779 results about "Total internal reflection" patented technology

To provide an optical system capable of enhancing coupling of light from a light source to an optical fiber, particularly an optical system that can be incorporated into medical instruments such as endoscopes.SOLUTION: There is provided an optical system. The optical system comprises a lens including an input surface for receiving light from at least one light source and an output surface through which the light exits the lens, the lens further including a peripheral surface extending between the input surface and the output surface and configured to direct, via total internal reflection, at least a portion of the light incident thereon through the output surface to an output focal point. The optical system can further comprise a tapered light pipe optically coupled to the lens and a light guide (e.g., one or more optical fibers) that is optically coupled to the tapered light pipe. The lens directs the received light to an output focal point that is disposed within the tapered light pipe.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3A

Provided herein are methods of detecting single molecules that include binding single molecules in a sample solution to a first surface of an optically transparent substrate include the optically transparent substrate is free of a metallic coating. In some embodiments, the methods include irradiating the first surface of the substrate with an incident light having an incident angle selected to achieve total internal reflection of the incident light, thereby scattering light from the first surface and from the single molecules bound to the surface in which a wavelength of the incident light is between 10 nm and 350 μm and the optically transparent substrate has a refractive index at the wavelength of the incident light exceeding that of the sample solution, and collecting an image that captures interference between evanescent light scattered from the single molecules and the first surface. Systems and additional methods are also provided.

Disclosed herein is a waveguide-based display comprising: a waveguide, a source of image modulated light projected over a field of view; an input coupler for coupling said light into a total internal reflection (TIR) path within the waveguide; and a grating structure for providing beam expansion of the TIR light in at least one direction and extracting the TIR light from the waveguide. The grating structure may include a plurality of grating elements having at least two different grating prescriptions and at least one surface relief grating formed by a phase separation process.

An optical element includes a waveguide body that is configured to guide light by total internal reflection from an input end to an output end, an input coupling element located at the input end for coupling light into the waveguide body, and an output coupling element located at the output end for coupling light out of the waveguide body, where the waveguide body includes an organic solid crystal. The organic solid crystal may be a single crystal having principal axes rotated with respect to the dimensions of the waveguide body. Such an optical element may have low weight and exhibit good color uniformity while providing polarization scrambling of the guided light.

The invention provides a spatial light modulator, a self-checking device thereof and a light computing device, and relates to the technical field of optical modulation.The spatial light modulator comprises an incident waveguide structure, a covering plate, a liquid crystal layer, a substrate and an emergent waveguide structure; the incident waveguide structure is optically coupled with the cover plate and is used for guiding externally incident laser into the cover plate at a preset angle; the covering plate is used for enabling laser to be propagated in the covering plate in a total reflection form; the substrate bears the liquid crystal layer, integrates the driving circuit and is used for applying regulation and control voltage to the liquid crystal layer; the liquid crystal layer is arranged on the lower side of the covering plate and used for conducting phase modulation on the laser transmitted to the liquid crystal layer in a total reflection mode in response to the regulation voltage. And the emergent waveguide structure is optically coupled with the covering plate and is used for guiding the laser modulated by the liquid crystal layer out of the covering plate to a free space. According to the spatial light modulator, efficient spatial modulation and accurate control of the light field are realized, so that the integration and function accuracy of the spatial light modulator in self-inspection and light calculation are improved.

An electronic device may include a display with a waveguide and a surface relief grating (SRG) on the waveguide. The SRG may direct image light towards an eye box. An optical blocker may at least partially overlap the SRG. The blocker may include a first optical wedge having a curved surface and a second optical wedge separated from the curved surface by an air gap or a low refractive index material. The curved surface may have a freeform shape that configures the first optical wedge to propagate world light incident upon the blocker within a selected range of incident angles away from the SRG via total internal reflection. The blocker may transmit world light at other incident angles to the eye box through the waveguide. This may allow the blocker to block high incident angle world light from reaching the SRG and producing unsightly rainbow artifacts at the eye box.

