248 results about "Active feedback" patented technology

A temperature monitoring device and / or method which control the tissue temperature at the end-effector of a therapeutic ultrasonic cutting and coagulating instrument as the tissue is being heated with ultrasonic vibrations from the end-effector. One or more temperature sensors are located at the end-effector, preferably on a clamping member. The temperature sensors measure the temperature of the tissue engaged by the end-effector either directly or indirectly. An alternate method and apparatus provides an electrical tissue impedance measure in combination with an ultrasonic cutting and coagulating instrument to provide active feedback control of an ultrasonic generator.

A premixed charge compression ignition engine, and a control system, is provided which effectively initiates combustion by compression ignition and maintains stable combustion while achieving extremely low nitrous oxide emissions, good overall efficiency and acceptable combustion noise and cylinder pressures. The present engine and control system effectively controls the combustion history, that is, the time at which combustion occurs, the rate of combustion, the duration of combustion and / or the completeness of combustion, by controlling the operation of certain control variables providing temperature control, pressure control, control of the mixture's autoignition properties and equivalence ratio control. The combustion control system provides active feedback control of the combustion event and includes a sensor, e.g. pressure sensor, for detecting an engine operating condition indicative of the combustion history, e.g. the start of combustion, and generating an associated engine operating condition signal. A processor receives the signal and generates control signals based on the engine operating condition signal for controlling various engine components to control the temperature, pressure, equivalence ratio and / or autoignition properties so as to variably control the combustion history of future combustion events to achieve stable, low emission combustion in each cylinder and combustion balancing between the cylinders.

A gas discharge laser crystallization apparatus and method for performing a transformation of a crystal makeup or orientation in a film on a workpiece is disclosed, which may comprise a master oscillator power amplifier MOPA or power oscillator power amplifier configured XeF laser system producing a laser output light pulse beam at a high repetition rate and high power with a pulse to pulse dose control; an optical system producing an elongated thin pulsed working beam from the laser output light pulse beam. The apparatus may further comprise the laser system is configured as a POPA laser system and further comprising: relay optics operative to direct a first output laser light pulse beam from a first laser PO unit into a second laser PA unit; and, a timing and control module timing the creation of a gas discharge in the first and second laser units within plus or minus 3 ns, to produce the a second laser output light pulse beam as an amplification of the first laser output light pulse beam. The system may comprise divergence control in the oscillator laser unit. Divergence control may comprise an unstable resonator arrangement. The system may further comprise a beam pointing control mechanism intermediate the laser and the workpiece and a beam position control mechanism intermediate the laser and the workpiece. Beam parameter metrology may provide active feedback control to the beam pointing mechanism and active feedback control to the beam position control mechanism.

A heat-transfer device has a sealed vapor chamber with a phase-change fluid therein, and a thermoelectric cooling (TEC) element with a cooled side in thermal contact with the vapor chamber and a heated side in contact with heat-dissipation fins. The TEC element decreases the temperature of the vapor chamber and increases the temperature of the fins for improved efficiency. The vapor chamber is defined between concentrically positioned tubes, and a tunnel region is located within the inner tube. Additional TEC elements within the tunnel region further dissipate heat. In two-phase natural convection embodiments, TEC elements may further cool liquid returning to the heat source. Parallel heat dissipation paths may also be provided. In a two-phase forced convection embodiment, a TEC element may further cool liquid returning to the heat source, and additional TEC elements may be provided on the condenser. In some embodiments, active feedback controls the amount of energy transferred by a TEC element.

A gas discharge laser crystallization apparatus and method for performing a transformation of a crystal makeup or orientation in a film on a workpiece is disclosed, which may comprise a master oscillator power amplifier MOPA or power oscillator power amplifier configured XeF laser system producing a laser output light pulse beam at a high repetition rate and high power with a pulse to pulse dose control; an optical system producing an elongated thin pulsed working beam from the laser output light pulse beam. The apparatus may further comprise the laser system is configured as a POPA laser system and further comprising: relay optics operative to direct a first output laser light pulse beam from a first laser PO unit into a second laser PA unit; and, a timing and control module timing the creation of a gas discharge in the first and second laser units within plus or minus 3 ns, to produce the a second laser output light pulse beam as an amplification of the first laser output light pulse beam. The system may comprise divergence control in the oscillator laser unit. Divergence control may comprise an unstable resonator arrangement. The system may further comprise a beam pointing control mechanism intermediate the laser and the workpiece and a beam position control mechanism intermediate the laser and the workpiece. Beam parameter metrology may provide active feedback control to the beam pointing mechanism and active feedback control to the beam position control mechanism.

