The invention discloses a preparation method for a two-dimensional sheet-shaped titanium dioxide nanosheet material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: soaking three-dimensional laminated Ti3AlC2 powder in an aqueous solution of HF at a room temperature, and removing an Al atom layer by use of a chemical liquid-phase dissection method to prepare a two-dimensional Ti3C2 nanosheet with laminated characteristics still kept; then, placing Ti3C2 in a tubular furnace, ventilating a gas mixture of flowing oxygen gas and argon gas after vacuumizing, realizing in-situ oxidization of the two-dimensional Ti3C2 nanosheet at a high temperature, then cooling, taking out powder, and grinding to obtain the TiO2 nanosheet. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, any organic solvent and additive are not needed to be added in the preparation process, process parameters are stable, the procedure is simple, the process is controllable, the efficiency is high and the cost is low; the prepared two-dimensional titanium dioxide nanosheet has transverse dimension of 5-10 microns, and single-layer average thickness of 50 nanometers; the prepared rutile type titanium dioxide nanosheet is high in purity and good in degree of crystallinity, and only contains very little antase phase.