2454results about "Modifications for power electronics" patented technology

The invention discloses a heat dissipation control method and system for stable operation of a photovoltaic inverter, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic inverter control, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the multi-source data of heat dissipation equipment and elements in the use of the photovoltaic inverter; constructing a feature relation model and an LSTM neural network prediction model based on data acquisition; and through the constructed feature relation model and the LSTM neural network prediction model, analysis is carried out to compare different levels of heat dissipation power with the inverter efficiency improvement degree under different environment temperatures and power levels, a predicted temperature is formed, risk levels are divided, and the optimal heat dissipation level is determined. According to the method, the predicted temperature is graded by utilizing synchronous acquisition of multi-source data and constructing the feature relation model and the LSTM neural network prediction model, and the multi-mode heat dissipation strategy is formulated, so that the heat dissipation strategy is adaptively adjusted according to the state of the photovoltaic inverter to perform adaptive heat dissipation, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved. And the heat dissipation effect of the photovoltaic inverter is further improved.

The invention discloses an operation condition optimization method and system of a charging facility liquid cooling system, and relates to the technical field of data processing. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring charging load data of a plurality of heating devices in the liquid cooling system of the charging facility and environment temperature data of the environment; determining a target cooling liquid flow of the heating device based on a load voltage and a load current in the charging load data, and determining a target cooling liquid temperature of the heating device based on the environment temperature data; receiving the charging temperature of each heating device; and correspondingly adjusting the pump speed of a circulating pump in the liquid cooling system of the charging facility and the rotating speed of a radiator fan of each heating device by combining the target cooling liquid flow and the target cooling liquid temperature of each heating device, so as to cool each heating device until the charging temperature of each heating device is within a preset charging temperature range. By implementing the technical scheme provided by the invention, the effect of improving the liquid cooling efficiency of the liquid cooling system based on the charging facility is achieved.

The invention discloses a heat dissipation optimization method and system for a power device based on heat flow path reconstruction, and aims to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the power device in the working process and reduce the adverse effect of thermal stress on the performance and service life of the device. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring real-time temperature field distribution data of a target power module during the working period of a power device, and determining an initial heat flow path of the module based on the data; performing heat sensitivity analysis on each component in the target power module; identifying a heat flow shielding area according to the heat sensitive data, and reconstructing the initial heat flow path on this basis to generate an optimized heat flow path; and finally, an efficient heat dissipation channel is constructed according to the optimized heat flow path, so that effective heat dissipation optimization of the power device is realized. The method can dynamically identify the thermal bottleneck and actively optimize the heat dissipation path, is suitable for thermal management design of high-power-density electronic equipment, and has high engineering practical value.

The invention relates to the technical field of adaptive control, in particular to an adaptive control method and system for a power conversion system driven by a multi-mode neural network. The method comprises the following steps: extracting a high-order transient feature vector of a load path and a high-order transient feature vector of a voltage path based on a dual-path nonlinear coupling model, and jointly inputting the high-order transient feature vector and the high-order transient feature vector into a multi-modal neural network in combination with an aging index of a power supply for feature fusion to generate an initial switching frequency demand currently required by the power supply; evaluating the heat dissipation capability, inputting the heat dissipation capability into a preset heat dissipation capability three-state model to determine a heat dissipation state, performing temperature compensation and amplitude limiting processing on the initial switching frequency demand, and outputting the corrected switching frequency demand; according to the method and system, the frequency range can be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time heat dissipation capacity, overheating is avoided when heat dissipation is insufficient, efficient operation is kept when heat dissipation is sufficient, the magnetic saturation risk can be restrained in an emergency state, and frequency out-of-control is avoided.

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, and provides an energy storage converter which is at least beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the energy storage converter. The energy storage converter comprises a box body, a partition plate, a radiator and a fan assembly, and the first partition plate divides a high-voltage area of the box body into an upper-layer high-voltage area and a lower-layer high-voltage area which are arranged up and down; the second partition plate and the third partition plate divide the low-voltage area of the box body into an upper-layer low-voltage area, a middle-layer low-voltage area and a lower-layer low-voltage area which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the radiator is located between the lower-layer low-voltage area and the lower-layer high-voltage The fan assembly is located in the lower-layer high-voltage area. Cooling air passes through the radiator from the air inlet to the lower-layer low-pressure area through the fan assembly and then is exhausted from the air outlet, so that a first air flow channel is formed; a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the side, close to the radiator, of the first partition plate, and cooling air flows to the middle-layer low-pressure area from the air inlet through the fan assembly and the ventilation holes to form a second air flow channel; the air flow rate of the first air flow channel is larger than that of the second air flow channel.