The invention provides a terahertz suspension core optical fiber, which belongs to the technical field of optical fibers and comprises an outer sleeve, a plurality of I-type dielectric tubes and a plurality of II-type dielectric tubes with the same number as the I-type dielectric tubes, wherein the plurality of I-type medium pipes are arranged in the outer sleeve, and each I-type medium pipe is tangent to the outer sleeve; the multiple II-type medium pipes are arranged in the outer sleeve, and one II-type medium pipe is arranged on the outer wall of each I-type medium pipe in a tangent mode; based on a modified total internal reflection principle, the dependence of a traditional suspension core optical fiber on a thin arm in structure is avoided; the simple optical fiber structure with all structural units being circular boundaries has more prominent advantages in optical fiber manufacturing. The hollow porous structure can ensure that most of energy in the mode is distributed in the air, so that the absorption loss is effectively reduced.

An optical device (201) comprises a center portion (203) and a reflector portion (204) surrounding the center portion and comprising a reflector surface (205) configured to provide total internal reflection. The center portion comprises a first lens section (206) and a second lens section (207) after the first lens section in a propagation direction of light. A projection of a light ingress surface (208) of the first lens section on a geometric plane (xy) perpendicular to a geometric line (z) through center of mass points of the first and second lens sections is smaller than a corresponding projection of a light ingress surface (210) of the second lens section on the geometric plane. As there are the two successive lens sections, a desired collimation effect can be achieved even if the lens sections are sufficiently thin from the viewpoint of manufacturing.

The invention discloses a grating waveguide device and waveguide system based on a polarization volume grating technology, and belongs to the technical field of augmented reality display. The device comprises a waveguide substrate and a grating structure, the grating structure adopts a liquid crystal material to form a periodic refractive index modulated PVG through a light-induced orientation and self-assembly process, the polarization state of a light beam can be selectively regulated and controlled, and the rainbow pattern phenomenon caused by ambient light diffraction is inhibited. The efficient diffraction and total internal reflection transmission of the multi-wavelength light beam are realized by optimizing the grating period, the Bragg inclination angle and the waveguide matrix parameters and combining Zemax simulation to optimize the light beam propagation path. The waveguide system can be matched with AR glasses, a head-mounted display and other devices, the intensity of the rainbow lines is remarkably reduced under the complex ambient light condition, and high-definition and distortion-free visual experience is provided.

The invention discloses a single molecule microscopic imaging industrial camera imaging system and imaging method. The system comprises an inverted fluorescence microscope, a laser light source, a coupler, a light source adjusting device, an optical filter, an objective lens, a CMOS camera, a microcomputer processing system and an image enhancement device. The inverted fluorescence microscope is used for laser scanning confocal microscopic imaging or single molecule PALM microscopic imaging; the laser light source is used for providing incident light for the camera system; the coupler is used for obtaining high-power excitation and activation laser to enter the microscope system; the light source adjusting device is used for switching light sources; the optical filter is used for collecting the maximum fluorescence signal and blocking the exciting light at the same time; the objective lens is used for total internal reflection of light beams on the sample surface; the CMOS camera is used for photographing to obtain an image; the image intensifier is used for intensifying the image. And the microcomputer processing system carries out picture synthesis and result output through a preset correction algorithm. According to the invention, the living cell single-molecule trajectory detection efficiency can be improved.

The application provides an optical device and a near-eye display device. The optical device comprises a light guide and a reflecting surface. The reflecting surface is arranged obliquely relative to two parallel total internal reflection surfaces of the light guide to couple light into the light guide. First and second ends of the reflecting surface are arranged on opposite sides of the first total internal reflection surface. The first and second ends of the reflecting surface satisfy the following conditions: light within an incident angle range enters the optical device through the light incident end, is reflected by the reflecting surface once to the second total internal reflection surface, and spreads in the light guide; and edge light within the incident angle range that is incident obliquely to the second end of the reflecting surface is reflected by the reflecting surface twice and then reflected to a space between the first end of the reflecting surface and the first total internal reflection surface. By arranging the reflecting surface obliquely relative to the first total internal reflection surface, at least 50% of light within a maximum incident angle range is spread in the light guide and stray light is filtered, thereby improving the effect of the light guide in display implementation of the near-eye display.

The invention belongs to the field of solid lasers, and particularly relates to a laser for realizing high-power pump beam quality enhancement based on multi-stack heat transfer, which comprises a pump module, a pump shaping coupling module, a multi-stack crystal, a cube-corner prism, an output mirror and a cooling device. And the multi-laminated crystal adopts a high-thermal-conductivity diamond film, so that transverse rapid diffusion of heat is realized, local heat accumulation and temperature rise are relieved, wavefront distortion and a thermal lens effect caused by thermally induced refractive index change are reduced, and the stability of a laser mode is improved. The cube-corner prism is used as a resonant cavity mirror surface, can automatically compensate angle deviation, optimizes mode matching in the cavity, has a synergistic effect with a zigzag total internal reflection path in the crystal, further balances a heat affected zone, improves light field distribution, and remarkably improves light beam uniformity, stability and TEM00 mode quality. The structure is high in adaptability, is suitable for various wavelengths, pumping modes and thermal loads, and assists the laser to realize miniaturized, high-integration and high-performance output.

