The present invention provides a 
straw-based selective mercury removal material preparation method, which comprises: (1) carrying out a 
steam explosion treatment on straws, and then treating at a temperature of 400-800 DEG C under vacuumizing and 
nitrogen atmosphere; (2) placing the product obtained in the step (1) into a reductive 
sulfur group-containing mixing liquid, carrying out stirring mixing, filtering, and 
drying, wherein the reductive 
sulfur group-containing mixing liquid is a mixing liquid of 
ammonium thiocyanate, 
ammonium thiosulfate and 
thioglycolic acid; and (3) mixing the product obtained in the step (2) and sublimed 
sulfur, heating under vacuumizing and 
nitrogen introducing conditions to achieve a temperature of 450 DEG C, maintaining for 2 h, carrying out program heating to 600-1000 DEG C, maintaining the vacuumizing and 
nitrogen introducing for 2 h, cooling, and 
grinding so as to obtain the 
straw-based selective mercury removal material. The invention further provides the mercury removal material prepared through the method and applications of the mercury removal material in mercury removal. According to the present invention, the 
straw-based selective mercury removal material has advantages of high 
mercury adsorption capacity, high mercury removal rate, rapid mercury removal, 
high selectivity, cheap and easily available raw materials, simple and feasible preparation process, 
environmental protection, economy, and good application prospect.