The embodiments of the present disclosure involve the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and disclose an unmanned aerial vehicle base station and an unmanned aerial vehicle system. The unmanned aerial vehicle base station includes a bracket, a tarmac, a charging component, and a temperature adjusting component. The bracket is provided with an accommodating cavity, the tarmac separates the accommodating cavity into an upper compartment chamber and a lower compartment chamber, the temperature adjusting component includes a semiconductor module, a first ventilation assembly, a second ventilation assembly, and a third ventilation assembly, and the semiconductor module is partially provided on the first ventilation assembly and partially provided on the second ventilation assembly.

The invention discloses a fan cooling system, a control method and an inverter. The fan cooling system comprises a fan assembly, a controller, a power source, a radiator, a shell, a temperature monitoring module and a cover body. The rotating direction of the fan is changed in a specific mode, forward rotation and reverse rotation of the fan are achieved, accordingly, the airflow direction is changed, dust and sundries on the fan and the radiator can be automatically cleaned, the normal working time of a heat dissipation system is prolonged, the manual maintenance cost is reduced, and the product reliability is improved.

The invention provides an air-cooled energy storage converter and a converter unit. According to the air-cooled energy storage converter and the converter unit provided by the invention, on one hand, the flow direction of air can be controlled by optimizing the structural layout and the air duct structure, so that the smoothness of air flow and the high efficiency of cooling can be ensured, heat dissipation can be performed in a targeted manner, and the cooling efficiency can be improved under the condition that a fan is arranged in the converter unit; the air flows according to a set route, so that the purpose of heat dissipation is achieved, and the problem of an external fan or a plurality of internal fans is avoided; on the second aspect, different functional modules are installed at different positions, and heat dissipation paths of the power module and the reactor are separated, so that mutual interference of heat between different modules can be avoided, it is ensured that the heat cannot be gathered in the cabinet body, the overall heat dissipation efficiency can be improved, and the service life of the cabinet body is prolonged. And the special design of the air duct facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the air duct and the internal module, reduces the influence on the whole converter caused by the fault of a single module, and can improve the convenience of maintenance.

A bulk capacitor assembly for an inverter includes a stacked busbar, the stacked busbar including a first direct current (DC) busbar and a second DC busbar; one or more first capacitors on a first side of the stacked busbar, the one or more first capacitors electrically connected to the first DC busbar and the second DC busbar; and one or more second capacitors on a second side of the stacked busbar, the first side being opposite to the second side, the one or more second capacitors electrically connected to the first DC busbar and the second DC busbar.

The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a high-voltage frequency converter system. The high-voltage frequency converter system comprises a first filtering unit, a rectification and feedback unit, a direct-current bus unit, an inversion unit, a second filtering unit and a controller unit, and is configured to be connected between an input voltage end and an electric motor unit, wherein the first filtering unit is connected between the input voltage end and the rectification and feedback unit, comprises a filter and a common-mode reactor, and is configured to enable an input voltage to be adjusted to meet the standard that the voltage of the rectification and feedback unit meets; and the rectification and feedback unit is connected between the first filtering unit and the direct-current bus unit, comprises a bridge circuit consisting of an IGBT-based active front-end frequency converter, and is configured to execute conversion between an alternating-current voltage signal and a direct-current voltage signal.

