1446 results about "Fresh water" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a saline-alkali soil treatment and improvement method which comprises the following steps: S1, early-stage investigation and planning; s2, physical improvement; s3, chemical improvement; s4, biological improvement; s5, irrigation improvement; s6, later monitoring and maintenance; according to the saline-alkali soil treatment and improvement method, a traditional single improvement mode is broken through, physical, chemical, biological and engineering technologies are fused, a systematic improvement scheme is formed, and physical improvement effectively improves the soil structure and accelerates salt discharge through land leveling, deep ploughing, upturned soil sunning and concealed pipe laying for drainage; a soil conditioner and an acidic material are precisely applied for chemical improvement, and the soil acidity and alkalinity and ion composition are adjusted; in biological improvement, salt is absorbed by virtue of salt-tolerant plants and microbial agents, and soil microbial communities are improved; a fresh water resource or salt water desalination technology is reasonably utilized for irrigation improvement, and salt leaching and water resource recycling are achieved; through the synergistic effect of multiple means, the salt content of soil can be more efficiently reduced, and the soil structure is improved.

The invention discloses a ship fuel cell cooling system energy efficiency management method based on deep reinforcement learning, and relates to the technical field of ship energy management, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a digital simulation model of a ship fuel cell cooling system, which is used for representing the dynamic characteristics of the cooling system under different working conditions; constructing a multi-time scale prediction and thermal load prediction model, and respectively outputting cooling system state and working condition prediction parameters and thermal load prediction parameters under different time scales; a reinforcement learning framework based on the dual deep Q network is built, a state space, an action space and a reward function are defined, and the state space comprises current state parameters of the cooling system and output parameters of all prediction models; the action space comprises seawater pump rotating speed, fresh water pump rotating speed and regulating valve opening; and an optimal control strategy is generated based on a training result of deep reinforcement learning, and global collaborative optimization operation of execution equipment of the cooling system is realized, so that the system energy efficiency and environmental adaptability are improved.

Device (300) for supplying a grey water tank (586) with fresh water from a fresh water connection (302), wherein the fresh water connection (302) has an outlet opening (316), characterized in that in the flow direction (S) of the fresh water, downstream of the fresh water connection (302), there is a fresh water tank (304) for temporarily storing the fresh water, which is connected to the fresh water connection (302).

The invention provides an island energy system optimization scheduling method considering ammonia-to-electricity waste heat power generation, and the method employs an independent island integrated energy system containing an ammonia-to-electricity system to execute a weekly-day-intra-day multi-stage operation optimization scheduling strategy, and the independent island integrated energy system is a system considering the ammonia supply demand. Wind energy and solar energy are used as energy input, energy is supplied to seawater desalination equipment and an electricity-to-ammonia system, and the electric load requirements of island residents are met; meanwhile, seawater desalination equipment is used as a power demand response resource to increase the water-energy coupling relationship of the system model, and cross-time storage and utilization of fresh water resources are realized through a reservoir, so that an ammonia-hydrogen power ship which is used for meeting daily travel demands of island residents is used as an ammonia load; an electricity-to-ammonia system and an ammonia storage tank are adopted to realize effective consumption of island wind and light resources; according to the invention, the long-period energy supply reliability of the island can be improved, and the problem of uncertainty of wind energy and light energy resources of the island can be effectively solved.

The invention provides a photovoltaic power generation and air water taking irrigation system, comprising: a photovoltaic power generation module for generating electric energy by using light energy; the gel adsorption module is connected with the photovoltaic power generation module and is used for adsorbing water vapor in air by using gel and driving the gel to desorb and release the water vapor by using waste heat generated by the photovoltaic power generation module; the condensation water collection module is connected with the gel adsorption module and is used for condensing the water vapor to obtain condensed water; the crop irrigation module is connected with the condensation water collection module and is used for irrigating crops by utilizing the collected condensate water; the soil detection module is connected with the crop irrigation module and used for controlling irrigation according to the detected crop root system soil humidity, collaborative production of water, electricity and crops can be achieved under the condition that no external input exists in the island reef environment, and the problems that in the island reef environment, fresh water is in shortage, electricity is insufficient, and self-sufficiency of agricultural production is difficult are solved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water desalination, and particularly relates to a bionic aloe evaporation and capture integrated all-weather water collecting device and a manufacturing method. The water collecting device comprises a base and a plurality of bionic units arranged on the base, and the bionic units are bionic aloe trees; the base is circular, the bionic units are circumferentially distributed around the circle center of the base, and at least two layers of bionic units are arranged; and the water collecting device is prepared from a hydrogel material. The base part of the device can utilize the photo-thermal characteristic of hydrogel in the daytime, and seawater evaporation can be carried out through sunlight; at night, mist catching can be carried out through the tip effect of the aloe form of the bionic unit, and water vapor in the air is collected. The whole device can play a role in the whole day and is not limited by the difference between the day and the night, and the fresh water collection efficiency is greatly improved.

