1408 results about "Photovoltaics" patented technology

The invention discloses a solar photovoltaic power generation and energy storage integrated communication machine room and an energy management and multi-mode refrigeration control method thereof, and belongs to the field of solar photovoltaic power generation green low-carbon communication machine rooms. The communication machine room takes an optical storage all-in-one machine and a unified direct-current bus as a core, photovoltaic power is connected to the direct-current bus through DC / DC, stored energy is connected to the direct-current bus through bidirectional DC / DC, commercial power is connected to the direct-current bus through AC / DC, a bus voltage stabilizing module is configured, and photovoltaic power supply priority, residual power charging and gap energy complementation are achieved. The energy management method comprises the steps of collecting power and a charge state to generate a state quantity, distributing the power according to priorities and issuing a control instruction. According to the refrigeration control method, the refrigeration mode or the mixed mode of the heat pipe and the compressor is switched according to the outdoor temperature threshold value and the refrigeration requirement, the three-way valve, the compressor and the fan are cooperatively controlled, and hysteretic and minimum retention time constraints are adopted to restrain frequent switching. According to the scheme, the renewable energy proportion and power supply continuity are improved, refrigeration energy consumption is reduced, and temperature control of the machine room is kept stable.

The invention discloses a distributed photovoltaic-oriented flexible adjustment and rigid control coordinated regulation and control method and system, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the operation data of a user side, the operation state of a transformer area, and environment meteorological information, and building a user portrait and transformer area state model; the user portrait represents the adjustable ability and response reliability of the user; the transformer area state model evaluates the operation risk of the power distribution network in real time; whether a regulation and control strategy is triggered or not is judged on the basis of an evaluation result of the transformer area state model, under the condition that the regulation and control strategy is triggered, the photovoltaic output change trend under different regulation and control strategies is simulated by combining the adjustable capacity of a user, the optimal regulation and control strategy is selected, flexible regulation is executed preferentially, and rigid control is triggered when the flexible regulation is not met; and issuing the generated regulation and control strategy instruction to a user side execution unit and monitoring the response of the photovoltaic system. On the premise of guaranteeing safe and stable operation of the power grid, the power generation income of users can be guaranteed to the maximum extent, and the acceptance and regulation capability of the power distribution network on high-proportion distributed photovoltaic power is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, and discloses photovoltaic conductive silver-coated copper micro powder and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method aims to solve the problem that performance and cost of existing silver-coated copper micro powder in photovoltaic application are difficult to consider at the same time. Through pH adjustment, organic pre-bonding treatment and gradient ammonification, the activity of the copper powder is reserved, and a uniform copper-ammonia complexing layer is constructed; in the chemical silver plating stage, the pretreatment liquid is added into a composite base solution containing a complexing agent, organic amine, a dispersing agent and a combined reducing agent, and a silver-ammonia solution is dropwise added for reaction under ultrasonic dispersion and nitrogen introduction protection; and in the post-treatment stage, a finished product is obtained through ethanol reflux desorption, antioxidant treatment, vacuum drying, low-temperature plasma activation and screening, uniform and complete coating of a silver layer can be achieved under the low silver content, and a feasible path is provided for replacing photovoltaic pure silver powder with silver-coated copper micro powder on a large scale.

The invention provides a photovoltaic module management system based on wireless communication, and the system comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules, the interior of each photovoltaic module is integrated with an Internet of Things communication module, and the operation data of the corresponding photovoltaic module are collected through the Internet of Things communication module; the access point is in wireless connection with the Internet of Things communication module of each photovoltaic module so as to manage data acquired by each Internet of Things communication module; and the cloud server is connected with the access point so as to receive the operation data of the photovoltaic module or send a control instruction to the photovoltaic module. Wired communication of a cable is replaced by wireless communication, so that the cost is saved. And meanwhile, the power station cloud platform control center controls photovoltaic module controllers such as a turn-off device and an optimizer, the working mode of the photovoltaic module is optimized, and the working efficiency of solar photovoltaic is improved.