The invention provides a distributed AC / DC uninterruptible power supply system, which comprises a PLC main control module and a power supply monitoring controller, the AC-DC rectifier module provides a main power supply for the system; the alternating-current and direct-current inverter is used for current conversion and providing an uninterrupted alternating-current power supply; the static switch performs power supply switching between the battery pack and the commercial power; the direct-current starting module activates a direct-current starting function and realizes alternating-current and direct-current uninterruptible power supply; the four-port isolation module realizes current single-phase flow of the battery pack and the intelligent charger; the battery management module is used for uninterruptedly supplying power; the intelligent heat dissipation module is used for automatically dissipating heat in a high-power operation state; and the human-computer interface and the configuration software are used for displaying the operation data and the operation state in real time and carrying out remote management. The battery pack is in an off-line mode; a high-speed switch is adopted for switching, a complete battery management system is adopted, the service life of a battery pack is prolonged, reliable alternating-current and direct-current uninterruptible power supply is achieved, faults are reduced, and intelligent power supply management is achieved.

The invention discloses an intelligent heat dissipation control method and system of a photovoltaic inverter, and relates to the technical field of heat dissipation control of photovoltaic inverters, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting the temperature of parts in the photovoltaic inverter and the temperature of the environment in the photovoltaic inverter through a temperature sensor, collecting an internal thermal imaging image, and carrying out the first screening processing; establishing a thermal imaging temperature correction model; performing temperature correction processing on the thermal imaging image in the photovoltaic inverter to obtain corrected thermal imaging temperature data; dynamically controlling a cooling fan of the photovoltaic inverter; the method is used for solving the problems that when heat dissipation control is carried out by measuring the internal temperature of the photovoltaic inverter in an existing photovoltaic inverter heat dissipation control technology, error correction cannot be carried out on a thermal imaging image through the thermal imaging image and a temperature sensor, accurate internal overall temperature information of the photovoltaic inverter cannot be obtained, and then heat dissipation control cannot be carried out.

The invention provides a power tube heat dissipation structure, a power supply device and a processing and assembling method.The heat dissipation structure comprises a PCB, a power tube attached to the PCB and a radiator corresponding to the heat dissipation face of the power tube, and one face, attached to the heat dissipation face of the power tube, of the radiator is provided with one or more cofferdam structures; a heat conduction interface material is arranged in an area defined by the cofferdam structure, and the heat dissipation face of the power tube is attached to the heat conduction interface material. The heat conduction insulating layer and the radiator are integrated, no extra insulating part needs to be installed, the manufacturing process is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved. And through the cofferdam structure arranged on the radiator, the heat conduction material is limited in the cofferdam, so that the problems of horizontal slippage, vertical flow and the like of the heat conduction material under the influence of temperature change and vibration factors are prevented, and the thermal reliability of the power supply device is improved.

A power supply device includes a control board disposed within the chassis. An input connector and an output connector are disposed within the chassis and are electrically connected to the control board. A fan module includes a fan frame and a fan connector disposed on the outer surface of the fan frame. A flexible printed circuit board includes a conducting section, a fan connecting section and a lighting connecting section. The conducting section is electrically connected to the control board, fan connecting section and the lighting connecting section. The fan connecting section is electrically connected to the fan connector. The light-guiding handle is coupled to the chassis and disposed on the lighting connecting section to face the light-guiding handle.

The invention discloses a protection device for a photovoltaic inverter, and relates to the technical field of inverters, the protection device comprises an inverter body, a display is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the inverter body, a plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed in the top surface of the inverter body, and a protection mechanism is arranged, so that a temperature sensor monitors the internal temperature of the inverter in real time; when the temperature exceeds a safety threshold value, a heat dissipation system is automatically started, equipment damage caused by overheating is effectively prevented, meanwhile, a smoke sensor can detect internal flames or smoke in time, a fire extinguishing system is automatically started, a fire source is rapidly isolated, carbon dioxide is released, and losses caused by fire disasters are reduced to the maximum extent; in addition, protection under severe weather conditions is also considered in the equipment, and the protection shell and the filter screen are arranged to ensure that rainwater and foreign matters cannot intrude into the inverter, so that the stable operation and the service life of the equipment are further guaranteed, and the safety and the reliability of the photovoltaic inverter in the operation process are remarkably improved.