The invention relates to an anti-offset wireless charging coupler for an underwater vehicle, which solves the problem that the multi-dimensional offset charging efficiency is reduced due to ocean current by adopting the collaborative design of a grouped serial-wound transmitting end and a geometric adaptive receiving end. The transmitting end is formed by connecting an outer ring winding and an inner ring winding in series, the outer ring provides wide-area magnetic field coverage, the inner ring strengthens the local magnetic field intensity, and the ferrite array is combined to suppress magnetic leakage to cope with horizontal and rotary offset; the receiving end adopts a curved surface type structure and fits the geometric contour of an aircraft shell, interference of a rotation offset delta phi on a magnetic field is limited through optimal design of a coverage angle theta, and magnetic flux is concentrated by a ferrite array on the back side to improve the coupling efficiency. The system does not need complex mechanical adjustment, realizes energy transmission through magnetic field coupling, keeps stable efficiency in seawater, fresh water and air environments, has the advantages of compact structure, high offset resistance, wide medium adaptability and high expandability, and remarkably improves the reliability and cruising ability of wireless charging of the underwater vehicle.

The invention discloses an island energy system opportunity constraint weekly optimization scheduling method and system, and the method comprises the steps: converting the opportunity constraint of the actual output of wind and light into a deterministic inequality constraint based on the prediction error probability distribution characteristics of wind power and photovoltaic; according to the obtained wind and light output constraint, a dynamic operation model is established, and waste heat output of the hydrogen fuel cell is coupled with an absorption refrigerator; with the purpose of minimizing the total operation cost of the system, combining the obtained deterministic inequality constraint and the dynamic operation model, defining the power balance constraint of electricity / heat / cold / fresh water, the hydrogen storage tank capacity constraint and the equipment climbing rate constraint, and constructing an optimization model; and solving the optimization model by adopting mixed integer programming to obtain an optimization scheduling scheme. The requirements of electricity, cold, heat and fresh water of an ocean island energy system are met, and meanwhile energy storage and cross-period utilization during wind and light resource enrichment are achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment and comprehensive utilization of water resources, and particularly relates to a reclaimed water reuse and rainwater collection and utilization system in an expressway service area. A sewage treatment, rainwater collection and water-saving irrigation integrated system is constructed, and the MBR process is emphatically applied to treat sewage. The system can effectively remove various pollutants in the sewage, so that the effluent reaches the reclaimed water reuse standard, and the sewage recycling is realized. Meanwhile, rainwater is efficiently collected and utilized, and the water demand of vegetation is accurately met in combination with an intelligent water-saving irrigation technology. The dependence of the service area on fresh water resources is reduced on the whole, the pollution of sewage discharge to the environment is reduced, the water resource management level is improved, remarkable economic, social and environmental benefits are achieved, and an innovative scheme is provided for sustainable utilization of the water resources in the small service area of the expressway.

The invention provides a reservoir pressure salinity scheduling method based on a physical information neural network (PINN). The reservoir pressure salinity scheduling method comprises the following steps: Step 1, salinity prediction based on a physical information neural network (PINN) model; the method comprises the following steps: in a PINN model framework, embedding a physical law of salinity conservation into a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) artificial neural network for training so as to carry out salinity prediction; step 2, establishing an estuary water-salt model based on a three-dimensional ocean numerical FVCOM model; step 3, carrying out upstream reservoir salty water pressing and light water supplementing emergency scheduling based on salinity forecast; comprising the following steps: Step3.1, establishing a multi-objective function; and Step3.2, solving a scheduling model. According to the method, the salinity momentum conservation constraint can be considered, the salinity prediction accuracy under the influence of different upstream flows and downstream tidal ranges can be improved, and the emergency scheduling of the reservoir for the salt tide invasion of the estuary drinking water source can be carried out in combination with the scheduling model, so that the water supply safety is ensured.

