolute maximum buffer cache size. To prevent deadlocks, an absolute minimum number of free buffers are reserved to ensure that sufficient free buffers for performing a buffer cache resize are always available. In the event that the buffer cache becomes congested and cannot be resized further, threads whose buffer demands cannot be immediately satisfied are blocked until sufficient free buffers become available.

The invention relates to an automatic focusing method and an image capturing system. The automatic focusing method comprises the following steps of: focusing in a first movement interval of a focusing mode by using a focusing lens, and recording a plurality of first focusing positions and a plurality of corresponding first focusing data; then judging whether an absolute maximum value exists in the first focusing data; if not, determining a second movement interval, and enabling the focusing lens to focus in the second movement interval to obtain a plurality of second focusing data; and determining the absolute maximum value according to the second focusing data, and enabling a second focusing position corresponding to the absolute maximum value to be an automatic focusing position.

The invention relates to a toner, a development agent, a toner container, and an image forming apparatus for electrophotography. Provided is a toner that is endurable to an external force, does not disengage with, move or bury an external additive, has excellent heat preservation and fixation performance, can inhibit changes in characteristics such as charge amount, mobility, agglutination degree and inhibit image quality degradation, a development agent using the toner, a development agent container, and an image forming apparatus. The toner is composed of a mother toner particle containing a binder resin and a coloring agent, and an external additive to cover the mother toner particle, wherein the external additive contains a resin particle which has an outer shell layer formed of silica or modified silica; the resin particle has a non-spherical form with a shape factor (SF) of 1.20 or greater as calculated by the following formula (I): Shape factor(SF)=[(Absolute maximum length of particle)2 / Projected area of particle)]([pi] / 4).

A field programmable gate array, an access lead network coupled to the FPGA, and a plurality of memories electrically coupled to the access lead network. The FPGA, access lead network, and plurality of memories are arranged and configured to operate with a variable word width, namely with a word width between 1 and a maximum number of bits. The absolute maximum word width may be as large as m.times.N where m is the number of word width bits per memory chip and N is the number of memory chips.

A method, computer program product, and data processing system for managing a input / output buffer cache for prevention of deadlocks are disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, automatic buffer cache resizing is performed whenever the number of free buffers in the buffer cache diminishes to below a pre-defined threshold. This resizing adds a pre-defined number of additional buffers to the buffer cache, up to a pre-defined absolute maximum buffer cache size. To prevent deadlocks, an absolute minimum number of free buffers are reserved to ensure that sufficient free buffers for performing a buffer cache resize are always available. In the event that the buffer cache becomes congested and cannot be resized further, threads whose buffer demands cannot be immediately satisfied are blocked until sufficient free buffers become available.

A method of determining the location in time of maxima and / or minima of an oscillatory signal. The method may have application to measurement of biological signals, in particular measurement of heart rate from a pulsatile blood signal. The method includes a first stage including the steps of observation over a measurement period, identifying large local maxima or minima and computing an average interval between the identified local maxima or minima. One or more exclusion periods are located in time in the oscillatory signal, having a duration dependent on the average interval, the exclusion periods used to reject false maxima or minima. Maxima or minima may also be detected as an absolute maximum or minimum between crossing points of a fast and a slow moving average of the oscillatory signal. An exclusion period may also be used to reject false maxima or minima when crossing points are used. Apparatus for performing the method is also claimed.

An optical receiver with a simplified arrangement able to compensate the optical loss of the transmission medium is disclosed. The optical receiver of the invention includes an SOA in the front end thereof, an optical de-multiplexer, and a plurality of receiver modules that receives de-multiplexed light. The optical gain of the SOA is adjusted based on the electrical signals output from respective optical modules. When the receiver modules show the output thereof in a preset range, the bias current is kept unchanged, while, one receiver module shows the output out of the range, the bias current is incremented or decremented. When one receiver module shows the output out of the absolute maximum / minimum, the bias current is forced to the initial value.

Two methods for determining a best initial heading estimate for use in an AINS system, while recording position data values and in-motion data values, assigning incremental changes to indexed heading ψk, calculating a set of time indexed present AINS position values and a corresponding set of time indexed absolute horizontal position measurement residual values, recording the absolute maximum time indexed horizontal position measurement residual and the corresponding value of ψk returning to the step of assigning an incremental increase to a next value to indexed heading ψk up to 360 degrees, identifying the maximum time indexed horizontal position measurement residual and corresponding ψk, followed by identifying the ψk having the smallest absolute maximum horizontal position measurement residual as Ak Second method uses a circular array of AINS ENGINES each with a different ψk running in parallel and finding smallest horizontal position measurement residual for Ak.

A light-emitting semiconductor component comprising a substrate which has a first interface between a first and a second silicon layer, whose lattice structures which are considered as ideal are rotated relative to each other through a twist angle about a first axis perpendicular to the substrate surface and are tilted through a tilt angle about a second axis parallel to the substrate surface, in such a way that a dislocation network is present in the region of the interface, wherein the twist angle and the tilt angle are so selected that an electroluminescence spectrum of the semiconductor component has an absolute maximum of the emitted light intensity at either 1.3 micrometers light wavelength or 1.55 micrometers light wavelength.