A transparent wearable data display having a source of collimated light, a deflector for deflecting the collimated light into a scanned beam, and a first of switchable grating elements sandwiched between first and second parallel transparent substrates, which together functioning as a first light guide. A first coupling is provided for directing the scanned beam into a first total internal reflection (TIR) light path of the first light guide along the first array column. The grating elements having diffracting and non-diffracting states, in their diffracting state deflecting light out of said light guide. The grating elements are switchable into their diffracting states one group of elements at a time.

The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated photonic devices, and discloses a total internal reflection light switch based on a phase change material and a use method thereof.The phase change material area is subjected to first pretreatment, the phase change material in the phase change material area is completely converted into an amorphous state from a crystalline state, and the phase change material in the phase change material area is subjected to second pretreatment; the difference value between the refractive index of the phase change material and the refractive index of the waveguide is greater than 0.6, and at the moment, the total internal reflection light switch is in a cross state; second pretreatment is carried out on the phase-change material area, the phase-change material in the phase-change material area is completely converted into a crystalline state from an amorphous state, the difference value between the refractive index of the phase-change material and the refractive index of the waveguide is 0-0.2, at the moment, the straight-through function of the total internal reflection optical switch is achieved, the power consumption of the optical switch is remarkably reduced, and the optical switch has a wide application prospect. Performance indexes of the optical switch are optimized, multi-mode optical signal transmission is achieved, and application of the optical switch in the fields of high-speed optical communication, optical interconnection and optical calculation is promoted.

Provided are an optical waveguide structure, an Augmented Reality (AR) device, and a method for obtaining an emergent light efficiency of an optical waveguide structure, which relates to the technical field of display. The optical waveguide structure includes: an optical waveguide body, a coupling-in grating disposed at the optical waveguide body, and a plurality of coupling-out gratings distributed and arranged. The coupling-in grating is configured to couple image light into the optical waveguide body. The optical waveguide body is configured to generate a total internal reflection of the image light to the coupling-out gratings. Diffraction efficiencies of each of the coupling-out gratings are different, and each of the coupling-out gratings is configured to couple the image light out of the optical waveguide body at the same brightness.

An electronic device may include a display that generates light for an optical system that redirects the light towards an eye box. The optical system may include a waveguide, a non-diffractive input coupler, a cross coupler, and an output coupler. The cross coupler may expand the light in a first direction. The cross coupler may perform an even number of diffractions on the light and may couple the light back into the waveguide at an angle suitable for total internal reflection. The output coupler may expand the light in a second direction while coupling the light out of the waveguide. The cross coupler may include surface relief gratings or holographic gratings embedded within the waveguide or formed in a separate substrate. The optical system may direct the light towards the eye box without chromatic dispersion and while supporting an expanded field of view and optical bandwidth.

The invention discloses a total internal reflection wafer detection device, which comprises a camera, laser, a reflecting prism, a circular diaphragm, a support column and a refraction cone, and is characterized in that the direction of the laser entering the reflecting prism is changed to be vertically upward, and the circular diaphragm which shields a laser center part to form annular laser is arranged on a vertically upward laser light path; the annular laser is refracted by the refraction cone to enter a wafer to be detected and is totally reflected in the wafer to be detected, when internal defects and surface dirt of the wafer are encountered, the internal defects and the surface dirt are scattered out of the wafer and detected by the camera, the supporting column is located between the refraction cone and the circular diaphragm, and the wafer to be detected is arranged on the refraction cone; the camera is arranged above the wafer to be detected; the cone angle # imgabs0 # of the refraction cone enables the reflection angle # imgabs1 # refracted into the wafer to be measured to be larger than the total reflection angle. The device has the advantages that laser enters the wafer, total reflection detection is carried out from the center to the outer ring of the wafer, and compared with a method for carrying out detection from the edge of the wafer, the efficiency is higher, and the detection precision is higher.