The color of an LED-based lamp can be tuned to a desired color or color temperature. The lamp can include two or more independently addressable groups of LEDs associated with different colors or color temperatures and a total-internal-reflection (TIR) color-mixing lens to produce light of a uniform color by mixing the light from the different groups of LEDs. The color of the output light is tuned by controllably dividing an input current among the groups of LEDs. Tuning can be performed once, e.g., during manufacture, and the lamp does not require active feedback components for maintaining color temperature.

A method (1200) of providing active user feedback in a graphic user interface is disclosed. The method comprises selecting (1206) a soft control currently displayed on the graphic user interface, said soft control enabling a change to be implemented, and displaying (1208) on said graphic user interface, only during said soft control selection, and dependent upon the selecting step (1206), a pop-up preview reflecting said change.

Novel systems of an evanescent microwave probe (EWP) are disclosed, which enable measurements of physical properties of a sample with enhanced sensitivity and resolution, simultaneously. In one embodiment, new shielding features are added to the probe (which may be of either a sharpened tip or loop configuration) to reduce the effects of residual far field radiation, while maintaining the probe section that extends beyond the shielding aperture of the resonator. To further increase the sensitivity of the instrument, an automatic gain-controlled active feedback loop system may be added to the probe resonator to form a self-oscillator. This new active circuit feature significantly increases the effective Q of the resonator probe, enhancing the sensitivity of both the frequency and Q measurement.

A flow cell is provided for the analysis and / or microscopy of liquid or gas samples on the nanometer to micron scale. The flow cell preferably includes a thin membrane that is transparent to electrons and / or photons, thereby enabling the penetration of electrons or photons into a liquid flowing through the cell. Trenches are provided on either side of the membrane, which advantageously minimize fluidic resistance outside of the window area of the cell and also enable a faster response time in response to changes in external fluidic pressure. This feature enables active feedback using pathlength sensitive probes to stabilize the fluid flow to thin streams from nanometer to micron scale thicknesses with nanometer precision.

The color of an LED-based lamp can be tuned to a desired color or color temperature. The lamp can include two or more independently addressable groups of LEDs associated with different colors or color temperatures and a total-internal-reflection (TIR) color-mixing lens to produce light of a uniform color by mixing the light from the different groups of LEDs. The color of the output light is tuned by controllably dividing an input current among the groups of LEDs. Tuning can be performed once, e.g., during manufacture, and the lamp does not require active feedback components for maintaining color temperature.

The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for controlling a Q-factor for a filter. The method comprises stabilizing an active feedback to provide a variable feedback in a filter, varying the active feedback based on an input signal to the filter, and producing a desired Q-factor for the filter at a first frequency band, in response to the variable feedback. The method further comprises reconfiguring a center frequency and a bandwidth of the filter based on a channel bandwidth of the input signal to the filter to adjust the Q-factor for the filter in response to a second frequency band different than the first frequency band. By reconfiguring a center frequency and a bandwidth of a filter, the Q-factor for the filter, such as a flexible or reconfigurable filter, may be controlled across a multiplicity of frequency band signals. Using software, for example, a common signal path may be provided for the multiplicity of frequency band signals within a frequency agile radio of a base station by tuning the radio based on a variable feedback through realization of a negative parallel resistance. Thus, tuneability of the Q-factor may provide frequency agile radios that include flexible or reconfigurable filters in a base station to serve different frequency bands without changing hardware. In this way, significant savings associated with frequency agility may be obtained.

System and method for producing fluids from a hydrocarbon reservoir where an injector well segment and parallel underlying producer well segment are both completed with slotted liners. The injector and producer segments are logically partitioned into corresponding sections to define a plurality of injector-producer section pairs. Injection tubing strings supply stimulating fluid (e.g., saturated steam) to associated sections of the injector segment for injection into the hydrocarbon reservoir. Surface-located control devices control the pressure of the stimulating fluid flowing through the respective injection tubing strings. Production tubing strings (with the aid of artificial lift) carry fluids produced from associated sections of the producer segment. A plurality of controllers is provided for the injector-producer section pairs to control at least one process variable (e.g., interwell subcool temperature) associated with respective injector-producer section pairs over time by adjusting control variables that dictate operation of the control devices for the injection tubing strings.

A charge pump circuit utilizes active feedback control circuits to control the currents produced by sinking and sourcing current sources. The feedback control circuits may regulate the drain voltages of sinking and sourcing current source transistors to make them approximately equal to respective reference voltages received by the feedback control circuits. The charge pump circuit may utilize multiple supply voltages, with a higher supply voltage such as a 3.3 V supply voltage being used to drive current source transistors, and a lower supply voltage such as a 1.8 V supply voltage being used to drive switches in a switching section.

Disclosed are methods, apparatus, systems, processes and other inventions relating to: ion sources with controlled electro-pneumatic superposition, ion source synchronized to RF multipole, ion source with charge injection, optimized control in active feedback system, radiation supported charge-injection liquid spray, ion source with controlled liquid injection as well as various embodiments and combinations of each of the foregoing.