The invention discloses a sponge city seepage and drainage structure and a sponge city water circulation system, and relates to the technical field of sponge city construction. A capillary air flotation grading pretreatment unit, a rhizosphere electro-catalysis layer and a mineral conversion filler layer are sequentially arranged below the permeable pavement layer in the rainwater permeation direction, and the drainage layer is a piezoelectric drainage layer; according to the method, blockages are subjected to capillary air flotation classification, minerals are converted into purification carriers, solid waste outward transportation is avoided, and heavy metal pollution is prevented; the water circulation end depends on photovoltaics, an external power grid is not needed, and carbon is reduced; sensor linkage adapts to a purification mode of high / low-pollution rainwater, and a straw self-cleaning function at the seepage and drainage end is prevented from being interrupted; the magnetic sensitive medium is prepared by converting blockages, outsourcing is avoided, and the cost is reduced; the ultrafine particles in the by-products assist in purification, the uleucite is used for preparing the pervious concrete, and the zeolite is used for improving the soil, so that environmental protection and resource regeneration are realized.

The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, and discloses a photovoltaic panel disassembly and installation device. The photovoltaic panel disassembly and installation device comprises a mobile carrying apparatus, a photovoltaic panel disassembly and installation apparatus, and a photovoltaic panel storage apparatus, wherein the photovoltaic panel disassembly and installation apparatus and the photovoltaic panel storage apparatus are both arranged on the mobile carrying apparatus.

The invention relates to a solar photovoltaic power generation control method and system, and the method comprises the steps: adjusting a power reference value of a virtual synchronous generator based on the predicted photovoltaic power change trend information of a micro-grid after a mode switching request is detected, and controlling the output power of the micro-grid to approach a steady-state power value under a target grid-connected working condition; in different operation modes, the virtual inertia of the virtual synchronous generator is configured to be an adaptive set value, and the virtual damping coefficient is adjusted; calculating a comprehensive switching preparation index based on the photovoltaic power prediction error, the convergence characteristic of the actual power deviation and the bus voltage and frequency fluctuation amplitude; and when the comprehensive switching preparation degree index meets a preset condition, generating a synchronous starting instruction, and entering an off-grid to grid-connected switching stage. Therefore, the stability and the reliability of mode switching can be remarkably improved, transient impact is effectively inhibited, and the power supply continuity and the power quality are guaranteed.

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the photovoltaic field, and provides a solar cell and a photovoltaic module, and the solar cell comprises a substrate which is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other; the first doped conductive layer and the second doped conductive layer are alternately distributed on the second surface, and doped elements in the first doped conductive layer and doped elements in the second doped conductive layer have different conductive types; and the connecting structure is positioned on the second surface and is positioned between the first doped conductive layer and the second doped conductive layer, and the connecting structure is electrically contacted with the first doped conductive layer and the second doped conductive layer. The embodiment of the utility model at least can improve the hot spot phenomenon of the solar cell.

The full-automatic efficient assembly production line comprises a main body structure, a plurality of guiding and conveying structures, a plurality of stirring structures and a discharging structure, the guiding and conveying structures are detachably arranged on the main body structure, the stirring structures are detachably arranged on the main body structure, and the discharging structure is arranged on the main body structure. The solar photovoltaic screen printing device relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic equipment, and has the beneficial effects that the solar photovoltaic screen printing device is high in adaptability, capable of being compatible with photovoltaic screens of multiple specifications, high in practicability, high in practicability and high in practicability. The welding material conveying position accurately corresponds to different welding point positions of the screen printing plate; and the automation degree is high, continuous welding machining is achieved, manual intervention is reduced, positioning is accurate, the position deviation of soft soldering tin is reduced, feeding is stable, and the requirement for multiple welding point positions is met.

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation equipment, and particularly discloses a photovoltaic panel fault inspection device for a solar photovoltaic power station, which comprises a rack and an infrared scanner, the upper side of the rack is provided with a toothed plate for supporting the infrared scanner, and the lower side of the rack is provided with a driving assembly. The driving assembly is used for driving the rack to linearly move along the surface of the photovoltaic panel, an adjusting assembly is arranged between the toothed plate and the rack, the adjusting assembly comprises lug plates fixedly connected with the outer surface of the upper end of the rack, and a driven shaft is rotationally connected between the two sets of lug plates. By arranging the adjusting assembly, the supporting pipe drives the toothed plate and the infrared scanner to turn over with the driven shaft as the fulcrum, so that the scanning angle of the infrared scanner is adjusted, the angle between the infrared scanner and the photovoltaic panel can be maintained within a proper range, the detection precision of the photovoltaic panel can be effectively improved, and the detection efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is improved. And meanwhile, the application range of the inspection device can be effectively expanded.