The invention provides a photovoltaic inverter. The photovoltaic inverter comprises a shell, a circuit board and a power conversion circuit, wherein the circuit board and the power conversion circuit are located in the shell. The shell comprises a first containing cavity, a second containing cavity, a third containing cavity and a fourth containing cavity. The power conversion circuit comprises a first inductor, a bus capacitor and a second inductor which are sequentially connected in series. The bus capacitor is located in the third accommodating cavity. The first inductor and the second inductor are located in the fourth containing cavity. A terminal panel of the housing is provided with a DC input terminal and an AC output terminal. The DC input terminal extends into the first accommodating cavity and is electrically connected with the first inductor, and the AC output terminal extends into the second accommodating cavity and is electrically connected with the second inductor. When the photovoltaic inverter works, current sequentially passes through the direct-current input terminal, the first inductor, the bus capacitor, the second inductor and the alternating-current output terminal, so that the current forms an approximate C-shaped flowing path in the shell, electromagnetic interference between modules is reduced, and the electromagnetic compatibility and the working efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter with the inverted buckling type structure are improved.

The invention provides a cooperative distribution method, system and device for vehicle-mounted double-loop liquid cooling refrigerating capacity and a medium, and relates to the technical field of electric vehicle liquid cooling. Determining the confidence value of the refrigerating capacity in the battery cell cooling loop according to the thermal power net increment in the electric vehicle and the temperature distribution gradient in the battery cell; when the temperature of the power device in the power conversion module is larger than a preset safety threshold value, balance adjustment is conducted on the real-time refrigerating capacity of the power conversion module, and the balance characteristic of the refrigerating capacity in a cooling loop of the power conversion module is obtained; and the liquid cooling refrigerating capacity in the double cooling loops is cooperatively redistributed according to the balance characteristic of the refrigerating capacity in the cooling loops of the power conversion module and the confidence value of the refrigerating capacity in the battery cell cooling loops. Based on the scheme, balanced distribution of the refrigerating capacity between the battery cell cooling loop and the power conversion module cooling loop in the electric automobile can be achieved.

The present application relates to the field of heat dissipation units, and in particular to a power converter and energy storage system with an air-liquid composite heat dissipation unit. The power converter includes a housing, a power converter and an air-liquid composite heat dissipation unit. Among them, the power conversion circuit includes a circuit board and a power tube, the circuit board and the upper cover plate of the housing are stacked and arranged, and there is a gap for air circulation between the top of the circuit board and the upper cover plate of the housing, and the power tube is located between the bottom of the circuit board and the lower cover plate of the housing. The air-liquid composite heat dissipation unit includes a fan and a cold plate, the cold plate is fitted with the side of the power tube, the fan is arranged between the bottom of the circuit board and the lower cover plate of the housing, and there is a gap for air circulation between the fan and the side plate of the housing. The power converter with an air-liquid composite heat dissipation unit disclosed in the present application dissipates heat for power tubes with high heat dissipation requirements through a cold plate, and dissipates heat for air in the equipment through a fan, which helps to improve heat dissipation efficiency and reduce heat dissipation costs.

A power conversion apparatus is disclosed. The power conversion apparatus according to one aspect of the present disclosure may include: a housing including an upper part, a lower part disposed in parallel with the upper part, a first side part connecting the upper part with the lower part, and a second side part disposed in parallel with the first side part; a plurality of transistors disposed adjacent to the first side part inside the housing; a heat sink disposed on one side of the plurality of transistors and providing a passage through which air introduced from the outside moves; and a plurality of capacitors disposed in front of the heat sink, wherein the plurality of capacitors may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other so that air introduced from the outside of the housing moves to the heat sink.

The invention provides a heat dissipation system and energy storage equipment, and belongs to the technical field of heat dissipation. The heat dissipation system comprises a first air duct structure and a second air duct structure, wherein the first air duct structure comprises first air duct paper with a first air cavity, a first air inlet and a first air outlet; the first air cavity is used for accommodating part of a first heating element; the second air duct structure comprises second air duct paper with a second air cavity, a second air inlet and a second air outlet, and the first air duct paper and the second air duct paper are arranged side by side; the second air cavity is used for containing a second heating piece, and the heating value of the second heating piece is smaller than that of the first heating piece. The air inlet fan is arranged at the first air inlet; the reversing fan is arranged at the downstream of the airflow direction of the first air cavity and the upstream of the airflow direction of the second air cavity; and the air outlet fan is arranged at the second air inlet, and the air outlet fan is used for introducing the air flow into the second air cavity and blowing the air flow out through the second air outlet. According to the invention, the uniformity of heat dissipation can be improved, and the aesthetic property of a corresponding product can be improved.