In hydroforming of hollow metal articles in a die, such as pressure-ram-forming procedures, a method of decreasing cycle time of the forming process, while ensuring acceptable product properties and avoiding failures, by modeling the process using finite element analysis to establish a pressure-time history that optimizes the forming operation and applies failure limits to selected variables such as minimum wall thickness or maximum strain rate, and transferring this pressure-time history to a computer controlling the forming process. Thermocouple and / or continuity sensors are incorporated into the die wall and connected to the computer so as to provide active feedback from the die to the control of the process.

An inrush circuit for electronic devices is particularly useful for point-of-sale printers. The circuit applies an active feedback-controlled voltage ramp to a bulk capacitor by means of a P-channel field effect transistor that is operated linearly after a controlled delay for contact bounce.

An input device (1, 25) for a user interface comprises means to monitor movement of a user by mapping and recording deformations of their skin. The input device (1, 25) comprises conformable / reversibly stretchable material for placement onto the skin of a user. A plurality of sensors (30) are mounted on, or embedded in, the stretchable material and arranged to undergo, and track in-plane and out-of-plane deformations corresponding to stretching and flexure of the underlying skin. A signal for controlling another device (26) is then generated, based on the detected movement, gesture or positioning of the user based on the detected deformations. In wearable electronics applications, the other device may be mounted on the same stretchable material. The sensors (30) may be arranged to provideactive feedback, by selectively applying vibrations or pressure to the user's skin.

The invention discloses a distributed system for multimedia trans-coding, which comprises a user terminal, trans-coding servers and a dispatch server, wherein each trans-coding server consists of an active feedback module for feeding back operation state information thereof to the dispatch server in real time, and a trans-coding processing module for executing the trans-coding processing in a corresponding format according to a trans-coding task distributed by the dispatch server and returning executive results of the trans-coding task to the dispatch server; the dispatch server is composed of a register module for registering information of the trans-coding servers in a system, a user side interface module for receiving a trans-coding task request submitted by the user terminal and transmitting the executive results of the trans-coding task to the user terminal, a configuration module for configuring transmission parameters to the trans-coding task request, and a task distributing module for distributing trans-coding tasks to the corresponding trans-coding servers based on the transmission parameters and the operation state information feedback by the trans-coding server, whereinthe transmission parameters include priority parameters. The distributed system can ensure that the distribution of the trans-coding task is more efficient and reasonable, and saves system resources.

In hydroforming of hollow metal articles in a die, such as pressure-ram-forming procedures, a method of decreasing cycle time of the forming process, while ensuring acceptable product properties and avoiding failures, by modeling the process using finite element analysis to establish a pressure-time history that optimizes the forming operation and applies failure limits to selected variables such as minimum wall thickness or maximum strain rate, and transferring this pressure-time history to a computer controlling the forming process. Thermocouple and / or continuity sensors are incorporated into the die wall and connected to the computer so as to provide active feedback from the die to the control of the process.

Aspects of a method and system for precise current matching in deep sub-micron technology may include adjusting a current mirror to compensate for MOSFET gate leakage currents by using feedback circuits. The feedback circuits may be implemented from active components to create active feedback circuits. If the reference current to be mirrored is noisy, a smoothing effect may be achieved by introducing a low-pass filter coupled to the current mirror design. The active feedback may comprise amplifiers, which may comprise one or more amplifier stages. The amplifier may amplify either a bias voltage error or a bias current error. Furthermore, a transimpedance amplifier may be utilized in the feedback loop. The output bias current of the current mirror may be stabilized dynamically during adjusting. Multiple current sources may be utilized in the current mirrors.

The invention provides an active vibration damping system based on absolute displacement feedback and used for realizing active vibration damping on a load. The active vibration damping system comprises at least three vibration damping units used for realizing six degree-of-freedom active vibration damping on the load, wherein each vibration damping unit is provided with an absolute displacement measuring device, and the absolute displacement measuring device is used for detecting the absolute displacement of the load in real time; and a vibration damping control unit is respectively connected with the at least three vibration damping units, and the vibration damping control unit realizes active feedback control according to the absolute displacement. The vibration damping system based on the absolute displacement feedback has the following advantages: an air spring and a linear actuator work together to carry out active vibration damping, and the absolute displacement feedback technique is adopted to effectively improve the vibration damping performance of the vibration damping system, effectively increase position loop bandwidth of the vibration damping system and enhance the positional stability of the vibration damping system; and the active vibration damping system is convenient to use, small in size and lower in cost.