The multi-medium integrated titanium alloy plate-fin heat exchanger for the sea-land amphibious vehicle comprises a core body with a rectangular longitudinal section, the core body comprises a high-temperature fresh water module, a main transmission case oil module and an overwater transmission case oil module, the main transmission case oil module is communicated with the overwater transmission case oil module, and a hot side channel and a seawater channel are further arranged in the core body. The hot side channels and the seawater channels are arranged at intervals, seawater sealing strips are arranged on the boundaries of the seawater channels, a seawater inlet and a seawater outlet are formed in the two ends of the core body respectively and communicated with the seawater channels respectively, the overwater transmission case oil module is close to the seawater inlet, and the main transmission case oil module is close to the seawater outlet. According to the multi-medium integrated titanium alloy plate-fin heat exchanger for the sea-land amphibious vehicle, one heat exchanger is integrated, and the hot side channel and the seawater channel are arranged at intervals, so that the total mass of the heat exchanger and the space occupied by the heat exchanger in the vehicle body are greatly reduced, and multiple media can be cooled at the same time.

The invention relates to the technical field of coal chemical industry, in particular to a coal gasification black water circulation and black water waste heat recycling system and method. The coal gasification black water circulation and black water waste heat recycling system comprises a synthesis gas washing tower, a high-pressure flash tank, a low-pressure flash tank, a black water heat exchanger, a vacuum flash tank, a settling tank, a grey water tank, a low-pressure flash steam stripping tower and a high-pressure flash steam stripping tower. The coal gasification black water treated by the coal gasification black water circulating and black water waste heat recycling system can be reused as circulating water of a synthesis gas washing tower, so that the cyclic utilization of water resources is realized, the use of fresh water and the discharge of waste water are reduced, and the production cost and the environmental pressure are reduced. Meanwhile, the problem that a black water pipeline is scaled and blocked due to high temperature is solved, waste heat of the black water can be fully replaced for effective utilization, carbon is reduced, energy is saved, the purpose of cooling the black water is achieved, the cooling cost of a vacuum flash evaporation system is saved, and continuous and reliable economic benefits are created for enterprises.

A leaching and desalinating system for sandy soil in estuarine land reclaimed by sand blowing before planting greenery is provided. The leaching and desalinating system comprises a water pump and pipe assembly, a freshwater storage tank and a main diverting and draining channel. The water pump and pipe assembly lifts freshwater from a river to the freshwater storage tank through a water delivery pipe, multiple infiltration parts in which greenery is planted are provided on the waterside slope, the infiltration parts are connected to each other via multiple drainage infiltration channels. The present disclosure can quickly desalinate the sandy soil in land reclaimed by sand blowing at a low cost, improve the physicochemical properties of the soil, and provide a basic guarantee for the subsequent greenery planting on the sandy soil in land reclaimed by sand blowing.

According to the portable seawater desalination device provided by the scheme, a miniature magnesium air battery is used as a power supply, and a [Fe (CN6)] < 4-> / [Fe (CN6)] < 3-> redox medium is added into a cathode chamber and an anode chamber of an electrodialysis unit to form a high-concentration redox electrolyte, so that the current density and the ion migration rate are improved. A magnesium electrode is adopted as an anode and cooperates with a miniature magnesium air battery, the electrochemical environment is optimized, efficient and high-water-recovery-rate seawater desalination is achieved, seawater can be stably desalted into fresh water (TDS is smaller than or equal to 1000 mg / L) meeting the drinking water standard, and the seawater desalination device is suitable for outdoor exploration, emergency and other scenes.

The invention relates to the field of photo-thermal and photovoltaic technologies, in particular to a spanning type heliostat cleaning device. The invention provides a spanning type heliostat cleaning device. The spanning type heliostat cleaning device comprises a trolley assembly, a mirror surface cleaning device, a waste water collecting device and a water supply mechanism. The trolley assembly comprises a frame mechanism and a wheel mechanism, the frame mechanism is installed on the wheel mechanism, and an access channel extending in the first direction is formed in the trolley assembly; the mirror surface cleaning device comprises a transverse driving mechanism, a lifting driving mechanism and a mirror surface cleaning mechanism which are connected in sequence, the transverse driving mechanism is mounted at the top of the frame mechanism, and the lifting driving mechanism is vertically mounted on the transverse driving mechanism. According to the spanning type heliostat cleaning device, spraying water can be recycled, consumption of fresh water resources for heliostat cleaning can be remarkably reduced, and limited water resources can be distributed and used more reasonably. By means of the waste water collecting device, spraying water which is wasted originally is collected and reused, and recycling of water resources is achieved.