The present application provides a power supply module and an energy storage system. The power supply module comprises a housing, a connector, inductors, cold plates, and an air-liquid heat exchanger. In a first direction, the connector, the air-liquid heat exchanger, the cold plates, and the inductors are successively arranged inside the housing. The housing comprises a front plate and a rear plate, and the front plate and the rear plate are oppositely arranged in the first direction. In the first direction, the connector is arranged between the air-liquid heat exchanger and the front plate. The connector comprises a cold plate inlet, a heat exchanger inlet, a cold plate outlet, and a heat exchanger outlet. In a second direction, the cold plate inlet is arranged adjacent to the cold plate outlet, and the heat exchanger inlet is arranged adjacent to the heat exchanger outlet. In a third direction, one of the cold plate inlet and the cold plate outlet is arranged adjacent to the heat exchanger inlet, and the other of the cold plate inlet and the cold plate outlet is arranged adjacent to the heat exchanger outlet. The third direction, the second direction, and the first direction are perpendicular to one another. The power supply module of the present application has a small size and a good heat dissipation effect on various heating devices, and can reduce the heat dissipation cost.

Provided is a heat sink unit that is less likely to damage a package and has excellent handleability. The heat sink unit 1 includes a base 90, a cover 20, a first lever 80, a third lever 50, and a heat sink 30. The first lever 80 is rotatably held by the base 90, carries the heat sink 30 and a heat sink pedestal 40, and is hard stopped at the base 90 by an end portion of the first lever 80. The third lever 50 is rotatably held by the cover 20, is connected to the first lever 80 to open and close the same, and controls up-and-down movements of the heat sink pedestal 40 by a tip end of the third lever 50. The heat sink 30 is configured to press the IC package 100 with timing shifted by a long hole of the third lever 50 after the first lever 80 is hard stopped at the base 90.

The invention discloses an inverter power supply and a power supply method, and relates to the technical field of semiconductors, the inverter power supply comprises a casing, a power module is fixed in the casing, and the power module comprises a three-phase rectification circuit, an inverter circuit, a secondary rectification loop and an independent aluminum radiator; the aluminum radiator is fixed in the shell through an insulating bracket, and a copper plating layer is arranged on the aluminum radiator; the three-phase rectification circuit and the inversion circuit are indirectly welded and fixed on the copper plating layer through a DBC ceramic substrate, and each Frd chip of the secondary rectification loop is directly welded and fixed on the copper plating layer. According to the power module, the aluminum radiator is used as an indispensable component of the power module, the copper plating layer is arranged on the aluminum radiator, a circuit with large heat productivity is directly welded and fixed on the copper plating layer, and the aluminum radiator is used for conducting heat and electricity at the same time to carry out direct conduction of heat and direct transmission of electric energy. Therefore, the technical problem that the heat dissipation performance is still insufficient when an existing power module is applied to a high-power scene is solved.

The series-type charging and discharging device according to the present technology for charging and discharging a plurality of battery cells in series, includes trays, a cooling fan, a power source, a charging and discharging control board, and a control unit, and the charging and discharging control algorithm includes a first to N (N is an integer from 2 to 10) charging and discharging steps, and each charging and discharging step is configured to charge and discharge in a constant current mode, but characterized in with a stepwise decrease in the value of the charging and discharging current.

A variable frequency drive with natural heat dissipation, comprising a housing and a front cover, wherein a mounting pad is fixedly mounted in the housing, and a varistor, a rectifier module, a filter, and an inverter module are mounted in sequence on the mounting pad; an air intake cavity is provided in the mounting pad; exhaust holes are provided between the air intake cavity and the top of the mounting pad; air inducing cavities are provided inside both sides of the housing; a through groove is provided between the air intake cavity and each air inducing cavity; and an air inlet is provided between each air inducing cavity and the outer wall of the housing. Natural heat dissipation is achieved within the variable frequency drive through multiple aspects, such as optimizing the design of an air duct, enhancing the heat conduction effect and heat conduction efficiency, and improving the internal environment. By means of a local heat-absorbing assembly, when localized overheating occurs within the variable frequency drive, heat generated by an automatic local component can be rapidly absorbed, thereby providing effective protection for the internal structure.