The invention discloses a back contact solar cell, a preparation method thereof and a photovoltaic module, and relates to the field of photovoltaic technology. According to the preparation method of the back contact solar cell provided by the invention, the grid line groove is formed in the first passivation layer by using the deep ultraviolet laser, and the deep ultraviolet laser has relatively high photon energy which is higher than chemical bond energy of a passivation layer material, so that chemical bonds can be broken through a photochemical effect instead of depending on a thermal effect to melt the material. The heat affected zone of deep ultraviolet laser grooving is small, generated thermal stress is small, and edge warping of the first passivation layer caused by thermal expansion difference can be restrained. The metal seed layer formed through subsequent deposition can be well attached to the inner surface of the grid line groove and the outer surface of the first passivation layer in the grid line area, the metal seed layer is good in integrity and has good adhesive force, and the manufactured back contact solar cell has good reliability and cell performance.

The invention discloses a photovoltaic device, a photovoltaic system and a construction method of the photovoltaic system, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaics. The photovoltaic device comprises at least one photovoltaic module group, a plurality of photovoltaic modules of the photovoltaic module group are hinged in sequence, at least one side of the photovoltaic module group is provided with a roller, and the roller is suitable for being in rolling fit with a module cable of a photovoltaic system; the photovoltaic module group is installed in the box body, the box body comprises a base and a side wall, the base is provided with anchoring points, the photovoltaic module group is supported on the base, the base is suitable for being installed on a first side stand column of a photovoltaic system, and the side wall is detachably installed on the base. According to the photovoltaic device, a large number of complex and tedious construction links can be transferred to the ground from the high altitude, high-altitude positioning and installation of the photovoltaic module group can be rapidly achieved, and the wind area of the photovoltaic modules can be greatly reduced in strong wind weather by switching the multiple photovoltaic modules between the folded state and the unfolded state; and the economical efficiency, reliability and durability of the photovoltaic system are improved.

The invention provides a distributed photovoltaic-containing power distribution network three-stage optimization method considering multi-device collaboration to solve the problems that a large number of distributed photovoltaics are widely connected into a power distribution network to cause adverse effects and the multi-device collaboration capacity in the power distribution network is insufficient, and the method mainly comprises the steps that distributed photovoltaic and load historical data are input; generating a prediction training set; obtaining day-ahead and intra-day prediction results of the photovoltaic and load by using the training set; executing day-ahead optimization scheduling according to a prediction result, and storing and transmitting parameters; the day-ahead scheduling result and the parameters are utilized to execute intra-day optimization scheduling; and according to photovoltaic and load actual information, an optimization result is corrected in real time based on a load flow calculation method. The method relates to distributed photovoltaic, intelligent soft switching and energy storage device to-be-optimized elements, system modeling comprises multiple types of constraints, and the day-ahead stage and the day-intraday stage are solved by taking the weighted sum of an active power loss item and a light abandoning item as an optimization target.

The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of photovoltaics. Provided are a solar cell and a preparation method therefor, and a photovoltaic module, which can at least improve the cell efficiency. The solar cell comprises: a substrate having a front face and a back face opposite each other; an inversion layer located on a surface of the substrate, wherein the inversion layer comprises a first inversion layer, which is located on the front face corresponding to a metal region; a first electrode located on the substrate corresponding to the metal region and electrically connected to the first inversion layer; a passivated contact structure located on the back face of the metal region; and a second electrode located on the passivated contact structure corresponding to the metal region and electrically connected to the passivated contact structure.

The invention relates to the technical field of hybrid energy system optimization control, in particular to a hybrid energy system optimization method and system based on multi-agent reinforcement learning, and the method comprises the steps: constructing an equipment mathematical model of a hybrid energy system comprising a solar photovoltaic system, a battery energy storage system and a hydrogen energy storage system; a multi-agent reinforcement learning control framework for energy scheduling optimization is designed, and the framework takes solar photovoltaic real-time available power, a battery charge state and a hydrogen storage tank state as state variables, and takes battery charge and discharge power, electrolytic cell charge power and fuel cell discharge power as action spaces; minimization of system operation cost and optimization of battery usage are taken as targets; a multi-agent near-end strategy optimization MAPPO algorithm is adopted to train agents, and an energy scheduling strategy is optimized online through interactive learning of the agents and a system environment so as to maximize a preset cumulative reward target and realize dynamic and adaptive control of system operation.

