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Anode material for lithium metal battery as well as preparation method and application of anode material

A technology for lithium metal batteries and negative electrode materials, which is applied in battery electrodes, lithium batteries, non-aqueous electrolyte batteries, etc., can solve the problem of difficulty in fully exerting three-dimensional carriers, and achieve the effect of improving safety and improving cycle life.

Pending Publication Date: 2018-06-29
ZHEJIANG UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] However, the above-mentioned carrier materials are all electronic conductors. When lithium ions are deposited, they tend to deposit on the surface of the carrier. It is difficult to fully play the role of a three-dimensional carrier and completely inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites.

Method used

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  • Anode material for lithium metal battery as well as preparation method and application of anode material
  • Anode material for lithium metal battery as well as preparation method and application of anode material
  • Anode material for lithium metal battery as well as preparation method and application of anode material

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0035] In order to test the inhibitory effect of polymelamine foam on the growth of lithium dendrites and the improvement of Coulombic efficiency, a lithium-copper half-cell was assembled for testing. The specific method is as follows: a 200 μm thick polymelamine foam is placed on a copper foil, and a lithium sheet is used as a counter electrode to assemble a half-cell. Oxolane (DOL) / ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DME) (1:1, volume ratio). Cell assembly was performed in an argon-protected glove box using 2032 model coin cells.

[0036] The test conditions of the assembled half-cells are: the areal capacity of the electrodeposited / stripped lithium metal active material is 1mAh cm -2 , at a current density of 1mA cm -2 Under the condition of , its cycle number-coulombic efficiency curve see image 3 , as can be seen from the figure, its coulombic efficiency exceeds 98%, and the cycle life is greatly improved.

[0037] As a comparison, the assembly process of the half-cell a...

Embodiment 2

[0040] A 200 μm thick polymelamine foam was placed on a copper foil, with metal lithium as the counter electrode, and the electrolyte was 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) / Ethylene Glyme dimethyl ether (DME) (1:1, volume ratio), at 1mAcm -2 Deposit for 20 hours at a working current density to prepare a composite lithium metal negative electrode. The specific deposition schematic diagram is as follows Figure 5As shown (1 is polymelamine foam skeleton structure, 2 is metal lithium, 3 is current collector), under the action of external circuit current, metal lithium obtains electrons on the surface of copper current collector, converts to metal lithium, and gradually deposits from bottom to top, Finally, the surface and interior of the three-dimensional skeleton of polymelamine foam are filled.

[0041] The composite metal lithium negative electrode prepared by the above method is assembled into a symmetrical battery, and the electrolyte is 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) / ethylene glycol dimethyl ether ...

Embodiment 3

[0044] Adopt the composite metal lithium negative pole prepared in embodiment 2, and lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 o 12 ) to assemble a half-cell, the electrolyte is 1M lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) of ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) (1:1, volume ratio).

[0045] The discharge specific capacity curve (curve 1) of the half-cell assembled in the present embodiment is as follows Figure 7 As shown, under the condition of 2C large rate, after 1000 cycles, the measured discharge capacity can still remain stable, while the discharge specific capacity curve (curve 2) of the half-cell assembled with the common lithium metal negative electrode is under the same conditions, After 200 cycles, the discharge capacity was greatly attenuated.

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Abstract

The invention discloses an anode material for a lithium metal battery. The anode material comprises a current collector and a carrier which is in tight fit with the current collector, wherein the carrier has a three-dimensional framework structure; a gap of the three-dimensional framework structure is filled with lithium metal; the carrier is selected from at least one of polymelamine, polyacrylonitrile, polyaniline, polyimide, polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene. The anode material disclosed by the invention has the advantages that a nonconductive polymer with the three-dimensional framework structure is used as the carrier, and stable deposition of lithium ions is realized by using interaction of functional groups contained in the carrier and the lithium ions; meanwhile,volumetric expansion is inhibited, internal stress of the battery is relieved, and thereby the aim of inhibiting growth of lithium dendrites is achieved. The coulombic efficiency, the safety of the lithium ion battery obtained by assembling the anode material prepared disclosed by the invention is remarkably improved and cycle life is obviously prolonged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium metal batteries, in particular to a negative electrode material for lithium metal batteries and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Lithium batteries are widely used in electric vehicles as well as portable electronic devices. However, due to the limitations of its own electrode materials, the current commercial lithium-ion batteries have been difficult to meet the increasing demand for battery energy density in today's society. [0003] Due to its extremely high theoretical specific capacity (3860mAh g -1 ), is an ideal next-generation lithium battery. However, the poor cycle stability and safety issues of lithium metal batteries limit the application of lithium metal batteries. The root cause of these problems lies in the uneven lithium deposition and the growth of lithium dendrites. During repeated charge-discharge cycles, lithium dendrites will be ge...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M10/052
CPCH01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M10/052Y02E60/10
Inventor 陆盈盈范磊张魏栋
Owner ZHEJIANG UNIV
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