The invention relates to a high/low temperature space environment simulating container with a high temperature change rate, comprising a main cabin body, a cabin door, a head sink arranged in the main cabin body, a door sealing structure for connecting the main cabin body and the cabin door, an insulating channel passing through the main cabin body, a sample carrier table, a high/low temperature camera assembly, a high/low temperature fluid stirrer, a temperature measuring system, a pressure measuring system and a vacuumizing structure. A non-high-vacuum environment is formed in the container and is filled with helium; besides radiative heat transfer same as the heat transfer manner of a heat vacuum tank, natural convection heat transfer, even forced convection heat transfer, is added in the cabin, so heat transfer speed is increased greatly, a high/low temperature environment (68K-373K) with a high temperature change rate and even temperature is provided to a sample to be measured. The high/low temperature space environment simulating container is stable, safe and reliable to work.