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaics, and provides novel efficient light conversion photovoltaic glass and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that glass colored glaze ink corresponding to the novel efficient light conversion photovoltaic glass is prepared, and glass powder, a light conversion material, pearl powder, light diffusion particles and an organic carrier are mixed; the content of the light conversion material is more than 5% and less than 30%; the particle size of the pearl powder is larger than 5 microns and smaller than 20 microns, and the content is larger than 1% and smaller than 10%; the content of the light diffusion particles is greater than 0.1% and less than 5%; printing the prepared glass colored glaze ink on the surface of the front plate glass layer; carrying out toughening treatment on the front plate glass layer printed with the glass colored glaze printing ink, and sintering the glass colored glaze printing ink to form a glass colored glaze layer; the battery piece is bonded to the front plate glass layer with the glass colored glaze layer through the upper adhesive film layer, the back plate glass layer is bonded to the battery piece through the lower polymer adhesive film layer, and preparation of the novel efficient light conversion photovoltaic glass is completed.

The invention relates to the photovoltaic field, and provides a photovoltaic cell and a manufacturing method thereof, a laminated cell and a photovoltaic module, and the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic cell comprises the steps: providing a cell substrate which is provided with two surface sides opposite to each other in a first direction; first paste is printed on the at least one surface side, the first paste at least comprises first conductive particles and second conductive particles, the first conductive particles and the second conductive particles both contain silver, and the silver content of the first conductive particles is lower than that of the second conductive particles; the first slurry is modified to convert the first slurry into the transmission layer, the modification treatment comprises a first stage and a second stage, and the energy density provided by the first stage for the first slurry is lower than the energy density provided by the second stage for the first slurry. According to the invention, the conductive performance of the formed transmission layer is improved, and the preparation process of the transmission layer is simplified.

The present invention provides a back-contact solar cell, a manufacturing method thereof, and a photovoltaic assembly in the field of photovoltaics. The back-contact solar cell includes a substrate and alternating first and second doped regions, a first passivation contact layer located in the first doped regions and a second passivation contact layer located in the second doped regions, a doped oxide layer including a first portion located on the surface of the first passivation contact layer and a second portion located in the second doped regions, and a connecting layer located on a portion of the first portion, surrounding a portion of the second portion, and electrically connected to the second passivation contact layer, and located on a side of the first passivation contact layer and electrically connected to the first passivation contact layer. [Effects] At the very least, the hot spot effect can be improved and the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be increased.

The utility model relates to the technical field of emergency lamps, and discloses a charging emergency lamp which comprises a lamp shell, an LED lamp bead plate, a storage battery, a solar photovoltaic panel and a plug, the lamp shell is of an inverted-T-shaped structure, a hollow groove is formed in the lamp shell, and the charging emergency lamp comprises the LED lamp bead plate, the storage battery, the solar photovoltaic panel and the plug. The LED lamp bead plate is clamped in the U-shaped clamping groove, the storage battery and the solar photovoltaic panel are fixed through the buckle plate and the limiting guide groove respectively, and the plugs are used for sealing the two ends of the lamp shell. The emergency lamp is based on the solar charging and LED lighting technology, electric energy is converted through the solar photovoltaic panel in the daytime and stored in the storage battery, and power is supplied to the LED lamp bead panel at night to achieve lighting. The fastening assembly and the abutting press fit mode simplify the assembly process, improve the production efficiency, reduce the use of screws, reduce the cost, enhance the stability, reduce faults, and facilitate the maintenance and replacement of components.

The invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic backboards, in particular to a high-water-resistance solar cell backboard and a preparation method thereof. The solar cell backboard structurally comprises a weather-proof layer, a nano-composite waterproof layer, a substrate supporting layer and a bonding layer from bottom to top in sequence, the preparation raw materials of the nanometer composite waterproof layer comprise a nanometer material, multilayer graphene, saturated aliphatic polyester polyol and a curing agent. The nano material comprises at least one of nano silicon dioxide, nano clay, single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, nano aluminum oxide, nano boron carbide, nano cellulose, nano zinc oxide, nano titanium oxide and nano molybdenum disulfide. The invention has the advantages of better water resistance and weather resistance and simpler preparation process.