A system and method are provided in at least one embodiment to process water to produce gas that can be separated into at least two gas flows using a water treatment system having a disk-pack rotating in it to cause out gassing from the water. In a further embodiment, the method and system use the gas released from the water to produce substantially fresh water from the processed salt water.

The invention discloses a hydrogel-based water-energy-resource co-production solar evaporator and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of chemistry and environment, the hydrogel-based water-energy-resource co-production solar evaporator is prepared by taking sodium alginate hydrogel as a matrix, adding carbon nanotubes and a titanium-based lithium ion sieve or a metal-doped titanium-based lithium ion sieve into a solution of the sodium alginate hydrogel, taking polyurethane sponge as a carrier frame, and preparing the hydrogel-based water-energy-resource co-production solar evaporator. Ca2 + is adopted as a cross-linking agent to construct a solar evaporator with a flexible size (centimeter-level to meter-level components can be prepared according to application scenes), the solar evaporator is used for the solar driven evaporation process of lithium-containing water resources such as salt lake seawater, and Li + selective enrichment, fresh water collection and waste heat power generation are synchronously achieved. Moreover, the evaporator has the characteristics of simple preparation process, low cost and excellent environmental compatibility, also has a good removal effect on salt ions, and keeps stable fresh water collection performance in a long-time operation process.

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear energy comprehensive utilization, and discloses an energy system with nuclear energy as base load and a control method.The system comprises a nuclear power secondary loop system, a renewable energy system, an energy storage system, a steam supply system, a seawater desalination system, a hydrogen production system, a heating system and a refrigeration system; the heat of the reactor core enters the steam generator to generate main steam; the photovoltaic module and the wind turbine generator set carry out renewable energy power generation; a storage battery is used for storing renewable energy electric power, and a molten salt heat storage system is used for storing heat energy; the steam supply heat exchanger is used for heating fresh water produced by the seawater desalination system to obtain superheated steam; the low-temperature multi-effect evaporation system and the reverse osmosis membrane method seawater desalination system generate fresh water; the electrolytic bath generates hydrogen and oxygen; the heating system and the refrigerating system are used for refrigerating in summer and heating in winter, and nuclear energy, wind energy, solar energy and the like are coupled and utilized in a stepped mode.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of seawater treatment, particularly relates to a portable seawater desalination device, and aims to solve the problems that in order to meet the fresh water requirement of long-term navigation, a fresh water generator is installed, the volume of the fresh water generator is large, the weight of the fresh water generator can reach more than one ton, and a distillation method adopted by the fresh water generator is that a vacuum pump is arranged to form a low-pressure environment, so that seawater is easier to evaporate. In order to solve the problems of high energy consumption and high requirements on devices in the prior art, the utility model provides the following scheme: the device comprises a frame, and a seawater tank for containing seawater is fixed at the side end of the frame; a filtering part is arranged in the frame and comprises a sand filter, a carbon filter, a softener and a precision filter, the sand filter is communicated with the carbon filter, the carbon filter is communicated with the softener, and the softener is communicated with the precision filter; solar energy is adopted as an energy supply device, no additional electric energy consumption is generated, and the effect of saving energy is achieved; the portable device is convenient and easy to carry, and the space ratio and the load of the ship can be reduced.

The utility model discloses a solar photo-thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device which comprises an evaporation box, a glass cover plate arranged on the top surface of the evaporation box, and a seawater communication box transversely penetrating through the evaporation box, the seawater communication box divides the interior of the evaporation box into an evaporation cavity and a water storage cavity, and a heat insulation layer covers the inner bottom of the evaporation cavity. The heat insulation layer is covered with a photo-thermal conversion layer, the photo-thermal conversion layer is provided with a plurality of water absorption ropes extending into the seawater communication box, a water absorption block is slidably arranged in the evaporation cavity through a transverse guide rail, the water absorption block makes contact with the lower surface of the glass cover plate, and a water collection piece communicated with the water storage cavity is arranged on the inner side wall of the evaporation cavity. The driving mechanism is used for driving the water absorption block to reciprocate along the lower surface of the glass cover plate and to be in contact extrusion with the inner side wall of the evaporation cavity. According to the distillation device, condensed water drops on the glass cover plate can be cleaned in time, fresh water collection is completed, the sunlight heat dissipation phenomenon caused by the water drops is reduced, the light transmitting effect of the glass cover plate is ensured, and therefore the desalination efficiency is improved.