The present invention provides a compact optical device for augmented reality, the compact optical device including: an optical means configured to transmit at least part of real object image light therethrough toward the pupil of an eye of a user; a first reflective unit disposed inside the optical unit and configured to transfer augmented reality image light which is image light corresponding to an image for augmented reality output from an image output unit to a second reflective unit; and the second reflective unit disposed inside the optical means and configured to transfer the augmented reality image light transferred from the first reflective unit toward the pupil of the eye of the user by reflecting it, thereby proving an image for augmented reality to the user.

The present disclosure relates to a waveguide for an augmented reality or virtual reality display, a display, and a method of manufacturing a waveguide. In one embodiment, a waveguide for an augmented reality or virtual reality display comprises: an output diffractive element comprising a plurality of optical structures in a photonic crystal; a first main surface of the waveguide and a second main surface of the waveguide, the first main surface being separated from the second main surface in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the waveguide, where light propagates along the waveguide towards the output diffractive element by undergoing total internal reflection between the first main surface and the second main surface, a plurality of optical structures are arranged in a plane of the waveguide in an array configured to receive light from an input direction and diffract the light into a plurality of stages, some of which are diffracted in the plane of the waveguide at an angle to the input direction to provide a 2D extension across the plane of the waveguide, and the other stages are coupled out towards the viewer in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the waveguide.

An optical element includes a waveguide body that is configured to guide light by total internal reflection from an input end to an output end, an input coupling element located at the input end for coupling light into the waveguide body, and an output coupling element located at the output end for coupling light out of the waveguide body, where the waveguide body includes an organic solid crystal. Such an optical element may have low weight and exhibit good color uniformity while presenting a 2D diagonal field-of-view of at least approximately 10°.

Disclosed herein is a waveguide-based display comprising: an optically transparent substrate; an input grating comprising an emptied periodic structure (EPS) supported by the substrate, where the input grating diffracts light into total internal reflection (TIR) within the substrate; a folded grating including an EPS or a volume Bragg grating (VBG), where the folded grating receives the TIR light and expands the TIR light in a first direction; and an output grating including an EPS or a VBG. The output grating receives the expanded light and outputs the light, and the input grating is spatially separated from the folding grating and the output grating.

The invention relates to an optical waveguide (20) for arrangement in a beam path (5) of an optical arrangement having a device (11) for out-coupling and / or in-coupling imaging the beam path. The optical waveguide (20) comprises a GRIN element having at least one curved surface (12, 13), the GRIN element having a refractive index profile designed to reduce aberrations in the imaging path of a virtual image caused by the curvature of the GRIN element, the virtual image being generated by means of light waves guided by total internal reflection in the optical waveguide (20).

Systems, methods, and devices include a platform with a transparent material which defines a first measurement surface. Light surfaces are positioned to provide light into the transparent material and cause a Frustrated Total Internal Reflection (FTIR) event responsive to contact at the first measurement surface. The system also includes one or more wearable devices having a base material operable to cover a portion of a human body. An inner surface of the base material defines a second measurement surface. Furthermore, one or more sensors disposed on the base material are operable to collect data at the second measurement surface. Additionally, the health parameter monitoring system presents at the display, such as a virtual reality (VR) headset, locomotion regimen information. The system collects first health parameter data from the first measurement surface based on the FTIR event; and / or second health parameter data from the second measurement surface.

An illumination system comprising a lighting module with a plurality of LEDs, a flexible optically transmissive sheet disposed in an energy-receiving relationship with the lighting module, and broad-area reflective surface configured to reflectively scatter light. The flexible optically transmissive sheet has a laminated structure with a generally rectangular shape and a thickness between 200 micrometers and 1 millimeter. The laminated structure comprises a first layer of an optically transmissive material, a second layer of an optically transmissive material, a first regular array of linear channels formed in the first layer extending parallel to one another between two edges of the flexible optically transmissive sheet, and a second regular array of linear channels formed in the second layer extending at an angle with respect to the first regular array of linear channels. The linear channels define side walls configured to reflect light using total internal reflection.