The invention discloses a solar cell and a photovoltaic module, relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, and aims to solve the problem of how to improve the cell efficiency of the solar cell. The solar cell comprises a semiconductor substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other; at least partial area of the first surface comprises a tower footing texture structure and a first texture structure, and the tower footing texture structure is recessed towards the direction close to the interior of the semiconductor substrate; the first texture structure is formed on the tower footing texture structure, and the first texture structure is recessed in the direction close to the interior of the semiconductor substrate; the number of the first texture structures included on at least one tower footing texture structure is larger than or equal to 5 and smaller than or equal to 40; or, in the range of 10 [mu] m * 10 [mu] m, the number of the first texture structures is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 50. The tunneling layer is at least formed on the tower footing texture structure and the first texture structure; and the first doped semiconductor layer is formed on one surface, deviating from the semiconductor substrate, of the tunneling layer.

The invention relates to a curved-surface photovoltaic tile based on a back contact battery and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic building integration. The curved-surface photovoltaic tile comprises a curved-surface front hard board and a curved-surface rear board; the solar prefabricated laminated piece is arranged between the curved surface front hard board and the curved surface rear board, the solar prefabricated laminated piece comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cell pieces, and the photovoltaic cell pieces are back contact solar cell pieces, are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the tile and are electrically connected through conductive interconnection strips to form a cell string; wherein at least one of the curved surface front hard plate and the curved surface rear plate is constructed to be a rigid curved surface plate, and the rigid curved surface plate comprises a plurality of bending parts which are connected in sequence. And by utilizing the characteristic that the front surface of the BC battery is free of metal grid lines, the surface of the photovoltaic tile is integrated, the whole is dark or black, the appearance is simple and harmonious, and the photovoltaic tile can be perfectly fused with a traditional roof.

The embodiment of the invention provides a load data cleaning method and device for a novel power system power distribution network. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining multivariate time sequence load data; the method comprises the following steps: constructing a model fusing hierarchical expansion convolution and a multi-branch attention Transform; performing single-step time sequence prediction on the target monitoring column, and outputting a predicted value and a residual error; carrying out combined judgment on missing values and abnormal values; constructing a conditional fraction diffusion model; introducing self-supervised training and two-dimensional feature fusion; in the conditional diffusion reverse process, random noise is gradually denoised into a filling value conforming to real distribution. According to the method, multi-source load data can be fused, through combination of time sequence feature analysis and deep learning, missing detection, anomaly recognition and adaptive judgment of novel power system power distribution network user load data containing charging stations and distributed photovoltaics are realized, and finally missing data and abnormal data are filled through a conditional score diffusion model. And the completeness and quality of the user load data of the novel active power distribution network are improved.

The invention discloses a method for preparing high-purity quartz sand, and belongs to the technical field of nonmetallic mineral processing. The method aims at solving the problem that the purity of a final product is restricted due to the fact that associated impurities and internal inclusions in natural quartz minerals are difficult to efficiently remove. Preliminarily crushing the quartz raw ore; the quartz particles are subjected to acid pickling treatment, an acid agent and an auxiliary agent are mixed to serve as an acid pickling solution, and metal oxides and other acid-soluble impurities in the quartz particles are effectively dissolved and removed; pre-activating the pickled quartz particles at a low temperature of 300-500 DEG C to increase microcracks of the quartz particles, performing high-temperature melting chlorination treatment, and using a solid-gas composite chlorinating agent at the same time; and finally, crushing and grading the high-purity quartz ingot again to obtain a high-purity quartz sand product. According to the method, deep and comprehensive purification of quartz minerals is achieved, the technological process is simple and efficient, the obtained quartz sand product is high in purity, and the method is suitable for the photovoltaic field, the electronic field, the high-end optical field and other fields with extremely high requirements for the purity of quartz sand.

The invention discloses a graphite sagger preparation method based on a secondary isostatic pressing process. According to the method, natural crystalline flake graphite and artificial graphite powder are selected as raw materials, coal pitch is selected as a binder, and boron carbide micro powder is selected as a filler. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dry-mixing a graphite raw material, preparing crushed and molten coal pitch and boron carbide into a suspension, and mixing and kneading the coal pitch and the boron carbide into paste; the paste is pre-pressed into a biscuit through a hydraulic machine, the biscuit is sealed in a rubber sheath and then subjected to primary cold isostatic pressing, then primary roasting is carried out, the blank is subjected to vacuum impregnation in a suspension liquid after primary roasting, secondary cold isostatic pressing and secondary roasting treatment are carried out after impregnation is completed, graphitization treatment and cutting shaping are sequentially carried out after roasting, and the finished graphite saggar is obtained. The degree of dependence on equipment is effectively reduced through a secondary isostatic pressing process, so that the prepared graphite saggar has good performance, and the density, bending strength, porosity, thermal shock performance and other indexes of the graphite saggar all meet the specialized operation requirements in the fields of photovoltaics, new energy and the like.