The method for estimating the growth condition of floating plants in the freshwater lake based on phosphorus circulation comprises the following steps that environmental parameters and nutrition parameters are obtained from the freshwater lake, the environmental parameters comprise the water body temperature, the original illumination intensity and distribution data, and the nutrition parameters comprise the water body phosphorus content; generating a plurality of illumination constraint factors in one-to-one correspondence with the types of the floating plants based on the distribution data, and correcting the original illumination intensity based on the illumination constraint factors to obtain actual illumination intensity in one-to-one correspondence with the types of the floating plants; and inputting the water body temperature, the actual illumination intensity, the water body oxygen content and the water body phosphorus content into a growth condition estimation model for growth condition estimation. According to the method, the change process of the floating plants in the water body can be effectively simulated, on the premise that adopted parameters are reduced, the simulation precision is not reduced, on the contrary, phosphorus is selected as key limited nutritive salt, the calculation efficiency is improved, and the floating plants can be simulated more efficiently.

The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling fluid processing, and particularly relates to a special silicate water-based drilling fluid for a coal-bed gas well as well as a processing method and a processing device of the special silicate water-based drilling fluid. The top end of the stirring tank is communicated with a first feeding hole and a second feeding hole, and the bottom end of the stirring tank is communicated with a discharging pipe; a rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the top surface of the inner wall of the stirring tank, and a sliding groove is formed in the bottom surface of the rotating shaft; a rotating shaft is driven by a first motor to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives a connecting shaft to rotate, so that fresh water and additives in a stirring tank are stirred and mixed by stirring blades, and a first screw rod can be driven by the first motor to positively and negatively rotate in a reciprocating manner in the mixing process; the first screw rod drives the connecting shaft to move up and down in the sliding groove, so that the stirring blades move up and down, the stirring blades stir and mix the water and the additive while moving, and the mixing efficiency and uniformity of the additive and the water are improved.

The invention discloses an electroplating wastewater concentration and filtration system and method based on secondary RO, and relates to the field of electroplating wastewater concentration and filtration, and the system comprises a pretreatment unit, a primary RO unit, a secondary RO unit, a concentration treatment unit and a control unit. According to the electroplating wastewater concentration and filtration system and method based on the secondary RO, secondary RO treatment can further improve water quality on the basis of primary RO, molecular pollutants and salt of different sizes can be gradually removed by accurately designing performance parameters and an arrangement mode of two stages of RO membrane assemblies, and compared with traditional primary RO treatment, the system and the method have the advantages that the water quality is improved, and the cost is reduced. According to the system, the recycling rate of the electroplating wastewater can be increased to 90% or above from 60%-70%, the taking amount of fresh water is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the water quality of secondary RO fresh water can meet the high requirement for rinsing water in the electroplating process, the product quality can be effectively guaranteed, the defective rate caused by the water quality problem is reduced, and the production benefit is improved.

The invention relates to a hydrogen production system based on a neural network model and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen preparation, and the system integrates a power supply module, a water replenishing module, an electrolytic hydrogen production module, a hydrogen absorption module and a control module. The power supply system is respectively connected with the water replenishing device and the electrolytic hydrogen production device, and the water replenishing device supplies fresh water to the electrolytic hydrogen production device through the control valve. And hydrogen generated by the electrolytic hydrogen production device is processed or stored by the hydrogen absorption module. The control module comprises a PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) controller and an LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) neural network, and is responsible for monitoring current, voltage, liquid level, flow and valve opening, adjusting PID parameters through the LSTM network, dynamically controlling the valve opening and ensuring the balance of water replenishing and electrolysis water consumption. According to the method, PID parameters are adjusted after LSTM network training, so that the opening degree of the valve is dynamically controlled, the balance between water replenishing and electrolysis water consumption is accurately ensured, the efficient and accurate hydrogen production control process is achieved, the hydrogen production efficiency and quality are effectively improved, and resource waste is reduced.

The invention discloses an aquaculture non-point source pollution treatment method based on ecological-hydraulic engineering, which comprises the following steps: acquiring water quality monitoring basic data of a target aquaculture area, inputting the water quality monitoring basic data into an ecological simulation environment matched with an ecological-hydraulic engineering fishpond, and generating a plurality of ecological purification schemes, constructing an environmental fluid dynamic model corresponding to the ecological-water conservancy project fishpond by taking the lowest waterlogging risk, the least fresh water supply, the maximum water quality index improvement and the lowest bioremediation cost as constraint conditions, and inputting each ecological purification scheme into the constructed environmental fluid dynamic model one by one to obtain an optimal ecological purification scheme. A control strategy corresponding to the optimal ecological purification scheme is executed, and the control strategy at least comprises an ecological restoration strategy and a water conservancy control strategy. According to the method, the water environment quality of the target culture area can be remarkably improved, the waterlogging risk is reduced, and recovery and balance of an ecological system are promoted.