A multi-level modular datacenter for data processing equipment comprising a lower containment unit configured to house at least one uninterruptible power supply unit, a power distribution cabinet system, and one upper porthole disposed on a roof surface of the lower containment unit; an upper containment unit aligned and vertically disposed directly above the lower containment unit, the upper containment unit configured to house a battery assembly, a transformer, and a one lower porthole disposed on a floor surface of the upper containment unit; an electrical distribution infrastructure comprising electrically-communicative cabling to service the lower and upper containment units and the components disposed therein; and at least one electric conduit component, disposed between the lower and upper containment units configured to be aligned with the upper portholes and the lower portholes to accommodate routing of the electrically-communicative cabling and piping between the lower and upper containment units.

The invention provides an energy storage converter and an energy storage device, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage. The converter adopts a hybrid multi-level topological structure and is formed by connecting a three-level neutral point clamping circuit and a modular multi-level sub-module in parallel, and further comprises a hierarchical coordination control strategy, an upper decision-making layer calculates the priority weight of a charging and discharging mode, and a lower execution layer adopts model prediction control to generate a switch sequence. The heat dissipation system is accurately regulated and controlled based on an IGBT junction temperature prediction model, and cooperates with a battery management system (BMS) for protection, so that rapid data interaction and rapid emergency response are realized. The energy storage device comprises the converter and a battery pack, the battery pack is divided into at least two independent clusters, and the SOC of the standby battery cluster is maintained within the range of + / -5% of the main battery cluster. Through an innovative topological structure, an intelligent control strategy and an efficient heat dissipation system, the problems of wide voltage input adaptation, dynamic performance optimization, heat dissipation management and the like are solved, the efficiency and reliability of an energy storage system are improved, and the service life of the energy storage system is prolonged.

First and second bases are arranged to face each other. An inverter is mounted on either of the first and second bases. A converter is mounted on the first base. A chopper is mounted on the second base. At least some of fins thermally connected to the converter via the first base are thermally connected to the chopper via the second base.

The invention relates to the technical field of motor control, and particularly discloses a motor controller, an electric drive assembly and a vehicle. The motor controller comprises a controller shell and an inverter brick assembly; the inverter brick assembly comprises a shell, a water cooling plate, a filtering assembly and a capacitor assembly, the shell is installed in the controller shell and comprises a first shell part and a second shell part, the second shell part is connected with the first shell part in the first direction, the first shell part is provided with a first containing cavity and a second containing cavity, and the second shell part is provided with a third containing cavity. Specifically, the first containing cavities and the third containing cavities are arranged at intervals in the first direction, and the first containing cavities and the second containing cavities are arranged at intervals in the second direction. The water cooling plate is arranged in the first accommodating cavity, one part of the filtering assembly and the capacitor assembly are integrally encapsulated in the second accommodating cavity, and the other part of the filtering assembly is independently encapsulated in the third accommodating cavity. The motor controller is small in size, and the production difficulty and cost can be reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of frequency converter heat dissipation, and discloses a generator set frequency converter heat dissipation structure which comprises a cabinet body, a sealing seat arranged at the top of the cabinet body, a detachable sealing cover arranged at the top of the sealing seat, a first convection window arranged at the top of the inner side wall of the cabinet body, and a second convection window arranged at the bottom of the inner side wall of the cabinet body. A detachable water-cooling heat exchanger or an air-cooling heat exchanger is arranged on the outer side wall of the cabinet body, a first convection cavity and a second convection cavity are formed in the positions, facing the outer side wall of the cabinet body, of the water-cooling heat exchanger and the air-cooling heat exchanger respectively, and the first convection window and the second convection window are communicated through the first convection cavity and the second convection cavity. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that the internal heat transfer medium does not need extra power, the heat dissipation efficiency is high, contact with cooling water can be avoided, the air tightness is good, invasion of salt mist or dust is reduced, fluorinated liquid is allowed to serve as the internal heat transfer medium, and the phase change latent heat of the fluorinated liquid can be used for coping with high-temperature transient loads.