A floating photovoltaic system (1) comprising a flotation unit (100) and a mooring system (30), wherein the flotation unit (100) comprises at least one sail (2) having at least one vertical or near vertical photovoltaic panel (20) mounted on a mast (3) and supported on a base (5), wherein the base (5) further comprises at least one buoyancy element (10); and wherein the mooring system (30) comprises a single point mooring buoy (32) connected to at least one buoyancy element (10) or the base (5) via mooring lines (33), and at least one mooring line (34) from the single point mooring buoy (32) tethered to at least one anchor point (36).

The utility model discloses a solar photovoltaic cell gradual change staggered grid printing screen which comprises a printing plate frame and a printing screen body, the printing screen body is stretched on the printing plate frame through a stretching wire mesh, a plurality of fine grid line grooves and main grid line grooves are formed in the printing screen body, the fine grid line grooves and the main grid line grooves are communicated in a crossed mode, and the fine grid line grooves are communicated with the main grid line grooves. Two sides of each main grid line groove are respectively provided with a plurality of fine grid line grooves in a staggered manner; the main grid line groove is narrowed from the middle to the two ends, and the narrowing angle alpha of the main grid line groove is 3-6 degrees; the width of the tensioning wire mesh between one side edge of the printing screen and the printing plate frame is L1, the width of the tensioning wire mesh between the other side edge of the printing screen and the printing plate frame is L2, and L1 is equal to (1.5-2.5) L2. The fine grid line grooves on one side of the main grid line grooves are correspondingly located between the two adjacent fine grid line grooves on the other side of the main grid line grooves, and the two groove edges of the main grid line grooves are symmetrically located on the two sides of the groove center line. According to the staggered grid printing screen, the tensioning force of the printing plate can be balanced, and the production cost of solar photovoltaic cells can be reduced.

This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology and discloses a conductive silver-coated copper micropowder for photovoltaic applications and its preparation method. This preparation method aims to solve the problem of balancing performance and cost in existing silver-coated copper micropowders for photovoltaic applications. In this invention, during the pretreatment stage, the base copper powder is acid-washed but not water-washed. It undergoes pH adjustment, organic pre-bonding treatment, and gradient ammoniation to retain the activity of the copper powder and construct a uniform copper-ammonia complex layer. In the chemical silver plating stage, the pretreatment solution is added to a composite base liquid containing a complexing agent, organic amine, dispersant, and combined reducing agent. A silver-ammonia solution is then added dropwise under ultrasonic dispersion and nitrogen protection. In the post-treatment stage, the product undergoes ethanol reflux desorption, antioxidant treatment, vacuum drying, and low-temperature plasma activation, followed by sieving to obtain the final product. This method can achieve uniform and complete silver coating even with low silver content, providing a feasible path for the large-scale replacement of pure silver powder for photovoltaic applications with silver-coated copper micropowder.

The invention discloses an adaptive planning method and system for a rural power distribution network containing distributed photovoltaics, and relates to the technical field of adaptive planning, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the fault simulation based on an optimal photovoltaic access scheme, collecting fault data corresponding to a fault event generated through simulation in a fault simulation process, and carrying out the fault simulation according to the fault data; the dynamic operation risk of the power distribution network is evaluated; and based on the characteristics of the rural power distribution network and the dynamic operation risk of the power distribution network, performing multi-objective optimization, and generating a distributed photovoltaic access planning scheme. According to the invention, multi-source data is collected and preprocessed to generate a high-quality data set, and photovoltaic output and rural power distribution network characteristics are obtained, so that full-process automatic processing from data collection to power grid characteristic extraction is realized.

A solar energy racking system for a plurality of solar panels for generation of electrical energy comprising a pair of opposing elongated rails for disposing in spaced-apart relation on a surface and secured thereto with a pair of anchors for each elongated rail, said anchors for connecting to the surface and to respective opposing portions of the elongated rail; and a solar photovoltaic module for securing to the pair of rails with a plurality of clips. A plurality of solar panels mount to the rails in a dense-space array having a Slow-profile relative to the surface. Optionally an intermediate engaging member attached to the rails intermediate the anchors further secures the rails to the surface.