The invention discloses an ecological risk assessment method for organic pollutants in a natural water body, and belongs to the field of ecological risk assessment of the natural water body, and the method comprises the steps: building a quantitative structure-activity relationship toxicity prediction model of species based on a machine learning and feature screening method; predicting and obtaining biotoxicity data in a to-be-predicted water body by using the quantitative structure-activity relationship model, establishing a species sensitivity distribution model of pollutants in the water body according to the biotoxicity data, and calculating predicted non-effect concentration; on the basis of database retrieval, acute toxicity experiments and an inter-species relationship prediction model, collecting, predicting and supplementing toxicity data of species in the water body, and evaluating the harmfulness of pollutants in the water body by using a risk entropy method and a comprehensive scoring method respectively. According to the method, ecological risk assessment is carried out by utilizing a machine learning method, the toxicity of the persistent organic pollutants in seawater and fresh water can be effectively assessed, and the ecological risk of the organic pollutants in the water body can be effectively assessed.

The utility model discloses an intelligent seawater desalination device and relates to the technical field of seawater desalination. The device comprises a bottom plate, the top of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a mounting frame, reverse osmosis membrane pipes are fixedly mounted in the mounting frame, the tail ends and the side faces of the tail ends of all the reverse osmosis membrane pipes are fixedly connected with connecting pipes, and the connecting pipes at the tail ends are fixedly connected and internally communicated with a fresh water pipe. The tail end side face connecting pipe is fixedly connected and internally communicated with a seawater pipe, connecting assemblies are installed on the middle portions, extending out, of the fresh water pipe and the seawater pipe, and water turbines are fixedly installed in the connecting assemblies. Water in the fresh water pipe and the seawater pipe impacts the blades in the water turbine in the continuous conveying process to enable the blades to rotate, then the water continuously rushes out and is discharged, continuous power generation is achieved, and the effect of saving electric power is achieved. When the water turbine needs to be overhauled, the valve in the blocking assembly can be controlled to disassemble and assemble the water turbine under the condition that the device is not closed.

The invention discloses a non-selective membrane mixing system for solar seawater desalination and all-weather salinity difference energy collection. The non-selective membrane mixing system comprises a chamber for accommodating seawater; the salinity gradient energy power generation module is arranged at the bottom of the chamber and comprises a cation electrode and an anion electrode which are connected through an external circuit, and the cation electrode and the anion electrode are immersed in the seawater in the chamber; the salinity gradient energy generation module comprises an evaporator and a condensation cover, the evaporator floats in the seawater in the cavity, and the condensation cover is located at the top of the cavity; wherein no ion selective membrane is arranged between the cation electrode and the anion electrode. According to the system, photo-thermal evaporation fresh water production and salinity gradient energy power generation / energy storage processes are coupled, and membrane-free all-weather salinity gradient energy collection is realized.

The invention belongs to the field of plant extracting solution concentration, and discloses a low-pressure high-power concentration device for a plant extracting solution and a concentration method using the low-pressure high-power concentration device. The device is based on a series reverse osmosis membrane stack and a feeding pump, a fresh water collecting tank, a booster pump, three types of pressure sensors, two types of osmometers, a water inlet pressure control system and a one-way valve are additionally arranged, the three types of pressure sensors are used for detecting the pressure of a feeding header pipe, the pressure of concentrated water and the pressure of a fresh water header pipe respectively, and the two types of osmometers are used for detecting the osmotic pressure of the feeding header pipe and the osmotic pressure of the concentrated water respectively. The water inlet pressure control system adjusts the design pressure of the device and the osmotic pressure of the plant extracting solution by adjusting the frequencies of the booster pump and the feeding pump, so that accurate monitoring of parameters is realized, efficient concentration of the plant extracting solution under low pressure is guaranteed, scaling on the surface of a reverse osmosis membrane is delayed, the service life of a membrane stack is prolonged, and continuous production of membrane concentration and filtration is realized.

Method and systems are provided that characterize a geological formation, which involve collecting or obtaining electrical signal data that results from interaction of electrical signals with the formation. The electrical signal data is processed to determine data characterizing relative permittivity and conductivity of the formation. The data characterizing relative permittivity and conductivity of the formation are used as inputs to models to determine data characterizing water saturation of the formation, particularly useful in formation evaluation and reservoir saturation dynamic monitoring in fresh water and mixed salinity environments.