The spreadlight lens of the court lamp comprises a lens substrate applied to a lamp, a plurality of lenses are arranged on the lens substrate in a protruding mode, the two ends of each lens are the incident end and the emergent end respectively, and the emergent end is divided into a first light-transmitting body and a second light-transmitting body from top to bottom. Wherein the back face of the first light-transmitting body sinks inwards to form a light inlet cavity used for containing a light source, a reflecting groove is formed in the back face of the first light-transmitting body, a reflecting face is arranged on the side wall, close to the light inlet cavity, of the reflecting groove, and the reflecting face is used for reflecting light rays projected to the reflecting face through the light inlet cavity. The convex light-transmitting bodies are arranged on the lens, light rays emitted by a light source can enter the convex light-transmitting bodies to be refracted and diffused to be more uniform, meanwhile, the reflecting surfaces are arranged in the convex light-transmitting bodies, total reflection of the light rays entering the light-transmitting bodies can be achieved, light waste is reduced, and glare is reduced.

Provided are a method and apparatus for adjusting a sidewall structure of a cylindrical light guide column, where the method includes: acquiring a size parameter of a light guide column; calculating, based on the law of refraction, a total internal reflection angle of the light guide column according to a light guide column refractive index and an air refractive index, and calculating, in conjunction with an incidence angle of an incident light, a refraction angle of a refracted light; acquiring a first inclination angle range of a sidewall of the light guide column according to the refraction angle and the total internal reflection angle; and adjusting the sidewall of the light guide column according to the first inclination angle range to form a first inclination surface to enable the refracted light to be totally reflected on the first inclination surface.

The invention provides a Micro-LED-based optical interconnection chip and a packaging method, and relates to the field of chips, the Micro-LED-based optical interconnection chip comprises N optical modules, each optical module comprises an SoC chip, a light emitting unit and a light receiving unit, the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit are arranged on the SoC chip, and lenses are arranged on the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit respectively; the first substrate is provided with a through groove, each optical module is electrically connected with the first substrate, and the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit are located in the through groove; the back surface of the second substrate is provided with a waveguide structure, the waveguide structure comprises a plurality of waveguide blocks, the end part of each waveguide block is provided with a total internal reflection mirror TIR, and the light emitting unit on one SoC chip reflects light to the light receiving unit on another SoC chip adjacent to the SoC chip through the total internal reflection mirror TIR so as to realize signal transmission of the adjacent SoC chips. The Micro-LED array can become an ideal scheme for short-distance optical communication by virtue of the advantages of parallel architecture, ultra-low power consumption and high stability.

The present disclosure provides a system and a method to deliver (irradiate) energy and defrost the surface of a glazing that does not require printed conductors, embedded wires, bus bar or conductive film. The present disclosure uses the optical phenomenon known as Frustrated Total Internal Reflection (FTIR) to deliver light energy directly to a surface of at least one glass layer of a windshield, glazing or other transparent substrate by means of high intensity light. The light is injected into the surface of at least one glass layer of the glazing at an angle that allows for light propagation via Total Internal Reflection (TIR). The light energy can be used as the sole source of energy or be complementary to a conductive coated resistive heated circuit and / or hot air blowing system.

The invention discloses an optical weak measurement imaging detection system and method suitable for ultrahigh-precision antibiotic detection. The system comprises a light source, a first polarizer, a flow cell, a triangular prism, an achromatic quarter-wave slide, a second polarizer, an imaging lens, an image sensor and a data processing and analyzing module. According to the system, through pre-selection and post-selection of polarization states, total internal reflection occurs on the inner surface of the prism, and a phase difference between p polarization and s polarization is generated in reflected light, so that tiny disturbance of a sample to a light beam is amplified, and high-sensitivity detection is realized. The data processing module executes a weak measurement algorithm, analyzes signals of the image sensor, amplifies tiny physical quantity changes, and detects the content of target analytes such as antibiotics in the sample. The sensitivity of the sensing system to antibiotic micromolecules is remarkably improved, a new scheme is provided for unmarked optical sensing of target analytes such as antibiotic micromolecules, and the application field of optical weak measurement sensors can be greatly expanded.

A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) sensor system includes a window, a laser source configured to generate a beam, one or more scanning optics configured to output the beam through the window, and a sensor. The sensor includes at least one light emitter configured to output light associated with a parameter different than a corresponding parameter of the beam, a first optic coupled to the window, the first optic configured to receive the light from the light emitter and provide the light into the window to undergo total internal reflection in the window, a second optic coupled to the window, the second optic configured to receive the light provided into the window by the first optic, and a detector configured to receive the light from the second optic and output a signal indicative of a presence of an obscurant on the window.