The embodiment of the invention provides a training method and device of a question-answer pair classification model. The method comprises the steps of obtaining question-answer pair data; extracting question-answer pair characteristics from the question-answer pair data; labeling a classification tag on the question-answer pair data according to the quality of the question-answer pair data; training the question-answer pair classification model through the question-answer pair characteristics and the classification tag. The quality of the question-answer pair data is adopted to automatically label a large quantity of training sets, the question-answer pair classification model is classified, that is, to predict the quality score, the artificial strategy is avoided, thus the problems that feature information adopted in the artificial strategy is few, the active feedback rate of a user is low, the subjective judgment of a quizzer is depended on, the cheating phenomenon in the advertisement is serious, and the strategy is unstable caused when the feedback information of the user to new question-answer pair data and historical question-answer pair data is imbalanced are solved, and good forecast accuracy rates are obtained in both the historical question-answer pair data and the new question-answer pair data.

The present invention provides a premixed charge compression ignition engine and control system (10), which can effectively trigger combustion and maintain stable combustion by means of compression ignition, while achieving extremely low nitrogen oxide emissions, good overall efficiency and Acceptable combustion noise and cylinder pressure. The engine and control system (10) of the present invention can effectively control the combustion process by controlling certain control variables of temperature control, pressure control, mixture self-ignitability control and equivalence ratio control, that is, the time of combustion initiation, the combustion rate , duration of combustion and / or completeness of combustion. The combustion control system (10) provides active feedback control of combustion and includes a sensor for detecting engine operating conditions representative of a combustion process, such as ignition of combustion, and generating a corresponding engine operating condition signal (18) , such as the pressure sensor (16).

A fast reference circuit having active feedback includes a bias supply circuit and a variable divider circuit connected by an active feedback path to the bias supply circuit, and a comparator circuit connected to the variable divider circuit, the bias supply circuit, and a reference node of the variable divider circuit. In one embodiment, a start-up circuit initially discharges a potential at the bias supply and comparator circuits, then initializes a reference voltage at the reference node at about zero volts to improve repeatability. In one embodiment, the variable voltage divider comprises an impendence that is trimmed based on a sheet resistance of a process used to fabricate the fast reference circuit, and further comprises a variable reference current circuit coupled to the impedance and configured to generate a current having a value based on a desired reference voltage and to conduct the current through the impedance, thereby generating the reference voltage associated therewith. The comparator circuit is configured to compare the bias supply voltage to the reference voltage, and drive the bias supply and the variable divider circuit in response to the comparison, thereby quickly stabilizing the reference voltage.

The invention relates to the method for automatically aligning the optical wave guide part with the optical fiber array, including the coarse alignment, fine alignment and the equalization of energy in each channel. The mixed type algorithm for automatic alignment is adopted in the fine alignment. The procedure of the fine alignment is as follows: With relatively great scanning range and step size, using the numerical value plot mode alignment algorithm searches the position of the relative maximum value of energy in K channel further. With relatively small scanning range and step size, usingthe numerical value plot mode alignment algorithm searches the position of the final absolute maximum value of energy in K channel. Using the fast aligning method-the rotation method searches the maximum value of energy in J channel.

Aspects of a method and system for precise current matching in deep sub-micron technology may include adjusting a current mirror to compensate for MOSFET gate leakage currents by using feedback circuits. The feedback circuits may be implemented from active components to create active feedback circuits. If the reference current to be mirrored is noisy, a smoothing effect may be achieved by introducing a low-pass filter coupled to the current mirror design. The active feedback may comprise amplifiers, which may comprise one or more amplifier stages. The amplifier may amplify either a bias voltage error or a bias current error. Furthermore, a transimpedance amplifier may be utilized in the feedback loop. The output bias current of the current mirror may be stabilized dynamically during adjusting. Multiple current sources may be utilized in the current mirrors.

A method (1200) of providing active user feedback in a graphic user interface is disclosed. The method comprises selecting (1206) a soft control currently displayed on the graphic user interface, said soft control enabling a change to be implemented, and displaying (1208) on said graphic user interface, only during said soft control selection, and dependent upon the selecting step (1206), a pop-up preview reflecting said change.

Systems for active feedback and control of the steering response in a vehicle. More particularly, torque sensor based steering response systems for vehicles which allow for distinctive and customized driving feel characteristics through improved feedback of tire-surface interactions. The systems of the invention automatically translate the torque exerted on the vehicle wheels to a torque exerted on the vehicle steering wheel, achieving a human perception of a steering response as desired by the driver or as desired by the manufacturer. New advances in torque sensing based on surface acoustic waves enhance the active feedback systems of the invention with improved accuracy and reliability.

A process for providing a fuel supplied to one or more combustors in a gas turbine engine system, comprising: reforming a fraction of the fuel in one or more fuel circuits of the gas turbine combustion system with a plasma reformer system to form at least one of hydrogen and higher order hydrocarbons to be supplied to the one or more combustors with a remaining fraction of the fuel; and controlling at least one of power and fuel flow to the plasma reformer system with an active feedback control system.